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Abstract Objective To evaluate the impact of the race (Black versus non-Black) on maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnant women with COVID-19 in Brazil. Methods This is a subanalysis of REBRACO, a Brazilian multicenter cohort study designed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on pregnant women. From February2020 until February 2021, 15 maternity hospitals in Brazil collected data on women with respiratory symptoms. We selected all women with a positive test for COVID-19; then, we divided them into two groups: Black and non-Black women. Finally, we compared, between groups, sociodemographic, maternal, and perinatal outcomes. We obtained the frequency of events in each group and compared them using X2 test; p-values < 0.05 were considered significant. We also estimated the odds ratio (OR) and confidence intervals (CI). Results 729 symptomatic women were included in the study; of those, 285 were positive for COVID-19, 120 (42.1%) were Black, and 165 (57.9%) were non-Black. Black women had worse education (p = 0.037). The timing of access to the health system was similar between both groups, with 26.3% being included with seven or more days of symptoms. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (OR 2.22 CI 1.17–4.21), intensive care unit admission (OR 2.00 CI 1.07–3.74), and desaturation at admission (OR 3.72 CI 1.41–9.84) were more likely to occur among Black women. Maternal death was higher among Black women (7.8% vs. 2.6%, p = 0.048). Perinatal outcomes were similar between both groups. Conclusion Brazilian Black women were more likely to die due to the consequences of COVID-19.

Resumo Objetivo Avaliar o impacto da raça (negra versus não negra) nos desfechos maternos e perinatais de gestantes com COVID-19 no Brasil. Métodos Esta é uma subanálise da REBRACO, um estudo de coorte multicêntrico brasileiro desenhado para avaliar o impacto da COVID-19 em mulheres grávidas. De fevereiro de 2020 a fevereiro de 2021, 15 maternidades do Brasil coletaram dados de mulheres com sintomas respiratórios. Selecionamos todas as mulheres com teste positivo para COVID-19; em seguida, as dividimos em dois grupos: mulheres negras e não negras. Finalmente, comparamos, entre os grupos, os resultados sociodemográficos, maternos e perinatais. Obtivemos a frequência dos eventos em cada grupo e comparamos usando o teste X2; Valores de p <0,05 foram considerados significativos. Também estimamos o odds ratio (OR) e os intervalos de confiança (IC). Resultados 729 mulheres sintomáticas foram incluídas no estudo; desses, 285 foram positivos para COVID-19, 120 (42,1%) eram negros e 165 (57,9%) não eram negros. As mulheres negras apresentaram pior escolaridade (p = 0,037). O tempo de acesso ao sistema de saúde foi semelhante entre os dois grupos, com 26,3% incluídos com sete ou mais dias de sintomas. Síndrome respiratória aguda grave (OR 2,22 CI 1,17–4,21), admissão em unidade de terapia intensiva (OR 2,00 CI 1,07–3,74) e dessaturação na admissão (OR 3,72 CI 1,41–9,84) foram mais prováveis de ocorrer entre mulheres negras. A mortalidade materna foi maior entre as negras (7,8% vs. 2,6%, p = 0,048). Os resultados perinatais foram semelhantes entre os dois grupos. Conclusão Mulheres negras brasileiras tiveram maior probabilidade de morrer devido às consequências da COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0043-1770133

Monkeypox (Mpox) virus isolation and ultrastructural characterisation from a Brazilian human sample case
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Miranda, Milene Dias

; Caldas, Gabriela Cardoso

; Ferreira, Vivian Neuza

; Barth, Ortrud Monika

; da Silva, Aline de Paula Dias

; Silva, Mayara Secco Torres

; Grinsztejn, Beatriz

; Veloso, Valdiléa Gonçalves

; Souza, Thiago Moreno

; da Silva, Edson Elias

; Barreto-Vieira, Debora Ferreira

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volumen 118 elocation e230090

