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ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

Low-Temperature Partitioning: A Simple Screening Method for Determining Diethylene Glycol in Beer by Gas Chromatography
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Azevedo, Mariane M.

; Miranda, Liany D. L.

; Queiroz, Maria Eliana L. R. de

; Oliveira, André F. de

; Pereira, Alexandre F.

; Neves, Antônio A.

; Silva, Thaís L. R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2023, Volumen 34 Nº 3 Paginas 452 - 460

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Diethylene glycol is an extremely toxic substance to humans. Recently, cases of beer contamination in Brazil have raised awareness of the need for developing simple screening methods to evaluate this type of compound. This research developed a liquid-liquid extraction with low-temperature partitioning technique to determine diethylene glycol in beer via gas chromatography. Employing a flame-ionization detector simplifies the method, lowers its cost and therefore, it can be used as screening step to assess the possibility of contamination. A gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer would be used only for a confirmatory analysis. The optimized method was validated for the main figures of merit, and it proved to be adequate, with good values of recovery rate (94-106%), limit of detection (3.0 mg L-1), and quantification (10.0 mg L-1). Accuracy, in terms of repeatability and intermediate accuracy, showed variation coefficients lower than or equal to 20%. This method was applied to 28 samples of beers marketed in Brazil, and diethylene glycol was found above the limit of detection in three of them (10.7%). These results were confirmed by a gas chromatograph coupled to a mass spectrometer, which showed the reliability of the screening method for determining diethylene glycol in beer samples.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220123

Profitability of using irrigation in forage cactus-sorghum intercropping for farmers in semi-arid environment
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Silva, Thieres G. F. da

; Jardim, Alexandre M. da R. F.

; Diniz, Wellington J. da S.

; Souza, Luciana S. B. de

; Araújo Júnior, George do N.

; Silva, Gabriel Í. N. da

; Alves, Cleber P.

; Souza, Carlos A. A. de

; Morais, José E. F. de

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Feb 2023, Volumen 27 Nº 2 Paginas 132 - 139

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O uso da irrigação desempenha papel fundamental no avanço das fronteiras agrícolas e no aumento da produtividade nas áreas de cultivo, principalmente em ambientes semiáridos que apresentam alta variação espaço-temporal de chuvas. Essa prática é sugerida até mesmo para cultivos adaptados como palma forrageira (Opuntia sp.) e sorgo (Sorghum bicolor). Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a rentabilidade do uso da irrigação no sistema solteiro e sistema consorciado palma-sorgo no semiárido. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 × 3: cinco lâminas de irrigação por gotejamento (0, 25, 50, 75 e 100% da evapotranspiração de referência - ET0) e três sistemas de cultivo (palma forrageira solteira, sorgo solteiro e consórcio palma-sorgo), com quatro repetições. O tratamento 0% ET0 correspondeu à condição de sequeiro com uma lâmina de 355 mm. Foi conduzido um ciclo de palma e dois de sorgo (planta e rebrota) compreendidos de novembro 2014 a novembro de 2015. Verificou-se que os maiores custos para implantação dos sistemas de cultivo em condições irrigadas se devem à aquisição do sistema de irrigação e insumos, representando 85,3% do custo operacional efetivo. O sistema sorgo solteiro e o sistema palma forrageira-sorgo proporcionaram as maiores produtividades de matéria fresca (62.013,05 e 60.075,36 kg ha-1), respectivamente. Com base em indicadores econômicos, a adoção de lâminas de irrigação (25, 50, 75 e 100% ET0) promoveu lucros para os sistemas (solteiro e consorciado) a partir do segundo ano de implantação.

