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Resumo Com o crescente interesse no seu cultivo, estudos na produção de pitaya ((Selenicereus undatus (Haw.) D.R. Hunt, família Cactaceae) é de fundamental importância quando se busca novas técnicas para o incremento do cultivo e garantia de um pomar homogêneo e produtivo. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência do uso de diferentes concentrações de ácido giberélico e do estágio de maturação de frutos na germinação de sementes e vigor de plântulas de pitaya vermelha da polpa branca, tendo em vista a qualidade fisiológica de mudas produzidas a fim de subsidiar trabalhos de melhoramento genético e conservação da espécie. Foram utilizadas sementes de frutos de pitaya vermelha da polpa branca em dois estágios de maturação (fisiologicamente maduros e conservados à 10°C em BOD por 3 meses), tratadas com diferentes concentrações de ácido giberélico: 0, 50, 100 e 500 mg/L. Foi possível observar que houve influência do armazenamento de frutos na germinação, emergência e crescimento das plântulas em função das concentrações de ácido giberélico. Assim, verifica-se que, no caso de sementes extraídas de frutos maduros de pitaya vermelha da polpa branca, quando semeadas nas condições do presente estudo, é necessário a utilização de GA3 para incrementar a emergência e o vigor das plântulas, com doses ótimas variando entre 150 e 300 mg/L. No caso da necessidade em armazenar os frutos de pitaya para a posterior retirada de sementes, também nas mesmas condições de semeadura do presente estudo, observa-se que, em síntese, é necessária a utilização de GA3, porém em doses maiores do que o observado no primeiro, sendo de, no mínimo, 500 mg/L. O presente estudo mostra que há influência do estágio de maturação dos frutos de pitaya vermelha de polpa branca para retirada de sementes sobre a qualidade das mudas, concluindo que o uso de sementes extraídas de frutos maduros, sem fermentação, é mais adequado para esta finalidade.

Abstract With increased interest in cultivation, the study of white-fleshed pitahaya (Selenicereus undatus (Haw.) D.R. Hunt, Cactaceae family) seedling production is of fundamental importance in the search for novel techniques to increase cultivation and guarantee homogeneous and productive orchards. The present study investigated the influence of various gibberellic acid (GA3) concentrations and fruit maturation stages on seed germination and vigor of white-fleshed pitahaya seedlings, considering the physiological quality of seedlings produced to support genetic breeding and conservation programs of the species. White-fleshed pitahaya seeds at two maturation stages (physiologically ripe and maintained at 10 °C in Biochemical Oxygen Demand incubators for three months) were treated with varying GA3 concentrations of 0, 50, 100, and 500 mg/L. We observed the influence of fruit storage on seedling germination, emergence, and growth as a function of GA3 concentration. According to the results, seeds extracted from ripe white-fleshed pitahaya fruits grown under the conditions tested here required GA3 application to increase seedling emergence and vigor, with optimal doses in the 150–300-mg/L range. In the case of pitahaya fruits intended for storage for future seed removal and maintained under the same sowing conditions, the application of higher doses of GA3 was necessary when compared to the previous condition, with a minimum dose of 500 mg/L GA3. The present study shows that the maturation stage of white-fleshed pitahaya fruits intended for seed removal influences the quality of seedlings; therefore, the use of seeds extracted from ripe pitahaya fruits without fermentation is more appropriate for the purpose.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.260650

Synthesis of delafossite CuCrO2 via solution combustion method and its acid functionalization for biodiesel production
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Viegas, M. C.

; Figueredo, G. P. de

; Rodrigues, S. F.

; Cabral, A. A.

; Castro, M. A. M.

; Oliveira, M. M.

