ABSTRACT Integrated management is considered the best strategy to mitigate the damage caused by plant-parasitic nematodes. However, there is still limited information regarding some integrated techniques. Thus, this study aimed to assess the effects of genetic management associated with chemical control of Meloidogyne javanica in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) The experiment was installed in a greenhouse according to an 8×4 factorial design with eight replicates. The first factor was soybean cultivar (HO Juruena IPRO, resistant; Foco IPRO, HO Maracaí IPRO, and CZ 58B28 IPRO, moderately resistant; HO Mamoré IPRO, moderately susceptible; and Extrema IPRO, CZ 48B32 IPRO, and HO Aporé IPRO, susceptible). The second factor consisted of an untreated control and commercial nematicides based on abamectin, thiodicarb+imidacloprid, and fluopyram. Plants were inoculated with 2000 nematode eggs, and nematode and vegetative variables were evaluated at 65 d after inoculation. There was an interaction effect on nematode variables. Furthermore, there was an additive effect of genetic management and chemical control, mainly in resistant cultivars treated with thiodicarb+imidacloprid or fluopyram with controls of up to 69.90% and 96.86%, respectively. The application of fluopyram and the use of ‘HO Juruena IPRO’, ‘Foco IPRO’, or ‘HO Maracaí IPRO’ also contributed to the control of M. javanica. Vegetative variables were studied by analyzing product effects separately, but results were inconclusive.

Resumo Algumas cultivares de figueira (Ficus carica L.), nomeadamente do grupo São Pedro, produzem uma primeira colheita de figos no final da primavera que se designa por figos lampos. Estes figos são partenocárpicos e desenvolvem-se nos ramos do ano anterior, estando em produção entre maio/junho até julho. Sendo a primeira colheita numa época do ano em que há pouca oferta de figos no mercado, os figos lampos podem alcançar bons preços, sendo por isso uma opção lucrativa. Todavia, alcançar produções competitivas depende da utilização de cultivares produtivas, produtoras de figos de qualidade e adaptadas às nossas condições de cultura. Face ao problema da escolha de cultivares para novas plantações de forma a satisfazer os requerimentos agronómicos e comerciais, foram estudadas sete cultivares produtoras de figos lampos quanto às características qualitativas de maior interesse. Avaliaram-se os parâmetros biométricos como o peso, calibre, altura e comprimento do pedúnculo; os parâmetros físico-químicos como a dureza, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais (TSS) e os parâmetros colorimétricos L*, a*, b*, °hue. Entre as características de qualidade avaliadas do fruto, o tamanho, o peso, a dureza e a coloração dos figos mostraram um proeminente papel na escolha de cultivares a considerar plantar. No entanto, o comprimento do pedúnculo e o TSS não são fatores tão decisivos, uma vez que não manifestaram diferenças significativas entre as cultivares.

Abstract Some cultivars of fig tree (Ficus carica L.), namely from the San Pedro group, produced a first harvest of figs at the end of spring, known as breba figs. These figs are parthenocarpic and develop on the previous year's branches, producing from May/June to July. As a first harvest at a time of year when the supply of figs is low, breba figs can achieve good prices, making them a profitable option. However, achieving competitive productions depends on using productive cultivars, producing quality figs and adapted to our growing conditions. Faced with the problem of selecting cultivars for new plantations in order to test the agronomic and commercial requirements, seven cultivars producing breba figs were studied for the qualitative traits of greatest interest. Biometric parameters such as weight, fruit diameter, height and peduncle length were evaluated; physico-chemical parameters such as firmness, total soluble solids content (TSS) and colorimetric parameters L*, a*, b*, °hue. Among the quality characteristics evaluated in the fruits, the size, weight, firmness, and the color of the figs played a prominent role in choosing the cultivars to consider for planting. However, the length of the peduncle and the TSS are not so decisive factors, since they did not show differences between the cultivars.

