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Resumo A atividade antioxidante do mel de Tetragonisca angustula (TAH) e seu extrato etanólico (TAEE) foram investigados. Os níveis totais de fenólicos (TPC) e flavonóides (TFC) também foram avaliados. Os resultados para TPC foram 19,91 ± 0,38 e 29,37 ± 1,82 mg GAE g-1 e para TFC 0,20 ± 0,02 e 0,14 ± 0,01 mg QE g-1 de TAH e TAEE, respectivamente. As atividades antioxidantes foram 73,29 ± 0,49% e 93,36 ± 0,27% no ensaio DPPH● e 71,73 ± 4,07% e 97,86 ± 0,35% no ABTS●+ para TAH e TAEE, respectivamente. A atividade redutora total foi determinada pelo método de poder redutor (PR) e íon ferrico (Fe III) e os resultados variaram em PR de 151,7 ± 25,7 e 230,7 ± 25,2 mg GAE L-1, para TAH e TAEE respectivamente e para (Fe III) em EC50 0,284 em TAEE e 0,687 em TAH. A análise química por HPLC-DAD do extrato etanólico (TAEE) revelou a presença de ácido ferúlico como componente majoritário no extrato. A análise de RMN 1H confirmou esta estrutura e mostrou a presença de glicose, ácido cítrico, ácido succínico, prolina e derivados de hidrocarbonetos no TAEE. Além disso, a origem botânica também foi investigada e apresentou característica multifloral, tendo encontrado 19 tipos polínicos com predomínio botânico da família Anacardiaceae, sendo o pólen Tapirira predominante (42,6%) e o Schinus secundário (25,7%). Os resultados mostraram que o mel de T. angustula é uma interessante fonte de compostos fenólicos antioxidantes devido à sua origem floral e pode atuar como protetor da saúde humana quando consumido.

Abstract The antioxidant activity of Tetragonisca angustula honey (TAH) and its ethanolic extract (TAEE) were investigated. The total levels of phenolic (TPC) and flavonoids (TFC) were also evaluated. The results for TPC were 19.91 ± 0.38 and 29.37 ± 1.82 mg GAE g-1 and for TFC 0.20 ± 0.02 and 0.14 ± 0.01 mg QE g-1 of TAH and TAEE, respectively. Antioxidant activities were 73.29 ± 0.49% and 93.36 ± 0.27% in the DPPH● assay and 71.73 ± 4.07% and 97.86 ± 0.35% in ABTS●+ for TAH and TAEE, respectively. The total reducing activity was determined by the method of reducing power (PR) and iron ion (Fe III) and the results varied in PR from 151.7 ± 25.7 and 230.7 ± 25.2 mg GAE L-1, for TAH and TAEE respectively and for (Fe III) in EC50 0.284 in TAEE and 0.687 in TAH. Chemical analysis by HPLC-DAD of the ethanolic extract (TAEE) revealed the presence of ferulic acid as majority phenolic component in the extract. The 1H NMR analysis confirmed this structure and showed the also presence of glucose, citric acid, succinic acid, proline and hydrocarbon derivatives. In addition, the botanical origin was also investigated and showed a multifloral characteristic, having found 19 pollen types with a botanical predominance of the Anacardiaceae family, with Tapirira pollen occurring as predominant (42.6%) and Schinus as secondary (25.7%). The results showed that T. angustula honey is an interesting source of antioxidant phenolic compounds due to its floral origin and can act as a protector of human health when consumed.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.253599

Long-term oncological and surgical outcomes after Video Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) in patients with penile cancer
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Tobias-Machado, Marcos

; Ornellas, Antonio A.

; Hidaka, Alexandre K.

; Medina, Luis G.

; Mattos, Pablo A. L.

; Besio, Ruben S.

; Abreu, Diego

; Castro, Pedro R.

; Nishimoto, Ricardo H.

; Astigueta, Juan

; Dourado, Aurus

; Machado, Roberto D.

; Magnabosco, Wesley J.

; Corona-Montes, Victor

; Villoldo, Gustavo M.

; Zampolli, Hamilton C.

; Taha, Anis

; Auad, Pericles R.

; Faria, Eliney F.

; Arantes, Paulo B. O.

; Tavares, Alessandro

; Nascimento, Francisco S. M. S.

; Brazão Jr., Eder S.

; Rocha, Maurício M.

; Costa, Walter H.

; Panico, Vinicius

; Reis, Leonardo O.

; Almeida-Carrera, Roberto J.

; Silva, Rafael C.

; Zequi, Stênio C.

; Calixto, José R. R.

