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1.
Food capture and escape behavior of Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824 (Squamata: Amphisbaenia)
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Resumo Anfisbênas são répteis fossoriais caracterizadas por apresentarem corpo cilíndrico e alongado coberto por escamas dispostas exclusivamente em anéis e todas são ápodas, com exceção das três espécies do gênero Bipes. Sua dieta consiste em uma variedade de invertebrados e pequenos vertebrados. Por viverem no subsolo, muitos aspectos de sua história natural são difíceis de observar. A maioria dos estudos sobre alimentação em anfisbenas concentra-se na dieta e na ecologia alimentar, enquanto as informações sobre o comportamento alimentar se baseiam em observações preliminares. O objetivo deste artigo foi descrever o comportamento de captura de alimentos exibido por Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824, fora da galeria, em cativeiro. Para o experimento foi utilizada uma isca não viva, ração úmida de gato, que foi oferecida e posicionada próxima a uma das aberturas da galeria, na superfície do solo. Um total de três animais foi analisadopor meio de observações visuais e registros de câmeras de telefones celulares posicionadas em um ponto fixo, captando imagens de suas vistas dorsal e lateral. Foram detectados dois tipos principais de comportamento: captura de recursos alimentares e mecanismo de defesa. As estratégias utilizadas para capturar o recurso alimentar foram semelhantes às observadas em outras espécies fossoriais. Embora o movimento de “marcha-à-ré” tenha sido observado e descrito, o registramos sendo usado como uma estratégia de fuga. Esses resultados contribuem para enriquecer o conhecimento sobre diferentes aspectos da história natural dos Amphisbaenia.
Abstract Amphisbaenians are fossorial reptiles that have a cylindrical and elongated body covered with scales arranged in rings, and are all apodal, except for the three species of the genus Bipes. The amphisbaenian diet consists of a variety of invertebrates and small vertebrates. As these animals live underground, many aspects of their natural history are difficult to study. Most feeding studies of amphisbaenians have focused on the composition of the diet and feeding ecology, and the data available on feeding behavior are based on precursory observations. The present study describes the food capture behavior of Leposternon microcephalum Wagler, 1824 in captivity. In this experiment we used non-live bait (moist cat food), which was placed near a burrow opening, on the surface of the substrate. Three animals were monitored visually and filmed using cellphone cameras deployed at fixed points, to capture images from the dorsal and lateral perspectives of the study subjects. Two principal types of behavior were observed: the capture of food and defense mechanisms. The strategies used to capture the food were similar to those observed in other fossorial species. Although the backward movement has already been observed and described, we were able to record this movement being used as an escape strategy. These findings enrich our knowledge on different aspects of the natural history of the amphisbaenians.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.251255
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2.
Animal hoarding: a systematic review
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Stumpf, Bárbara Perdigão
; Calácio, Bárbara
; Branco, Beatriz Castello
; Wilnes, Bruno
; Soier, Graziella
; Soares, Lívia
; Diamante, Lucas
; Cappi, Carolina
; Lima, Monicke O.
; Rocha, Fábio Lopes
; Fontenelle, Leonardo F.
; Barbosa, Izabela Guimarães
.
Objectives: Animal hoarding is a special manifestation of hoarding disorder, characterized by the accumulation of animals and failure to provide them with minimal care. The main objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the characteristics of animal hoarding, focusing on the profile of affected individuals and the features of accumulation behavior. Methods: A systematic search of the literature was conducted in the electronic databases MEDLINE, Scopus, and LILACS until October 2022. We included case series (n ≥ 10) and cross-sectional studies assessing animal hoarding. Results: A total of 374 studies were initially retrieved. Most studies were classified as having poor quality and significant risk of bias. A total of 538 individuals with animal hoarding were evaluated. These individuals were predominantly middle-aged, unmarried women who lived alone in urban areas. Most of their residences had unsanitary conditions. Recidivism rates varied from 13-41%. Cats and dogs were the main hoarded species, mostly acquired through unplanned breeding, and disease, injury, behavioral problems, and a lack of hygiene were characreristic of their condition. Animal carcasses were found in up to 60% of the properties. Conclusion: Animal hoarding is a complex condition that requires urgent attention. More research is necessary to develop effective strategies that can save community resources, improve animal and human welfare, and prevent recidivism.
