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Abstract Objectives Evidence suggests that ketamine’s influence on brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) might be involved in its mechanism of rapid antidepressant action. We aimed to evaluate the differential impact of ketamine and esketamine on serum BDNF levels and its association with response patterns in treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods Participants (n = 53) are from a randomized, double-blind clinical trial comparing the efficacy of single-dose ketamine (0.5mg/kg, n = 27) and esketamine (0.25mg/kg, n = 26) in TRD. Depression severity was assessed before and 24 hours, 72 hours, and 7 days after the intervention, using the Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Blood samples were collected before infusion, 24 hours, and 7 days afterwards. Results There were no significant changes in BDNF levels at post-infusion evaluation points, and no difference in BDNF levels comparing ketamine and esketamine. Both drugs exhibited similar therapeutic effect. There was no association between BDNF levels and response to treatment or severity of depressive symptoms. Conclusion There was no significant treatment impact on BDNF serum levels – neither with ketamine nor esketamine – despite therapeutic response. These results suggest that ketamine or esketamine intervention for TRD has no impact on BDNF levels measured at 24 hours and 7 days after the infusion. This clinical trial is registered on the Japan Primary Registries Network: UMIN000032355.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0298

Stable and Thermo-Responsive Dextran Sulfate-Graft-PNIPAm Amphiphilic Nanoparticles for Potential Target Methotrexate Delivery
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Santos, Aline T. dos

; Silva, Emerson L. da

; Montenegro, Raquel C.

; Sousa, Jeanlex S. de

; Paula, Regina C. M. de

; Feitosa, Judith P. A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2023, Volumen 34 Nº 9 Paginas 1262 - 1272

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Thermo-responsive copolymers grafted with N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) are excellent candidates for drug release. Dextran sulfate (DS) acts as a specific ligand in inflamed regions, turning it highly useful as a target for drug delivery. DS was associated with NIPAm to produce amphiphilic graft copolymers prepared via free radicals. The molar ratio of feed reagents NIPAm/DS varied from 1 (DS-g-PNIPAm) to 4 (DS-g-4PNIPAm). The synthesis was confirmed by spectroscopic techniques (Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)). All copolymers showed self-organization capacity in an aqueous medium in temperatures higher than 34 °C, and sizes less than 300 nm. DS-g-3PNIPAm exhibited stability in water and in phosphate buffer at pH 7.4. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed their spherical shape. This copolymer showed specificity to leukemic cells, and normal cells’ proliferation. Methotrexate (MTX) is a very low water-soluble drug used for rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Unfortunately, MTX have severe collateral effects. MTX-loaded nanoparticles can overcome such issues as well as enhance bioactivity and stability. The MTX was encapsulated and delivered from the DS-g-3PNIPAm with potential target delivery due to the presence of DS. Comparison with MTX encapsulated in other nanoparticles reveals that the DS-g-PNIPam presents the best performance among the thermo-responsive and the second among the target MTX nanocarriers.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230037

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volumen 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

Calcium pyruvate as a salt stress mitigator in yellow passion fruit seedlings
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Silva, Francisco de A. da

; Dias, Mirandy dos S.

; Fernandes, Pedro D.

; Lacerda, Cassiano N. de

; Silva, André A. R. da

; Marcelino, Aline D. A. de L.

; Lima, Andrezza M. de

; Barbosa, Daniela D.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Nov 2022, Volumen 26 Nº 11 Paginas 763 - 770