; Sotelo, Rene

International braz j urol

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Oct 2023, Volumen 49 Nº 5 Paginas 580 - 589

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Chemical Characterization of Aspartic Protease from Artichoke Flower (Cynara cardunculus L. var scolymus) Using MIR Spectroscopy and Analytical Measurements
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Jesus, Josane C. de

; Reis, Lucas C. C.

; Santos, Mateus P. F.

; Santos, Leandro S.

; Ferrão, Sibelli P. B.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Oct 2023, Volumen 34 Nº 10 Paginas 1520 - 1530

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Vegetable proteases have been studied as milk coagulants, and artichoke flower (Cynara cardunculus L. var scolymus) has potential coagulant action as a substitute for microbial chymosin. The objective was to perform chemical characterization of aspartic proteases from artichoke flower (Cynara cardunculus L. var scolymus) by mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIR) and analytical measurements. Artichoke flower extracts were obtained and crude thistle flower extract and microbial chymosin were used as a reference. Plant extracts and microbial chymosin were analyzed for protein concentration, proteolytic activity (PA), milk clotting activity (MCA), specificity ratio (SR), effects of pH, temperature, NaCl and CaCl2 concentration on MCA and PA and characterized by electrophoretic, spectroscopic, chromatographic and storage stability. The results indicated that the crude extract of artichoke flower showed high MCA (510.08 SU mL 1), low PA (10.50 µg mg-1), SR (48.57) and storage stability for up to 90 days under frozen. The electrophoretic profile of artichoke flower resulted in a protein band with an apparent molecular weight of 32 kDa, associated with cardosin A. Artichoke flower may be a new alternative for commercial plant proteases with active enzymes for milk coagulation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230065

Salicylic acid on gas exchange and growth of Hymenaea courbaril L. seedlings under flooding
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Santos, Cleberton C.

; Silva, Luis F. P. da

; Piesanti, Matheus

; Scalon, Silvana de P. Q.

; Goelzer, Ademir

; Silverio, Juliana M.

; Reis, Lucas C.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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May 2023, Volumen 27 Nº 5 Paginas 327 - 334

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Flooding is a stressful condition that causes damage to the photosynthetic apparatus, negatively affecting the growth of seedlings of fruit species, including Hymenaea courbaril L. Studies on physiological management, such as exogenous application of phytohormones, to alleviate abiotic stress have increased. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of salicylic acid (SA) on H. courbaril seedlings subjected to flooding. The seedlings received foliar application of four concentrations of SA (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg L-1) and were subjected to two water regimes: a) control - non-flooded and irrigated daily and b) flooded - seedlings were placed in a plastic pool, keeping the water depth at ± 5.0 cm above the substrate level. After 35 days, we evaluated the gas exchange, initial growth, quality, and potential ecological resilience of the seedlings. All flooded seedlings survived, but had reduced photosynthesis, carboxylation of Rubisco efficiency, and water-use and stomatal conductance when they received 100-300 mg L-1 SA. The seedlings that received between 100 and 300 mg L-1 SA had greater growth, quality, and phenotypic plasticity. Foliar application of SA did not mitigated the effect of flooding on gas exchange but contributed to the growth of H. courbaril seedlings.

RESUMO O alagamento é um fator estressante e promove danos ao aparato fotossintético, afetando negativamente o crescimento de mudas de espécies frutíferas, dentre elas a jatobazeiro Estudos sobre o manejo fisiológico, tal como aplicação exógena de fitohormônio, para aliviar o estresse abiótico tem aumentado. Assim, objetivou-se com esse estudo avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de concentrações de ácido salicílico (AS) em mudas de H. courbaril submetidas ao alagamento. As mudas receberam aplicação via foliar de quatro concentrações de AS: 0, 100, 200 e 400 mg L-1, e submetidas a dois regimes hídricos: a) controle: - não alagadas e irrigadas diariamente e b) alagamento - acondicionamento das mudas em piscina com lâmina d’água (5.0 cm) acima do nível do substrato. Decorridos 35 dias avaliamos as trocas gasosas, crescimento inicial, qualidade e o potencial de resiliência ecológica das mudas. Observou-se que todas as mudas alagadas sobreviveram, mas tiveram redução da fotossíntese, eficiência instantânea de carboxilação da Rubisco e de uso da água e condutância estomática e quando receberam aplicação entre 100-300 mg L-1 de AS. As mudas que receberam aplicação das concentrações entre 100 e 300 mg L-1 de AS tiveram maiores características de crescimento, qualidade e plasticidade fenotípica. A aplicação foliar de ácido salicílico não mitigou o efeito do alagamento sobre as trocas gasosas, mas contribuiu no crescimento das mudas de H. courbaril.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p327-334

Do Dipteryx alata Vogel seedlings recover the quality and the photosynthetic and antioxidant responses in the post-flooding?
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Linné, J. A.