ABSTRACT Irrigation plays a fundamental role in advancing agricultural frontiers and increasing crop productivity, especially in semi-arid environments, because they exhibit high spatiotemporal rainfall variation. This practice is suggested even for adapted crops, such as forage cactus (Opuntia sp.), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and single or intercropping systems. In this study, aimed to evaluate the profitability of using irrigation in a single and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum system in a semi-arid region. The experimental design was in randomized blocks in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement: five drip irrigation depths (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration - ET0) and three cropping systems (single forage cactus, single sorghum, and intercropping forage cactus-sorghum), with four replicates. The 0% ET0 treatment corresponded to rainfed conditions at a depth of 355 mm. A cycle of forage cactus and two sorghum cultivars (plant and regrowth) was conducted between November 2014 and November 2015. It was verified that the highest costs for implantation of the crop systems in irrigated conditions are due to the acquisition of irrigation and input systems, representing 85.3% of the effective operational cost. The single sorghum and forage cactus-sorghum systems provided the highest fresh matter productivity (62,013.05 and 60,075.36 kg ha-1, respectively). Based on economic indicators, the adoption of irrigation depths (25, 50, 75, and 100% ET0) promoted profits for the systems (single and intercropping) from the second year of implementation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p132-139

Comparative analysis of the biocompatibility of endothelial cells on surfaces treated by thermal plasma and cold atmospheric plasma
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SOUZA, ALAN MAX T. DE

; BRAZ, JANINE KARLA F. DA SILVA

; MARTINS, GABRIEL M.

; VITORIANO, JUSSIER DE OLIVEIRA

; G.A. NETO, AURÉLIO

; NERY, DAVID M.

; SABINO, VLADIMIR G.

; LUCENA, EUDES E. DE SOUZA

; ROCHA, HUGO ALEXANDRE DE OLIVEIRA

; BARBOZA, CARLOS AUGUSTO G.

; A. JÚNIOR, CLODOMIRO

; MOURA, CARLOS EDUARDO B. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 3 elocation e20220865

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In recent years, cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is used for surface disinfection. However, little is known about its ability to improve biocompatibility of metallic surfaces when compared to thermal plasma methods. In this context, the study aimed to evaluate the response of human endothelial cells (Ea.hy926) on titanium surfaces treated by non-thermal plasma method and thermal plasma method under nitriding atmosphere. The wettability was characterized by the sessile drop method, the topography and roughness were evaluated by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the microstructure by grazing angle X-ray diffraction (GIXRD). Endothelial cells were cultured and evaluated for morphology by scanning electron microscopy and viability by an MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay. CAP treatment reduced the contact angle of the Ti surface (13.43° ± 1.48; p<0.05), increasing hydrophilicity. Rz roughness was higher on the nitrided surface (220.44±20.30; p< 0.001) compared to the CAP treated surfaces (83.29 ± 11.61; p< 0.001) and polished (75.98 ±34.21a); p<0.001). The different applied plasma treatments created different titanium surfaces improving the biocompatibility of endothelial cells, however CAP results demonstrate its potential for biomedical applications, considering the low cost and ease of use of the technique, allowing surface treatments before clinical procedures.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220865

Anti-Zika Virus Effects, Placenta Protection and Chemical Composition of Passiflora edulis Seeds Ethanolic Extract
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Xavier, Jadriane A.

; Santos, Jaqueline C.

; Nova, Monique A. Vila

; Gonçalves, Camilla M.

; Borbely, Karen S. C.

; Pires, Keyla S. N.

; Santos, Flávia A. R. dos

; Valentim, Iara B.

; Barbosa, Júnia H. P.

; Silva, Felipe C. da

; Santos, Josué C. C.

; Pinho, Danielle R.

; Lopes, Norberto P.

; Borbely, Alexandre U.