ABSTRACT Fresh corn is a highly appreciated vegetable in Brazil; this crop has high added value and profitability when compared to dry corn. Despite the consumer market demand for quality, cultivars are not launched every crop season and there is a small number of cultivars available to growers. This denotes a need for breeding programs focused on generating information and genotypes that can occupy this market niche. The objective of this work was to evaluate the progress of five cycles of intrapopulation recurrent selection in half-sib progenies of fresh corn, in the southwest region of Goiás. A randomized block experimental design was used, with evaluation of 64 progenies of corn half-sib progenies and selection intensity of 30% per cycle, with three replications, in the 2011-2012, 2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-2018, and 2020-2021 summer crop seasons. The half-sib progenies of fresh corn exhibited genetic variability through intrapopulation recurrent selection in the different selection cycles, which is still promising for further selections after five cycles, with evaluation of 64 progenies per cycle. The base population from crossings between hybrids for tropical and temperate climates showed to be promising for increasing the genetic base of fresh corn populations, with satisfactory gains over the five cycles, presenting mean heritability between the cycles of approximately 78.9% for relative chlorophyll index, 62.2% for plant height, 75.1% for ear insertion height, 70% for ear diameter, 56.6% for ear length, 71.4% for unhusked ear yield, and 71% for marketable ear yield.

RESUMO O milho fresco é uma hortaliça muito apreciada pelos brasileiros e, além disso, possui alto valor agregado e maior lucratividade, quando comparado aos grãos secos. O mercado consumidor apesar de exigente na qualidade, não é abastecido com novas cultivares a cada safra e com um número ínfimo sendo disponível aos produtores. Assim, existe a necessidade da criação de programas de melhoramento, com o intuito de gerar informações e genótipos capazes de suprir esse nicho de mercado. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o progresso da seleção em progênies de meiosirmãos de milho fresco, em cinco ciclos de seleção recorrente intrapopulacional, na região sudoeste de Goiás. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com a avaliação de 64 progênies de meios-irmãos e intensidade de seleção de 30% por ciclo, com três repetições, em diferentes safras de verão (2011-2012, 2013-2014, 2015-2016, 2017-2018 e 2020-2021). As progênies de famílias de meios-irmãos de milho fresco apresentaram variabilidade genética por meio de seleção recorrente intrapopulacional nos diferentes ciclos de seleção, com avaliação de 64 progênies por ciclo. A população base de cruzamentos entre híbridos para climas tropicais e temperados mostrou-se promissora para aumentar a base genética de populações de milho fresco, com ganhos satisfatórios ao longo dos cinco ciclos, com herdabilidade média de aproximadamente 78,9% para o índice relativo de clorofila, 62,2% para altura de planta, 75% para inserção da espiga, 70% para diâmetro da espiga, 56,6% para comprimento da espiga, 71,4% para espigas empalhadas e 71% para espigas comerciais entre os ciclos.

Abstract Breast involvement in the context of systemic sarcoidosis is rare and may mimic a malignant lesion. Imaging studies contribute to the detection of breast lesions but are not useful in establishing a definitive diagnosis. Thus, malignancy must be excluded by histological biopsy in order to confirm the early diagnosis. We report a case of breast involvement by sarcoidosis in a 63-year-old woman with known systemic sarcoidosis. Mammography shows multiple oval masses with microlobulated edges and high density, without microcalcifications. Ultrasonographically, they correlated to solid hypoechoic masses with microlobulated contours, in both breasts, findings that were considered suspicious for malignancy. Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) showed multiple bilateral enhancing masses. Histological examination confirmed breast involvement by sarcoidosis.