; Jesus, M. V.

; Lima, V. T.

; Reis, L. C.

; Santos, C. C.

; Scalon, S. P. Q.

; Dresch, D. M.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e246451

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Dipteryx alata Vogel é uma arbórea de ampla ocorrência no Cerrado, se estabelecendo preferencialmente em solos bem drenados. Estudos referentes à ecofisiologia de D. alata em podem contribuir para a tomada de decisão sobre o uso de mudas dessa espécie em programas de recuperação de áreas degradadas sujeitas a alagamento temporário. Objetivamos com essa pesquisa avaliar os efeitos do alagamento no metabolismo fotossintético e antioxidante, além da qualidade de mudas dessa espécie, cultivadas ou não sob alagamento durante quatro períodos de avaliação (0, 20, 40 e 60 dias) seguidos de 100 dias após o término de cada período (0+100, 20+100, 40+100, 60+100 dias), possibilitando verificar o potencial de recuperação pós-alagamento. Observamos que as plantas alagadas apresentaram menor eficiência fotossintética e danos em FV/FM entretanto houve recuperação dessas características no pós alagamento. A qualidade das mudas reduziu sob alagamento não variando entre os períodos de exposição e embora tenha aumentado no pós-alagamento manteve-se menor não se recuperando. A ocorrência de lenticelas hipertrofiadas associadas a alterações fisiológicas e um eficiente sistema enzimático antioxidante devem ter contribuído para a sobrevivência e recuperação metabólica dessas mudas. Diante disso, sugerimos que a espécie é sensível ao estresse por alagamento, mas capaz de se ajustar e recuperar as características metabólicas 100 dias após a suspensão deste estresse hídrico, no entanto a qualidade da mudas não apresentou recuperação, assim, sugerimos plasticidade diante da condição de cultivo e ressaltamos que o tempo de 100 dias não é suficiente para a completa retomada do crescimento.

Abstract Dipteryx alata Vogel is a tree species widely found in Cerrado, settling preferentially in well drained soils. Studies related to ecophysiology of D. alata may contribute to the decision making about using seedlings of this species in projects aimed at the recovery of degraded areas where seasonal flooding happens. This study aimed to assess the effects of flooding on photosynthetic and antioxidant metabolism and quality of D. alata seedlings cultivated or not under flooding during four assessment periods (0, 20, 40, and 60 days), followed by 100 days after the end of each assessment period (0+100, 20+100, 40+100, and 60+100 days), allowing verifying the potential for post-flooding recovery. Flooded plants showed lower photosynthetic efficiency than non-flooded plants, regardless of the periods of exposure. However, this efficiency was recovered in the post-flooding, with values similar to that of the non-flooded seedlings. Moreover, the damage to FV/FM was evidenced by an increase in the period of exposure to flooding, but recovery was also observed at this stage of the photosynthetic metabolism. Seedling quality decreased under flooding, not varying between periods of exposure, but remained lower although the increase observed in the post-flooding period, with no recovery after flooding. The occurrence of hypertrophied lenticels associated with physiological changes and an efficient antioxidant enzyme system might have contributed to the survival and recovery of these seedlings. Thus, this species is sensitive to flooding stress but capable of adjusting and recovering metabolic characteristics at 100 days after the suspension of the water stress, but with no recovery in seedling quality. Thus, we suggested plasticity under the cultivation condition and determined that the time of 100 days is not enough for the complete resumption of growth.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.246451 130 descargas

Shading minimizes the effects of water deficit in Campomanesia xanthocarpa (Mart.) O. Berg seedlings
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Bartieres, E. M. M.

; Dresch, D. M.

; Reis, L. C.

; Pereira, Z. V.

; Mussury, R. M.