; Goulart, Marília O. F.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2022, Volumen 33 Nº 7 Paginas 701 - 714

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Various beneficial biological activities have been reported for passion fruit (Passiflora edulis), grown in tropical and subtropical regions. However, no study has yet demonstrated its action against the Zika virus (ZIKV) infection. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-ZIKV of the ethanolic passion fruit seed extract (PFSE), from which, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis allowed to putatively annotate the occurrence of piceatannol, astringin, scirpusin A, scirpusin B, isookanin-7-O-glucoside and naringenin-7-O-glucoside, two quadranguloside derivatives, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. PFSE is well tolerated by cell lines (Vero E6 and HTR-8/SVneo) and tissue explants from the human placenta. With 1- and 24-h treatments, PFSE consistently reduced the viral load and NS1 protein expression of the two strains of ZIKV (MR766 and PE243) in placental explants and cell lines. Thus, PFSE has a promising potential for developing anti-ZIKV treatments, protecting the placenta against infection caused by ZIKV, along with relevant antioxidant potential, represented by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of 390.5 Trolox eq per g dry extract and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) of 12.1 µg mL-1, and more than 90% protection from lipid peroxidation. Although further studies need to be conducted, PFSE treatment was safe and effective in trophoblast cells and placental explants, thus representing a promising class of all-accessible products based on the reuse of industrial by-products.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220003

Biomarkers in Source Rocks from Barreirinha Formation (Devonian): Distribution and Paleoenvironment Significance
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Silva, Andrenilton F.

; Barros, Artur L. C.

; Sousa, Alek A. C.

; Jarvie, Daniel M.

; Calderón, Sebastian M.

; Brito, Ailton S.

; Nogueira, Afonso C. R.

; Souza, Alexandre A. de

; Lima, Sidney G. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Abr 2022, Volumen 33 Nº 4 Paginas 369 - 383

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The Barreirinha Formation-Upper Devonian, is the main petroleum source rock of the Amazon Basin, deposited during the great Devonian Transgression, contributing to significant accumulations of organic matter (OM) in anoxic conditions, which allowed its preservation. The present work had the objective of characterizing the molecular composition of biomarkers in outcrops samples of the Barreirinha Formation, aiming to evaluate the paleoenvironment, thermal evolution, and the preservation of OM total organic carbon (TOC) and Rock-Eval pyrolysis indicate considerable amounts of immature OM deposited in a low oxygenation environment. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) data corroborate that the OM was deposited in a suboxic to the oxic environment and low salinity (absence or low relative abundance of β-carotane and gammacerane). 24-N-Propyl-cholestane was detected and identified by synthetic pattern co-injection. High concentrations of tetracyclic polyprenoids (TPPs) in ascending order from base to top, high hopane/sterane ratios, to suggest that the samples had a high molecular weight n-alkanes, C29 steranes, low thermal evolution, and anoxic depositional paleoenvironment.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210156

Growth curve in elephant grass genotypes based on morpho-agronomic traits for energy production
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Vidal, Ana-Kesia F.

; Daher, Rogério F.

; Freitas, Rafael S.

; Stida, Wanessa F.

; Lédo, Francisco-José da S.

; Silva, Verônica B. da

; Entringer, Geovana C.

; Tardin, Flávio D.

; Gravina, Geraldo de A.

; Vivas, Marcelo

; Souza, Alexandre G. de

; Ambrósio, Moisés

; Santana, Josefa-Grasiela da S.

; Farias, João E.C.

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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Mar 2022, Volumen 82 Nº 1 Paginas 78 - 87

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus (Schumach.) Morrone) is one of the species with great prominence for energy production because of its favorable traits, such as high yield and short cycle, combined with several biomass quality characteristics. Therefore, this study intended to evaluate the morpho-agronomic traits of eight elephant grass genotypes under different cutting ages. A randomized block design with three replicates was applied to the experiment, and plots were composed of a 12 m long line divided into six subplots for each of the bimonthly cuts. Eight genotypes were evaluated in the plots, and the cutting ages (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12-mo) were analyzed in the subplots. The following traits were assessed: DM yield, (DMY) percentage of DM, and average plant height (HEI). All genetic-statistical analyses were conducted using the Genes Program. The evaluated genotypes showed nonsignificant differences, indicating that, for the evaluated traits, these genotypes are genetically similar. Most genotypes presented linear effect of 2nd degree in the two assessment cuts, pointing they did not reach their maximum capacity of DMY in the time interval of the evaluated cuts. The maximum %DM achieved for the most genotypes occurred at about 9-mo age, while genotypes Vruckwona and BAG-86 at about 10-mo age. The maximum points for HEI trait were between 8 and 10-mo age. Increasing the cutting interval leads to increases in DM yield, with the 10-mo cutting age being the most efficient, resulting in higher yields.