Resumo O envolvimento mamário no contexto de sarcoidose sistémica é raro e pode mimetizar uma lesão maligna. Os estudos de imagem contribuem para a deteção de lesões mamárias mas não são úteis no estabelecimento de um diagnóstico definitivo. Assim, a malignidade deve ser excluída por biópsia histológica de forma a confirmar precocemente o diagnóstico. Reporta-se um caso de envolvimento mamário pela sarcoidose numa mulher de 63 anos com sarcoidose sistémica conhecida. A mamografia mostra múltiplos nódulos ovalados, de bordos microlobulados e elevada densidade, sem microcalcificações associadas. Ecograficamente correspondiam a nódulos sólidos hipoecogénicos, de contornos microlobulados, em ambas as mamas, achados que foram considerados suspeitos de malignidade. A Ressonância Magnética mamária realizada mostrou múltiplas massas bilaterais com realce de contraste endovenoso. O exame histológico confirmou o envolvimento mamário pela sarcoidose.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize solar brightness, photoperiod, phenology and productivity of Chinook, Columbus, Cascade and Yakima Gold hop cultivars grown in the municipalities of Lages and São Joaquim in Santa Catarina state, southern Brazil. The phenological stages evaluated were: beginning of sprouting, emission of lateral branches, beginning of flowering, formation of cones and beginning of harvest in the 2018/2019 production cycle. Photoperiod and solar brightness were calculated with data obtained from the Environmental Resources and Hydrometeorology Information Center of Santa Catarina State, in Lages and São Joaquim. The observed results demonstrate hops develops at latitude 27º South, there was a difference in behavior in the phenological cycle of the cultivars, characterizing Yakima Gold as early, with 143 days and Columbus with 191 days, late. Since the first agricultural harvest, there is the production of cones. With 5.87 hours per day solar brightness average, in Lages, 3,300 kg of fresh hops were produced per hectare. In São Joaquim, with a 5.53 hour per day solar brightness average, 6,000 kg of fresh hops were produced per hectare.

Abstract The objective of this study was to find out if the revenue, received based on the SUS Table, is sufficient to cover the costs incurred, except for direct labor, in carrying out the Ergometric Test exam at the Onofre Lopes University Hospital (HUOL). In methodological terms, it is a case study, descriptive and with a qualitative approach. Informal interviews were carried out with the managers and employees of the service, and with those responsible for the operational and administrative support services. The results show that the unit cost calculated for carrying out the Ergometric Test at HUOL during 2018 was R$ 16.46 and that, compared to the transfer from SUS, there is a financial surplus in the amount of R$ 13, 54 per exam. During the research, it became evident that the cost management information controls in the institution are precarious, being done using several different systems. Finally, the study opened the discussion about the feasibility of providing health services and the possibility of sustainability and financial independence of the management company – Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares – in relation to the subsidies received from the Union. JEL: M1, M11.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi descobrir se a receita, recebida com base na Tabela SUS, é suficiente para cobrir os custos incorridos, com exceção da mão-de-obra direta, na realização do exame de Teste Ergométrico no Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes (HUOL). Em termos metodológicos, trata-se de um estudo de caso, descritivo e de abordagem qualitativa. Foram realizadas entrevistas informais com os gestores e colaboradores do serviço, e com responsáveis pelos serviços de apoio operacional e administrativo. Os resultados apontam que o custo unitário apurado para a realização do Teste Ergométrico no HUOL durante o ano de 2018 foi de R$ 16,46 e que, em comparação com o repasse do SUS, há um superávit financeiro no valor de R$ 13,54 por exame. Durante a pesquisa, ficou evidente que os controles de informações gerenciais de custos na instituição são precários, sendo feitos através do uso de vários sistemas diferentes. Por fim, o estudo abriu a discussão acerca da viabilidade da prestação dos serviços de saúde e da possibilidade de sustentabilidade e independência financeira da empresa gestora – Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares – em relação às subvenções recebidas da União. JEL: M1, M11.

Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue averiguar si los ingresos, recibidos con base en la Tabla SUS, son suficientes para cubrir los costos incurridos, con excepción de la mano de obra directa, en la realización del examen de Prueba Ergométrica en el Hospital Universitario Onofre Lopes (HUOL). En términos metodológicos, se trata de un estudio de caso, descriptivo y con enfoque cualitativo. Se realizaron entrevistas informales con los gerentes y empleados del servicio, y con los responsables de los servicios de apoyo operativo y administrativo. Los resultados muestran que el costo unitario calculado para la realización de la Prueba Ergométrica en el HUOL durante 2018 fue de R$ 16,46 y que, frente a la transferencia del SUS, hay un superávit financiero de R$ 13,54 por examen. Durante la investigación se evidenció que los controles de información de gestión de costos en la institución son precarios, realizándose mediante el uso de varios sistemas diferentes. Finalmente, el estudio abrió la discusión sobre la factibilidad de prestación de servicios de salud y la posibilidad de sostenibilidad e independencia financiera de la empresa gestora —Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares— en relación con los subsidios recibidos de la Unión. JEL: M1, M11.

