Resumo Introdução As restrições físicas, sociais e ocupacionais impostas pela pandemia de COVID-19 têm afetado a saúde, o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida da população mundial. Objetivo Identificar as repercussões da pandemia na participação ocupacional de estudantes, docentes e técnicos de três universidades públicas do Norte do Brasil, comparar as mudanças relatadas pelos participantes na participação ocupacional antes e durante a pandemia, e identificar sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Método Estudo transversal, descritivo e comparativo com abordagem quantitativa. Cento e noventa e nove (n = 199) participantes (alunos, professores e técnicos), responderam (on-line) à “Lista de Verificação da Participação Ocupacional” e à Escala de Ansiedade, Estresse e Depressão (DASS-21). Realizou-se análise descritiva dos dados e aplicação dos testes de Wilcoxon e Mann-Whitney. Resultados Durante a pandemia, identificou-se aumento na participação ocupacional para todos os participantes nas atividades domésticas (p <0,001) e diminuição no trabalho ou estudos presenciais (p <0,001). Os alunos relataram mais sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse em comparação com os professores (p<0,001). A maioria dos estudantes não organizou seu tempo para desempenhar, com satisfação, suas ocupações. Tais dificuldades foram associadas com sintomas de depressão, ansiedade e estresse, principalmente entre os estudantes (p <0,001). Conclusão Este estudo forneceu conclusões preliminares sobre as diferenças na participação ocupacional antes e durante a pandemia. A organização do tempo e as dificuldades no desempenho das ocupações foram relacionadas aos níveis de ansiedade, depressão e estresse, principalmente na amostra de estudantes.

Abstract Introduction The physical, social and occupational restrictions imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic have affected the health and well-being of the world population. Objective To identify the repercussions of the pandemic on the occupational participation of students, lecturers and technicians from three public universities in Northern Brazil, to compare the changes reported by participants in occupational participation before and during the pandemic, and to identify symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress self-reported. Method This is a Cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study with a quantitative approach. One hundred and ninety-nine (n = 199) participants (students, lecturers and technicians) responded to an online questionnaire, the “Occupational Participation Checklist” and the Anxiety, Stress and Depression Scale (DASS-21). Data analysis were descriptive and also performed by applying the Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results During the pandemic, an increase in occupational participation was identified for all participants in domestic activities (p <0.001) and a decrease in work and study face to face (p <0.001). Students reported more symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress when compared to lecturers (p<0.001). Most students did not organise their time to fulfil their occupations with satisfaction. Such difficulties were associated with symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, especially among the student's group (p<0.001). Conclusion This study provided preliminary evidence about differences in occupational participation before and during the Covid-19 pandemic. The organization of time and difficulties in occupational participation were associated to levels of anxiety, depression and stress, especially in the sample of students.

Abstract Background: The association of scaffolds to repair extensive bone defects can contribute to their evolution and morphophysiological recomposition. The incorporation of particulate biomaterials into three-dimensional fibrin bioproducts together with photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) has potential and can improve regenerative medicine procedures. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of PBM therapy on critical size defects filled with xenogenic bone substitute associated with fibrin biopolymer. Methods: A critical defect of 8 mm was performed in 36 Wistar male adult rats that were divided into four groups. Groups BC and BC-PBM were defined as controls with defects filled by a clot (without or with PBM, respectively) and groups XS and XS-PBM that comprised those filled with biocomplex Bio-OssTM in association with fibrin biopolymer. PBM was applied immediately after the surgery and three times a week every other day, with the parameters: wavelength of 830 nm, energy density 6.2 J/cm2, output power 30 mW, beam area of 0.116 cm2, irradiance 0.258,62 W/cm2, energy/point 0.72 J, total energy 2.88 J. Fourteen and 42 days after the surgery, animals were euthanatized and subjected to microtomography, qualitative and quantitative histological analysis. Results: The BC-PBM and XS-PBM groups had a similar evolution in the tissue repair process, with a higher density of the volume of new formed bone in relation to the groups without PBM (p = 0.04086; p = 0.07093, respectively). Intense vascular proliferation and bone deposition around the biomaterial particles were observed in the animals of the groups in which biocomplex was applied (XS and XS-PBM). Conclusion: PBM therapy allowed an improvement in the formation of new bone, with a more organized deposition of collagen fibers in the defect area. Biocomplex favored the insertion and permanence of the particulate material in bone defects, creating a favorable microenvironment for accelerate repair process.