; Scalon, S. P. Q.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e244718

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a atividade de enzimas antioxidantes, o funcionamento do fotossistema II e a qualidade de mudas de C. xanthocarpa cultivadas sob déficit hídrico intermitente e níveis de sombreamento e a influência do sombreamento sobre o potencial de recuperação após suspensão das condições de estresse. As mudas foram submetidas a três níveis de sombreamento (0, 30 e 70%), seis períodos de avaliação (início: 0 dias; 1ª e 2ª fotossíntese zero: 1ª e 2ª P0; 1ª e 2ª recuperação: 1ª e 2ª REC; e final), e duas formas de irrigação (controle: periodicamente irrigado para manter 70% da capacidade de retenção de água do substrato, e irrigação intermitente: suspensão da irrigação). As plantas submetidas às condições de irrigação intermitente a 0% de sombreamento apresentaram redução do potencial hídrico (Ψw) e eficiência quântica potencial do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm) e máxima eficiência do processo fotoquímico (Fv/F0) e aumento da produção quantica basal dos processos não fotoquímicos (F0/Fm). A atividade da superóxido dismutase (SOD) foi maior nas folhas do que nas raízes. C. xanthocarpa é uma espécie sensível ao déficit hídrico, mas apresenta estratégias para se adaptar a um ambiente com restrição hídrica temporária, sendo mais eficientes sob sombreamento. As mudas com déficit hídrico em todos os níveis de sombreamento exibiram maior atividade antioxidante protetora e menor qualidade no sombreamento 0%. O sombreamento minimiza danos permanentes ao fotossistema II e após a re-irrigação, as características avaliadas apresentaram recuperação em relação ao grupo controle, exceto atividades de POD e SOD nas folhas.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the activity of antioxidant enzymes, the functioning of the photosystem II and quality of C. xanthocarpa seedlings cultivated under intermittent water deficit and shading levels and the influence of shading on recovery potential after suspension of the stress conditions. The seedlings were subjected to three levels of shading (0, 30, and 70%), six periods of evaluation (start: 0 days; 1st and 2nd photosynthesis zero: 1st and 2nd P0; 1st and 2nd recovery: 1stand 2nd REC; and END), and two forms of irrigation (control: periodically irrigated to maintain 70% substrate water retention capacity, and intermittent irrigation: suspension of irrigation). The plants subjected to intermittent irrigation conditions at 0% shading showed a reduction in water potential (Ψw) and potential quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and maximum efficiency of the photochemical process (Fv/F0) and an increase in basal quantum production of the non-photochemical processes (F0/Fm). Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was higher in the leaves than in the roots. The C. xanthocarpa is a species sensitive to water deficit but presents strategies to adapt to an environment under temporary water restriction, which are more temporary are most efficient under shading. The seedlings with water deficit at all levels of shading exhibited higher protective antioxidant activity and lower quality at 0% shading. The shading minimizes prevents permanent damage to the photosystem II and after the re-irrigation, the evaluated characteristics showed recovery with respect to the control group, except POD and SOD activities in the leaves.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.244718 503 descargas

Brassavola tuberculata Hook.: in vitro growth and ex vitro establishment as a function of the micropropagation system and sucrose
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Soares, J. S.

; Ramos, J. C. M.

; Sorgato, J. C.

; Ribeiro, L. M.

; Reis, L. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e270892

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract This study examines the in vitro growth and ex vitro establishment of Brassavola tuberculata in relation to the micropropagation system and sucrose concentration employed in the in vitro culture. A completely randomized experimental design was utilized, employing a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement. The experimental period began with seedlings cultivated in vitro for 180 days, which were subsequently transferred to Murashige and Skoog culture media containing sucrose concentrations of 0, 15, 30, 45, or 60 g L-1. The cultures were subjected to two micropropagation systems: conventional and gas exchange. After 90 days of in vitro cultivation, the plants were evaluated, transplanted into a substrate, and placed in a screened nursery for ex vitro cultivation. After 300 days of ex vitro cultivation, the survival and initial characteristics of the plants were assessed. The micropropagation system allowing gas exchange and sucrose concentrations up to 30 g L-1 enhanced the shoot and root growth of in vitro propagated plants. No noticeable anatomical differences were observed after 90 days of in vitro culture among the different sucrose concentrations and micropropagation systems used. In the ex vitro establishment, irrespective of sucrose concentration, the micropropagation system facilitating gas exchange positively influenced all evaluated characteristics.

Resumo Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o crescimento in vitro e estabelecimento ex vitro de Brassavola tuberculata em função do sistema de micropropagação e da concentração de sacarose utilizados no cultivo in vitro. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado e os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial 2 x 5. Para o início do período experimental, foram utilizadas plântulas cultivadas in vitro por 180 dias, sendo transferidas para meios de cultivo Murashige e Skoog contendo 0, 15, 30, 45 ou 60 g L-1 de sacarose, e as culturas submetidas a dois sistemas de micropropagação: convencional ou com troca gasosa. Após 90 dias de cultivo in vitro, as plantas foram avaliadas e na sequência plantadas em substrato e acondicionadas em viveiro telado para o cultivo ex vitro. Após 300 dias de cultivo ex vitro, as plantas foram avaliadas quanto à sobrevivência e às mesmas características iniciais. A utilização do sistema de micropropagação que permite trocas gasosas, em conjunto com concentrações de sacarose de até 30 g L-1, proporcionou aumento no crescimento de parte aérea e do sistema radicular das plantas propagadas in vitro. As diferentes concentrações de sacarose e os sistemas de micropropagação utilizados não apresentaram diferenças anatômicas perceptíveis aos 90 dias de cultivo in vitro. Já no estabelecimento ex vitro, independente da utilização de sacarose, o sistema de micropropagação que permite trocas gasosas influenciou positivamente todas as características avaliadas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.270892