Cerâmica

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Ene 2023, Volumen 69 Nº 389 Paginas 1 - 5

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract CuCrO2 was synthesized by solution combustion synthesis (SCS) and applied as a heterogeneous catalyst to produce soybean biodiesel. The combustion reaction was carried out using urea as a fuel, and copper (II) and chromium (III) nitrates as precursors. After the powders’ obtention, these were calcined and functionalized in an acidic medium. The powders were characterized by thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and infrared spectroscopy (IR) techniques. The TG curve revealed that the formation of the CuCrO2 in the combustion reaction remained stable up to 1000 °C. The XRD results confirmed the formation of the CuCrO2 compound. The SEM images showed that the crystallinity of the samples increased after the calcination process. The IR spectra showed the presence of delafossite characteristic bands. After the transesterification reaction, biodiesel was obtained with a yield of around 80%. Thus, catalysts based on delafossite synthesized through the combustion method and functionalized showed to be promising for the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0366-69132023693893380

Catalysts Derived from Thermal Treatments of Hydrocalumite-Type Compounds: Synthesis and Application in Transesterification Reactions
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Prado, Roberta G.

; Corrêa, Addila G. S.

; Rodrigues, Joyce F.

; Scaldaferri, Cristiane A.

; Sousa, Fabiana P. de

; Pasa, Vânya M. D.

; Constantino, Vera R. L.

; Pinto, Frederico G.

; Tronto, Jairo

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ene 2023, Volumen 34 Nº 1 Paginas 2 - 12

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Catalyst performance is a relevant factor in biodiesel production because it can affect the efficiency of the process. This work provides a study of the performance of heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production derived from thermal-treated hydrocalumite-type compounds. This work aimed to synthesize and characterize hydrocalumite-type compounds intercalated with chloride and nitrate, evaluate the effect of thermal treatments at different temperatures (500, 600, and 750 °C) on these materials, and assess the performance of these materials as catalysts in the transesterification reactions using soybean oil and methanol. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), vibrational spectroscopy (Fourier transform infrared with attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR)), thermogravimetric analysis coupled to mass spectrometry (TGA DSC-MS), specific surface area, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results of the transesterification reactions showed that the thermal-treated materials from the hydrocalumite intercalated with chloride presented high catalytic activity, among them, the thermal-treated material at 750 °C presented the highest conversion to methyl esters.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220082

Suckling piglets submitted to creep feeding management from 5 days-old showed optimal performance and exploratory behaviour
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Agnol, J. D.

; Meneghetti, F.

; Gaggini, T. S.

; Rodrigues, G. A.

; Genova, J. L.

; Carvalho, P. L. O.

; Carvalho, S. T.

; Costa, L. B.

; Paiano, D.

; Saraiva, A.

; Eyng, C.

; Oliveira, N. T. E.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2023, Volumen 53 Nº 3 Paginas 418 - 424

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to assess the effects of starting creep feeding at different ages on performance, behaviour, haematological, and biochemical parameters in piglets. A total of 138 piglets (1.34 ± 0.25 kg, n = 13 sows), weaned at 21 d-old, were assigned to treatments using a completely randomized design. The litter was divided into two groups: seven litters (n = 80 piglets) were subjected to creep feeding on the fifth day of age (creep 5) and five litters (n = 58 piglets), on the tenth day of age (creep 10). Piglets were weighed at birth, weaning, and after the first week in the nursery. Piglet behaviour was evaluated daily for 15 min until day 20. Blood was collected on day 13, at weaning, and at the end of the first week in the nursery. There was no difference in body weight in the suckling phase, but piglets fed Creep 5 showed greater body weight gain in the first nursery week. The Creep 5 group had lower feed leftovers during the five days of evaluation of feed intake. There were no differences in haematological parameters and amylase concentration; however, the piglets spent more time lying down, sucking, and massaging the udder. On day 8, the piglets in the Creep 5 group showed a higher frequency of exploratory behaviour. In conclusion, piglets fed Creep 5 had optimal performance after weaning and improved feed intake capacity by displaying more exploratory behaviour than Creep 10. Creep management did not alter haematological and biochemical parameters.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i3.10

Suckling piglets submitted to creep feeding management from 5 days-old showed optimal performance and exploratory behaviour
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Agnol, J. D.

; Meneghetti, F.

; Gaggini, T. S.

; Rodrigues, G. A.

; Genova, J. L.

; Carvalho, P. L. O.

; Carvalho, S. T.

; Costa, L. B.

; Paiano, D.

; Saraiva, A.

; Eyng, C.

; Oliveira, N. T. E.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2023, Volumen 53 Nº 3 Paginas 422 - 428

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i3.10

Intra-genotypic variability in elite parent lines of papaya
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RODRIGUES, ALEX S.