3.
Reaching Circular Economy through Circular Chemistry: The Basis for Sustainable Development
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Guarieiro, Lilian L. N.
; Rezende, Michelle J. C.
; Barbosa, Willams T.
; Rocha, Gisele O. da
; Pereira, Pedro Afonso P.
; Fernandes, Daniella R.
; Lopes, Wilson A.
; Mota, Claudio J. A.
; Andrade, Jailson B. de
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
Circular chemistry (CC) is an approach for establishing chemical processes to become truly circular and sustainable. It adopts the principles of circular economy (CE), employing life cycle approaches and systems thinking, which help to understand and address the sustainability issues of chemical processes and products. Within this whole context, it is possible to identify some problems of the current lifestyle, such as plastic waste disposal, CO2 emission, e-waste, among others, which need to be addressed accordingly. The reuse provided, well-structured within the context of circular chemistry, can bring benefits in all spheres: social, environmental and economic. Thus, the purpose of this revision is to present CE and CC as the pillars for a sustainable development, bringing discussions about: CE and CC systems; sustainable chemistry; and chemistry 4.0, which embeds digitization, sustainability, and circular economy in industrial chemical processes. Through the knowledge of chemistry, both CC and CE can contribute with innovative methods and processes which maximize benefits, eliminating, or, at least, reducing adverse impacts, thus contributing to construct a mutually beneficial relationship between science and society, its surroundings, and the environment. Therefore, implementing this new model is an opportunity that challenges the human imagination in building a better world.
4.
Use of a Portable Microscope Combined with a Smartphone to Determine the Authenticity of Brazilian Banknotes and National Driver’s Licenses
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Costa, Rayana A.
; Vittorazzi, Bruno V.
; Barbosa, Amanda P.
; Rocha, Victória B. da
; Brandão, Jandira M. O. B.
; Lacerda Jr., Valdemar
; Filgueiras, Paulo R.
; Romão, Wanderson
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
This study proposed using a portable microscope combined with a smartphone and application (PhotoMetrix® application) to evaluate the authenticity of Brazilian banknotes (R$50 and R$100) and national driver’s licenses (NDL) through image acquisition (Samsung S7) and chemometric treatment (principal component analysis (PCA)). Six regions of the banknote were analyzed: holographic band; lower and upper tactile regions containing the number referring to the value of the note; microprints above the effigy (obverse); and numbers and the surroundings of the animal formed by microprints (reverse). For NDLs, the regions were the following: the coat of arms of the republic; the state map with microprints; optical ink variation; distorted positive microletters with technical failure; negative guilloche; typographic numbering; micro letter wire; and region with line printing. For the chemometric study with Photometrix®, we selected a region of interest (ROI) of 32 × 32 and 64 × 64 pixels with autoscaled data using the channels red (R), green (G), blue (B), hue (H), saturation (S), value (V), lightness (L) and intensity (I). We obtained excellent results for differentiating banknotes and NDLs, both by visual and chemometric analyses (PCA). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of using a portable microscope and a smartphone as a portable forensic tool that is fast, robust, low-cost and reliable.
5.
Validation and Application of a Methodology for Quantifying Levels of Parabens in Sports Supplements from Brazil Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
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Rocha, Bruno A.
; Cesila, Cibele A.
; Martins, Airton C.
; Souza, Marília C. O.
