ABSTRACT This study evaluated the effects of two protein levels and types of formulation on performance, nutrient metabolization, and myopathies of 390 female broilers from 21 to 46 days old distributed in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and six replicates of 13 broilers each. Treatments were two levels of protein (19.0 and 21.0%) in diets using only commercially available ingredients and three experimental formulations designed to keep similar the main nutrients that could influence nutritional performance (starch, fiber, ether extract), using unusual ingredients, with 19.0% (19E) or 21.0% (21E) crude protein and the third with 19.0% crude protein with amino acid levels similar to treatment 21P (19E+Aa). We studied broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, macroscopic muscular evaluation, and histological muscular evaluation. The design for the performance and myopathy assessment was a 5 × 2 factorial scheme, five diets × two ages (38 or 46 days). The worst feed conversion ratio was observed for the 19P treatment. Neither diet nor age had an effect on myopathies, however, older slaughter age increased the intensity of microscopic lesions. The diet 19P should be avoided and increased inclusion of lipids in diets improves nutrient utilization and, consequently, performance.

Competitividade empresarial pressupõe a capacidade da empresa de definir e implantar estratégias concorrenciais que lhe permitam a sobrevivência e o desenvolvimento no longo prazo - em outras palavras, a sua perenidade. Dentre estas estratégias, a de inovação tecnológica associada com desenvolvimento da capacitação técnico-científica da organização e, portanto, dos indivíduos que atuam nos seus diversos processos, tem adquirido uma crescente importância no planejamento e nas ações empresariais. Neste contexto, as relações interpessoais constituem um fator crítico nos processos de inovação, os quais devem ser continuamente aperfeiçoados. O principal objetivo deste trabalho é contribuir na compreensão das dinâmicas associadas a estes processos a partir do estudo de caso desenvolvido com foco nos procedimentos e nos fluxos de informação, gerados pela Gerência de Capacidade de uma grande empresa de telecomunicação no Brasil. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida considerando as abordagens qualitativa e quantitativa. Por um lado, com base na pesquisa qualitativa foi possível estudar, a partir da perspectiva filosófica interpretativa, o fenômeno social relacionado com a difusão de conhecimentos entre membros de uma equipe responsável pelas ações e proposições técnicas na Gerência de Capacidade da empresa de telecom em questão. Por outro lado, a metodologia quantitativa permitiu a utilização de alguns modelos matemáticos de modo a mensurar propriedades (e.g. coesão, centralidade, prestígio e conectividade) das redes estudadas, assim como caracterizá-las topologicamente. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com base no modelo proposto pelos pesquisadores Nonaka e Takeuchi (1977) para analisar e descrever os processos de criação e de difusão do conhecimento na organização, associado com as técnicas de Análise de Rede Social (ARS). Os resultados sugerem que existem indícios das redes estudadas apresentarem a topologia livre de escala, o que torna os fluxos de informação e conhecimento resistentes a "ataques" aleatórios (e.g. saída espontânea de um membro da equipe), mas vulneráveis a "ataques" planejados (e.g. retirada de indivíduos bem conectados ou hubs).

Business competitiveness requires the company's ability to define and implement competitive strategies that will allow its survival and development in the long term - in other words, its sustainability. Among these strategies, technological innovation associated with the development of the technical-scientific capacity of the company, and therefore, of the individuals who work in its various processes, has acquired a position of growing importance in corporate planning and actions. Accordingly, interpersonal relations are a critical factor for innovation processes, which must be continuously improved. The main objective of this study is to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics associated with these processes from the case study conducted focusing on procedures and information flows generated by the Capacity Management of a large telecommunications company in Brazil. The research was carried out based on qualitative and quantitative approaches. On the one hand, from the philosophical perspective of interpretation and based on the qualitative research, it was possible to study the social phenomenon related to the diffusion of knowledge among members of a team responsible for the actions and technical proposals in the capacity management of the telecom company being studied. On the other hand, the quantitative approach allowed the use of mathematical models in order to measure properties (e.g. cohesion, centrality, prestige and connectivity) of the networks studied and to provide their topological characterization. The present study was developed based on the model proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi (1977) in order to analyze and describe the processes of creation and dissemination of knowledge in the organization, associated with the methods of Social Network Analysis (SNA). The results suggest that the networks studied exhibit scale-free topology, which makes the flow of information and knowledge resistant to random "attacks" (e.g. spontaneous resignation of a team member), but vulnerable to planned "attacks" (e.g. either reallocation or dismissal of well-connected individuals or hubs).