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Embora a região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro seja uma grande produtora de maracujá amarelo, os problemas de sais no solo e nas fontes hídricas, em muitas áreas, têm limitado o crescimento e a produção dessa cultura, o que realça a importância de estudos visando a reduzir tais efeitos. Nesse contexto, objetivou-se com este estudo, avaliar o efeito da aplicação foliar de piruvato, como mitigador do estresse salino, sobre a morfofisiologia do maracujazeiro cv. Redondo Amarelo, em fase de mudas. Os tratamentos constaram de três condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (CEa: 0,8, 2,4 e 4,0 dS m-1) e três concentrações de piruvato (0, 25 e 50 mM), distribuídos em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 3 × 3, com quatro repetições e duas plantas por parcela. A irrigação com águas de CEa de 4,0 dS m-1 reduz as variáveis de crescimento, fitomassa, indice de qualidade de Dickson e aumenta o extravasamento de eletrólitos em mudas de maracujazeiro cv. Redondo Amarelo. A aplicação exógena de piruvato de cálcio (25 e 50 mM) favorece as variáveis de crescimento, fitomassa, indice de qualidade de Dickson, teor relativo de água, suculência foliar e reduz o extravasamento de eletrólitos no limbo foliar do maracujá. A aplicação exógena de piruvato atenua o estresse salino, com efeitos benéficos na taxa de assimilação de CO2, transpiração, eficiência da carboxilação instantânea, eficiência intrínseca do uso da água e massa seca das raízes.

ABSTRACT Although the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil is a major producer of yellow passion fruit, the problems of salts in the soil and water sources, in many areas have limited the growth and production of this crop, which highlights the importance of studies aimed at reducing such effects. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of foliar application of pyruvate, as a mitigator of salt stress, on the morphophysiology of yellow passion fruit, in seedling phase. The treatments consisted of three electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw: 0.8, 2.4, and 4.0 dS m-1) and three concentrations of pyruvate (0, 25, and 50 mM), distributed in a randomized block experimental design in a 3 × 3 factorial scheme, with four replications and two plants per plot. Irrigation with ECw of 4.0 dS m-1 reduces growth variables, phytomass, Dickson quality index, and increases electrolyte leakage in passion fruit seedlings cv. Redondo Amarelo. Exogenous application of calcium pyruvate (25 and 50 mM) increased growth, phytomass, Dickson quality index, relative water content and leaf succulence and reduced electrolyte leakage in the leaf blade in passion fruit. Exogenous application of pyruvate attenuates salt stress, with beneficial effects on CO2 assimilation rate, transpiration, instantaneous carboxylation efficiency, intrinsic water use efficiency, and root dry mass.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n11p763-770

Yam tubers yield and quality subjected to nitrogen doses and staking methods
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Bertino, Antonio M. P.

; Cruz, José M. F. de L.

; Silva, Luiz D. R. da

; Gomes, Aline B. B.

; Farias, Otília R. de

; Nascimento, Izaias R. S. do

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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May 2022, Volumen 26 Nº 5 Paginas 341 - 347

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO No cultivo do inhame a adubação mineral e o uso de tutoramento proporciona boa produção. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção e a qualidade do inhame submetidos a doses de nitrogênio e tipos de tutoramento. O trabalho foi realizado em condições de campo no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 × 3, com cinco doses de nitrogênio (0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 kg ha-1) e três tipos de tutoramento (espaldeiramento, vara e sem tutor), com quatro repetições. Na adubação em cobertura foram aplicadas as doses de nitrogênio parceladas em partes iguais aos 60 e 90 dias após o plantio. Foram avaliados comprimento, massa média, teores de amido e N foliar, produtividades total e comercial de túberas. O tutoramento promoveu maior rendimento total, massa média, comprimento e teor de nitrogênio foliar, entretanto não foram observadas alterações no teor de amido entre os tipos de tutoramento. A produtividade comercial é maior com a utilização do tutor em vara. Recomenda-se o plantio do inhame com tutoramento e dose de nitrogênio de 120,70 kg ha-1 para promover a máxima produtividade.