Résumé L'objectif de cette étude était de savoir si le revenu, perçu sur la base du tableau SUS, est suffisant pour couvrir les coûts encourus, à l'exception de la main-d'œuvre directe, pour la réalisation de l'examen du test ergométrique à l'hôpital universitaire Onofre Lopes (HOOL). Sur le plan méthodologique, il s'agit d'une étude de cas, descriptive et avec une approche qualitative. Des entrevues informelles ont été menées auprès des gestionnaires et des employés du service, ainsi qu'auprès des responsables des services de soutien opérationnel et administratif. Les résultats montrent que le coût unitaire calculé pour effectuer le test ergométrique à HUOL en 2018 était de 16,46 R$ et que, par rapport au transfert SUS, il y a un excédent financier de 13,54 R$ par examen. Au cours de l'enquête, il a été démontré que les contrôles de l'information sur la gestion des coûts dans l'établissement sont précaires, étant effectués au moyen de plusieurs systèmes différents. Finalement, l'étude a ouvert la discussion sur la faisabilité de fournir des services de santé et la possibilité de pérennité et d'indépendance financière de la société de gestion – Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares – par rapport aux subventions reçues de l'Union. JEL: M1, M11.

RESUMO A teoria da atestação em Ricoeur aponta para a necessidade da relação dialética entre o sujeito e a alteridade na reflexão ética. Entretanto, posicionamentos críticos a essa teoria argumentam que o uso do sujeito como ponto de partida dessa reflexão inviabiliza uma genuína percepção da alteridade. Ao considerar esse debate, o presente artigo objetiva analisar as implicações dessa dialética ricoeuriana para a construção ética, especialmente no entendimento da compaixão. O percurso metodológico de análise inclui uma perspectiva preliminar da noção ricoeuriana de alteridade do sujeito em La symbolique du mal e De l’interprétation, uma problematização da relação entre atestação e ética em The Problem of the Foundation of Moral Philosophy e dos conceitos de ética e alteridade na perspectiva da atestação em Soi-même comme un autre e Parcours de la reconnaissance. Finalmente, o estudo observa repercussões das articulações entre o sujeito e a alteridade para a compaixão na reflexão ética, em diálogo com a contribuição de Martha Nussbaum. Sem negar os riscos de reduplicação do sujeito na pretensa percepção da alteridade, o artigo conclui que a dialética entre o sujeito e a alteridade é necessária para uma melhor compreensão e desenvolvimento de si mesmo e do outro. Entretanto debate linterprétation, linterprétation l interprétation, interprétation l’interprétation Soimême Soi même reconnaissance Finalmente Nussbaum outro

ABSTRACT The theory of attestation in Ricoeur points to the need of a dialectical relationship between oneself and the other in ethics. However, critics of this theory have argued that the use of the self as the starting point of this reflection hinders a genuine perception of otherness. Taking this debate into account, the present article aims to analyze the implications of this Ricoeurian dialectics for ethics, especially the understanding of compassion. The methodological steps of this analysis include a preliminary perspective of Ricoeur’s notion of the otherness of the self in La symbolique du mal and De l’interprétation, a problematization of the relationship between attestation and ethics in The Problem of the Foundation of Moral Philosophy and of the concepts of ethics and otherness in the perspective of attestation in Soimême comme un autre and Parcours de la reconnaissance. Finally, the study explores the repercussions of the articulations of oneself and the other for ethical compassion, in dialogue with Martha Nussbaum. Without denying the risks of the reduplication of the self in the alleged perception of otherness, the article concludes that the dialectics of oneself and the other is necessary for a better understanding and development of oneself and the other. However account compassion Ricoeurs s linterprétation, linterprétation l interprétation, interprétation l’interprétation reconnaissance Finally Nussbaum

ABSTRACT Lettuce seeds usually show germination problems that can be related to dormancy and or thermoinhibition, as well as to the genotype constitution. The knowledge of the temperature at which the thermoinhibition process begins, as well as the influence of the age of the seed on its germination, is extremely important to establish more suitable parameters for the selection of higher genotypes in breeding programs. The objective of this work was to evaluate the seed germination of three lettuce cultivars according to the enviromental temperature and the age of the seeds. The cultivars Everglades (tolerant to thermoinhibition), Luisa (medium tolerant) and Verônica (sensitive) were used. Seeds of each cultivar were evaluated by the standard germination test, first count test, germination speed index and germination test of remaining seeds. The analyses were performed at four environmental temperatures and in seven storage periods after harvest. None of the cultivars showed primary dormancy. The tolerance to thermoinhibition showed by cultivars Everglades and Luisa and the sensitivity of cultivar Verônica were confirmed. The most suitable temperature for differentiating tolerant and sensitive thermoinhibition genotypes occurred from 30.5 ºC and 260 days after harvest.