COMPARANDO A EFICIÊNCIA ANALÍTICA DAS TÉCNICAS FTIR, UV-VIS, CLAE-DAD E ESI(+)MS NO ESTUDO DE CORANTES ALIMENTARES
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Lyrio, Marcos V. V.

; Debona, Danieli G.

; Conceição, Nathália dos S.

; Gomes, Francisco M.

; Pereira, Alan R.

; Frizzera, Henrique A.

; Reis, Jessica L.

; Grecco, Taila T.

; Pires, Bruna C.

; Lacerda Jr., Valdemar

; Castro, Eustaquio V. R.

; Isidoro, Marsele M.

; Filgueiras, Paulo R.

; Romão, Wanderson

Química Nova

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2023, Volumen 46 Nº 5 Paginas 435 - 449

Resumen: Pt | Texto: Pt | PDF: Pt

Food additives are chemical substances added to improve organoleptic characteristics, in this context, there are several synthetic dyes, such as sunset yellow, tartrazine, erioglaucine, allura red, indigo carmine, and new coccine, that can also be identified through different analytical techniques such as infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectrophotometry, high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and mass spectrometry. Therefore, the objective of this work was to compare methods developed for different analytical techniques, in order to identify the one that presents greater efficiency in certain applications. For this, the patterns of the dyes were analyzed, as well as their mixtures and foods that had them. As a result, the CLAE-DAD presents excellent selectivity and linearity of the calibration curves, but it presents higher LD and LQ values when compared to the UV-Vis, in turn the infrared provides information regarding functional groups and bonds. Mass spectrometry showed great capabilities in identifying the molecular formula and better selectivity in the absence of the erioglaucine dye. It is not feasible to indicate the best or worst analytical approach, but it is possible to point out which one is more suitable for each application. Regarding the quantification capacity, chromatography and UV-Vis are good alternatives, but in mixtures containing more than one dye, CLAE-DAD is more suitable due to the better selectivity. Regarding the identification capacity, mass spectrometry, especially FT-ICR MS, is the most appropriate technique to propose molecular formulas due to its high resolution and mass accuracy. The advantage of FTIR was the easier sample preparation, being able to analyze the dyes in the solid state.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230037

Effects of atmospheric low-level jets on the mixing process of a large tropical reservoir
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REIS, ANDRÉ L.

; PACHECO, FELIPE S.

; PIMENTA, FELIPE M.

; PASSOS, ROBSON B.

; FISCH, GILBERTO

; MENDONÇA, JOSÉ C.

; ASSIREU, ARCILAN T.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 3 elocation e20211594

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Changes in the physical and biogeochemical properties of water columns are frequently associated with cold fronts and mesoscale convective systems due to increased cloud cover. The effects of low-level jet (LLJ) events on thermal stratification and water quality, however, remain undescribed, particularly for tropical reservoirs. Here, water temperature time series are combined with meteorological data, LIDAR observations, ERA5 reanalysis data, and hydrodynamical modeling to investigate the impact of an event of LLJ over the Furnas hydropower reservoir in Brazil. The LLJ event was characterized by dry, intense, and persistent winds (~10 m s-1) blowing for more than 12 hours over the main fetch of the reservoir. In the downwind side of the lake, the surface mixed layer depth increased by 50% during the LLJ event. The changes to the water column were produced by a combination of wind-induced upwelling, shear-driven mixing, and nocturnal convective overturning, different from the heat balance expected during passing cold fronts and mesoscale convective systems. The results suggest that both momentum and heat fluxes during LLJ events need to be accounted for in lake modelings to reproduce the vertical mixing process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211594

10.

Calcium pyruvate in the attenuation of the water deficit on the agro-industrial quality of ratoon sugarcane
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Dias, M. S.

; Silva, F. A.

; Fernandes, P. D.

; Farias, C. H. A.

; Silva, I. J.

; Silva, M. F. C.

; Lima, R. F.

; Lacerda, C. N.

; Lima, A. M.

; Lima, V. R. N.

; Silva, A. A. R.