; RAMOS, HELAINE C.C.

; MIRANDA, DANIEL P.

; PIROVANI, ADRIANA A.V.

; SANTA-CATARINA, RENATO

; DUARTE, RAFAELA P.

; BRAGA, CATIANE S.

; BOHRY, DIEIMES

; PEREIRA, MESSIAS G.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 1 elocation e20220468

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to characterize papaya lines via microsatellite markers, and select genotypes based on the fixation index in order to promote the genetic purification of important commercial hybrids parent lines. Overall, 400 genotypes from three parental lines (JS-12, SS-72/12, and Sekati) were genotyped. Expected (HE), observed (HO) heterozygosity, and fixation index (F), were estimated. Genetic distances were estimated using an unweighted index, which was graphically presented via cluster analysis using the UPGMA and PCoA. Intra-genotypic variability was detected in both JS-12 and Sekati lines, while an absence of it was observed in SS-72/12. Such variability may positively contribute to the fitting of ‘UENF/Caliman 01’ and ‘UC-10’ hybrids into the traits of commercial interest how size and weight fruit. Regarding the fixation index, 293 genotypes showed maximum values (F=1) facilitating the genotypes selection process. Concerning population analysis, a close proximity between heterotic group ‘Formosa’ lines was observed, while a greater distance among ‘Solo’ group ones, and this enables systematic exploitation of such material. The fixation index maximum enabled the 80 genotypes selection thereby contributing to the parents genetic purification, since, the selected genotypes will be used in future hybridization steps to generate hybrids fitted into the traits of commercial interest.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220468

Morphology of ‘Crioula’ guava seedlings under irrigation with increasing salinity water and nitrogen/potassium fertilization
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Rodrigues-Filho, R. A.

; Nobre, R. G.

; Santos, A. S.

; Teixeira, A. D. S.

; Ferreira, A. P. N.

; Soares, L. A. A.

; Lima, G. S.

; Guedes, W. A.

; Vasconcelos, E. S.

; Silva, L. A.

; Araújo, K. F. P.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e275322

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Several studies have been conducted evaluating the management of fertilizers as strategies to mitigate the deleterious effects of salt stress, so the objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of ‘Crioula’ guava seedlings under irrigation with water of different salinity levels and fertilized with combinations of nitrogen and potassium. The experiment was performed in a protected (screened) environment using a randomized block design and analyzed in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with four replicates, with the plot formed by two plants. The treatments were formed from the combination of the factor electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw 0.3, 1.1, 1.9, 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1), with the factor combinations (C) of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K2O) doses, being C1 = 70% N + 50% K2O, C2 = 100% N + 75% K2O, C3= 130% N + 100% K2O and C4= 160% N + 125% K2O. The recommended dose of 100% N and K, respectively, was 541.1 mg N dm-3 soil and 798.6 mg K dm-3 soil. The combinations of N and K fertilization corresponding to 70% N + 50% K2O and 100% N + 75% K2O of the recommended doses promoted greater growth of ‘Crioula’ guava seedlings. Water with ECw of 2.1 dS m-1 promotes the formation of quality ‘Crioula’ guava seedlings.

Resumo Diversos estudos vêm sendo desenvolvido avaliando o manejo de adubos como estratégias para mitigar os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino, neste sentido, objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a qualidade de mudas de goiabeira Crioula sob irrigação com águas de diferentes níveis salinos e adubadas com combinações de nitrogênio e potássio. O experimento foi conduzido em ambiente protegido (telado) utilizando-se o delineamento de blocos casualizados e analisados em esquema fatorial 5 × 4, com quatro repetições, com a parcela formada por duas plantas. Os tratamentos foram formados pela combinação do fator condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (CEa), com valores de 0,3; 1,1; 1,9; 2,7 e 3,5 dS m-1; e o fator combinações (C) de doses de nitrogênio (N) e potássio (K2O), sendo C1 = 70% N + 50% K2O; C2 = 100% N + 75% K2O; C3= 130% N + 100% K2O e C4= 160% N + 125% K2O. A dose recomendada de 100% de N e K, respectivamente, foi de 541,1 e 798,6 mg de K dm-3 de solo. As combinações de adubação nitrogenada e potássica de 70% N + 50% K2O e 100% N + 75% K2O, em relação às doses recomendadas, resultaram em um maior crescimento de mudas de goiabeira Crioula. Água com CEa média de 2,1 dS m-1 foi capaz de promove a formação de mudas de qualidade de goiabeira Crioula.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275322