ABSTRACT The present work aims to evaluate grain productivity, water productivity, and economic water productivity of three soybean cultivars under supplementary irrigation. Two experiments were conducted during the 2018 and 2019 harvests in Santa Maria/RS, Brazil. The experimental design consisted of a random bifactorial block design with six irrigation depths as the first factor and three soybean cultivars (Glycine max L.) as the second. The irrigation system used was the conventional fixed sprinkler, with a fixed irrigation shift of seven days. Crop productivity, water productivity, and economic water productivity were evaluated. The highest productivity was for 100% of reference evapotranspiration (ETo) in both harvests. Maximum technical efficiency was obtained for depths of 73.03% (Harvest 1) and 77.94% (Harvest 2) of ETo. Both harvests presented higher water productivity and economic water productivity in the 50% and 25% ETo depths respectively. Productivity is increased with irrigation, and the economic water productivity is maximized with reduction of depth.

RESUMO Objetivos. Implementar e avaliar o uso de amostragem de águas residuais na detecção do coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2) em dois distritos costeiros da Província de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Métodos. No distrito de General Pueyrredon, amostras de 400 mL de águas residuais foram coletadas ao longo de 24 horas com um amostrador automático; já no distrito de Pinamar, foram coletados 20 L no total (2,2 L a intervalos de 20 minutos). As amostras foram coletadas uma vez por semana e concentradas por floculação com cloreto de polialumínio. A purificação do RNA e a amplificação e detecção de genes-alvo foram realizadas por meio de reação em cadeia da polimerase com transcrição reversa para diagnóstico clínico de esfregaços nasofaríngeos humanos. Resultados. Detectou-se presença de SARS-CoV-2 em águas residuais dos dois distritos. Em General Pueyrredon, o SARS-CoV-2 foi detectado na semana epidemiológica 28 de 2020, ou seja, 20 dias antes do início de um aumento no número de casos da doença provocada pelo coronavírus de 2019 (COVID-19) na primeira onda (semana epidemiológica 31) e 9 semanas antes de se registrar o número máximo de casos de COVID-19 confirmados em laboratório. No distrito de Pinamar, o genoma viral foi detectado na semana epidemiológica 51 de 2020, mas não foi possível realizar a amostragem novamente até a semana epidemiológica 4 de 2022, quando a circulação do vírus foi novamente constatada. Conclusões. Foi possível detectar o genoma do vírus SARS-CoV-2 em águas residuais, demonstrando a utilidade da aplicação da epidemiologia baseada em águas residuais para detectar e monitorar o SARS-CoV-2 em longo prazo.

RESUMEN Objetivos. Aplicar y evaluar la utilización de muestreos de aguas residuales como método para la detección del coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo de tipo 2 (SARS-CoV-2) en dos distritos costeros de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Métodos. Se utilizó un dispositivo de muestreo automático para tomar muestras de 400 mL de las aguas residuales de 24 horas en el distrito de General Pueyrredon, mientras que en el distrito de Pinamar se tomaron muestras de 2,2 L a intervalos de 20 minutos hasta un volumen total de 20 L. Los muestreos se realizaron una vez por semana. Las muestras se concentraron mediante floculación con policloruro de aluminio. La purificación del ARN y la amplificación y detección del gen diana se llevaron a cabo mediante la prueba de reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con retrotranscripción para el diagnóstico clínico a partir de hisopados nasofaríngeos. Resultados. Se observó la presencia de SARS-CoV-2 en las aguas residuales de ambos distritos. En General Pueyrredon, el SARS-CoV-2 se halló en la semana epidemiológica 28 del 2020, es decir, 20 días antes del inicio del aumento de casos de enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) registrado en la primera ola (semana epidemiológica 31) y nueve semanas antes de que se alcanzara el número máximo de casos de COVID-19 con confirmación de laboratorio. En el distrito de Pinamar se detectó el genoma viral en la semana epidemiológica 51 del 2020, pero solo se pudo volver a realizar el muestreo en la semana epidemiológica 4 del 2022, en la que se volvió a detectar la circulación del virus. Conclusiones. Se pudo detectar el genoma del virus SARS-CoV-2 en aguas residuales, lo que muestra la utilidad de la aplicación de la epidemiología de aguas residuales como método para la detección y el seguimiento del SARS-CoV-2 a largo plazo.