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Nanostructured Insecticide Composition through the Incorporation of Natural Abamectin in β-Cyclodextrin: Activity against Aedes aegypti Larvae
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Bittencourt, Vanessa C. E

; Moreira, Ana M. S

; Ferreira, Alexandre A

; Ferreira, Erúzia A. E

; Gomides, Antônio F. F

; Rodrigues, Cibele V

; Martins, Gustavo F

; Silva, Jeferson G. da

; Borges, Keyller B

; Denadai, Ângelo M. L

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Nov 2021, Volumen 32 Nº 11 Paginas 2023 - 2032

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study searched for a new pre-formulation based on the natural compound from the class of the avermectins, named abamectin (ABA), in order to improve its action against Aedes aegypti larvae by complexation with β-cyclodextrin (βCD). Concerning the low aqueous solubility of ABA, even in the presence of βCD, it was also invoked the strategy of working with hydrophobic nanoprecipitates (HNPs). For these purposes, molecular and supramolecular characterizations of 1:1 ABA/βCD complex and evaluation of its toxicity against A. aegypti larvae were performed. In the physical-chemistry characterizations, changes in the infrared spectra and thermal profiles in relation to precursors confirmed the occurrence of interactions between ABA and βCD in solid state. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) data suggest the inclusion of ABA in βCD via benzofuran ring. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments allowed to verify the formation of complex with a 1:1 stoichiometry, which was entropy driven. The dynamic light scattering and zeta potential data from inclusion compounds demonstrated changes in the size of the ABA/βCD HNP if compared with the ABA HNP. Finally, the results for biological assays demonstrate that the strategy to prepare the inclusion compound led to an increase in the larvicidal activity in relation to free ABA.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210093 11 descargas

Stigma toward individuals with mental disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists: a latent class analysis
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da Silva, Antônio G.

; Loch, Alexandre A.

; Leal, Vanessa P.

; da Silva, Paulo R.

; Rosa, Monike M.

; Bomfim, Ozeias da C.

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro F.

; Schwarzbold, Marcelo L.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Palha, Antônio P.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Jun 2021, Volumen 43 Nº 3 Paginas 262 - 268

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Objective: The stigma toward individuals with mental disorders is highly prevalent, not only in the general population but among health care providers as well. The aim of this study was to identify subgroups based on stigmatizing beliefs related to psychiatric disorders among Brazilian psychiatrists, as well as to investigate their association with clinical and personality characteristics. Methods: Latent cluster analysis was used to find subgroups of cases in multivariate data according to a psychotic (schizophrenia) and a nonpsychotic disorder (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). The clusters for each psychiatric disorder were compared according to sociodemographic, emotional traits, and personality characteristics. Results: A total of 779 psychiatrists answered the questionnaire. Three different subgroups of stigma levels were identified regarding schizophrenia: the highest (n=202 [51.7%]), intermediate (108 [27.6%]), and the lowest (81 [20.7%]). Participants from the highest stigma group had a significantly longer time since graduation, higher anxiety-state scores, and lower positive affect. Two subgroups were identified with respect to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, although there were no differences between them in sociodemographic or clinical variables. Conclusion: There were more subgroups of stigmatizing beliefs regarding psychotic disorders. Individual characteristics, such as those related to trait anxiety and affect, can be associated with high stigma toward schizophrenia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0864 221 descargas

10.

Spatio-temporal variation of Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) populations in Brazil according to meteorological factors
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Claudino, Vander C. M.

; Specht, Alexandre

; Fidelis, Elisangela G.