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volumen 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Photocatalytic Degradation of the Rhodamine B Dye Under Visible Light Using NixCu(1-x)Fe2O4 Synthesized by EDTA-Citrate Complexation Method
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Azevedo, Ila G. D. D. de

; Rodrigues, Matheus V.

; Gomes, Yara F.

; Araújo, Camila P. B. de

; Souza, Carlson P. de

; Moriyama, André L. L.

Materials Research

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2023, Volumen 26 Supl. 1 elocation e20230061

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The NixCu(1-x)Fe2O4 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.8, 1) mixed nickel and copper ferrites were synthesized using the EDTA-Citrate complexation method and calcined at 700°C. The structure, properties and characterization of the samples were analyzed by DRX, Rietveld refinement, SEM, and DRE UV-Vis, indicating the phase formation of tetragonal (CuFe2O4 and Ni0.2Cu0.8Fe2O4) and cubic (Ni0.8Cu0.2Fe2O4 and NiFe2O4). The materials exhibited morphologies suitable for photocatalytic applications and a UV-Vis absorption range near 2 eV as expected for spinel ferrites. These materials were evaluated as photocatalysts for the degradation of Rhodamine B dye under heterogeneous photocatalysis conditions, simulating solar light irradiation, air injection, and different pH levels (2, 6, and 10). The results showed that the catalytic efficiency was higher for samples with a higher copper content and in a basic medium. Therefore, NixCu(1-x)Fe2O4 mixed ferrites have promising potential as photocatalysts.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2023-0061

10.

Long-term Ecological Research: Chasing fashions or being prepared for fashion changes?
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BERGALLO, HELENA G.

; ROSA, CLARISSA

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; GUIMARAES, ARETHA F.

; BANHOS, AUREO

; CASTILHO, CAROLINA V.

; BARROS, CLAUDIA F.

; NORRIS, DARREN

; DRUCKER, DEBORA P.

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS J.

; BACCARO, FABRICIO B.

; LOURENÇO, IGOR H.

; ZUANON, JANSEN

; STEGMANN, LIS F.

; ANJOS, MARCELO R.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; ARAÚJO, PATRICIA S.G.

; BOBROWIEC, PAULO E.D.

; FADINI, RODRIGO

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; EMILIO, THAISE

; SANTORELLI JUNIOR, SERGIO

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 3 elocation e20230051

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Long-term-ecological-research (LTER) faces many challenges, including the difficulty of obtaining long-term funding, changes in research questions and sampling designs, keeping researchers collecting standardized data for many years, impediments to interactions with local people, and the difficulty of integrating the needs of local decision makers with “big science”. These issues result in a lack of universally accepted guidelines as to how research should be done and integrated among LTER sites. Here we discuss how the RAPELD (standardized field infrastructure system), can help deal with these issues as a complementary technique in LTER studies, allowing comparisons across landscapes and ecosystems and reducing sampling costs. RAPELD uses local surveys to understand broad spatial and temporal patterns while enhancing decision-making and training of researchers, local indigenous groups and traditional communities. Sampling of ecological data can be carried out by different researchers through standardized protocols, resulting in spatial data that can be used to answer temporal questions, and allow new questions to be investigated. Results can also be integrated into existing biodiversity networks. Integrated systems are the most efficient way to save resources, maximize results, and accumulate information that can be used in the face of the unknown unknowns upon which our future depends.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320230051

11.

CAN ACCURACY ISSUES OF LOW-COST SENSOR MEASUREMENTS BE OVERCOME WITH DATA ASSIMILATION? LOWCOST LOW COST ASSIMILATION
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Oliveira, Monique P. G. de

; Zorzeto-Cesar, Thais Q.

; Attux, Romis R. de F.

