ABSTRACT Vermiculite mining residues, although of low solubility, contain nutrients such as calcium, magnesium, and potassium at concentrations that allow their agricultural use. Beneficial bacteria can increase the solubility of this waste and its efficiency. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of bio-inoculation of vermiculite residue, associated with cattle manure, on the release of nutrients and initial growth of maize. A completely randomized design was performed in a greenhouse with seven treatments and four replications. The treatments were: T1 - soil without fertilization; T2 - soil fertilized with soluble sources of nutrients (conventional fertilization); T3 - application of vermiculite residue (VR); T4 - VR enriched with cattle manure (CM); T5 - VR + CM with Bacillus subtilis; T6 - VR + CM + B. amyloliquefaciens, and T7 - VR + CM +B. subtilis + B. amyloliquefaciens). Regardless of the use of cattle manure or beneficial microorganisms, vermiculite mining waste increased the availability of Ca and K in the soil, but was not able to match the soluble sources of nutrients. Mining waste associated with cattle manure and beneficial microorganisms (B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens) increased microbial activity and enhanced the release of available calcium for maize. VR increased the growth and the dry mass production of maize compared to the non-fertilized soil, but was consistently inferior to conventional fertilizer.

RESUMO Os resíduos da mineração de vermiculita, embora de baixa solubilidade, contêm nutrientes como cálcio, magnésio e potássio em concentrações que permitem seu uso agrícola. Bactérias benéficas podem aumentar a solubilidade deste resíduo e sua eficiência. Objetivou-se avaliar a influência da bioinoculação do resíduo de vermiculita, associado ao esterco bovino, na liberação de nutrientes e no crescimento inicial do milho. Foi realizado delineamento inteiramente casualizado em casa de vegetação com sete tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos foram: T1 - solo sem adubação; T2 - solo adubado com fontes solúveis de nutrientes (fertilização convencional); T3 - aplicação de resíduo de vermiculita (VR); T4 - VR enriquecido com esterco bovino (CM); T5 -VR+CM com Bacillus subtilis; T6 - VR + CM + B. amyloliquefaciens e T7 - VR + CM + B. subtilis + B. amyloliquefaciens). O VR aumentou a disponibilidade de Ca e K no solo, porém seu desempenho foi inferior às fontes solúveis. Independentemente da utilização de esterco bovino ou de microrganismos benéficos, os resíduos da mineração de vermiculita aumentaram a disponibilidade de Ca e K no solo, mas não foram capazes de igualar as fontes solúveis de nutrientes. Os resíduos de mineração associados ao esterco bovino e aos microrganismos benéficos (B. subtilis e B. amyloliquefaciens) aumentaram a atividade microbiana e aumentaram a liberação de cálcio disponível para o milho. Os resíduos da mineração de vermiculita aumentaram o crescimento e a produção de massa seca do milho em comparação ao solo não fertilizado, mas foram consistentemente inferiores ao fertilizante convencional.

ABSTRACT Calcium (Ca) is a nutrient responsible for maintaining plant quality and fruit yield. The production of new Ca sources, such as micronized (CaM) and complexed Ca (CaC), and their supplementation provide a better yield in mango cultivation. This study aimed to evaluate the efect of Ca sources (micronized and complexed with Ascophyllum nodosum) and application methods on mango cultivation, in semi-arid Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks, in a 6 × 6 factorial scheme. The Ca supplementation strategies (control; 1 L ha−1 of CaM; 2 L ha−1 of CaM; 2 L ha−1 of CaC with A. nodosum extract; 2 L ha−1 of CaC with A. nodosum extract + application of 2.5 L ha−1 via CaC fertigation; and 2.5 L ha−1 via CaC fertigation) were evaluated on six dates regarding nutritional aspects. For biochemical and production aspects, the six supplementation strategies with Ca were evaluated. The Ca concentration in leaves and fruits signifcantly afected the interaction among the factors. The fertilization strategy with 2.5 L ha−1 of complexed calcium via fertigation was fundamental to provide increases in the nitrogen and Ca concentration of the fruits from 65 days after full fowering, and had positive efects on fruiting and production of mangoes cv. Kent.