ABSTRACT Adequate mineral fertilization and staking are necessary to obtain good productivity in yam cultivation. The objective of this study was to determine the increase in yield and quality of yams subjected to nitrogen doses and staking methods. This study was carried out under field conditions using a randomized block design in a 5 × 3 factorial scheme, with five nitrogen doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1) and three staking methods (wire trellises, single staking, and without staking) with four replicates. Nitrogen doses were applied in topdressing, and split into equal parts at 60 and 90 days after seed tuber planting. Tuber length and weight, starch and leaf nitrogen concentrations, and total and marketable yields were determined. Staking promoted higher total yield, mass, length, and leaf nitrogen concentration, but no changes were observed in starch concentration among the staking methods. Commercial productivity was higher with single staking. Planting yam with staking and a nitrogen dose of 120.70 kg ha-1 is recommended to promote maximum productivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n5p341-347

Floristic inventory and conservation of one of the most striking coastal mountains in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest
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Valadares, Rodrigo T.

; Dutra, Valquíria F.

; Firmino, Aline D.

; Iglesias, Diego T.

; Silva, Lucas A.

; Barros, Paulo Henrique D.

; Freitas, Vinícius C.

; Cardoso, Weverson C.

; Assis, André M.

; Gomes, José M. L.

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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2022, Volumen 36 elocation e2021abb0038

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The Atlantic Forest is made up of different vegetation types over extensive latitude. Most of its remnants are in mountain ranges, which are responsible for the maintenance of most endemic and threatened species in this domain. Here we present the floristic composition of the Área de Proteção Ambiental Mestre Álvaro (APAMA), a coastal massif at Espírito Santo State with expressive altitudinal amplitude (100-800 a.s.l.) containing remnants never floristically studied. Knowing the composition of this protected area is important because it includes an altitudinal range not yet evaluated in floristic comparisons involving highland and lowland forests between the latitudes 18-21° S. We found 493 species (in 292 genera and 91 families): ten are regional endemic species, nine are new records of occurrence for the state, and 52 are under some degree of threat of extinction. Our results indicate the presence of flora elements' typical of both highland and lowland forests, which makes the APAMA essential in a scenario extremely fragmented. Finally, our data provide an unprecedented floristic list for regional forest restoration projects, as well as an invaluable source of data for biogeographic studies that seek to understand the effect caused by neighboring vegetation types on the composition of lowland forests.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062021abb0038

Weed management in Roundup Ready® corn and soybean in Southern Brazil: survey of consultants’ perception
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Holkem, Aline S.

; Silva, Anelise L. da

; Bianchi, Mário A.

; Corassa, Geomar

; Ulguim, André R.

Advances in Weed Science

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2022, Volumen 40 elocation e020220111

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background The presence of weeds in Roundup Ready® (RR) soybean and corn crops compromises yield. Management practices recommended by the consultants and adopted by producers directly interfere in the occurrence of these species. Objective To survey management practices used in RR soybean and corn fields in the Rio Grande do Sul. Methods Data were gathered via the application of questionnaires during the 2018/19 growing season to consultants working with RR soybean and corn cropping in Rio Grande do Sul state. There were 112 responses, covering about 72 municipalities in the state. Results Technical consultants highlighted Conyza spp. and Lolium multiflorum as the most common weed species and classified resistance to herbicides and advanced stages of weeds at the time of herbicide application as the primary causes of low weed control efficacy. They observed an increase in resistance evolution and a two to three-fold increase in the use of herbicides in glyphosate-tolerant crops. Using a mixture of herbicides was the main recommendation for the management of weeds that escape control, while in areas with proven resistance, crop rotation was the main recommendation. Conclusions Crop rotation and herbicide mixtures are the most recommended management practices, with herbicide resistance and advanced stage of development listed as the main reasons for the difficulties of weed control.

https://doi.org/10.51694/advweedsci/2022;40:00003

MOLECULAR NETWORKING-BASED DEREPLICATION OF AMBUIC ACID DERIVATIVES FROM THE MARINE FUNGUS PESTALOTIOPSIS SP. 4A11
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Kellner Filho, Luis C.

; Assis, Rhenner N. A.

; Santos, Aline O. dos

; Targanski, Sabrina K.

; Siqueira, Kátia A.

; Medeiros, Livia S. de

; Angolini, Célio F. F.