Resumo A linfangiectasia intestinal consiste em um grupo de doenças raras caracterizadas pela dilatação dos canais linfáticos. A fisiopatologia compreende a obstrução da drenagem linfática do intestino delgado com dilatação secundária dos vasos linfáticos mucosos, submucosos ou subserosos, que distorcem a arquitetura das vilosidades e conduzem à perda de linfa para a luz intestinal, levando à má absorção. Os vasos linfáticos afetados localizam-se primariamente no intestino delgado, que é atingido em extensão variável. A sua etiologia é ainda desconhecida. O relato a seguir apresenta um raro caso de linfangiectasia intestinal em paciente adulto.

Abstract Intestinal lymphangiectasia is a group of rare diseases characterized by dilation of lymphatic channels. Its pathophysiology comprises obstruction of small bowel lymphatic drainage with secondary dilation of mucosal, submucosal, or subserous lymphatic vessels, distorting villous architecture and causing loss of lymph into the intestinal lumen, leading to malabsorption. The affected lymphatic vessels are primarily located in the small intestine, which is affected to a varying extent. Its etiology is still unknown. The following report presents a rare case of intestinal lymphangiectasia in an adult patient.

As situações de quarentena têm efeitos deletérios na saúde mental da população geral, mas é de esperar que as pessoas LGBTQ (lésbicas, gays, bissexuais, transgénero e queer) sejam ainda mais afetadas. Objetivámos investigar em que medida os efeitos psicossociais da pandemia do COVID-19 estão associados a mudanças na saúde mental de adolescentes e jovens adultos LGBTQ (N = 403). Os resultados indicaram que: (i) não ter ou não frequentar um curso universitário, (ii) o impacto negativo da pandemia no quotidiano e (iii) um clima familiar negativo estavam associados a níveis mais elevados de depressão e ansiedade. Além disso, o clima familiar mediou parcialmente a associação entre o impacto individual da pandemia e a depressão e a ansiedade. As organizações que promovem os direitos de pessoas LGBTQ, os serviços de saúde e educação, bem como as demais redes de apoio, devem permanecer disponíveis para atender às necessidades desta população.

Quarantine situations have deleterious effects on the mental health of the general population, but it is expected that LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) individuals are even more affected. We aimed to investigate the extent to which the psychosocial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic are associated with changes in the mental health of LGBTQ adolescents and young adults (N = 403). The findings indicated that (i) not having or entered into a university degree, (ii) the daily negative impact of the pandemic, and (iii) a negative family climate were associated with higher levels of depression and anxiety. Furthermore, family climate partially mediated the association between the pandemic's individual impact and both depression and anxiety. Organizations promoting the rights of LGBTQ individuals, health and educational services, and other support networks, should remain available to meet the needs of this population.

Os objetivos foram: investigar o percurso universitário de alunos cotistas após o ingresso nos cursos de graduação presenciais da UFOP; comparar o perfil acadêmico dos estudantes cotistas e da ampla concorrência e investigar oportunidades aproveitadas no percurso universitário pelos alunos. Utilizamos métodos quantitativos: estatística descritiva e testes de comparação de médias. As variáveis utilizadas foram: nível socioeconômico, nota do ENEM, coeficiente geral da UFOP, reprovação, evasão e oportunidades acadêmicas. Participaram 247 alunos (71 cotistas e 176 da ampla concorrência), ingressantes no primeiro semestre de 2013, pertencentes a seis cursos: Medicina, Nutrição, Engenharia Civil, Engenharia de Computação, Direito e Serviço Social. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos: a maioria dos estudantes cotistas, embora tenha uma nota menor na pontuação do ENEM ao ingressar, tem desempenho acadêmico similar ao dos estudantes da ampla concorrência. Diversos resultados encontrados, de maneira geral, estão nesse mesmo sentido. Por exemplo: na amostra como um todo, ao compararmos a reprovação e a proporção de evasão de estudantes cotistas e de ampla concorrência, não encontramos diferença estatisticamente significativa. A política de cotas tem colaborado para o acesso de uma parcela significativa de estudantes de camadas populares no Ensino Superior, sobretudo nos cursos de maior prestígio.