RESUMO O cálcio (Ca) é um nutriente responsável por manter a qualidade de plantas e o rendimento de frutas. A produção de novas fontes de Ca, como o Ca micronizado (CaM) e o Ca complexado (CaC), e sua suplementação proporcionam um melhor rendimento no cultivo de mangueiras. Avaliou-se o efeito de fontes de Ca (micronizado e complexado com Ascophyllum nodosum) e métodos de aplicação no cultivo de mangueiras, no semiárido brasileiro. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, em esquema fato rial 6 x 6. As estratégias de suplementação de Ca (controle; 1 L ha−1 de CaM; 2 L ha−1 de CaM; 2 L ha−1 de CaC com extrato de A. nodosum; 2 L ha−1 de CaC com extrato de A. nodosum + aplicação de 2,5 L ha−1 via fertirrigação de CaC; e 2,5 L ha−1 via fertirrigação de CaC) foram avaliadas em seis datas, quanto aos aspectos nutricionais. Para aspectos bioquímicos e de produção, as seis estratégias de suplementação com Ca foram avaliadas. A concentração de Ca nas folhas e frutos afetou signifcativamente a interação entre os fatores. A estratégia de fertilização com 2,5 L ha−1 de cálcio complexado via fertirrigação foi fundamental para proporcionar aumentos na concentração de nitrogênio e Ca nos frutos a partir de 65 dias após a foração completa e teve efeitos positivos na frutifcação e produção de mangas cv. Kent.

Abstract The aim was to associate living, health and oral health conditions with the quality of life (QL) of children and adolescents (CA) with sickle cell disease (SCD). Of the 120 eligible users of a public hematological service, 106 CA with SCD from 6 to 18 years of age, and their caregivers, answered semi-structured questions about socio-demographic, health and oral health conditions. For QL, we used the validated instrument PedsQLSCD™. The oral clinical examination occurred according to the guidelines of WHO and SB Brazil 2010. The majority of CA were non-white people (88%), mean age of 10.4 (±2.9) years, family income of up to two monthly minimum wages, for 03 to 05 members, with diagnosis of sickle cell anemia by neonatal screening, hospitalizations were due allergic crises, polypharmacy and dental caries (51%) were present. “About the Impact of My Pain” was the best-fit model for the QLSCD (adjusted R²=56%; AIC=28.67; p=0.04). Dental caries in permanent dentition worsened the QLSCD (OR=0.53; IC95%=0.35-0.78; p<0.05) and was associated with the type of school, car ownership, number of family members, of complications and of the medications. To overcome this scenario, programmatic actions are required, and implementation of public policies specifically directed towards these groups.

Resumo Objetivou-se associar condições de vida, de saúde e de saúde bucal à qualidade de vida (QLV) de crianças e adolescentes (CA) com Doença Falciforme (DF). Dos 120 usuários elegíveis de um serviço público hematológico, 106 CA entre 6 e 18 anos de idade, e seus cuidadores, responderam questões semiestruturadas sobre condições sociodemográficas, de saúde e saúde bucal. Para a QLV, o instrumento validado PedsQL DF® foi aplicado. Na sequência, realizou-se o exame clínico bucal nas CA segundo diretrizes da OMS e do SB Brasil 2010. A maioria das CA era negra (88%), idade média de 10,4 (±2.9) anos, renda familiar de até dois salários mínimos, para 03 a 05 membros, diagnosticadas na triagem neonatal com anemia falciforme, internadas por crises álgicas, em uso de polifarmácia e com cárie dental (51%). O domínio “Sobre o Impacto da Minha Dor” foi preditivo da QLVDF (R² ajustado =56%; AIC=28.67; p=0,04). Nele, a cárie dental na dentição permanente piorou a QLVDF das CA (OR=0.53; IC95%=0.35-0.78; p<0,05), associando-se ao tipo de escola, posse de carro e do número de membros na família, de complicações da DF e de medicamentos. Os achados ratificam a dor como marca da DF e mostram a importância da saúde bucal na QLDF das CA. A implementação de políticas públicas específicas pode superar esse cenário.