; Barbosa Jr., Fernando
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
Although parabens have been reported to be used as antimicrobial preservatives in personal care products, pharmaceuticals, and foodstuffs, little is known about the occurrence of these compounds in sports supplements. In this study, a simple, fast and sensitive liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous determination of five commonly used parabens, methyl-, ethyl-, propyl-, butyl-, and benzylparaben in sports supplements was established. The analytical method was validated with the values of parameters being acceptable. The method proved reliable, accurate, and sensitive and was successfully applied for the quantitation of parabens in 85 sports supplements samples. Almost all sports supplements contained at least one of the parabens analyzed, and the total concentrations of five parabens ranged from below the limit of quantification to 145 μg g-1, with a median value of 0.171 μg g-1. Ethylparaben and methylparaben were the most frequent paraben analogs found in samples (detection rate > 60%). Propylparaben, butylparaben and benzylparaben are forbidden in food samples, their detection rates were 49.4, 21.2 and 4.7%, respectively. Therefore, our study suggests that Brazilian population may be exposed to estrogenic not allowed parabens and their harmful effects through the intake of sports food supplements.
6.
Nitrogen Oxides Levels in the Atmosphere of Different Brazilian Urban Centers, by Passive Sampling
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Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
Urban air pollution is still an emerging environmental problem, it causes damage to health and is difficult to be controlled in urban centers. The population of large metropolises is often exposed to concentrations of nitrogen oxides (NOx), mainly due to vehicle emissions. Epidemiological studies claim that exposure to these oxides is strongly correlated with the incidence of different types of cancer. This work evaluated the impact of NOx emissions on the air quality of five Brazilian urban centers, using passive sampling. The NO/NO2 ratio indicated photochemical aging in the atmosphere of all the cities studied. Although there has been a predominant trend towards decreasing of nitrogen oxides concentrations in many locations, average annual values > 40 μg m−3 NO2 have been found, in Brazil as well as other parts of the world, what indicates the need to control air pollution in these areas.
7.
Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory aspects of Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection: an integrative review
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Carvalho, M. S. N.
; Carvalho, M. R.
; Santos, J. A. O.
; Barbosa, N. D.
; Melo, L. C.
; Costa, F. H. M.
; Carvalho, J. P. F.
; Messias, H. B. G.
; Fonseca, S. A.
; Souza, M. A.
; Ferreira-Júnior, G. C.
; Lima, R. F.
; Costa, J. G.
; Cavalcanti, M. G. S.
; Matos-Rocha, T. J.
.
Resumo Este estudo de revisão integrativa da literatura analisa os achados dos últimos 5 anos do parasita Angiostrongylus cantonensis. Sabe-se que esse nematoide é encontrado nas artérias pulmonares de ratos, onde permanece como hospedeiro definitivo. Dos camundongos, o ciclo se espalha para os animais, como os caracóis, que em contato com humanos podem desencadear a doença. Em humanos, o parasita causa diversas manifestações neurológicas, abdominais e principalmente meningite. Com base na revisão de estudos, sua epidemiologia mostra distribuição mundial, embora existam casos endêmicos para esse parasito, como países asiáticos. Os achados laboratoriais geralmente mostraram LCR alterado com turbidez, aumento de proteínas e eosinofilia, o que gerou sinais meníngeos nos pacientes, além disso, os exames de ressonância magnética mostraram múltiplas alterações. Foram relatados achados raros do nematoide no globo ocular, pulmão e sinais de inflamação peritoneal, o que requer mais estudos para o entendimento de toda a fisiopatologia. Por fim, o tratamento conservador à base de anti-helmínticos e anti-inflamatórios trouxe boas respostas, embora haja relatos de óbitos, o que demonstra a importância na prevenção e terapia dessa doença.
Abstract This integrative literature review study analyzes the findings of the last 5 years of the parasite Angiostrongylus cantonensis. It is known that this nematode is found in the pulmonary arteries of rats, where it remains as a definitive host. From mice, the cycle spreads to animals, such as snails, which in contact with humans can trigger the disease. In humans, the parasite causes several neurological, abdominal manifestations and mainly meningitis. Based on the review of studies, its epidemiology shows worldwide distribution, although there are endemic cases for this parasite, such as asian countries. Laboratory findings generally showed altered CSF with turbidity, increased protein and eosinophilia, which generated meningeal signs in the patient, moreover MRI exams showed multiple alterations. Rare findings of the nematode in the eyeball, lung and signs of peritoneal inflammation were reported, which requires further studies to understand the whole pathophysiology. Finally, conservative treatment based on anthelmintics and anti-inflammatories brought good responses, although there are reports of deaths, which demonstrates the importance in the prevention and therapy of this disease.