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND According to the last 2023 Monkeypox (Mpox) Outbreak Global Map from the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), more than 100 countries with no Mpox infection report cases. Brazil stands out in this group and is the second country with the highest number of cases in the last outbreak. OBJECTIVE To contribute to knowledge of the virus infection effects in a cellular model, which is important for diagnosis infections not yet included in a provider´s differential diagnosis and for developing viral inhibition strategies. METHODS We describe a virus isolation protocol for a human clinical sample from a patient from Brazil, the viral growth in a cell model through plaque forming units (PFU) assay, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). FINDINGS We follow the viral isolation in Vero cell culture from a Mpox positive clinically diagnosed sample and show the infection effects on cellular structures using a TEM. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Understanding the impact of viral growth on cellular structures and its replication kinetics may offer better strategies for the development of new drugs with antiviral properties.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230090

Detection and characterization of a coxsackievirus B2 strain associated with acute meningoencephalitis, Brazil, 2018
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Sousa Jr, Ivanildo Pedro de

; Machado, Raiana Scerni

; Burlandy, Fernanda Marcicano

; Silva, Edson Elias da

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volumen 54 elocation e20190499

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Although different etiological agents can cause acute meningoencephalitis, this syndrome is usually associated with viruses. Among these, enteroviruses play a significant role. Here, we describe a fatal case of meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy teenager. Real-time RT-PCR and cell culture assays were performed with serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from a clinically diagnosed meningoencephalitis case that occurred in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. Coxsackievirus B2 (CVB2) was identified. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified CVB2 was genetically related to strains known to cause neurological diseases. This case highlights the importance of continuous laboratory surveillance of central nervous system infections.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0499-2019 515 descargas

Herpes simplex virus transmission following brown howler monkey (Alouatta guariba) bite
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Lyra, Marcelo Rosandiski

; Oliveira, Lara Braga

; Silva, Edson Elias da

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2019, Volumen 52 elocation e20180218

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0218-2018 1614 descargas

Seronegativity to polio viruses among previously immunized adult candidates to solid organ transplantation
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Brandão, Luciana Gomes Pedro

; Brasil, Pedro Emmanuel Alvarenga Americano do

; Oliveira, Silas de Souza

; Silva, Edson Elias da

; Lopes, Guilherme Santoro

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Mar 2018, Volumen 22 Nº 2 Paginas 150 - 152

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In the current effort to eliminate polio from the world, it is important to recognize and vaccinate susceptible groups, especially immunocompromised patients living in countries where attenuated polio vaccine is still used. In this report, we describe the frequency of protective antibodies in a small sample of adult SOT candidates in whom previous vaccination could be ascertained. Patients included in this report were selected among the participants of an ongoing prospective study carried out at the Reference Center for Special Immunobiologicals of the Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Among the first 100 patients enrolled in this study, only seven adult SOT candidates had proven polio vaccination at childhood. Three of these seven patients (43%) had no protective antibody titers to one or more poliovirus subtype before solid organ transplant. Proven childhood vaccination against polio does not reliably provide lifelong protective antibody titers for adult SOT candidates and should not be used as a criterion to analyze the need for vaccination in this population.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2018.02.003 615 descargas

O Jogo das Garantias dos Direitos Sociais das Pessoas com Deficiência
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Célio Sobrinho, Reginaldo

; Sá, Maria das Graças Silva Carvalho de

; Pantaleão, Edson

Educação & Realidade

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Dic 2017, Volumen 42 Nº 4 Paginas 1303 - 1317

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Discute a força relativa das instituições especializadas em Educação Especial no jogo social de concretização dos direitos sociais das pessoas com deficiência. Segue as orientações teórico-metodológicas da pesquisa do tipo etnográfico e assume o modelo de jogo, elaborado por Elias (2005), como principal fundamento. Observamos que a centralidade dessas instituições especializadas no contexto das políticas de educação inclusiva fundamenta-se em dois dispositivos interdependentes: 1) a produção e a disseminação do conhecimento sobre os modos de intervenção com as pessoas em situação de deficiência, numa perspectiva médico-clínica, e 2) a face assistencialista do liberalismo econômico e político que orientou a consolidação do Estado Moderno.