ABSTRACT Argumentation as a discursive practice, constitutes a process and product of the communicative action being exclusive of the human being, at the same time it allows to interact with good judgment, as well as to raise personal positions favoring dialogue and the search for consensus in order to contribute to a critical conscience that allows the active participation in the civic life. This ability can be strengthened through the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the learning process, due to the multiple possibilities offered to students, allowing them to debate, exchange ideas, opinions, discuss, as well as to support positions based on argumentation, even in virtual spaces. In this sense, the purpose of this study is to carry out a review and critical reflection on the theories, strategies and didactic resources, as well as evaluation instruments of argumentative competence (AC) mediated by technologies. For this purpose, the scoping review model was applied, allowing the mapping of some research on the subject based on existing literature. It is concluded that it is of utmost importance to establish clear and intentionally directed activities for the achievement of argumentation development, as well as to take into consideration that the teacher's role lies in the planning of activities that foster this competence through reflective dialogue among other actions, and that learning technologies are tools that favor dynamism and motivation for its development.

RESUMEN La argumentación como práctica discursiva, constituye un proceso y producto de la acción comunicativa siendo exclusiva del ser humano, al mismo tiempo permite interactuar con buen juicio, así como plantear posturas personales propiciando el diálogo y la búsqueda de consensos con el fin de contribuir a una conciencia crítica que permita la participación en la vida ciudadana. Dicha competencia puede verse fortalecida desde el uso de las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) en el proceso de aprendizaje, a partir de las múltiples posibilidades que ofrece al estudiante permitiéndole debatir, intercambiar ideas, opiniones, discutir, así como fundar posturas desde la argumentación, incluso en espacios virtuales. En tal sentido, el presente estudio tiene como propósito llevar a cabo una revisión y reflexión crítica acerca de las teorías, estrategias y recursos didácticos, así como de instrumentos de evaluación de la competencia argumentativa (CA) mediados por tecnologías. Para ello se aplicó el modelo de revisión panorámica (scoping review) permitiendo mapear algunas investigaciones sobre el tema en base a literatura existente. Se concluye que es de suma importancia establecer actividades claras y dirigidas intencionalmente para el logro del desarrollo de la argumentación, así como tomar en consideración que, el rol del docente recae en el planteamiento de actividades que fomenten esta competencia a partir del diálogo reflexivo entre otras acciones y que las tecnologías para el aprendizaje son herramientas que favorecen el dinamismo y la motivación para su desarrollo.

ABSTRACT Nutritional management can be an efficient strategy to mitigate the effects of salinity on fruit production and quality. This study aimed to evaluate the production and quality of fruits of mini watermelon crop, Sugar Baby cultivar, grown in a protected environment, under salt stress and K+/Ca2+ ratios. The study was carried out in a greenhouse, using a randomized block design, 1 + 5 scheme, resulting in six treatments and four replications. Six nutrient solutions were employed, one using low-salinity water, with NaCl (0.5 dS m-1) and standard nutrient solution (S1, control treatment), and the others using salinized water at 5.0 dS m-1 (S2) and extra addition of K (S3 = 50% and S4 = 100%) and Ca (S5 = 50% and S6 = 100%). The production (fruit production, longitudinal and transverse diameter of fruit, rind thickness, pulp firmness) and postharvest quality (soluble solids, vitamin C, titratable acidity, and maturation index), in addition to the variables related to the color of the pulp (lightness, chroma index, and Hue angle) were evaluated. The addition of NaCl reduced fruit production, longitudinal, and transverse diameter of fruit, rind thickness, and vitamin C content. Among saline nutrient solutions, extra addition of 50% K (S3) attenuates the deleterious effects of salt stress on the production variables and vitamin C content. Under salt stress, extra addition of 50% K (S3) and 100% Ca (S6) intensifies the red color of the pulp.