; Reis, L. S.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e275046

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Sugarcane is one of the largest agricultural commodities when considering the export volume and the number of jobs generated. Sugarcane production in the Brazilian Northeast region is generally low due to several factors, including the irregular rainfall distribution, which highlights the importance of studies aimed at mitigating the deleterious effects of water stress. In this scenario, this study aimed to evaluate calcium pyruvate as a water deficit attenuator on the agro-industrial quality of sugarcane in the second cycle of cultivation. The experiment was conducted out under greenhouse conditions of the Federal University of Campina Grande, where five sugarcane commercial genotypes tested (G1- RB863129, G2- RB92579, G3- RB962962, G4- RB021754, and G5- RB041443) and three irrigation management strategies (E1- full irrigation, E2- water deficit with application of 30 mM of calcium pyruvate, and E3- water deficit without calcium pyruvate application), distributed in randomized blocks in 5 × 3 factorial arrangement with three replications. The RB021754 genotype under water deficit and without foliar application of calcium pyruvate increased the fiber content (13.2%) and the sugarcane moist cake weight (143.5 g). The effects of water deficit in sugarcane genotypes are attenuated by the exogenous application of 30 mM of calcium pyruvate, with benefits on the polarized sucrose content, apparent sucrose content of the juice, soluble solids content, purity, corrected cane POL, total recoverable sugars, and stem mass in relation to plants under water deficit without calcium pyruvate application.

Resumo A cana-de-açúcar é uma das maiores commodities agrícolas, quando se considera o volume de exportação e o número de empregos gerados. A produção no Nordeste brasileiro, em geral, é baixa, decorrente de diversos fatores, entre eles, a irregularidade de distribuição das chuvas, o que realça a importância de estudos com vistas a minorar os efeitos deletérios do estresse hídrico. Nesse cenário, objetivou-se avaliar o piruvato de cálcio como atenuante do déficit hídrico sobre a qualidade agroindustrial da cana-de-açúcar no segundo ciclo de cultivo. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, onde foram testados cinco genótipos de cana-de-açúcar (G1- RB863129, G2- RB92579, G3- RB962962, G4- RB021754 e G5- RB041443) submetidos a três estratégias de manejo da irrigação (E1- Irrigação plena, E2- déficit hídrico com aplicação de 30 mM de piruvato de cálcio e E3- déficit hídrico sem aplicação de piruvato de cálcio), distribuídos em blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 × 3, com três repetições. O genótipo RB021754 sob déficit hídrico e sem aplicação foliar do piruvato de cálcio aumentou o teor de fibra (13,2%) e o peso do bolo úmido da cana (143,5 g). Os efeitos do déficit hídrico em genótipos de cana-de-açúcar são atenuados com aplicação exógena de 30 mM de piruvato de cálcio, com benefícios sobre o teor sacarose polarizada, teor de sacarose aparente do caldo, teor de sólidos solúveis, pureza, pol da cana corrigida, açúcares totais recuperáveis e massa de colmos, em relação as plantas sob déficit hídrico sem aplicação de piruvato de cálcio.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275046

11.

Effects of previous infestation with Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 on the resistance to Chrysodeixis includens in Bt and non-Bt soybean plants
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Costa, E. N.

; Fernandes, M. G.

; Reis, L. C.

; Foresti, A. C.

; Martins, L. O.

; Scalon, S. P. Q.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e277899

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Transgenic Bt soybean plants have been developed to control insect pests, such as Anticarsia gemmatalis and Chrysodeixis includens. This objective has been achieved successfully; however, recently, some authors claimed that Bt soybean plants have been more susceptible than non-Bt soybean to Bemisia tabaci MEAM1. In addition, it is unknown whether Bt soybean plants infested by B. tabaci become less resistant to target pests. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate: (i) whether the previous infestation with B. tabaci can compromise Bt and non-Bt soybean resistance to C. includens; (ii) the effects of B. tabaci infestations on Bt and non-Bt soybean plant growth; and (iii) whether B. tabaci feeding reduces contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids of soybean plants. Bt and non-Bt soybean plants pre-infested with B. tabaci showed no changes in resistance to C. includens. Bt soybean plants infested with B. tabaci showed a lower plant height than uninfested plants. Differently, non-Bt soybean plants exhibited no reduction in plant growth due to B. tabaci feeding. Bt soybean plants suffered a reduction in dry matter only under double infestation (B. tabaci and C. includens), while non-Bt soybean plants experienced reduction in dry matter when infested with B. tabaci and C. includens or by C. includens only. B. tabaci feeding did not alter contents of chlorophyll and carotenoids, and perhaps the reduction in plant growth was related to salivary toxins. Concluding, both Bt and non-Bt soybean plants were susceptible to B. tabaci feeding, evidencing necessity of developing soybean cultivars resistant to B. tabaci.