Abstract: The article discusses the relative strength of special needs education institutions in a social game for the achievement of disabled people social rights. It is an ethnographic research and has the game model, developed by Elias (2005) as its main foundation. The centrality of special needs education institutions in the context of inclusive education policies is based on two interdependent devices: 1) the production and dissemination of knowledge on the intervention methods with people living with disabilities, under a medical-clinical perspective, and 2) the assistentialist side of economic and political liberalism.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-623664287 2387 descargas

Chest magnetic resonance imaging: a protocol suggestion
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Hochhegger, Bruno

; Souza, Vinícius Valério Silveira de

; Marchiori, Edson

; Irion, Klaus Loureiro

; Souza Jr., Arthur Soares

; Elias Junior, Jorge

; Rodrigues, Rosana Souza

; Barreto, Miriam Menna

; Escuissato, Dante Luiz

; Mançano, Alexandre Dias

; Araujo Neto, César Augusto

; Guimarães, Marcos Duarte

; Nin, Carlos Schuler

; Santos, Marcel Koenigkam

; Silva, Jorge Luiz Pereira e

Radiologia Brasileira

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Dic 2015, Volumen 48 Nº 6 Paginas 373 - 380

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Nos últimos anos, com o desenvolvimento de sequências ultrarrápidas, a ressonância magnética (RM) tem-se estabelecido como uma ferramenta de diagnóstico por imagem de grande valor. Em virtude dos aperfeiçoamentos na velocidade de aquisição e na qualidade das imagens, a RM é atualmente um método apropriado também para o estudo de doenças pulmonares. A principal vantagem da RM é sua combinação única que permite avaliação morfológica e funcional em um mesmo exame de imagem. Neste artigo iremos revisar aspectos técnicos e sugerir um protocolo para a realização de RM do tórax. Também serão descritas as três maiores indicações de RM do tórax: estadiamento para neoplasia pulmonar, avaliação de doença vascular do pulmão e investigação de doenças pulmonares em pacientes que não devem ser expostos à radiação ionizante.

Abstract In the recent years, with the development of ultrafast sequences, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been established as a valuable diagnostic modality in body imaging. Because of improvements in speed and image quality, MRI is now ready for routine clinical use also in the study of pulmonary diseases. The main advantage of MRI of the lungs is its unique combination of morphological and functional assessment in a single imaging session. In this article, the authors review most technical aspects and suggest a protocol for performing chest MRI. The authors also describe the three major clinical indications for MRI of the lungs: staging of lung tumors; evaluation of pulmonary vascular diseases; and investigation of pulmonary abnormalities in patients who should not be exposed to radiation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2014.0017 13538 descargas

Análise comparativa de rentabilidade: um estudo sobre o Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial
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Silva, Elias Hans Dener Ribeiro da

; Lima, Edson Pinheiro de

; Costa, Sérgio Eduardo Gouvêa da

; Sant'Anna, Ângelo Márcio Oliveira

Gestão & Produção

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Dic 2015, Volumen 22 Nº 4 Paginas 743 - 754

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Organizações têm se esforçado para demonstrar à sociedade suas políticas de boas práticas sociais e ambientais e os investimentos socialmente responsáveis têm sido cada vez mais relevantes, fundamentando a crescente criação de índices de sustentabilidade empresarial. Muitos estudos têm sido feitos sobre o ISE - Índice de Sustentabilidade Empresarial – da BM&FBovespa, para averiguar se a carteira de ações composta por empresas consideradas sustentáveis traz maior retorno aos acionistas do que a carteira de ações de outros índices. Porém, grande parte dessas pesquisas dá foco ao valor das ações como forma de geração de valor e poucos são os estudos que se pautam em análises fundamentalistas. Este trabalho tem por objetivo comparar indicadores fundamentalistas de rentabilidade entre um grupo de empresas participantes do ISE e um grupo de referência, verificando se a gestão sustentável gera rentabilidade empresarial e a forma como criam valor aos acionistas. Os grupos foram comparados e as evidências encontradas, por meio da utilização do teste estatístico t-student, demonstram que, apesar de o ISE possuir uma carteira teórica diferenciada, voltada ao tema social, ambiental e ético, a rentabilidade das empresas que a compõem é semelhante ou inferior à das empresas do grupo de referência. Apesar disso, percebe-se que o grupo ISE apresenta outras formas de criação de valor ao acionista, como menor volatilidade e menor exposição ao risco.