8.
Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, DFT Calculations and Preliminary Antifungal Activity of New Piperine Derivatives
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Souza Jr., Joselito S.
; Martins, Evandro P. S.
; Souza, Helivaldo D. S.
; Oliveira, Rafael F. de
; Alves, Francinara S.
; Lima, Edeltrudes O.
; Cordeiro, Laísa V.
; Trindade, Emmely O.
; Lira, Bruno F.
; Rocha, Gerd B.
; Athayde-Filho, Petronio F. de
; Barbosa-Filho, José M.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
Four new piperine derivatives, PC1-PC4, were synthesized, and their structures were fully characterized by infrared (IR) and 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. Quantum chemical calculations were performed using density functional theory (DFT) with the B3LYP-D3/6-31G(d,p) and 6-311+G(2d,p) basis sets. Electronic properties, such as the energy gap between the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) and some global chemical reactivity descriptors, were evaluated to study the reactivity and stability of the compounds. 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts were calculated by using the gauge-invariant atomic orbital (GIAO) method and compared with experimental values. In addition, the compounds were evaluated in an antifungal study against Candida, Trichophyton and Microsporum strains, and only PC4 showed 70% inhibition in ten tested strains, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 1.23-2.46 μmol mL-1 and a minimum fungicide concentration (MFC) ranging from 9.84-19.68 μmol mL-1, and presented a fungistatic effect.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200203
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9.
Synthesis, in silico Study, Theoretical Stereochemistry Elucidation and Antifungal Activity of New Imides Derived from Safrole
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Vilela, Raquel F.
; Costa, Normando A. S.
; Souza, Helivaldo D. S.
; Cruz, Luiz E. G.
; Assis, Kelyonara M. S. de
; Lima, Edeltrudes O.
; Cordeiro, Laísa V.
; Lira, Bruno F.
; Athayde-Filho, Petronio F. de
; Rocha, Gerd B.
; Barbosa-Filho, José M.
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
Ten imides derived from safrole, 4a-4j, were synthesized and their structures were fully characterized by infrared (IR) spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and high resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) analysis. Among the ten imides studied, eight are new. The compounds were evaluated in an in silico study and showed strong to moderate antifungal activity against various strains of Candida and Cryptococcus. In particular, compounds 4b, 4c and 4h exhibited strong antifungal activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) between 0.17-0.73 µmol mL-1. The compound 4j exhibited antifungal activity with MIC 1.28 µmol mL-1 for all strains tested. In silico studies of the parameters of Lipinski’s rule of five indicated that these compounds are potential new drug candidates. The predict oral bioavailability can be evaluated through these parameters. In addition, a computational study helped assigning the stereochemistry of compound 4j, where the synthesized mixture is composed by two stereoisomers, 4j(1) (SRR) and 4j(2) (RSS).
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200110
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10.
Determination of Bisphenol A in Paper Products by Synchronous Fluorescence Spectoscopy and Estimation of Daily Exposure
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Gallimberti, Matheus
; Rocha, Bruno A.
; Souza, Vanessa C. O.
; Campiglia, Andres D.
; Barbosa Jr, Fernando
.
Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
- Métricas del periódico
In this study, a simple and fast procedure was developed and validated for the determination of bisphenol A (BPA) in paper products using synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy. The method was used for the determination of BPA in thirteen types of paper products, including thermal receipt papers, lottery tickets, bus tickets, business cards, mailing envelopes, flyers, napkins, printing paper, food contact paper, kitchen rolls, toilet paper, newspapers, and magazines. BPA was found in 98% of thermal receipt papers (n = 341) at concentrations ranging from below the limit of quantification (LOQ) to 27.7 mg g−1 with a geometric mean of 14.6 mg g−1 and a median of 17.7 mg g−1. The detection rate for other paper products was 96%, with BPA concentrations ranging from below the LOQ to 379 µg g−1 and a median of 17.3 µg g−1. The estimated daily intake for the adjusted bodyweight of BPA (calculated at median concentrations) through dermal absorption from handling papers was 14.5 and 1070 ng day−1 for the general population and occupationally-exposed individuals, respectively. The proposed analytical method is simple, fast, and cost-effective for the determination of BPA in paper samples. Moreover, an estimated daily exposure of Brazilians to BPA through dermal absorption from handling different types of papers is shown.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200117
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11.
Evaluation of methods for the quantification of ether extract contents in forage and cattle feces
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BARBOSA, MARCÍLIA M.
; DETMANN, EDENIO
; VALADARES FILHO, SEBASTIÃO C.
; DETMANN, KELLY S.C.
; FRANCO, MARCIA O.
; BATISTA, ERICK D.
; ROCHA, GABRIEL C.
.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
- Métricas del periódico
ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare the estimates of ether extract (EE) contents obtained by the Randall method and by the high-temperature method of the American Oil Chemist's Society (AOCS; Am 5-04) in forages (n = 20) and cattle feces (n = 15). The EE contents were quantified by using the Randall extraction or AOCS method and XT4 filter bags or cartridges made of qualitative filter paper (80 g/m²) as containers for the samples. It was also evaluated the loss of particles, and concentration of residual chlorophyll after extraction and the recovery of protein and minerals in the material subjected to extraction. Significant interaction was observed between extraction method and material for EE contents. The EE estimates using the AOCS method were higher, mainly in forages. No loss of particles was observed with different containers. The chlorophyll contents in the residues of cattle feces were not affected by the extraction method; however, residual chlorophyll was lower using the AOCS method in forages. There was complete recovery of the protein and ash after extraction. The results suggest that AOCS method produces higher estimates of EE contents in forages and cattle feces, possibly by providing greater extraction of non-fatty EE.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720160708
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12.
Scientific Performance of Brazilian Researchers in Pharmacology with grants from CNPq: A comparative study within the Brazilian categories
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KAMDEM, JEAN P.
; ABOLAJI, AMOS O.
; ROOS, DANIEL H.
; CALABRÓ, LUCIANA
; BARBOSA, NILDA V.
; SOUZA, DIOGO O.
; ROCHA, JOÃO BATISTA T.
.
Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências
- Métricas del periódico
RESUMO No Brasil, o desempenho científico dos pesquisadores é um dos critérios importantes para a tomada de decisões na concessão de bolsas. Neste contexto, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar e comparar o perfil de 82 pesquisadores sêniors (nível 1A-D), os quais recebem bolsa de produtividade CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico) em Farmacologia, analisando o padrão de citações de seus artigos e o índice h. O número total de documentos, citações (com e sem autocitação) e o índice h (com e sem autocitação) foram extraídos do banco de dados Scopus. Os resultados obtidos indicaram uma diferença nítida entre os pesquisadores de alta categoria (1A e 1B) na maioria dos parâmetros analisados. No entanto, não houve uma diferença notável entre os pesquisadores das categorias 1C e 1D. Os resultados obtidos podem informar a comunidade científica e as agências de fomento sobre o perfil dos bolsistas PQ 1(A-D) em Farmacologia. E podem ajudar a definir novos critérios de diferenciação entre as categorias de bolsas de produtividade, e consequentemente, uma melhor alocação de bolsas.