; Silva, Felipe M. A. da

; Soares, Marcos A.

; Dias, Gustavo M.

; Silva, Marcio L. A.

; Cunha, Wilson R.

; Pauletti, Patricia M.

; Koolen, Hector H. F.

; Januario, Ana H.

Química Nova

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2022, Volumen 45 Nº 3 Paginas 268 - 274

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Ambuic acid (AA) is a highly-modified cyclohexenone and known as a promising inhibitor of quorum sensing in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and is thus a candidate as an antivirulence drug. This molecule is mainly produced by the species of Pestalotiopsis and, since its discovery twenty years ago, only a restricted amount of AA-derivatives have been described. Despite being a promising subject, methods for the analysis of modified AA-analogues via mass spectrometry remain unexplored. In order to adress this question, the marine fungus Pestalotiopsis sp. 4A11 associated with the ascidian Didemnum perlucidum was grown in a solid rice medium and its crude extract was chemically studied. From this extract, AA and 10-hydroxy ambuic acid (10-HAA) were isolated and identified using NMR spectroscopy with the aim of obtaining model compounds for the MS analysis. These served as reference compounds (seeds) to guide the dereplication of other AA-analogues via LC-MS/MS-based molecular networking. Based on the manual interpretation of the fragmentation pathways of the seeds and related compounds observed in the networks, six AA-derivatives were dereplicated in the extract. Furthermore, three analogues with unprecedented chemical formulas were proposed as putative unprecedented AA-derivatives. The fragmentation annotation proposed represents a fast and feasible method for characterizing AA-derivatives.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170819

Spotlight on latent tuberculosis infection screening for juvenile idiopathic arthritis in two countries, comparing high and low risk patients
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Piotto, Daniela

; Nicacio, Aline

; Neto, Agna

; Mourão, Ana Filipa

; Oliveira-Ramos, Filipa

; Campanilho-Marques, Raquel

; Guedes, Margarida

; Cabral, Marta

; Santos, Maria José

; Fonseca, João Eurico

; Canhão, Helena

; Aikawa, Nádia Emi

; Oliveira, Sheila K. F.

; Ferriani, Virginia P. L.

; Pileggi, Gecilmara C. S.

; Magalhães, Claudia S.

; Silva, Clovis Artur

; Terreri, Maria Teresa

Advances in Rheumatology

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2022, Volumen 62 elocation 20

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Rheumatic diseases are associated with an increase in overall risks of tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of TB and the frequency of latent TB infection (LTBI), in clinical practice, for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients from high and low risk of TB incidence endemic countries. Methods: This is an international, multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study of data collection from Brazil and Registry of Portugal at REUMA.PT. The inclusion criteria were patients with Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA) with age ≤ 18 years who underwent screening for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection [tuberculin skin test (TST) and/or interferon gamma release assay (IGRA)]. Chest X-rays and history of exposure to TB were also assessed. Results: 292 JIA patients were included; mean age 14.3 years, mean disease duration 7.5 years, 194 patients (66.4%) performed only TST, 14 (4.8%) only IGRA and 84 (28.8%) both. The frequency of LTBI (10.6%) and TB was similar between the two countries. The reasons for TB screening were different; in Brazil it was performed more often at JIA onset while in Portugal it was performed when starting Disease Modified Anti-Rheumatic Drugs (DMARD) treatment (p < 0.001). Isoniazid therapy was prescribed in 40 (13.7%) patients (31 with LTBI and 9 with epidemiologic risks and/or due to contact with sick people). Only three patients (1%) developed active TB. Conclusion: We found nearly 10% of patients with LTBI, a small percentage of patients with treatment due to epide-miologic risks and only 1% with active TB. Distinct reasons and screening methods for LTBI were observed between the two countries.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s42358-022-00251-6

10.

HYDROPHILIC POLYMER CHANGES THE WATER DEMAND IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A DWARF CASHEW ORCHARD
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Gondim, Rubens S.

; Serrano, Luiz A. L.