Abstract Organizations have been striving to show society their policies of good social and environmental practices; consequently, they have been increasingly investing in socially responsible actions, one of the reasons for the growing creation of indexes of corporate sustainability. Many studies have been conducted on the ISE - Corporate Sustainability Index - of BM&F Bovespa to verify whether the portfolio composed of sustainable companies brings higher return to shareholders than other portfolios of regular companies. However, most of these researches focus on the stock value as a way to generate value, and there are few studies focusing on fundamental analysis. The main purpose of this paper is to compare fundamentalist profitability indicators between a group of companies that compose the ISE index and a reference group, verifying whether sustainable management improves business profitability, and how it creates value for shareholders. The groups were compared; the evidences found by using the t-student statistical test show that in spite of having a differentiated theoretical portfolio, focused on social, environmental and ethical issues, the profitability of companies that compose the ISE Group is similar to or lower than that of companies of the reference group. Nevertheless, the results show that the companies of the ISE Group have other ways to create shareholder value, such as lower volatility and risk exposure.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-530X1889-14 7617 descargas

Rheological, mechanical and morphological properties of poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly(ethylene terephthalate) blend with dual reactive interfacial compatibilization
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Reinaldo, Juciklécia da Silva

; Nascimento, Maria Carolina Burgos Costa do

; Ito, Edson Noriyuki

; Hage Junior, Elias

Polímeros

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Oct 2015, Volumen 25 Nº 5 Paginas 451 - 460

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In this work, the rheological, mechanical and morphological behavior of immiscible blend poly (methyl methacrylate) with elastomeric particles (PMMAelast) and post-consumer poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) with and without the use of the interfacial compatibilizer poly (methyl methacrylate-co-glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) (MGE) was studied. The significant increase in torque presented in rheological analyses has shown a indication of chemical reactions between the epoxy group of MGE with end groups of PET chains and also with the elastomeric phase of PMMAelast. The increased concentration of PET yielded an increase in maximum strength and elasticity modulus and a decrease in elongation at break. The PMMAelast/PET binary blend (50/50 wt%) and PMMAelast/PET/MGE compatibilized blend (65/30/5 wt%) showed pronounced results in elongation at break compared to PMMAelast, whereas, in the first results were due to the evidence of a co-continuous morphological structure and in the second, due to the efficiency of the dual reactive interfacial compatibilization of PMMAelast/PET blends. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses showed that PMMAelast/PET/MGE blends exhibit complex phase morphology due to the presence of elastomeric particles in the PMMAelast copolymer and in the use of MGE terpolymer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.1924 4212 descargas

10.

Serologic survey of West Nile virus in horses from Central-West, Northeast and Southeast Brazil
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Silva, Jaqueline Raymondi

; Medeiros, Larissa Campos de

; Reis, Vinícius Pinho dos

; Chávez, Juliana Helena

; Munhoz, Thiago Demarchi

; Borges, Gustavo Puia

; Soares, Otavio Augusto Brioschi

; Campos, Carlos Henrique Coelho de

; Machado, Rosângela Zacarias

; Baldani, Cristiane Divan

; Silva, Maria Luana Cristiny Rodrigues

; Faria, Joice Lara Maia

; Silva, Edson Elias da

; Figueiredo, Luiz Tadeu Moraes

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Nov 2013, Volumen 108 Nº 7 Paginas 921 - 923