Resumo A soja Bt (transgênica) foi desenvolvida para controlar insetos-praga como Anticarsia gemmatalis e Chrysodeixis includens. Este objetivo foi alcançado com sucesso; no entanto, recentemente, alguns autores afirmaram que as plantas de soja Bt têm sido mais suscetíveis do que a soja não-Bt a Bemisia tabaci MEAM1. Além disso, não se sabe se plantas de soja Bt infestadas por B. tabaci tornam-se menos resistentes às pragas-alvo. Portanto, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar: (i) se a infestação prévia de B. tabaci pode comprometer a resistência da soja Bt e não Bt a C. includens; (ii) os efeitos de infestações de B. tabaci no crescimento de plantas de soja Bt e não Bt; e (iii) se a alimentação de B. tabaci reduz os teores de clorofila e carotenoides das plantas de soja. Plantas de soja Bt e não Bt pré-infestadas com B. tabaci não apresentaram alterações na resistência a C. includens. Plantas de soja Bt infestadas com B. tabaci apresentaram menor altura de planta do que plantas não infestadas. Diferentemente, as plantas de soja não-Bt não apresentaram redução no crescimento das plantas devido à alimentação de B. tabaci. Plantas de soja Bt sofreram redução de matéria seca apenas sob infestação dupla (B. tabaci e C. includens), enquanto plantas de soja não Bt apresentaram redução de matéria seca quando infestadas por B. tabaci e C. includens ou apenas por C. includens. A alimentação de B. tabaci não alterou os teores de clorofila e carotenoides, e talvez a redução no crescimento da planta esteja relacionada a toxinas salivares. Concluindo, tanto as plantas de soja Bt quanto as não-Bt foram suscetíveis à alimentação de B. tabaci, evidenciando a necessidade do desenvolvimento de cultivares de soja resistentes a B. tabaci.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.277899

12.

Selecting tropical wheat genotypes through combining ability analysis
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SILVA, CAIQUE MACHADO E

; NARDINO, MAICON

; MEZZOMO, HENRIQUE C.

; CASAGRANDE, CLEITON RENATO

; LIMA, GABRIEL W.

; SIGNORINI, VICTOR S.

; FREITAS, DAVI S. DE

; BATISTA, CLÁUDIO V.

; REIS, EDÉSIO F. DOS

; BHERING, LEONARDO L.

; OLIVEIRA, ALUÍZIO B. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Supl. 2 elocation e20220760

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The selection of parents to originate promising base populations, as well as the knowledge of the gene effects controlling agronomic traits by means of diallel, are useful to drive genetic gains in Brazilian tropical wheat breeding programs. The goals of this study were to select tropical wheat parents with a high frequency of favorable alleles and segregating populations with high potential to originate superior progenies through partial diallel analysis. Thus, 14 parents were divided in two groups and crossed in a 7 × 7 partial diallel scheme to originate 49 F1 combinations. After obtaining F2 generation, the populations and the parents were evaluated in the field in the summer of 2021. Days for heading, plant height, rust and yellow spot resistance, and grain yield were evaluated. The data were subjected to partial diallel analysis. There were significant effects of general combining ability for all traits. The specific combining ability effect was significant for days for heading and plant height. The additive gene effects were predominant over the non-additive ones. The parents with the highest frequency of favorable alleles for the traits evaluated were selected in each group. Four populations with high genetic potential to originate superior progenies were selected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220760

13.

Assessment of morphophysiological and genotypic diversity of endophytic bacteria isolated from rice (Oryza sativa L.) plants
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Leonardo-Silva, Lucas

; Silva, Larissa B. da

; Ferreira, Enderson P. de B.

; Reis, Karina F. D. N. S. dos

; Naves, Plínio L. F.

; Martin-Didonet, Claudia C. G.