; Roque-Specht, Vânia F.

; Montezano, Débora G.

; Martins, Pedro R.

; Silva, Fernando A. M.

; Malaquias, Juaci V.

Biota Neotropica

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2021, Volumen 21 Nº 1 elocation e20201114

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) tem sido reconhecida como uma das principais espécies consumidoras de gramíneas em todo o continente americano. Durante os surtos, as lagartas são capazes de consumir completamente os hospedeiros preferenciais (gramíneas) e, quando os hospedeiros preferenciais são destruídos, podem mover-se para plantas adjacentes não gramíneas e causar danos semelhantes. Variáveis meteorológicas, como temperatura e umidade, são conhecidas por afetar o desenvolvimento e a abundância de suas populações. Este trabalho teve como objetivo descrever e comparar a distribuição espaço-temporal de M. latipes em diferentes localidades do Brasil e avaliar a influência de variáveis meteorológicas sobre suas variações temporais. Foram avaliados 12 locais, em cada ponto de coleta foram instaladas armadilhas luminosas próximas às áreas de cultivo. Para entender a influência das variáveis meteorológicas na abundância de M. latipes, os dados foram analisados pelo Modelo Linear Generalizado, empregando a regressão de Poisson. Uma regressão linear também foi utilizada para verificar a relação entre a abundância e a latitude. Um total de 1.985 mariposas foram coletadas. Os maiores números de indivíduos foram coletados nos biomas Amazônia e Cerrado. Os resultados mostram que a abundância de mariposas está inversamente relacionada ao aumento da latitude. A análise de regressão de Poisson indicou que as principais variáveis meteorológicas foram significativamente relacionadas à abundância em cada local. Este estudo mostra que devido à preferência por gramíneas em estado vegetativo e às altas exigências de temperatura (30°C), M. latipes é uma espécie importante em regiões quentes, especialmente nas épocas de maior umidade. Além disso, mesmo em latitudes elevadas, durante os meses de verão, as populações podem aumentar rapidamente, podendo causar danos econômicos.

Abstract: Mocis latipes (Guenée, 1852) (Lepidoptera: Erebidae) has been recognized as a major owlet caterpillar associated to the herbivory of gramineaceous plants across the American continent. During outbreaks, the caterpillars are capable of completely consuming preferred hosts (grasses) and, when these hosts are destroyed, they can move to adjacent non-grass plants and cause similar damage. Meteorological variable such as temperature and humidity are described as factors that affect the development and abundance of M. latipes. This paper aimed to describe and compare the spatial and temporal distribution of M. latipes in different locations in Brazil and to evaluate the influence of meteorological variables on the temporal range. A total of 12 locations were evaluated, in each collection point light traps were installed near cultivated areas. In order to understand the influence of meteorological variables on the abundance of M. latipes, the data were analyzed using a Generalized Linear Model according to Poisson regression. A linear regression was also used to verify the relation between the abundance and the latitude. A total of 1,985 moths were collected. The highest collections were in Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Results show that abundance was inversely related to increasing latitude and Poisson regression analysis indicated that the main meteorological variables were significantly related to abundance at each site. This study shows that due to the high preference for gramineas and the high temperature requirements (30°C), M. latipes is an important species in hot regions and regions with hight humidity. Furthurmore, even in higher latitudes, in subtropical areas, during summer months, populations can Rapidly growth being able to cause economic damages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1114 561 descargas

11.

Isolation, in vitro and in silico Evaluation of Phenylethanoid Glycoside from Arrabidaea brachypoda as Lipoxygenase Inhibitor
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Bertanha, Camila S.

; Gimenez, Valéria M. M.

; Furtado, Ricardo A.

; Tavares, Denise C.

; Cunha, Wilson R.

; Silva, Márcio L. A. e

; Januario, Ana H.

; Borges, Alexandre

; Kawano, Daniel F.

; Parreira, Renato L. T.