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Since the emergence of West Nile virus (WNV) in North America in 1999, there have been several reports of WNV activity in Central and South American countries. To detect WNV in Brazil, we performed a serological survey of horses from different regions of Brazil using recombinant peptides from domain III of WNV. Positive samples were validated with the neutralisation test. Our results showed that of 79 ELISA-positive horses, nine expressed WNV-specific neutralising antibodies. Eight of the infected horses were from the state of Mato Grosso do Sul and one was from the state of Paraíba. Our results provide additional evidence for the emergence of WNV in Brazil and for its circulation in multiple regions of the country.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-0276130052 1898 descargas

11.

Precipitação pluviométrica e vazão da bacia hidrográfica do Riozinho do Rôla, Amazônia Ocidental
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Macêdo, Maria de Nazaré Costa de

; Dias, Herly Carlos Teixeira

; Coelho, France Maria Gontijo

; Araújo, Edson Alves

; Souza, Maria Lúcia Hall de

; Silva, Elias

Revista Ambiente & Água

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Abr 2013, Volumen 8 Nº 1 Paginas 206 - 221

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar aspectos que influenciam o comportamento hidrológico da bacia hidrográfica do Riozinho do Rôla, por meio do uso de instrumentos de análise descritiva. Com vistas em realizar uma análise representativa da precipitação média da bacia, foram instalados 14 pluviômetros. Para a coleta dos dados de chuva, referentes aos anos de 2007 e 2008, contou-se com a participação voluntária dos moradores da região, que, ao concordar em participar da pesquisa, foram treinados, desde o momento da instalação dos pluviômetros. Para delimitar e calcular a área dos polígonos de Thiessen, utilizou-se o software ArcGis 9.2 e, em ambiente Excel, foram calculados as médias Aritmética e de Thiessen. Os valores encontrados de precipitação média foram de 1.428 mm pela média Aritmética e de 1.450mm pelo método de Thiessen. Com dados da Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA), calculou-se a precipitação pluviométrica e vazão da bacia para o período de 1998 a 2005. A sazonalidade da precipitação reflete no comportamento temporal da vazão, que atingiu picos de 1.276,9 m³/s em período de cheia e, 4,1 m³/s em períodos com menor pluviosidade. Este comportamento está fundamentalmente relacionado aos aspectos naturais e sociais como: ocorrência de rede hidrográfica com características de cabeceiras associado a um regime hidrológico marcado pela alta sazonalidade, baixa permeabilidade de seus solos e intensificação do desmatamento na região, em sua maioria, com pecuária extensiva.

The present study was conducted to analyze the factors influencing the hydrological behavior of the Riozinho do Rôla hydrographic basin, and was based on descriptive analysis tools. Fourteen pluviometers were set up in order to conduct a representative analysis of the rainfall in the basin. Residents of the area voluntarily participated in collection of the rainfall data in the years 2007 and 2008; the residents were trained to collect the data before the pluviometers were installed. ArcGis 9.2 software was used to outline and calculate the area of the Thiessen polygons, and both arithmetic and Thiessen precipitation means were calculated using Excel software. The average precipitation values were 1,428 mm and 1,450 mm, as calculated using the arithmetic mean and Thiessen method, respectively. Using data from the Agência Nacional de Águas (ANA), the rainfall and flow rate in the basin were calculated for the period from 1998 to 2005. The seasonality of precipitation is reflected in the temporary flow rate activity, which reached a peak of 1,276.9 m³/s during the flood period and 4.1 m³/s during periods of the dry season. This behavior is fundamentally related to natural and social aspects of the basin, such as the occurrence of a hydrographic network with characteristics of a headwater associated with a hydrological regime marked by high seasonality; the low permeability of the soils in the basin; and the intensification of deforestation in the region in order to develop livestock as a privileged form of land use.

https://doi.org/10.4136/ambi-agua.809 14191 descargas Citado 1 vez en SciELO

12.