; Rodrigues, Luiz H. A.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2023, Volumen 43 Nº 2 elocation e20220170

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The use of mechanistic plant growth models relies on the availability of high-quality inputs to reduce uncertainty in estimates. Measurements of photosynthetically active radiation inside a protected environment are either more expensive to obtain or dependent on assumptions regarding external measurements. This study aimed to reduce the influence of uncertainty in the measurements of low-cost lux meters by using a data assimilation strategy. We first determined, by simulation, the impact of different sensors on the estimates. We then used the Ensemble Kalman Filter to assimilate artificial observations of tomato growth in the Reduced-State Tomgro model, in simulations for which the solar radiation inputs were obtained from a low-cost lux meter. We compared the assimilated estimates to the simulations that used solar radiation obtained with a scientific-grade quantum sensor. For periods of larger radiation intensity, in which the differences in measurements from both instruments are larger, assimilation of observations with low errors lead to estimates that are closer to the ones obtained by scientific grade sensors. These results suggest that low-cost sensors could be used to obtain inputs for growth models in protected environments, provided there are also imperfect observations of the state. highquality high quality lowcost cost strategy determined simulation ReducedState Reduced State model meter scientificgrade sensor intensity environments state

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v43n2e20220170/2023

12.

Different stocks of Prochilodus lineatus along the Cinzas River basin: contributions from a free-flowing tributary in the Capivara Reservoir region, Paranapanema River basin (upper Paraná River) freeflowing free flowing region upper
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Ferreira, Dhiego G.

; Galindo, Bruno A.

; Limeira, Daniel M.

; Garla, Alanna

; Marques, Ana J. C.

; Moreira, Amanda A.

; Rodrigues, Maria V. H.

; Clemente, Roberta C.

; Shimpo, Jhennifer Y.

; Martins, Gabriel A.

; Almeida, Fernanda S.

; Apolinário-Silva, Caroline

; Zanatta, Augusto S.

; Sofia, Silvia H.

; Souza-Shibatta, Lenice

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2023, Volumen 21 Nº 4 elocation e230080

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Barragens são umas das principais ameaças para peixes potamódromos Neotropicais, causando bloqueios de rotas migratórias e perdas de áreas de reprodução em um número crescente de sistemas de drenagem. Neste cenário, dados atuais defendem que a manutenção de tributários de fluxo livre em bacias hidrográficas fragmentadas seria uma importante estratégia na conservação de peixes migradores, tanto em situações de panmixia quanto em cenários com diferentes estoques coexistindo, tal como já relatado para Prochilodus lineatus. Este estudo analisou locos microssatélites e haplótipos mitocondriais em amostras de P. lineatus obtidas em diferentes anos ao longo da bacia do rio das Cinzas, no reservatório de Capivara (maior reservatório na calha principal do rio Paranapanema, alto rio Paraná) e no rio Tibagi, todos conectados por trechos livres, visando investigar as contribuições da bacia do rio das Cinzas na dinâmica populacional de peixes migradores na região do reservatório de Capivara. Ambos os marcadores detectaram altos níveis de diversidade genética e indicaram diferentes estoques de P. lineatus ao longo da bacia do rio das Cinzas, sugerindo alguma estruturação genética temporal, bem como a mistura destes estoques na amostra do reservatório de Capivara e de outros pontos, corroborando as relações de estoques neste reservatório e seus tributários. Neotropicais drenagem cenário coexistindo P maior Paranapanema Paraná Tibagi livres temporal pontos

Abstract Dams are one of the main threats to Neotropical potamodromous fish, causing blockages of migratory routes and loss of breeding areas in an increasing number of drainage systems. In this scenario, current data argue that the maintenance of free-flowing tributaries along fragmented watersheds would be an important strategy to the migratory fish conservation, both in panmixia situations and in scenarios with different coexisting stocks, as already reported for Prochilodus lineatus. This study analyzed microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes in samples of P. lineatus obtained in different years along the Cinzas River basin, as well as in the Capivara Reservoir (largest Reservoir in the Paranapanema main channel, upper Paraná River) and in the Tibagi River, all connected by free stretches, aiming to investigate the contributions of the Cinzas River basin to the population dynamics of migratory fish in the Capivara reservoir region. Both markers detected high genetic diversity levels and indicated different genetic stocks of P. lineatus along the Cinzas River basin, suggesting some temporal genetic structuring, as well as the mixture of these stocks in the sample from the Capivara reservoir and from other points, corroborating the relationships among stocks in this reservoir and its tributaries. systems scenario freeflowing flowing conservation P largest channel stretches region structuring points

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2023-0080

13.