; Pauletti, Patrícia M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Abr 2020, Volumen 31 Nº 4 Paginas 849 - 855

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Lipoxygenase (LOX) plays an important role in inflammatory processes and Arrabidaea brachypoda (DC.) Bureau (Bignoniaceae) has been described as presenting anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure to directly recognize LOX inhibitor compounds in A. brachypoda crude extract, facilitating the isolation, characterization of bioactive compounds, evaluation of natural compounds using an in vitro 15-LOX assay and prediction of the most probable binding modes of their main constituent through molecular docking simulations. The chemical analysis was performed by ethanol crude extract microfractionation using HPLC-DAD (diode array detector) associated to a fraction collector. The bioactive chromatogram displayed a peak with 50.9% LOX inhibition at 13.6 min retention time. The extract was purified and conandroside was isolated, presenting a LOX inhibitory activity with an inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 7.8 ± 1.1 µM, close to standard quercetin (IC50 7.6 ± 0.3 µM). Additionally, conandroside was not cytotoxic to normal cells (GM07492A). The LOX-conandroside complex displayed a slightly higher docking score (92.7) than quercetin (71.5). These results together suggest that conandroside could be explored as lipoxygenase inhibitor.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190248 328 descargas

12.

Métodos geoestatísticos e determinísticos na espacialização da altura dominante em povoamento de eucalipto
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Ataíde, Danilo H. dos S.

; Araújo, Emanuel J. G. de

; Monte, Marco A.

; Mendonça, Bruno A. F. de

; Silveira, Carlos E.

; Albuquerque, Alexandre M.

; Silva, Laís C.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Mar 2020, Volumen 43 Nº 1 Paginas 206 - 225

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A altura dominante de eucalipto pode apresentar forte autocorrelação espacial, sendo imprescindível investigar os métodos de interpolação na sua espacialização. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar métodos determinísticos e geoestatísticos na estimativa da altura dominante em povoamento de eucalipto. Em 14 talhões do gênero (377 hectares) foram avaliadas 233 unidades amostrais, obtendo-se as variáveis altura dominante e diâmetro a 1,30 m do solo. Os interpoladores espaciais avaliados foram os geoestatísticos (krigagem e cokrigagem ordinária) e determinísticos (inverso do quadrado da distância e polinôminio global do 10º grau). Ainda, aplicou-se a krigagem indicatriz para espacializar a probabilidade de locais com valores de altura dominante acima da média. Os resultados mostraram que a altura dominante de eucalipto apresenta-se com forte dependência espacial, sendo possível a sua espacialização tanto pela krigagem quanto cokrigagem ordinárias. Na presença da componente espacial, métodos determinísticos não são recomendados, em especial, os modelos polinomiais globais. A krigagem indicatriz viabiliza o mapeamento da probabilidade de uma determinada classe de produtividade ocorrer, subsidiando o planejamento da rotação florestal.

ABSTRACT The dominant height of eucalyptus can present strong spatial autocorrelation, being indispensable to investigate the interpolation methods in its spatialization. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate deterministic and geostatistical methods in estimating the dominant height in eucalyptus stands. In 14 management units of the genus (377 hectares), 233 sample units were allocated, obtaining the variables dominant height and diameter at 1.30 m of the soil. The spatial interpolators evaluated were geostatistics (kriging and ordinary cokriging) and deterministic (inverse of the distance square and global polynomial of the 10th degree). Furthermore, indicator kriging was applied to spatialize the probability of locations with above-average dominant height values. The results showed that the dominant eucalyptus height presents with a strong spatial dependence, being possible its spatialization by both ordinary kriging and cokriging. In the presence of the spatial component, deterministic methods are not recommended, especially the global polynomial models. Indicator kriging enables the mapping of the probability of a given class of productivity to occur, subsidizing forest rotation planning.

https://doi.org/10.19084/rca.18347 59 descargas

13.