A RT-PCR method for selective amplification and phenotypic characterization of all three serotypes of Sabin-related polioviruses from viral mixtures
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Costa, Eliane Veiga da

; Campos, Renata de Mendonça

; Tavares, Fernando Neto

; Grégio, Cátia Regina Valério

; Burlandy, Fernanda Marcicano

; Silva, Edson Elias da

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Ago 2012, Volumen 107 Nº 5 Paginas 698 - 701

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Outbreaks caused by vaccine-derived polioviruses are challenging the final eradication of paralytic poliomyelitis. Therefore, the surveillance of the acute flaccid paralysis cases based on poliovirus isolation and characterization remains an essential activity. Due to the use of trivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV), mixtures containing more than one serotype of Sabin-related polioviruses are frequently isolated from clinical samples. Because each poliovirus isolate needs to be individually analyzed, we designed polymerase chain reaction primers that can selectively distinguish and amplify a genomic segment of the three Sabin-related poliovirus serotypes present in mixtures, thus, optimizing the diagnosis and providing prompt information to support epidemiologic actions.

2503 descargas

13.

Neutralising antibodies for West Nile virus in horses from Brazilian Pantanal
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Pauvolid-Corrêa, Alex

; Morales, Maria Alejandra

; Levis, Silvana

; Figueiredo, Luis Tadeu Moraes

; Couto-Lima, Dinair

; Campos, Zilca

; Nogueira, Marcia Furlan

; Silva, Edson Elias da

; Nogueira, Rita Maria Ribeiro

; Schatzmayr, Hermann Gonçalves

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Jun 2011, Volumen 106 Nº 4 Paginas 467 - 474

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Despite evidence of West Nile virus (WNV) activity in Colombia, Venezuela and Argentina, this virus has not been reported in most South American countries. In February 2009, we commenced an investigation for WNV in mosquitoes, horses and caimans from the Pantanal, Central-West Brazil. The sera of 168 horses and 30 caimans were initially tested using a flaviviruses-specific epitope-blocking enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (blocking ELISA) for the detection of flavivirus-reactive antibodies. The seropositive samples were further tested using a plaque-reduction neutralisation test (PRNT90) for WNV and its most closely-related flaviviruses that circulate in Brazil to confirm the detection of specific virus-neutralising antibodies. Of the 93 (55.4%) blocking ELISA-seropositive horse serum samples, five (3%) were seropositive for WNV, nine (5.4%) were seropositive for St. Louis encephalitis virus, 18 (10.7%) were seropositive for Ilheus virus, three (1.8%) were seropositive for Cacipacore virus and none were seropositive for Rocio virus using PRNT90, with a criteria of > four-fold antibody titre difference. All caimans were negative for flaviviruses-specific antibodies using the blocking ELISA. No virus genome was detected from caiman blood or mosquito samples. The present study is the first report of confirmed serological evidence of WNV activity in Brazil.

5473 descargas Citado 13 veces en SciELO

14.

Serologic evidence of the recent circulation of Saint Louis encephalitis virus and high prevalence of equine encephalitis viruses in horses in the Nhecolândia sub-region in South Pantanal, Central-West Brazil
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Pauvolid-Corrêa, Alex

; Tavares, Fernando Neto

; Costa, Eliane Veiga da

; Burlandy, Fernanda Marcicano

; Murta, Michele

; Pellegrin, Aiesca Oliveira

; Nogueira, Márcia Furlan

; Silva, Edson Elias da

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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Sep 2010, Volumen 105 Nº 6 Paginas 829 - 833