; Maia, Aline de H. N.

; Silva, Janderson P. da

Engenharia Agrícola

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Jun 2020, Volumen 40 Nº 3 Paginas 344 - 351

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Important losses of dwarf cashew seedlings during the establishment of orchards in the Brazilian semiarid are related to the relatively short rainy season. This study aimed to evaluate biochar and hydrophilic polymer as soil amendments to increase water retention and reduce plant death in the first year. An experiment was conducted at the Curu Station, Paraipaba, CE, Brazil, using the clone BRS 226. The experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with amounts of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 kg of cashew wood biochar and 20, 40, 60, 80 g of hydrophilic polymer applied per pit, as well as a control treatment (no soil amendment). Seedlings were submitted to an irrigation regime to avoid water stress (5 L water seedling−1 when the tensiometer installed at a depth of 0.15 m reached 60 kPa). The variables of plant development number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, and canopy diameter were evaluated up to 374 days after transplanting to the field. The analysis of variance showed no treatment effect on plant development. However, minimum water consumption was observed when 29.56 g of hydrophilic polymer was applied per pit, providing 100.0% seedling survival.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n3p344-351/2020 558 descargas

11.

Unexpected Rearrangement and Aromatization on Dehydration Reaction of the Bioactive Diterpenequinone 7α-Hydroxyroyleanone
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Leitão, Gilda G.

; Pinheiro, Aline G. L.

; Rezende, Victor L. D.

; Silva, Raphael S. F.

; Paula, Leonardo R.

; Soares, Deivid C.

; Saraiva, Elvira M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Mar 2020, Volumen 31 Nº 3 Paginas 597 - 602

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

7a-Hydroxyroyleanone is a bioactive diterpene isolated from leaves of Tetradenia riparia, active against tuberculosis and T. cruzi. In order to use this compound as starting material for the synthesis of compounds with enhanced bioactivity we aimed the dehydration of the 7-alpha-hydroxyl group of royleanone. The reaction performed in acetic acid and hydrochloric acid under reflux gave an unexpected chlorinated naphtoquinone, with aromatization and opening of one of the rings of the starting material, as major product, besides 6,7-dehydroroyleanone and a complex mixture of other products. The reaction products were purified by high-speed countercurrent chromatography with hexane-acetonitrile 1:1. Compounds were tested for their anti-leishmanial activity (L. amazonensis) pointing out a potential leishmanicidal agent which may favor the development of more effective therapies.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190223 288 descargas

12.

Diet and histological features of digestive tube from four discarded fish species by trawl bycatch in Northeastern Brazil
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Bomfim, Aline da Costa

; Farias, Daniel Solon Dias

; Barroso Mourão-Junior, Hamilton

; Morais, Iara Cecília da Costa

; Rossi, Silmara

; Gavilan, Simone Almeida

; Silva, Flávio José de Lima

Biota Neotropica

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2020, Volumen 20 Nº 3 elocation e20200951