Revista Caatinga

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2023, Volumen 36 Nº 4 Paginas 775 - 784

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Rice production in Brazil incurs high costs due to the significant use of agrochemicals. Some plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be used as alternative to fertilizers and phytosanitary products. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from roots of rice plants. The isolates were characterized based on colony morphology, antibiotic resistance, carbon sources utilization, enzyme activity (catalase, amylase, protease, cellulase, and lipase), inorganic phosphate solubilization, and the 16S-23S rDNA intergenic region. Morphologically, 68% of the isolates presented a rapid growth rate, 46% presented abundant mucus production, and 77% formed viscous colonies. All isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and 16% presented resistance to streptomycin. The majority (90%) used monosaccharides and disaccharides in carbon source assays. Most of the isolates (95%) were positive for catalase and 63.6% were positive for amylase, protease, lipase, and cellulase activities. Additionally, 59% of them were able to solubilize phosphate. The mean enzymatic index for amylase, cellulase, and protease was 2.8, 3.5, and 1.7 respectively. The similarity analysis revealed high diversity among the isolates, with similarity indices of 70% (based on morphological characteristics) and 60% (based on the intergenic region 16S-23S rDNA). Considering morphophysiological and genotypic characteristics, three promising isolates should be evaluated in studies under field conditions for the potential development of bioproducts to replace industrially manufactured inputs in rice crops.

RESUMO O arroz apresenta altos custos de produção no Brasil devido ao elevado uso de agroquímicos. Algumas rizobactérias promotoras de crescimento de plantas (PGPR) podem ser utilizadas como alternativa aos fertilizantes e produtos fitossanitários. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar bactérias endofíticas obtidas de raízes de arroz. A caracterização dos isolados foi baseada na morfologia da colônia, resistência a antibióticos, uso de fontes de carbono, atividade enzimática (catalase, amilase, protease, celulase e lipase), solubilização de fosfato inorgânico e região intergênica do 16S-23S rDNA. Com base na morfologia, 68% dos isolados apresentaram crescimento rápido, 46% apresentaram produção abundante de muco e 77% apresentaram colônia viscosa. Todos os isolados foram resistentes ao ácido nalidíxico e 16% deles à estreptomicina. A maioria dos isolados (90%) utilizou monossacarídeos e dissacarídeos no ensaio da fonte de carbono. A maioria dos isolados (95%) foi positiva para catalase e 63,6% foram positivas para amilase, protease, lipase e celulase. Além disso, 59% foram capazes de solubilizar o fosfato. A média do índice enzimático para amilase, celulase e protease foi de 2,8, 3,5 e 1,7, respectivamente. A análise de similaridade revelou alta diversidade entre os isolados, com índice de similaridade de 70% (baseado nas características morfológicas) e 60% (baseado na análise da região intergênica 16S-23S rDNA). Com base nas características morfofisiológicas e genotípicas, três isolados promissores devem ser avaliados em estudos futuros em condições de campo, podendo gerar bioprodutos destinados a substituir insumos industrializados na cultura do arroz.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n405rc

14.

Incontinence after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: a reverse systematic review
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Azal Neto, Wilmar

; Capibaribe, Diego M.

; Col, Luciana S. B. Dal

; Andrade, Danilo L.

; Moretti, Tomas B. C.

; Reis, Leonardo O.

International braz j urol

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Jun 2022, Volumen 48 Nº 3 Paginas 389 - 396

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Purpose: To report the prevalence of the definitions used to identify post-prostatectomy incontinence (PPI) after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP), and to compare the rates of PPI over time under different criteria. Materials and Methods: In the period from January 1, 2000, until December 31, 2017, we used a recently described methodology to perform evidence acquisition called reverse systematic review (RSR). The continence definition and rates were evaluated and compared at 1, 3, 6, 12, and >18 months post-operative. Moreover, the RSR showed the “natural history” of PPI after LRP. Results: We identified 353 review articles in the systematized search, 137 studies about PPI were selected for data collection, and finally were included 203 reports (nr) with 51.436 patients. The most used criterion of continence was No pad (nr=121; 59.6%), the second one was Safety pad (nr=57; 28.1%). A statistically significant difference between continence criteria was identified only at >18 months (p=0.044). From 2013 until the end of our analysis, the Safety pad and Others became the most reported. Conclusion: RSR revealed the “natural history” of PPI after the LRP technique, and showed that through time the Safety pad concept was mainly used. However, paradoxically, we demonstrated that the two most utilized criteria, Safety pad and No pad, had similar PPI outcomes. Further effort should be made to standardize the PPI denomination to evaluate, compare and discuss the urinary post-operatory function.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2021.0632

15.

Perception of castration value over cost in the metastatic prostate cancer scenario: a contemporary pharmacoeconomic perspective
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Col, Luciana Saboya Brito Dal

; Andrade, Danilo L.

; Gon, Lucas M.

; Capibaribe, Diego M.

; Amaro, Marcelo P.

; Truzzi, Natássia C. C.

; Malkomes, Barbara R.

; Reis, Leonardo O.

International braz j urol

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Ene 2022, Volumen 48 Nº 1 Paginas 175 - 179

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2021.0258

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