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

As in humans, sub-clinical infection by arboviruses in domestic animals is common; however, its detection only occurs during epizootics and the silent circulation of some arboviruses may remain undetected. The objective of the present paper was to assess the current circulation of arboviruses in the Nhecolândia sub-region of South Pantanal, Brazil. Sera from a total of 135 horses, of which 75 were immunized with bivalent vaccine composed of inactive Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and Western equine encephalitis virus(WEEV) and 60 were unvaccinated, were submitted to thorough viral isolation, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and neutralization tests for Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), EEEV, WEEV and Mayaro virus (MAYV). No virus was isolated and viral nucleic-acid detection by RT-PCR was also negative. Nevertheless, the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in horses older than seven months was 43.7% for SLEV in equines regardless of vaccine status, and 36.4% for WEEV and 47.7% for EEEV in unvaccinated horses. There was no evidence of MAYV infections. The serologic evidence of circulation of arboviruses responsible for equine and human encephalitis, without recent official reports of clinical infections in the area, suggests that the Nhecolândia sub-region in South Pantanal is an important area for detection of silent activity of arboviruses in Brazil.

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15.

Preliminary investigation of Culicidae species in South Pantanal, Brazil and their potential importance in arbovirus transmission
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Pauvolid-Corrêa, Alex

; Tavares, Fernando Neto

; Alencar, Jeronimo

; Silva, Julia dos Santos

; Murta, Michele

; Serra-Freire, Nicolau Maués

; Pellegrin, Aiesca Oliveira

; Gil-Santana, Hélcio

; Guimarães, Anthony Érico

; Silva, Edson Elias da

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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Feb 2010, Volumen 52 Nº 1 Paginas 17 - 24

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Regiões como o Pantanal brasileiro, que apresentam fatores como riqueza de fauna silvestre incluindo circulação de aves migratórias e condições ambientais e climáticas favoráveis à proliferação de artrópodes estão potencialmente sujeitas à circulação de arbovírus. Entretanto, poucos trabalhos foram realizados acerca da presença de arbovírus em potenciais vetores no Pantanal. Neste sentido o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi conduzir uma investigação preliminar para presença de arbovírus em amostragens de culicídeos capturados na Sub-região da Nhecolândia no Pantanal Sul. Um total de 3684 mosquitos foi capturado, dos quais 78 grupos compondo uma amostragem de 1789 espécimes foram submetidos às técnicas de isolamento viral e RT-PCR para os mais importantes arbovírus no Brasil. Simultaneamente, 70 espécimes de carrapatos capturados durante hematofagia em cavalos também foram submetidos à pesquisa viral. Não houve isolamento viral em nenhuma amostra analisada e os resultados de detecção de ácido nucléico viral foram também negativos. Entretanto, foram identificadas 22 espécies de culicídeos, dez das quais previamente reportadas como vetores de importantes arbovírus. A competência vetorial de espécies capturadas durante hematofagia em humanos e cavalos aliada ao relato prévio de circulação de arbovírus sugerem a Sub-região da Nhecolândia como uma importante área de vigilância para arbovírus no Centro-Oeste do Brasil.

In view of the high circulation of migratory birds and the environmental and climatic conditions which favor the proliferation of arthropods, the Brazilian Pantanal is susceptible to circulation of arboviruses. However, the amount of data concerning arbovirus vectors in this area is scarce; therefore the aim of this study was to conduct a preliminary investigation of Culicidae species in the Nhecolândia Sub-region of South Pantanal, Brazil and their potential importance in the arbovirus transmission. A total of 3684 specimens of mosquitoes were captured, 1689 of which caught in the rainy season of 2007, were divided into 78 pools and submitted to viral isolation, Semi-Nested RT-PCR and Nested RT-PCR, with a view to identifying the most important arboviruses in Brazil. Simultaneously, 70 specimens of ticks found blood-feeding on horses were also submitted to the same virological assays. No virus was isolated and viral nucleic-acid detection by RT-PCR was also negative. Nevertheless, a total of 22 Culicidae species were identified, ten of which had previously been reported as vectors of important arboviruses. The diversity of species found blood-feeding on human and horse hosts together with the arboviruses circulation previously reported suggest that the Nhecolândia Sub-region of South Pantanal is an important area for arbovirus surveillance in Brazil.

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