RESUMO O manejo nutricional pode ser uma estratégia eficiente para mitigar os efeitos da salinidade na produção e qualidade de frutos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção e qualidade de frutos de mini melancia, cultivar Sugar Baby, cultivado em ambiente protegido, sob estresse salino e relações K+/Ca2+. O estudo foi realizado em casa de vegetação, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, em esquema 1 + 5, resultando em seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Foram aplicadas seis soluções nutritivas, uma utilizando água de baixa salinidade (0,5 dS m-1) e solução nutritiva padrão (S1, tratamento controle) e as demais utilizando água salinizada com NaCl, a 5,0 dS m-1 (S2) e adição extra de K (S3 = 50% e S4 = 100%) e Ca (S5 = 50% e S6 = 100%). Foram avaliadas as variáveis de produção (produção de frutos, diâmetro longitudinal do fruto, diâmetro transversal do fruto, espessura da casca, firmeza da polpa) e qualidade pós-colheita (sólidos solúveis, vitamina C, acidez titulável e índice de maturação), além das variáveis referentes a cor da polpa (luminosidade, croma e ângulo de Hue). A adição de NaCl reduziu a produção de frutos, diâmetro longitudinal dos frutos, diâmetro transversal dos frutos, espessura da casca e vitamina C. Entre as soluções nutritivas salinas, a adição extra de K a 50% (S3) atenua os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino nas variáveis de produção e o teor de vitamina C. Sob estresse salino, a adição extra de K em 50% (S3) e Ca em 100% (S6) intensifica a coloração vermelha da polpa.

ABSTRACT The cultivation of fruit trees is influenced by abiotic factors such as nutritional management. However, fertilizers are used in large amounts in vineyards, resulting in excess nutrients that can cause stress and reduce fruit quality. Calcium (Ca) is one of the most used nutrients in vineyards due to its effects on fruit quality. However, excess of Ca interferes with the distribution of Ca compounds in fruits, being a form of abiotic stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of the nutritional balance of table grape orchards on calcium nutrition and fruit quality. Nineteen table grape orchards were selected in the Submédio São Francisco Valley in 2019 and 2020 crops. The nutritional diagnosis was performed using the integrated diagnosis and recommendation system (DRIS) and the average nutritional balance index (NBIm) was calculated. The concentration of Ca-pectate, Ca-total, berry firmness, soluble solids, titratable acidity, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio and dry matter were determined in the fruits. The nutritional diagnosis identified excess Ca in the orchards. The correlation between Ca-pectate and the average NBIm was negative, indicating that the Ca-pectate concentration is higher in vines that are more nutritionally unbalanced. However, the Ca-total in the fruit was not correlated with Ca-pectate. Ca-total and Ca-pectate were not correlated with berry firmness. Calcium nutrition is complex and highlights the importance of associating the assessment of nutritional balance with Ca in fruit quality to optimize the nutritional management of the grapevine.

RESUMO O cultivo de fruteiras é influenciado por fatores abióticos como o manejo nutricional. Contudo, os fertilizantes são usados em grandes quantidades em vinhedos, resultando no excesso de nutrientes que podem causar estresse e reduzir a qualidade dos frutos. O Ca é um dos nutrientes mais utilizados nos vinhedos devido aos seus efeitos na qualidade dos frutos. Entretanto, o excesso de Ca interfere na distribuição das suas frações nos frutos, sendo uma forma de estresse abiótico. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a influência do balanço nutricional da uva de mesa na nutrição cálcica e qualidade dos frutos. Foram selecionados 19 pomares de uvas de mesa no Vale do Submédio São Francisco nas safras de 2019 e 2020. Foi realizado o diagnóstico nutricional utilizando o sistema integrado de diagnose e recomendação (DRIS) e calculado o índice do balanço nutricional médio (IBNm) médio. O teor de Ca-pectato, Ca-total, firmeza da baga, sólidos solúveis, acidez titulável, razão sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável e matéria seca foram determinados nos frutos. O diagnóstico nutricional identificou excesso de Ca. A correlação entre Ca-pectato e o IBNm médio foi negativa, indicando que o teor de Ca-pectato é maior em videiras mais desbalanceadas nutricionalmente. Contudo, o Ca-total no fruto não teve correlação com Ca-pectato. O Ca-total e o Ca-pectato não se correlacionaram com a firmeza da baga. A nutrição cálcica é complexa e evidencia a importância de associar a avaliação do balanço nutricional com o Ca na qualidade dos frutos para otimizar o manejo nutricional da videira.