ABSTRACT In Brazil, scientific performance of researchers is one important criteria for decision-making in grant allocation. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate and compare the profile of 82 seniors' investigators (graded as level 1A-D) which were receiving CNPq (National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) productivity grant in Pharmacology, by analyzing the pattern of citation of their papers and h-index. Total documents, citations (with and without self-citations) and h-index (with and without self-citations) were retrieved from the Scopus database. The results indicated a clear difference among researchers from the higher categories (1A and 1B) in most of the parameters analyzed. However, no noticeable differentiation was found between researchers from grant category 1C and 1D. The results presented here may inform the scientific community and the grant agencies on the profile of PQ 1(A-D) fellows of Pharmacology, and may help to define new differences within CNPq grant categories, and consequently, a better allocation of grants.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150534
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13.
Bionomy of two flies of sanitary and forensic importance: Peckia (Sarcodexia) lambens (Wiedemann) and Oxysarcodexia amorosa (Schiner) (Diptera, Sarcophagidae)
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Xavier, Alexandre da Silva
; Barbosa, Rodrigo Rocha
; Barbosa, Celso Guimarães
; Queiroz, Margareth Maria de Carvalho
.
Revista Brasileira de Entomologia
- Métricas del periódico
ABSTRACTThis study aims to elucidate the bionomy of Peckia(Sarcodexia) lambens and Oxysarcodexia amorosa to provide data for medical, veterinary and forensic entomology analyses. We analyzed larval stage duration (L1–L3), weight of the mature larvae (L3), pupal stage duration, L1–adult duration, adult emergence and viability of larvae and adults of both species. Larval viability of P. (S.) lambens was 82% and the mean duration of the larval stage was 3.51 ± 0.99 days. The mature larvae had a mean weight of 33.67 ± 7.13 mg. The mean duration of the pupal stage was 8.26 ± 0.93 days and the mean duration of the L1–adult was 11.53 ± 1.22 days. Mean lifespan for females and males was 39.33 ± 1.52 and 57.33 ± 4.72 days, respectively. Larval viability of O. amorosa was 76% and mean duration of larval stage was 3.51 ± 0.64 days. Mature larvae had a mean weight of 28.28 ± 3.38 mg. Mean duration of the pupal stage was 10.14 ± 0.63 days and mean duration of the L1–adult was 13.60 ± 0.69 days. Mean lifespan for females and males was 83.66 ± 15.94 and 84.00 ± 19.97 days, respectively. Oxysarcodexia amorosa showed a L1–adult stage longer than P. (S.) lambens; however both species showed low viability. O. amorosa laid more larvae than P. (S.) lambens, this fact may occur because O. amorosa had longer life duration.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbe.2015.06.002
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14.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
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.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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15.
Laboratory evaluation of the effects of essential oil of Myrciaria floribunda leaves on the development of Dysdercus peruvianus and Oncopeltus fasciatus
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Tietbohl, Luis A.C.
; Barbosa, Tarlile
; Fernandes, Caio P.
; Santos, Marcelo G.
; Machado, Francisco P.
; Santos, Karolina T.
; Mello, Cicero B.
; Araújo, Humberto P.
; Gonzalez, Marcelo S.
; Feder, Denise
; Rocha, Leandro
.
Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia
- Métricas del periódico
Myrciaria floribunda (H. West ex Willd.) O. Berg, Myrtaceae, is popularly known as "camboim-amarelo" and was collected at Restinga de Jurubatiba (RJ, Brazil). Leaves from this species were submitted to hydrodistillation to extract its essential oil. Monoterpenes were the main compounds found (53.9%), and 1,8-cineole was the major constituent (38.4%). Studies were carried out to evaluate the effects of this essential oil on the development of two species of agricultural pests (Oncopeltus fasciatus and Dysdercus peruvianus). The essential oil was considered effective against D. peruvianus and O. fasciatus, causing mortality in both insects. The LD50 values (µg/insect) observed were 112.44 µg/insect (O. fasciatus) and 309.64 µg/insect (D. peruvianus) after one day of treatment, and 72.18 µg/insect (O. fasciatus) and 94.42 µg/insect (D. peruvianus) after 22 days of treatment. The present study reports for the first time the bioinsecticidal activity of essential oil of Myrciaria floribunda leaves, and provides important data regarding the use of essential oils in complementary programs for pest control.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2014.07.009
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