Gas exchange and growth of sunflower subjected to saline stress and mineral and organic fertilization
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Rodrigues, Valdécio dos S.

; Sousa, Geocleber G. de

; Gomes, Silas P.

; Soares, Stallone da C.

; Silva Junior, Francisco B. da

; Freire, Marcio H. da C.

; Santos, Moisés W. N. dos

; Lima, José M. dos P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Nov 2022, Volumen 26 Nº 11 Paginas 840 - 847

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A utilização frequente de água salina para irrigação de culturas, sob condições climáticas da região semiárida, pode afetar diretamente os processos fisiológicos das plantas. Entretanto, o manejo nutricional das plantas cultivadas pode influenciar nas respostas ao ambiente salino. Com base nisso, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a resposta da cultura do girassol a diferente condutividade elétrica da água em solo sem e com fertilizante mineral e orgânico. O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará. O delineamento foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 5 × 3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram compostos por cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação (CEa): 1,1; 2,1; 3,1; 4,1 e 5,1 dS m-1 e três formas de adubação aplicados ao solo (M = adubação mineral com base em NPK, B = biofertilizante caprino e CT = solo sem adubação). A salinidade da água de irrigação a partir de 2,1 dS m-1 afetou negativamente a altura das plantas, a área foliar, o diâmetro do caule e o número de folhas e aumentou a temperatura da folha. O uso da adubação mineral com NPK e orgânica com biofertilizante caprino favoreceram positivamente o crescimento em altura de plantas e o número de folhas em relação à testemunha. A adubação mineral e a orgânica atenuaram o efeito negativo da água salina na condutância estomática, transpiração e a concentração interna de CO2 e proporcionou maior taxa de assimilação de CO2.

ABSTRACT The frequent use of saline water for crop irrigation, under climatic conditions of semiarid region, can directly affect the physiological processes of plants. However, nutritional management of cultivated plants can influence responses to saline environments. Based on this, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the response of sunflower crops to different electrical conductivities of irrigation water in soil, with and without mineral and organic fertilizers. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates. The treatments consisted of five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw): 1.1, 2.1, 3.1, 4.1, and 5.1 dS m-1 and three forms of fertilization applied to the soil (M= mineral fertilizer based on NPK, B = goat biofertilizer, and CT = soil without fertilization). The salinity of irrigation water from 2.1 dS m-1 negatively affected plant height, leaf area, stem diameter, and leaf number of sunflower plants and increased leaf temperature. The use of mineral fertilization with NPK and organic goat biofertilizer positively favored growth in the height of plants and number of leaves in relation to the control. Mineral and organic fertilization attenuated the negative effect of saline water on stomatal conductance, transpiration, and the internal concentration of CO2 and provided the highest rate of CO2 assimilation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p840-847

14.

Effects of Exercise Training on Left Ventricular Diastolic Function Markers in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Randomized Study
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Durante, Bruno G.

; Ferreira-Silva, Rosyvaldo

; Goya, Thiago T.

; Lima, Marta F.

; Rodrigues, Ana Clara T.

; Drager, Luciano F.

; Jordão, Camila P.

; Rodrigues, Amanda G.

; Alves, Maria Janieire de Nazare N.

; Lorenzi-Filho, Geraldo

; Negrão, Carlos E.

; Ueno-Pardi, Linda M.