The goals were to investigate the university quota students’ path after joining UFOP's undergraduate courses; compare the academic profile of quota and other students and investigate the seized opportunities in the university path by the students. We used quantitative methods: descriptive statistics and means comparison tests. The variables used were: socioeconomic status, ENEM score, general UFOP coefficient, grade retention, dropout and academic opportunities. 247 students (71 quota students and 176 from the regular competition), enrolled in the first semester of 2013, from six undergraduate courses participated: Medicine, Nutrition, Civil Engineering, Computer Engineering, Law School and Social Work. Among the main results, we highlight: the majority of quota students, despite having a lower entrance ENEM score, has a similar academic achievement to the students of the regular competition. Several results found, in general, are in the same direction. For instance: in the sample as a whole, we did not find a statistically significant difference when comparing the grade retention and dropout proportion of quota and regular competition students. The quota policy has contributed to the access of a significant number of popular class students in Higher Education, especially in the most prestigious courses.

Resumo As concepções de estudantes dos propósitos da avaliação são um aspecto importante da aprendizagem autorregulada. Este estudo avança nossa compreensão do Inventário de Concepções de Avaliação de Estudantes (CAE), pelo exame da generalização da estrutura fatorial do CAE usando análise bifatorial e realizando testes de invariância transcultural entre o Brasil e a Nova Zelândia. Oito modelos diferentes foram especificados e avaliados, com o melhor modelo adotado para o teste de invariância. Esta pesquisa acrescenta à nossa compreensão das propriedades transculturais do CAE porque a introdução do modelo bifatorial resultou em equivalência métrica entre países, que anteriormente tinham apenas equivalência métrica parcial. Estudos futuros devem tentar criar mais itens em torno de vários construtos do CAE.

Abstract Student conceptions of the purposes of assessment are an important aspect of self-regulated learning. This study advances our understanding of the Student Conceptions of Assessment Inventory (SCoA) by examining the generalizability of the factorial structure of the SCoA using bifactor analysis and conducting cross-cultural invariance testing between Brazil and New Zealand. Eight different models were specified and evaluated, with the best model being adopted for invariance testing. This research adds to our understanding of the cross-cultural properties of the SCoA because the introduction of the bifactor model resulted in metric equivalence between countries, which had previously had only partial metric equivalence. Future studies should attempt to create more items around several SCoA constructs.

Resumen Las concepciones de los estudiantes sobre los própositos de evaluación, son un aspecto importante del aprendizaje autorregulado. Este estudio amplía nuestra comprensión sobre el Inventario de Concepciones de Evaluación de Estudiantes (CEE), mediante la investigación de la generalización de la estructura factorial del CEE utilizando análisis bifactorial y realizando tests de invariancia transcultural entre Brasil y Nueva Zelanda. Se especificaron y evaluaron ocho modelos diferentes,con el mejor modelo adoptado para el test de invariancia. Esta investigación aumenta nuestra comprensión de las propiedades transculturales del CEE, ya que la introducción del modelo bifactorial resultó con equivalencia métrica entre países, que anteriormente tenían sólo equivalencia métrica parcial. En el futuro, otros estudios posiblemente tratarán de crear más ítems sobre varios constructos del CEE.