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O hábito alimentar de peixes associado à morfologia do tubo digestivo pode fornecer informações biológicas e ecológicas úteis. Entre janeiro e dezembro de 2012, examinamos 16 espécies de peixes descartadas por pesca de arrasto na Bacia Potiguar, nordeste do Brasil, e as classificamos em quatro grupos, de acordo com o Índice Alimentar-IAi. Nossos objetivos foram: (1) fornecer informações sobre a composição da dieta de uma espécie representante de cada grupo (Opisthonema oglinum, Conodon nobilis, Larimus breviceps e Sphoeroides testudineus), (2) examinar a morfologia de seu tubo digestivo e (3) associar os itens alimentares ingeridos com as características morfológicas descritas. O conteúdo estomacal foi coletado e classificado de acordo com o IAi nas categorias: principal, acessória e secundária; fragmentos de esôfago, estômago e intestino delgado foram examinados pela técnica de secção em parafina. Os dados biométricos (comprimento total-CT, comprimento padrão-CP e peso total-PT), peso do estômago-PE e peso gonadal-PG foram registrados e aplicados em dois índices: (1) Índice de Repleção Estomacal - IR (IR = PE / PT × 100) e (2) Índice Gonadossomático - IGS (IGS = PG / PT × 100) para análises de atividade alimentar e reprodutiva, respectivamente. As principais categorias alimentares foram: (1) Teleostei para C. nobilis, (2) Crustacea para L. breviceps e O. oglinum, e (3) Mollusca para S. testudineus. Maior atividade alimentar ocorreu durante a estação seca, e o IGS foi maior na estação chuvosa. O exame morfológico revelou estrutura regular dos tecidos analisados, destacando-se a presença de glândulas gástricas tubulares e camadas musculares espessas no estômago (O. oglinum; L. breviceps); cecos pilóricos bem desenvolvidos no intestino (O. oglinum; C. nobilis; L. breviceps); e presença de pseudoestômago (S. testudineus). Nosso estudo confirma que o tubo digestivo das espécies examinadas possui adequação morfológica ao hábito alimentar carnívoro e fornece informações úteis sobre as estruturas dos tecidos associados à composição da dieta.

Abstract: Fish feeding habit associated to the morphology of their digestive tube can provide useful biological and ecological information. Between January and December 2012, we examined 16 fish species discarded by trawl in the Potiguar basin, northeastern Brazil, and classified them into four groups according to Alimentary Index - IAi. Our aims were to: (1) provide information on diet composition of one species represented by each group (Opisthonema oglinum, Conodon nobilis, Larimus breviceps and Sphoeroides testudineus), (2) examine the morphology of their digestive tube, and (3) associate ingested food items with the morphological features. Stomach contents were collected and classified according to IAi: main, accessory and secondary categories; fragments of esophagus, stomach, and small intestine were examined using paraffin section technique. Biometric data (total length-TL, standard length-SL and total weight-TW), stomach weight-SW, and gonadal weight-GW were recorded and applied in two indices: (1) the stomach Repletion Index - SRI (SRI = SW/TW × 100) and (2) the gonadosomatic index - GSI (GSI = GW/TW × 100) for the analyses of feeding and reproductive activities, respectively. The main food categories were (1) Teleostei for C. nobilis, (2) Crustacea for L. breviceps and O. oglinum, and (3) Mollusca for S. testudineus. The feeding activity was higher during the dry season, while the GSI was higher in the rainy season. The morphological analysis revealed a regular structure of the tissues analyzed. We highlight the presence of tubular gastric glands and strong muscular walls in the stomach (O. oglinum; L. breviceps); well-developed pyloric caecum in the intestine (O. oglinum; C. nobilis; L. breviceps); and presence of pseudo-stomach (S. testudineus). Our study confirms that the digestive tube of the examined species has morphological adequacy for carnivorous feeding habit, providing useful information on tissue structures associated to diet composition.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-0951 814 descargas

13.

Maturation and Maceration Effects on Tropical Red Wines Assessed by Chromatography and Analysis of Variance - Principal Component Analysis
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Barbará, Janaína A.

; Silva, Érica A. S.

; Biasoto, Aline C. T.

; Gomes, Adriano A.

; Correa, Luiz C.

; Leão, Patrícia C. S.

; Zini, Cláudia A.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2019, Volumen 30 Nº 7 Paginas 1357 - 1377

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Effects of grape maturity, maceration length during winemaking and interaction of both of them on physicochemical parameters, phenolic and volatile composition were investigated in tropical Syrah wines with the aim of finding the best conditions to produce wines that are rich in phenols and positive aroma active compounds. A headspace solid phase micro extraction and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) method was improved and validated for the analysis of 41 volatiles. Principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA)-PCA coupled with inspection of statistically significant loadings were important to access the effects of maturation and maceration on wine composition. Wines made from riper grapes (21-23 ºBrix) stood out in relation to color intensity, total phenolic compounds, and presented high levels of anthocyanins, flavonols, procyanidin A2, and linalool (floral). Thirty days of maceration were linked to higher levels of some flavan-3-ols, gallic acid, a few esters (fruity) and alcohols, (E)-nerolidol (floral), while nonanoic acid (unpleasant aroma) reduced its concentration with prolonged maceration.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190032 570 descargas

14.