Phylogenetic niche conservatism and plant diversification in South American subtropical grasslands along multiple climatic dimensions
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Barros, Michel J.F.

; Silva-Arias, Gustavo A.

; Segatto, Ana Lúcia Anversa

; Reck-Kortmann, Maikel

; Fregonezi, Jeferson N.

; Diniz-Filho, José Alexandre F.

; Freitas, Loreta B.

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2020, Volumen 43 Nº 2 elocation e20180291

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Phylogenetic niche conservatism can be investigated at multiple scales on an explicit geographical context. Haplotype-based comparative analyses of lineages occupying the same region, and thus subjected to similar environmental factors, allow decoupling shared evolutionary and ecological patterns, as well as multiple dimensions of adaptive diversification. Here we aimed to assess the role of environmental drivers on diversification of subtropical grassland, based on haplotypic diversity of two plant genera. We sampled two closely related and co-distributed grassland plant genera, Petunia and Calibrachoa, across their entire distribution area. Eigenvectors extracted from pairwise distances based on chloroplast DNA haplotypes were used to fit Phylogenetic Signal-Representation (PSR) curves to estimate evolutionary patterns in 19 bioclimatic variables and altitude. The PSR curves showed that altitude, precipitation, and temperature variables changed at different rates with haplotype differentiation. Altitude and temperature traits evolved under conditions closer to a neutral dynamics, whereas precipitation traits differentiated following more complex models. Our results indicated that the diversification in the two genera was more limited by precipitation conditions. Based on these novel findings, we suggest that future studies should test the possible impact of precipitation variables on the process of ecological differentiation in these genera.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0291 1014 descargas

14.

Solar drying of cowpea bean combined with drying in a heat accumulator dryer
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Alves, Ronaldo A.

; Queiroz, Alexandre J. de M.

; Figueirêdo, Rossana M. F. de

; Silva, Wilton P. da

; Gomes, Josivanda P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Sep 2019, Volumen 23 Nº 9 Paginas 709 - 715

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Como a radiação solar é abundante no Brasil durante quase todo o ano e por ser essa a fonte de energia renovável e não poluente por excelência, a secagem solar dos produtos agrícolas é uma metodologia promissora. Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, secar grãos de feijão-caupi [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] utilizando energia solar em diferentes tempos de exposição, ajustando os modelos matemáticos e calculando a difusividade efetiva. As secagens foram realizadas durante o dia com as amostras expostas ao sol; durante a noite metade das amostras eram postas para secar em secador acumulador de calor de uso noturno e a outra metade era deixada em bancada de laboratório como amostras testemunhas. Os grãos de feijão-caupi apresentaram teor de água inicial e final de 65,42 e 6,73% b.u. (após a secagem no secador acumulador de calor), respectivamente. Os modelos de Aproximação da Difusão, Page, Verma, Logarítmico e Dois Termos foram ajustados às cinéticas de secagem, os quais apresentaram bons ajustes aos dados experimentais, com valores dos coeficientes de determinação (R2) superiores a 0,98, desvio quadrático médio (DQM) inferiores a 0,01 e valores de qui-quadrado (χ2) inferiores a 0,0001. Os valores de difusividade efetiva foram da ordem de 10-11 m2 s-1 para as amostras de feijão-caupi. O secador acumulador de calor foi eficaz como complemento à secagem por exposição ao sol, mantendo temperatura adequada à secagem no período noturno.

ABSTRACT As solar radiation is abundant in Brazil during most of the year and this source of energy is renewable and non-polluting par excellence, solar drying of agricultural products is a promising methodology. The objective of this study was to dry cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] bean grains using solar energy in different exposure times, adjusting the mathematical models and calculation of the effective diffusivity. Drying was performed during the day with samples exposed to the sun; during the night, half of the samples were put to dry in a heat accumulator dryer for nighttime drying and the other half was left on a laboratory bench as control. Cowpea bean grains had initial and final moisture contents of 65.42 and 6.73% d.b. (after drying in the heat accumulator dryer), respectively. The models Approximation of Diffusion, Page, Verma, Logarithmic and Two Terms were fitted to the drying kinetics and all of them fitted well to the experimental data, with coefficients of determination (R2) higher than 0.98, mean square deviations (MSD) less than 0.01 and chi-square (χ2) values lower than 0.0001. The effective diffusivity values were of the order of 10-11 m2 s-1 for the cowpea bean samples. The heat accumulator dryer was effective as a complement to the drying by exposure to the sun, maintaining a suitable temperature for nighttime drying.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n9p709-715 822 descargas

15.