Resumo O Sistema Único de Saúde tem passado por constante evolução e ampliação desde a publicação da Constituição Federal de 1988. O Distrito Federal apresentou contribuições no campo da Política de Atenção Primária à Saúde, sobretudo entre os anos 2016 e 2018, ao definir a Estratégia Saúde da Família como forma definitiva de organização dos serviços na APS e estabelecer um conjunto de ações orientadas para a conversão ao modelo. Esse artigo descreve e analisa os principais processos dessa mudança. Utilizou-se o método de análise documental de portarias, resoluções, relatórios e outros documentos, bem como dados disponíveis nas bases oficiais. Destacam-se a elaboração de um arcabouço normativo que inclui a implantação das equipes, os processos de trabalho dos profissionais, mudanças nas especialidades médicas e reordenamento dos profissionais de saúde que já atuavam na APS. A experiência demonstra a viabilidade de mudanças incrementais nas políticas de saúde em prol da ampliação de acesso da população aos serviços de saúde, por meio da definição de prioridades, melhor gestão da força de trabalho, capacitação e planejamento descentralizado, repercutindo na elevação da cobertura populacional de Saúde da Família dos iniciais 28% para 69%, alcançados em um período de dois anos.

Abstract Conclusion The Unified Health System has undergone constant evolution and expansion since the publication of Brazil’s 1988 Federal Constitution. The Federal District has provided contributions to the field of Primary Health Care Policy, especially between 2016 and 2018, by defining the Family Health Strategy as the definitive way of organizing Primary Health Care (PHC) services and by establishing a set of actions aimed at conversion of existing PHC services to this model. This article describes and analyzes the key processes of this change. The method used was analysis of ordinances, resolutions, reports and other documents, as well as assessment of data from official databases. We emphasize the development of a normative structure that includes the teams’ implementation, the professionals’ work processes, changes in medical specialties and reorganization of the health professionals who already worked in PHC. with an effect of increasing the population’s Family Health Strategy coverage (in a population of approximately 3 million inhabitants) from 28% to 69% during a two-year period, the experience demonstrates the feasibility of incremental changes in health policies such as defining priorities, better management of the workforce, training and decentralized planning to increase access to health services.

Resumo O Sistema Único de Saúde tem passado por constante evolução e ampliação desde a publicação da Constituição Federal de 1988. O Distrito Federal apresentou contribuições no campo da Política de Atenção Primária à Saúde, sobretudo entre os anos 2016 e 2018, ao definir a Estratégia Saúde da Família como forma definitiva de organização dos serviços na APS e estabelecer um conjunto de ações orientadas para a conversão ao modelo. Esse artigo descreve e analisa os principais processos dessa mudança. Utilizou-se o método de análise documental de portarias, resoluções, relatórios e outros documentos, bem como dados disponíveis nas bases oficiais. Destacam-se a elaboração de um arcabouço normativo que inclui a implantação das equipes, os processos de trabalho dos profissionais, mudanças nas especialidades médicas e reordenamento dos profissionais de saúde que já atuavam na APS. A experiência demonstra a viabilidade de mudanças incrementais nas políticas de saúde em prol da ampliação de acesso da população aos serviços de saúde, por meio da definição de prioridades, melhor gestão da força de trabalho, capacitação e planejamento descentralizado, repercutindo na elevação da cobertura populacional de Saúde da Família dos iniciais 28% para 69%, alcançados em um período de dois anos.

Abstract Conclusion The Unified Health System has undergone constant evolution and expansion since the publication of Brazil’s 1988 Federal Constitution. The Federal District has provided contributions to the field of Primary Health Care Policy, especially between 2016 and 2018, by defining the Family Health Strategy as the definitive way of organizing Primary Health Care (PHC) services and by establishing a set of actions aimed at conversion of existing PHC services to this model. This article describes and analyzes the key processes of this change. The method used was analysis of ordinances, resolutions, reports and other documents, as well as assessment of data from official databases. We emphasize the development of a normative structure that includes the teams’ implementation, the professionals’ work processes, changes in medical specialties and reorganization of the health professionals who already worked in PHC. with an effect of increasing the population’s Family Health Strategy coverage (in a population of approximately 3 million inhabitants) from 28% to 69% during a two-year period, the experience demonstrates the feasibility of incremental changes in health policies such as defining priorities, better management of the workforce, training and decentralized planning to increase access to health services.