RESUMO: Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito da inclusão de diferentes doses de fitase em rações para frangos de corte com diferentes níveis de fitato e níveis reduzidos de cálcio (Ca) e fósforo disponível (Pd) sobre seu desempenho. Foram utilizados 1.404 frangos machos Cobb®500, distribuídos em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2x3, com dois níveis de fitato (4,25 kg / ton - MP e 6,0 kg / ton - HP) e três níveis de fitase (0, 750 e 1500 FTU / kg), com nove repetições por tratamento. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de desempenho, e aos 21 dias de idade, quatro frangos por repetição foram abatidos para coleta do conteúdo ileal para análise do coeficiente de digestibilidade ileal aparente (CDIA), e foram removidas a tíbia direita de um frango por repetição para quantificar seu peso e porcentagem de resíduo mineral (% RM), Ca e P. Aos 42 dias de idade, uma ave por repetição foi abatida para medir o rendimento de carcaça e cortes. Os animais que receberam fitase na dieta apresentaram maior consumo médio de ração e ganho de peso médio, e maior peso ósseo, % RM, % Ca e % P, quando comparados ao tratamento sem fitase (P < 0,01). Os animais que receberam dieta contendo HP com inclusão de 1500FTU / kg de fitase apresentaram os melhores CDIAs de nutrientes (P < 0,0001). Em relação ao fitato, os animais que receberam a dieta MP apresentaram maior CDIA de matéria seca e maior %P na tíbia quando comparados aos animais que receberam a dieta HP. A adição de fitase a dietas com níveis reduzidos de Ca e Pd pode melhorar os CDIAs e as características ósseas na presença de níveis elevados de fitato. No entanto, a redução dos níveis de Ca e Pd na dieta sem adição de fitase prejudica o desempenho dos frangos de corte e não afeta o rendimento de carcaças e cortes.

ABSTRACT: This study evaluated the effect of including different doses of phytase in broiler diets with different levels of phytate and reduced levels of calcium (Ca) and available phosphorus (aP), on broilers performance, digestibility (CAID), and bone characteristics. One thousand four hundred and four Cobb®500 broilers were used, distributed in a complete randomized design, and a 2x3 factorial arrangement, with two phytate levels (4.25 kg/ton - MP and 6.0 kg/ton - HP) and three phytase levels (0, 750, and 1500 FTU/kg) totalizing six treatments with nine replicates each. The animals that received phytase in their diet showed higher average feed intake and weight gain, and higher bone weight, % mineral residue, % Ca, and % P, when compared to the treatment without phytase (P < 0.01). Animals that received a diet containing HP with the inclusion of 1500FTU/kg phytase had the best CAID of nutrients (P < 0.0001). Regarding phytate, animals that received the MP diet showed a higher CAID of dry matter, and higher %P in the tibia when compared to animals that received the HP diet. The addition of phytase to diets with reduced Ca and aP levels can improve the CAIDs and bone characteristics in the presence of high phytate levels. However, reducing Ca and aP levels in the diet without adding phytase impairs the performance of broilers and has no effect on their carcass and cuts yield.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to investigate the acidic soil physical and chemical alteration associated to vinasse application under laboratory conditions. The experiment was distributed in a factorial scheme (5 × 3), in a completely randomized design, with four replicates. The beneficial effects of five vinasse doses (without vinasse [0, only water], 50, 100, 150, and 200 m3/ha) in enhancing the physical and chemical properties of three acidic soils: Oxisol (SO), Ultisol (SU), and Argisol (SA) were studied after 30 days of incubation. Soil samples were collected in the 0-20 cm depth layer to determine physical and chemical properties such as pH (CaCl2), total acidity (AT), exchangeable acidity (Al3+), base cations (K+, Ca2+, and Mg2+), sums of bases (SB), cations exchange capacity (CIC), base saturation index (V%), and saturation of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and aluminum (Al). Results indicated that vinasse application enhanced the physical and chemical properties of the studied soils, since pH, base cations, SB, CIC, V%, and saturation of K, Ca, and Mg were increased, while AT, Al3+, and Al saturation were decreased. The most important effects in the improvement of physical and chemical properties of acidic soils were observed with a dose of 200 m3/ha of vinasse. The findings of this study suggest that vinasse could be a low-cost effective strategy as an alternative source for balancing soil acidity and would be an appropriate option for minimizing environmental pollution.