ABSTRACT Objectives. To implement and evaluate the use of wastewater sampling for detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in two coastal districts of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. Methods. In General Pueyrredon district, 400 mL of wastewater samples were taken with an automatic sampler for 24 hours, while in Pinamar district, 20 L in total (2.2 L at 20-minute intervals) were taken. Samples were collected once a week. The samples were concentrated based on flocculation using polyaluminum chloride. RNA purification and target gene amplification and detection were performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for clinical diagnosis of human nasopharyngeal swabs. Results. In both districts, the presence of SARS-CoV-2 was detected in wastewater. In General Pueyrredon, SARS-CoV-2 was detected in epidemiological week 28, 2020, which was 20 days before the start of an increase in coronavirus virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases in the first wave (epidemiological week 31) and 9 weeks before the maximum number of laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 cases was recorded. In Pinamar district, the virus genome was detected in epidemiological week 51, 2020 but it was not possible to carry out the sampling again until epidemiological week 4, 2022, when viral circulation was again detected. Conclusions. It was possible to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus genome in wastewater, demonstrating the usefulness of the application of wastewater epidemiology for long-term SARS-CoV-2 detection and monitoring.

Abstract Orally disintegrating films (ODFs) were prepared from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC E6 1.5%, 2.0%, and 2.5%), plasticizers ((glycerin (Gly), propylene glycol (PP), or polyethylene glycol (PEG)), and isosorbide dinitrate using the solvent casting method. Design of experiments (DoE) was used considering the amount of film-forming agent (HPMC) and the nature of the plasticizers as independent variables and thickness, mechanical properties, disintegration time, and dissolution efficiency as dependent variables. The best formulation was selected based on the desirability function ( f D). Color analysis was performed using CIE- L a b coordinates. DSC curves and XRPD diffractograms showed ISDN amorphization, probably due to complexation with polymers (HPMC E6 and HPβCD). The polymer (HPMC E6) and plasticizer played a critical role in the mechanical and optical properties of the films; however, these factors had no significant effect on the dissolution efficiency of ISDN. Principal component analysis revealed a more defined distinction of the ODFs according to their chromatic characteristics. ODFs prepared with Gly and PEG 400 were translucent, whereas the other films were transparent. The dissolution efficiency values of the ODFs (F1-9) were higher than those observed for the reference product (88.35(0.01%), indicating increased solubility of ISDN, probably due to complexation with polymers (HPMC E6 and HPβCD). The maximum value obtained for desirability function ( f D ) was 0.86, which corresponded to the use of 1.5% to 2.0% polymer (HPMC E6) and Gly or PP as plasticizers. The F5 formulation showed adequate thickness (85.00(6.38 (m), elongation at break (4.82(0.01%), adhesiveness (0.23(0.09 mJ), dissolution efficiency (95.97(0.01%), and high transparency.

ABSTRACT: The time spent by urban residents indoors has been increasing annually, thus, prioritizing the enhancement of indoor spaces into green spaces to improve the quality of life. Even with limited environmental conditions indoors, an active living wall and LED light techniques have enabled us to explore indoor green environments. In the present study, the yellow/orange-colored flowers invasive ornamental species,Lantana camara‘splendens’, was cultivated in 4.0 m2 of the active living wall under a non-decorative LED lamp, adjusted to optimize performance in the coverage area. This study evaluated the development of lantana in the active living wall under different light intensities (135 watts and 90 watts) in a room with light restriction. Parameters such as plant height, flowering, SPAD chlorophyll content, and vegetative cover were analyzed. The results indicated that Lantana camara ‘splendens’ is suitable for use in active living walls and blooms at a low light intensity when the light is uniformly applied.