RESUMEN Este estudio verificó la influencia alelopática del extracto de hojas del frijol canavalia (Canavalia ensiformis), sobre el cultivo de cártamo (Carthamus tinctorius) aplicado en diferentes concentraciones. Diez genotipos de cártamo fueron sembrados en 20 contenedores y la preparación del extracto acuoso fue a partir de la maceración de hojas de frijol canavalia con agua. Se aplicaron cinco tratamientos (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100%) del extracto de hoja con cuatro repeticiones. Se evaluaron los parámetros velocidad de germinación, porcentaje de germinación, masa seca y fresca, tamaño de hojas y raíces. Se encontró que el extracto acuoso de frijol canavalia influye de diferentes formas en los parámetros evaluados, presentando en algunos momentos características neutras, inhibitorias y estimulantes, variando de acuerdo al porcentaje del extracto aplicado.

ABSTRACT This study verified the allelopathic influence of jack bean leaves (Canavalia ensiformis) on safflower cultures (Carthamus tinctorius), applied at different concentrations. Ten safflower genotypes were seeded in 20 containers, and a concentrate was prepared with jack bean leaves, crushed with water to make the extract. Five treatments were performed with four replicates, and this extract was applied at concentrations of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%. The parameters were germination speed, percentage of germination, dry and fresh mass, leaf and root size. The jack beans influenced each evaluated treatment differently, presenting, at some times, neutral characteristics, inhibitory characteristics, or stimulating characteristics, varying according to the percentage of extract that was applied.

Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram: a) elaborar uma medida do nível socioeconômico para o ensino superior, a partir da técnica da Teoria de Resposta ao Item; b) ilustrar a aplicação do indicador de nível socioeconômico por meio da análise da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP); c) analisar e comparar o nível socioeconômico dos cursos de graduação e institutos da UFOP. Usamos os dados do Exame Nacional do Ensino Médio (ENEM) de 1.210 alunos ingressantes na UFOP em 31 cursos de graduação no primeiro semestre de 2013. Utilizamos a Teoria de Resposta ao Item, mais especificamente o modelo para respostas graduadas. Dentre os principais resultados, destacamos: a UFOP apresentou um percentual expressivo de alunos nos estratos mais baixos de nível socioeconômico; uma grande discrepância quando comparamos os cursos de graduação e institutos da UFOP; os alunos que utilizaram política afirmativa no SISU para ingressar na UFOP possuem mediana menor do nível socioeconômico em comparação com estudantes que não utilizaram política afirmativa (evidência empírica de que as cotas estão cumprindo uma função de inclusão social); a importância da utilização de indicadores educacionais como o nível socioeconômico para que a instituição possa planejar e monitorar adequadamente suas políticas de gestão educacional.

Abstract: The goals of this research were to: a) develop a measure of socioeconomic status for higher education, based on the technique of Item Response Theory; b) illustrate the application of the socioeconomic status indicator analyzing the Federal University of OuroPreto (UFOP); c) analyze and compare the socioeconomic status of UFOP’s undergraduate courses and institutes.We used data from the National Exam of Upper Secondary Education (ENEM) of 1.210 UFOP’s freshmen in 31 undergraduate courses on the first semester of 2013. We used the Item Response Theory, more specifically the graded response model. Highlight results include: UFOP presented an expressive percentage of students in the lower strata of socioeconomic status; a large discrepancy when comparing UFOP’s undergraduate courses and institutes; students who used affirmative action in SISU for entry into UFOP have lower median socioeconomic status compared to students who did not use affirmative action (empirical evidence that quotas are fulfilling a social inclusion function); the importance of using educational indicators such as socioeconomic status to enable the institution to adequately plan and monitor their educational management policies.