RESUMEN El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las alteraciones físicas y químicas de los suelos ácidos asociadas a la aplicación de vinaza en condiciones de laboratorio. Los efectos beneficiosos de cinco dosis de vinaza (sin vinaza [0, solamente agua], 50, 100, 150 y 200 m3/ha), fueron estudiadas en el mejoramiento de las propiedades físicas y químicas de tres suelos ácidos: Oxisol (SO), Ultisol (SU) y Argisol (SA), después de 30 días de incubación. Las muestras de suelos fueron recolectadas en la capa de 0-20 cm de profundidad para la determinación de propiedades físicas y químicas como pH (CaCl2), acidez total (AT), acidez intercambiable (Al3+), cationes bases (K+, Ca2+ y Mg2+), suma de bases (SB), capacidad de intercambio catiónico (CIC), índice de saturación de las bases (V%), y saturación de potasio (K), calcio (Ca), magnesio (Mg) y aluminio (Al). Los resultados indicaron que la aplicación de vinaza mejoró las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos estudiados, porque se incrementaron tanto el pH como los cationes bases, la SB, la CIC, el V% y la saturación de K, Ca y Mg, y disminuyeron la AT, Al3+ y saturación de Al. Además, los efectos más importantes en el mejoramiento de las propiedades físicas y químicas de los suelos ácidos se observaron en la dosis de 200 m3/ha de vinaza. Los hallazgos de este estudio sugieren que la vinaza podría ser una estrategia efectiva de bajo costo como fuente alternativa para balancear la acidez del suelo y constituiría una opción apropiada para disminuir la contaminación ambiental.

ABSTRACT This study described changes in the serum biochemistry, morphology of genital organs, long bone, and eggshell during the daily egg formation cycle in Japanese quails. Sixty quails (18-wk) were distributed in 6 groups according to hours post-oviposition (POV): 0 hr POV (16h00), 2 hrs POV (egg in magnum), and 4, 8, 14, and 20 hrs POV (egg in uterus). The magnum had higher relative weight before the next ovulation (20 and 0 hr POV), and its tubular glands showed functional variation through periods: abundant eosinophilic, PAS+, and negative Alcian blue secretion at 0 and 2 hrs, empty glands aspect at 4 hrs, and filled again at 20 hrs POV. Serum albumin and total Ca had the highest value in the 2 hrs group, and the lowest in 8 and 14 hrs groups. Egg-cycle period affected the Ca% of the medullar bone of the femur and tibiotarsus, with the lowest mean at 14 hrs POV (06h00), and the highest mean after oviposition (0 hr POV), showing the recovery of Ca stores in long bones for the next egg cycle. Analysis of the eggshell using scanning electron microscopy evidenced that palisade layer formation starts during the night (8-14 hrs POV), and most parts are secreted during the day period. In conclusion, eggshell secretion in light periods, high magnum activity and medullary bone Ca deposition during midday and afternoon, as well as the ovulation/oviposition in the afternoon, are the main characteristics of the distinct physiological aspects of the egg cycle in quails.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Chromosomal abnormalities (CAs) have been described in patients with secondary amenorrhea (SA). However, studies on this association are scarce. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency and types of CAs detected by karyotyping in patients with SA. DESIGN AND SETTING: This retrospective study was performed in a reference clinical genetic service in South Brazil. METHODS: Data were obtained from the medical records of patients with SA who were evaluated between 1975 and 2022. Fisher’s bicaudate exact test and Student’s t-test were used, and P < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Among 43 patients with SA, 14 (32.6%) had CAs, namely del (Xq) (n = 3), 45,X (n = 2), 46,X,r(X)/45,X (n = 2), 46,XX/45,X (n = 1), 46,X,i(q10)/45,X (n = 1), 47,XXX (n = 1), 46,XX/47,XXX (n = 1), 46,XX/47,XX,+mar (n = 1), 45,XX,trob(13;14)(q10;q10)/46,XXX,trob(13;14)(q10;q10) (n = 1), and 46,XX,t(2;21)(q23;q11.2) (n = 1). Additional findings were observed mostly among patients with CA compared with those without CA (P = 0.0021). No difference in the mean age was observed between the patients with SA with or without CAs (P = 0.268025). CONCLUSIONS: CAs are common among patients with SA, especially those with short stature and additional findings. They are predominantly structural, involve the X chromosome in a mosaic, and are compatible with the Turner syndrome. Patients with SA, even if isolated, may have CAs, particularly del (Xq) and triple X.