Irrigation levels and use of hydro retainer polymer in greenhouse lettuce production
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Silva, Welcio R. da

; Salomão, Leandro C.

; Pereira, Débora R. M.

; Oliveira, Henrique F. E. de

; Pereira, Alexandre I. de A.

; Cantuario, Fernando S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Jun 2019, Volumen 23 Nº 6 Paginas 406 - 412

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Uma das possíveis alternativas para potencializar a utilização de recursos hídricos é a utilização de polímeros hidrorretentores. Objetivou-se avaliar como níveis de irrigação e doses de solução hidrorretentora interferem na produção da alface crespa, cultivar Vanda. O experimento foi realizado de dezembro de 2017 a janeiro de 2018, sob canteiros em ambiente protegido na área experimental do Instituto Federal Goiano - Campus Urutaí, GO (17º 29’ 10” S de latitude, 48º 12’ 38” O de longitude e 697 m de altitude). Testaram-se quatro níveis de irrigação (50, 75, 100 e 125%) da evaporação obtida diariamente pelo micrômetro de gancho e cinco doses de solução de hidrogel (0, 50, 100 e 200 g planta-1). Utilizou-se o delineamento de blocos ao acaso e esquema de parcelas subdivididas e quatro blocos. Foram avaliadas massa fresca da parte aérea, massa seca da parte aérea, altura de plantas, número de folhas e produtividade. Verificou-se incremento de 29,24% da massa seca da parte aérea comparando as doses de solução hidrorretentora de 0 e 169,28 g e acréscimo de 14,36% da altura de plantas quando comparados os níveis de irrigação de 50 e 125%. O uso de solução hidrorretentora proporciona aumento significativo em todos os parâmetros produtivos avaliados. Os níveis de irrigação utilizados influenciam as variáveis massa fresca da parte aérea, altura de planta e produtividade. A produtividade aumentou 18,42% para os níveis de irrigação utilizados, e os maiores valores estimados foram com a dose de solução hidrorretentora de 157,49 g (14,46 t ha-1).

ABSTRACT One of the potential alternatives to improve the use of water resources is the use of hydro retainer polymer applied to the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate how irrigation levels and doses of hydro retainer polymer interfere in the production of ’Vanda’ lettuce. The experiment was carried out from December 2017 to January 2018 under protected environment in the Instituto Federal Goiano, Urutaí Campus, Goiás State, GO, Brazil (17º 29’ 10” S of latitude, 48º 12’ 38” W of longitude and 697 m of altitude). The work tested four irrigation levels of 50, 75, 100 and 125% of the evaporation obtained daily by the hook micrometer and five doses of hydrogel polymer (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 g plant-1). The experimental design was a randomized block design in a scheme of split-plot and four blocks. Canopy fresh and dry mass, plant height, number of leaves and productivity were evaluated. There was 29.24% increase in the dry mass comparing the hydro retainer polymer doses of 0 and 169.28 g and an increase of 14.36% of the height of plants when compared with the irrigation levels of 50 and 125%. The use of a hydro retainer polymer provided a significant increase in all the evaluated productive variables. The irrigation levels influence the fresh mass from aerial part, plant height and productivity. The productivity increased 18.42% for the irrigation levels used and the highest estimated values were presented in the dose of 157.49 g (14.46 t ha-1) hydro retainer polymer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n6p406-412 664 descargas

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