RESUMO: O tempo gasto pelos moradores urbanos em ambientes fechados vem aumentando anualmente, assim, priorizando a valorização dos espaços internos em espaços verdes para melhorar a qualidade de vida. Mesmo com condições ambientais limitadas em ambientes internos, o uso de jardins verticais e técnicas de luz de LED nos permitiram explorar ambientes verdes internos. No presente estudo, a espécie ornamental invasora de flores de coloração amarela/alaranjada, Lantana camara ‘splendens’, foi cultivado em 4,0 m2 de jardim vertical sob luminária LED não decorativa, ajustada para otimizar a performance na área de cobertura. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento da Lantana camara ‘splendens’, em jardim vertical, sob diferentes intensidades de luz (135 watts e 90 watts), em ambiente com restrição total de luz. Foram analisados parâmetros como altura da planta, floração, teor de clorofila SPAD e cobertura vegetativa. Os resultados indicam que Lantana camara ‘splendens’ é adequada para uso em jardim vertical e floresce em baixa intensidade de luz quando a luz é aplicada uniformemente.

ABSTRACT The use of remotely piloted aircraft (RPA) has grown in agricultural spraying around the world, but there is a lack of research data to assist users in making more assertive decisions due to its recent nature. This study aimed to evaluate spray deposition in corn using an RPA DJI AGRAS-MG-1 at two application heights compared to the application using a knapsack sprayer. Sprayings were carried out in the corn crop at the phenological stage V5-V6. The experiment consisted of three treatments and eight replications, applied with an RPA at heights of 1.5 and 3.0 m and a CO2-pressurized knapsack sprayer. The application rate was 10 L ha-1 for RPA and 115 L ha-1 for the knapsack sprayer. Flat fan spray tips were used for all treatments. Tracer deposition in the corn canopy and spray loss to the soil were evaluated using spectrophotometric detection, while coverage, density, and droplet spectrum were evaluated on water-sensitive paper. Total and effective deposition swath were also evaluated for RPA. Although droplet density provided by RPA varied between 26 and 39 droplets cm-2, the coverage was lower than 1.3%. Application using RPA at the height of 1.5 m provided tracer deposition on corn leaves similar to that carried out with the knapsack sprayer. The increase in application height to 3.0 m promoted a reduction in the deposition. Ground spraying promoted higher spray loss to the soil. The effective deposition swath consisted of 5.7 and 7.6 m for application heights of 1.5 and 3.0 m, respectively.

RESUMO O uso de aeronaves remotamente pilotadas (RPA) tem crescido muito na pulverização agrícola em todo o mundo, no entanto, em virtude de ser algo recente faltam dados de pesquisa que auxiliem os usuários na tomada de decisões assertivas. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a deposição de calda na cultura do milho (estádio fenológico V5-V6), promovida pela aplicação utilizando uma RPA DJI-AGRAS-MG-1, em duas alturas de voo, em comparação à aplicação com pulverizador costal. O experimento constou de 3 tratamentos e 8 repetições, sendo aplicação com RPA, voando a 1,5 e 3,0 m de altura, e com pulverizador costal. A taxa de aplicação foi de 10 L ha-1 para a RPA e 115 L ha-1 para o costal. Empregaram-se pontas de jato plano em todos os tratamentos. Foram avaliadas deposição de traçador no dossel do milho e perda de calda para o solo, por meio da detecção por espectrofotometria, e cobertura, densidade e espectro de gotas em papel hidrossensível. Também foi avaliada faixa de deposição total e efetiva da RPA. Embora a densidade de gotas proporcionada pela RPA tenha variado entre 26 e 39 gotas cm-2, a cobertura foi inferior a 1,3%. A aplicação a 1,5 m de altura proporcionou deposição de traçador na folhagem semelhante à realizada com o costal. O aumento da altura de voo para 3,0 m reduziu a deposição. A aplicação terrestre promoveu maior perda para o solo. A faixa de deposição efetiva foi de 5,7 e 7,6 m para alturas de voo de 1,5 e 3,0 m.