ABSTRACT This research aimed to produce activated carbon (AC) from the seed of açaí of the native species Euterpe precatoria, as well as to perform physical analysis of the AC and verify its filtering capacity. For this, three different types of AC were carried out, two of which were carried out in the laboratory with the variation of temperature and exposure time and another type of AC carried out in the field (rural area). The AC produced, both in the laboratory and in the field, had a significant reduction in apparent mass and electron microscopy proved to be of good quality. The filter with açaí stone charcoal proved to be effective in partially removing coliforms and with a significant increase in pH, it raised alkalinity and conductivity levels, reduced hardness and improved turbidity, and proved to be a great tool that, added to the chlorination process, it can take treated water to isolated communities that do not have access to treated water, having characteristics of low cost and reuse of waste.

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo produzir carvão ativado (CA) a partir do caroço do açaí da espécie nativa Euterpe precatoria, bem como realizar análises físicas do CA e verificar a sua capacidade de filtragem. Para isso, foram realizados três diferentes tipos de CA, sendo dois feitos em laboratório com a variação de temperatura e tempo de exposição e outro tipo de CA realizado em campo (área rural). O CA produzido, tanto em laboratório, como em campo, teve significativa redução de massa aparente e a microscopia eletrônica comprovou ser de boa qualidade. O filtro com o carvão de caroço de açaí mostrou-se eficaz na remoção parcial de coliformes e com um aumento significativo do pH, elevou os níveis de alcalinidade e condutividade, reduziu a dureza e melhorou a turbidez, e provou ser uma ótima ferramenta que, somada com o processo de cloração, pode levar água tratada a comunidades isoladas que não tem acesso a água tratada, tendo características de baixo custo e reaproveitamento de resíduos.

ABSTRACT Melon cultivation under saline conditions is a challenge, as the plants can suffer a reduction in fruit production and quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production and quality of noble melon fruit fertigated with different saline solutions and K/Ca ratios. The experimental design was of randomised blocks, with treatments arranged in a 3 x 6 factorial scheme, using three melon cultivars (Bazuca, McLaren, County) fertigated with six nutrient solutions [S1 - standard nutrient solution (SNS); S2 - SNS + NaCl (5.0 dS m-1); S3 - S2 enriched with K (50%); S4 - S2 enriched with K (100%); S5 - S2 enriched with Ca (50%); S6 - S2 enriched with Ca (100%)]. At the end of each cultivar cycle, the fruit was harvested and assessed for the following parameters: fresh fruit weight, fruit diameter, internal cavity, pulp thickness, pulp firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, soluble solids/titratable acidity ratio, and vitamin C. Salt stress impaired the physical characteristics of the fruit of the three noble melon cultivars. The nutrient solution enriched with 50% K (S3) did not reduce the effect of salt stress on fresh weight or fruit size in the melon, but afforded an increase in fruit quality.

ABSTRACT Off-season crops diversification and gypsum under minimal tillage can improve soil fertility and reduce soil compaction. The objective of this work was to evaluate changes on soil physical and chemical properties and soybean yield grown over off-season crops in combination with gypsum and chiseling. Treatments consisted of gypsum application (0 and 3,5 t ha-1), two tillage systems (no tillage [NT] and minimal tillage [MT] with chiseling) and four soybean off-season crop successions: maize (M); maize+brachiaria (M+B); millet+crotalaria/wheat (Mi+C/W) and maize+black oats (M+O). Gypsum application reduced resistance to penetration (PR) by 12% in M+B system (1.12 kPa), when compared to the same treatment without gypsum. Gypsum increased surface soil Ca contents, mainly in M/O (from 3.81 to 5.66 cmolc dm-3). MT decreased PR in M+B, Mi+C/W and M/O, from 1.28 kPa in NT to 0.98 kPa. MT lowered total soil porosity from 66.9 to 63.1%, but reduced Ca contents compared to NT. Cultivation of crotalaria in the off-season reduced Al levels on the soil surface and grasses increased K and P in depth. Despite the improvements in the soil properties, crop rotations, chiseling and gypsum were not able to increase soybean yields in this 18-month experiment, averaging 3904 kg ha-1.