Resumo O objetivo do estudo aqui relatado é investigar o impacto de recursos e práticas familiares no desempenho escolar de alunos dos anos iniciais do Ensino Fundamental. Selecionaram-se 299 alunos que participaram do GERES 2005, aos quais se aplicou um questionário com 145 questões. Empregaram-se métodos quantitativos: modelagem de equações estruturais. Dentre os principais resultados, destaca-se que os fatores capital cultural objetivado, capital informacional, práticas de escrita e interação pais e filhos foram impactados pelo nível socioeconômico; as práticas de escrita foram a variável de maior impacto no desempenho em português; e o capital informacional, o fator de maior impacto em matemática. Ocorreu vantagem significativa das escolas privadas no que se refere à proficiência dos alunos; e a matemática se mostrou mais diretamente dependente do tipo de escola

Abstract The goal is to investigate the impact of family resources and practices on the school performance of students from elementary schools. We selected 299 students who participated in the GERES 2005. We used a questionnaire with 145 questions. We applied quantitative methods: structural equation modeling. Among the main results, we highlight: four factors - objectified cultural capital, informational capital, family writing practices, and parent-child interaction - were impacted by socioeconomic status; family writing practices were the variable with the biggest impact on Portuguese performance, and informational capital was the factor with the greatest impact on Mathematics; significant advantage of private schools on students’ proficiency; Mathematics was more directly related to school type.

ABSTRACT Pipelines are subject to a variety of defects such as wall thickness loss, grooves, dents and holes. To restore the pipe integrity, polymeric composite repairs can be used. The inspection of repaired pipes is of fundamental importance, not only to verify the initial integrity, but also to monitor their state over time. Shearography is a laser optical strain measurement technique which compares a strain image in unstressed and stressed conditions to reveal the presence of defects and provides useful information about the interface between the repair and substrate, identifying delamination, interfacial disbond and holes. In this work, two pipes repaired with composites from two different providers were submitted to shearography inspection in order to analyze the repair system integrity. The inspections were performed to verify the presence or absence of detachments between the composite repair and subtracts and/or between the layers of the repair itself. After the procedure, the repairs were removed to compare and confirm the inspection results. Repair A presented some difficulty to be removed, what is in accordance with shearography results that exhibited the presence of only some superficial defects. The pipe surface aspect after composite removal was good, without any type of corrosion. On the other hand, the shearography inspection of repair B indicated lack of adhesion between the steel pipe and the composite repair. The repair removal was very easy, corroborating the inspection results. Also, it was observed that the pipe surface presented metal oxides. Through these inspections it could be noted an excellent correlation between shearography inspection results and the degree of difficulty to remove the repairs. The results from an inspection in an offshore platform are also presented. This inspection showed that shearography is an efficient method to inspect steel pipes repaired with composite materials in field.

Abstract Background Classically, Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt) venom can be described, according to chromatographic criteria, as a simple venom, composed of four major toxins, namely: gyroxin, crotamine, crotoxin and convulxin. Crotoxin is a non-covalent heterodimeric neurotoxin constituted of two subunits: an active phospholipase A2 and a chaperone protein, termed crotapotin. This molecule is composed of three peptide chains connected by seven disulfide bridges. Naturally occurring variants/isoforms of either crotoxin or crotapotin itself have already been reported. Methods The crude Cdt venom was separated by using RP-HPLC and the toxins were identified by mass spectrometry (MS). Crotapotin was purified, reduced and alkylated in order to separate the peptide chains that were further analyzed by mass spectrometry and de novo peptide sequencing. Results The RP-HPLC profile of the isolated crotapotin chains already indicated that the α chain would present isoforms, which was corroborated by the MS and tandem mass spectrometry analyses. Conclusion It was possible to observe that the Cdt crotapotin displays a preferred amino acid substitution pattern present in the α chain, at positions 31 and 40. Moreover, substitutions could also be observed in β and γ chains (one for each). The combinations of these four different peptides, with the already described chains, would produce ten different crotapotins, which is compatible to our previous observations for the Cdt venom.