Abstract Pre-emergent herbicides can contribute to the control of weed competition in direct seeding restoration, however it is necessary to evaluate their effects on seeds of native tropical forest species. The aim of the study was to assess the potential impact of the herbicide indaziflam on the germination of 17 forest species. For this, a dosage of 180 mL of the product in 200L of water was compared to the control without herbicide. The degree of sensitivity of each species was calculated by a ratio between the percentage of germination with herbicide (GH) and the control without herbicide (GC) classifying them as: extremely sensitive (ES= (GH/GC) <0.25), sensitive (S=0.25< (GH/GC) <0.50), low sensitivity (LS=0.50< (GH/GC) <0.75), indifferent (I=0.75< (GH/GC) <1.0) and potentiated (P= (GH/GC) >1). The herbicide promoted a significant reduction in mean germination in 35% (n=6) of the species and 59% (n = 10) were sensitive or extremely sensitive to indaziflam, and only three did not germinate. On the other hand, 29.4% (n=5) showed low sensitivity or indifference to the herbicide, while seed germination was slightly increased by indaziflam to 11.7% (n=2). Pre-emergent indaziflam can be recommended in direct seeding restoration, as only 17.6% (n=3) of the species were inhibited by pre-emergent. However, the effect of indaziflam varies by species and requires further studies to support large-scale use in direct seeding.

Resumo Herbicidas pré-emergentes podem contribuir para o controle da competição de plantas daninhas em restauração por semeadura direta, porém é necessário entender seus efeitos em sementes de florestais nativas. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o potencial impacto do herbicida indaziflam na germinação de 17 espécies nativas de florestas tropicais. Para isso, uma dosagem ligeiramente acima da recomendada (180 mL do produto em 200 L de água) foi comparada com a testemunha sem herbicida. O grau de sensibilidade de cada espécie, foi calculado pela razão entre a porcentagem de germinação com herbicida (GH) e a testemunha sem herbicida (GC) e classificando-as como: extremamente sensível (ES= (GH/GC) <0,25), sensível (S=0,25< (GH/GC) <0,50), baixa sensibilidade (LS=0,50< (GH/GC) <0,75), indiferente - I=0,75< (GH/GC) <1,0) e potencializado (P= (GH/GC) >1). O herbicida promoveu redução significativa na média de germinação em mais de 35% (n=6) das espécies avaliadas e 59% (n=10) foram sensíveis ou extremamente sensíveis ao indaziflam e apenas três espécies não germinaram. Por outro lado, 29,4% (n=5) apresentaram baixa sensibilidade ou indiferença ao herbicida, enquanto a germinação das sementes foi levemente aumentada pelo indaziflam para 11,7% (n=2). O indaziflam pré-emergente pode ser recomendado na restauração de semeadura direta pois apenas 17,6% (n=3). O indaziflam pré-emergente pode ser recomendado na restauração de semeadura direta pois apenas 17,6% (n=3) das espécies foram inibidas pelo pré-emergente. No entanto, o efeito do indaziflam variou em função da espécie e requer mais estudos para apoiar o uso em larga escala na semeadura direta.

ABSTRACT Salmonella Heidelberg is an emerging pathogen in Brazilian poultry production. The traditional methods (quicklime, windrowing and tarpaulin-on-surface) used for disinfecting reused poultry litter between flocks does not guarantee its elimination, thus allowing the transmission of this agent from one flock to another. The new tarpaulin-on-surface method with controlled injection of ammonia gas has proven to be effective in its control, however, it is still unknown what dose of ammonia gas is needed to eliminate Salmonella Heidelberg in reused poultry litter. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of ammonia gas at different concentrations in sterile poultry litter artificially contaminated with Salmonella Heidelberg. Then, ammonia gas was injected in concentrations of 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1%, and 48 hours later, a sample was collected from each repetition in an entirely randomized design, and bacterial isolation was performed. All treatments, including positive and negative controls, were tested in quadruplicate and the parameters temperature, humidity, pH and water activity were evaluated. In the 0.5% and 1% treated samples the pathogen was not isolated, while in the 0.25% concentration one of the four samples tested was positive. The study reveals that ammonia gas is efficient in killing Salmonella Heidelberg in poultry litter at concentrations of 0.5 % or more within a 48-hour period and that the litter treated with ammonia gas increases its pH and water activity.