RESUMO Objetivou-se, com este estudo, a determinação da ecobiometria ocular e a investigação de sua correlação com parâmetros morfométricos cranianos e corporais em 50 cães Shih Tzu adultos. As medidas ecobiométricas da câmara anterior (CA), da câmara vítrea (CV), da espessura axial (ELA), da transversal da lente (ETL) e do comprimento axial do globo ocular (CGO) foram obtidas por meio da ultrassonografia em modo bidimensional. As medidas morfométricas do distanciamento bizigomático (DBZ), do distanciamento fronto-occipital (DFO), da altura de cernelha (AC), da circunferência torácica (CT) e do comprimento corporal (CP) também foram obtidas. A média da profundidade de CA foi de 2,83±0,50mm, da CV foi de 9,18±0,54mm, da ELA foi de 6,42±0,32mm e da ETL foi de 9,17±1,18mm, enquanto a média do CGO foi de 18,82±0,66mm. Não foi verificada correlação entre as variáveis ecobiométricas oculares e as morfométricas cranianas e corporais em cães adultos da raça Shih Tzu, assim como não houve diferença significativa dessas variáveis quando considerado o gênero e a idade dos cães (P≥0,05).

ABSTRACT The purpose of this paper is to determine the ocular echobiometry and investigate its correlation with cranial and body morphometric parameters in 50 adult Shih Tzu dogs. The echobiometric measurements of the anterior chamber (AC), vitreous chamber (VC), lens axial thickness (LTA), transverse lens thickness (LTT), and axial length of the eyeball (ALE) were obtained by two-dimensional ultrasonography. Morphometric measurements of bizygomatic distance (BDIST), frontal-occipital distance (FOD), withers height (WH), thoracic circumference (TC), and body length (BL) were also obtained. The mean of the AC depth was 2.83±0.50mm, the VC was 9.18±0.54mm, the LTA was 6.42±0.32mm and the LTT was 9.17±1.18mm, while the mean of the ALE was 18.82±0.66mm. There was no correlation between ocular echobiometric variables and cranial and body morphometric variables in adult dogs of the Shih Tzu breed, as well as no significant difference of these variables when considering gender and age of the dogs (p ≥ 0.05).

Abstract: The aim was to evaluate the post-weaning growth of Pelibuey lambs under different types of feeding, considering the cost-benefit ratio (RCB) and profitability. Thirty lambs of 13.14 ± 2.87 kg and 60 days old were used, individual housing, for a period of 49 days. Three feedstuffs were evaluated: Starter (I), Weaning and growing (DyD), and I plus DyD, in a ratio of 50: 50% (I+DyD), with 10 repetitions each. ANOVA was used to evaluate the effect of the type of feeding on daily weight gain (GDP), daily feed consumption (COA), feed conversion (CA) and final weight (PF). Except for CA (P < 0.05), the type of feeding did not significantly affect PF, GDP and COA (P > 0.05). The RCB and profitability were slightly higher with feed I+DyD compared to I and DyD. In conclusion, I+DyD was productive and economically more profitable than I and DyD.

Resumen: El objetivo fue evaluar el crecimiento post-destete de corderos Pelibuey bajo diferentes tipos de alimentación, considerando la relación costo-beneficio (RCB) y la rentabilidad. Se utilizaron 30 corderos de 13.14 ± 2.87 kg y 60 días de edad, alojados individualmente, por un periodo de 49 días. Se evaluaron tres alimentos: Iniciador (I), Destete y Desarrollo (DyD), e I más DyD, en proporción de 50:50% (I+DyD), con 10 repeticiones cada uno. Se usó ANOVA para evaluar el efecto del tipo de alimentación sobre la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), el consumo diario de alimento (COA), la conversión alimenticia (CA) y peso final (PF). Excepto para CA (P < 0.05), el tipo de alimentación no afecto PF, GDP y COA (P > 0.05). La RCB y la rentabilidad fue mayor con el alimento I+DyD en comparación con I y DyD. El tratamiento I+DyD fue más productivo y económicamente más rentable que I y DyD.