Concomitance of Aids and cysticercosis in autopsies
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Cavellani, Camila L.

; Favarato, Grace Kelly N. A.

; Silva, Aline Cristina S.

; Oliveira, Lívia F.

; Faleiros, Ana Carolina G.

; Corrêa, Rosana Rosa M.

; Lino-Júnior, Ruy S.

; Teixeira, Vicente de Paula A.

Jornal Brasileiro de Patologia e Medicina Laboratorial

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Jun 2019, Volumen 55 Nº 3 Paginas 305 - 314

Resumen: Pt En Es | Texto: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar a concomitância entre cisticercose e síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida (Aids) em pacientes autopsiados em um hospital escola de Minas Gerais, Brasil. É possível associar cisticercose e pacientes com Aids, mas eles podem ou não apresentar os sintomas, dependendo do seu estado imunológico. Por isso, é necessário que a cisticercose entre no rol de infecções oportunistas e que mais estudos sejam feitos para melhor compreensão dessa coinfecção.

ABSTRACT The objective of the present study was to report the concomitance of cysticercosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (Aids) in autopsied patients at a school hospital in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. Cysticercosis can be seen in patients with Aids, who may or may not present symptoms according to their immunological state. Therefore, it is necessary that cysticercosis be included in the list of opportunistic infections, and that more studies be carried out for a better understanding of this coinfection.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente trabajo es reportar la concomitancia entre cisticercosis y el síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (Sida) en pacientes sometidos a autopsia en un hospital universitario de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Es posible asociar cisticercosis y pacientes con Sida, pero ellos pueden presentar síntomas o no, según su situación inmunitaria. Por eso, se recomienda incluir la cisticercosis en la lista de infecciones oportunistas y realizar más estudios para mejorar la comprensión de esa coinfección.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1676-2444.20190025 1039 descargas

15.

Quality monitoring of soybean seed tests using Statistical Process Control
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Alcântara, Aline S.

; Prado, Jéssica P. do

; Corrêa, Rafael de G.

; Silva, Rouverson P. da

; Voltarelli, Murilo A.

; Vieira, Roberval D.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Oct 2018, Volumen 22 Nº 10 Paginas 689 - 695

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O sucesso da lavoura de soja depende de diversos fatores, entre eles cita-se a utilização de sementes de elevada qualidade fisiológica a fim de garantir a obtenção da população de plantas desejada na lavoura. Dessa forma, objetivou-se, por meio das ferramentas do Controle Estatístico de Processo (CEP), monitorar possíveis falhas no processo de produção das sementes e buscar relação entre os testes de germinação e tetrazólio. O delineamento experimental foi baseado nas premissas do CEP, utilizando como indicadores de qualidade a porcentagem de germinação, viabilidade das sementes, danos mecânicos, por percevejo e por umidade. Foi possível detectar falhas no processo de produção de sementes de soja por meio das cartas de controle, dos testes de germinação e tetrazólio, sendo principalmente estas causas relacionadas a danos mecânicos e ataque de percevejos.

ABSTRACT The success of soybean cultivation depends on several factors, one which is the use of high-quality seeds, which can guarantee growth of the desired plant population. The objective of this study was to monitor possible failures during the seed production process, and to determine the association between germination and tetrazolium tests through tools of Statistical Process Control (CEP). The experimental design was based on premises of the CEP, using percentage of germination, seed viability, mechanical damage, bed bug, and moisture as indicators of quality. It is possible to detect flaws in the soybean production process through control charts, as well as through germination and tetrazolium tests; results indicated that germination failures are largely caused by mechanical damage and bed bug attacks.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n10p689-695 929 descargas

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