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Oct 2022, Volumen 35 Nº 5 Paginas 646 - 656

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Exercise training (ET) is an adjunctive treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and its consequences. However, the effects of exercise on heart remodeling are unknown in the population with OSA. Objective We investigated the effect of ET on markers of diastolic function, sleep parameters, and functional capacity in patients with OSA. Methods Sedentary patients with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index, AHI ≥15 events/hr) were randomly assigned to untrained (n=18) and trained (n=20) strategies. Polysomnography, cardiopulmonary exercise test, and echocardiography were evaluated at the beginning and end of the study. ET consisted of 3 weekly sessions of aerobic exercise, resistance exercises, and flexibility training (72 sessions, completed in 11.65±0.86 months). A two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used, followed by Tukey's post-hoc test. The level of statistical significance was set at p<0.05 for all analyses. Result Thirty-eight patients were included (AHI:45±29 events/hr, age:52±7 y, body mass index: 30±4 kg/m2). They had similar baseline parameters. ET caused a significant change in OSA severity (AHI:4.5±18 versus -5.7±13 events/hr; arousal index:1.5±8 versus -6.1±13 events/hr, in untrained and trained groups respectively, p<0.05). The trained patients had an increase in functional capacity after intervention. ET improved isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT, untrained=6.5±17.3 versus trained=-5.1±17.1 msec, p<0.05). There was a significant correlation between changes in IVRT and arousal index in the trained group (r =-0.54, p<0.05). No difference occurred in the other diastolic function parameters evaluated. Conclusion ET promotes modest but significant improvement in AHI, functional capacity, and cardiac IVRT, a validated parameter of diastolic function.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20210146

15.

Produção e efeito da germinação em sementes de jaca: caracterização química, física e físico-química
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Silva, Luís P. F. R. da

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. M.

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F.

; Campos, Ana Regina N.

; Matos, Joana D. P. de

; Moraes, Maria Suiane de

; Silva, Semirames do N.

; Gonçalves, Mailson G.

; Mascarenhas, Nágela M. H.

; Medeiros Neto, Moises S. de

; Rodrigues, Larissa M. S.

; Vieira, Agdylannah F.

; Costa, Zanelli R. T.

; Moura, Rodrigo L.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Jun 2022, Volumen 45 Nº 1-2 Paginas 51 - 60

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Jackfruit is an exotic fruit present in the Northeast region of Brazil, presenting a great economic potential for the region because of the internal and external commercialization of its fruit. Its seed is rich in carbohydrates, protein, minerals and vitamins, and is an alternative source of starch and for food. Germination is an easily accessible, inexpensive technology for the production of sprouts, improving the bioavailability of nutrients in the seed for consumption, such as proteins and bioactive compounds. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemical, physical and physicochemical parameters of fresh and germinated jackfruit seeds. The germination of jackfruit seeds increased the contents of water, proteins, ascorbic acid, phenolic compounds and total sugars, in addition to reducing the content of starch, lipids, tannins and the parameters of color, luminosity, red (+ a*) and yellow (+b*) intensities. In relation to the physical properties of the seed, there was an increase in the real specific mass and in the unit mass. For apparent specific mass there was a reduction. Seed germination provided an increase in the levels of magnesium, iron and sodium, consequently reducing potassium, phosphorus, calcium, zinc, copper and manganese.

Resumo A jaca é um fruto exótico presente na região Nordeste do Brasil, apresentando um grande potencial econômico para região em face da comercialização interna e externa do seu fruto. Sua semente é rica em carboidratos, proteína, minerais e vitaminas, constituindo fonte alternativa de amido para alimentação. A germinação é uma tecnologia barata de fácil acesso para produção de brotos, melhorando a biodisponibilidade de nutrientes na semente para o consumo, a exemplo das proteínas e compostos bioativos. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar os parâmetros químicos, físicos e físico-químicos das sementes de jaca in natura e germinadas. A germinação das sementes de jaca proporcionou o aumento nos teores de água, proteínas, ácido ascórbico, compostos fenólicos e açúcares totais, além de reduzir os conteúdo de amido, lipídios, taninos e os parâmetros de cor, a luminosidade, intensidade de vermelho (+a*) e de amarelo (+b*). Em relação às propriedades físicas da semente, ocorreu acréscimo na massa específica real e na massa unitária. Para massa específica aparente houve redução. A germinação das sementes proporcionou aumento nos teores de magnésio, ferro e sódio, consequentemente ocorrendo redução de potássio, fósforo, cálcio, zinco, cobre e manganês.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.25988

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