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Abstract Conyza species are important weeds in global agriculture, especially due to their capacity to evolve resistance to multiple herbicide mechanisms of action. We aimed to evaluate the frequency and distribution of resistance to glyphosate and chlorimuron-ethyl in Conyza spp. populations from Brazil. Seed samples were collected from grain production areas across nine Brazilian states over five consecutive years (2014 to 2018). Prior to resistance monitoring trials, dose-response assays were conducted to determine a single dose of glyphosate or chlorimuron-ethyl to discriminate resistant and susceptible populations. Resistance monitoring based on plant responses to the application of discriminatory doses of glyphosate (960 g ha-1) or chlorimuron-ethyl (20 g ha-1). Populations were classified as resistant, moderately resistant, or susceptible to either herbicide. While glyphosate resistance was highly frequent (71.2%) in all the five years, chlorimuron-ethyl resistant populations occurred at 39.8% of the total. The frequency of multiple resistance to both herbicides (35.3%) was proportional to the occurrence of chlorimuron-ethyl resistance (39.6%). Resistance to glyphosate and to chlorimuron-ethyl were found across all states evaluated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120190425 562 descargas

Comparison of electrolyte and acid-base balances of Dorper breed ewes between single and twin pregnancies
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Santarosa, Bianca P.

; Dantas, Gabriela N.

; Ferreira, Danilo O.L.

; Carvalho, Marina G.

; Rodrigues, Mirian

; Pereira, Priscilla F.V.

; Silva, Andreza A.

; Gonçalves, Roberto C.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Oct 2019, Volumen 39 Nº 10 Paginas 789 - 795

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Durante a gestação ocorrem modificações metabólicas nas ovelhas que podem predispor a ocorrência de transtornos metabólicos, dos quais se destaca a toxemia da prenhez (TP). A hemogasometria é um exame que detecta alterações nos equilíbrios ácido-básico e eletrolítico de forma eficaz. Os objetivos deste estudo foram estudar os equilíbrios ácido-básico e eletrolítico de ovelhas durante a gestação e no periparto imediato (até 48 horas pós-parto), comparando-se gestação única com gemelar. Foram utilizadas 60 ovelhas criadas em manejo semi-intensivo, hígidas, da raça Dorper, com dois a cinco anos de idade. Foram constituídos dois grupos experimentais: Grupo 1: 30 ovelhas, com diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de gestação de feto único; Grupo 2: 30 ovelhas, com diagnóstico ultrassonográfico de gestação gemelar. Os momentos experimentais foram definidos como: MI - imediatamente após a inseminação artificial (controle); MG30 - 30 dias de gestação; MG90 - 90 dias de gestação; MG120 - 120 dias de gestação; MG130 - 130 dias de gestação; MG140 - 140 dias de gestação; MP - dia do parto; MPP1 - 24h pós-parto; MPP2 - 48h pós-parto. Em todos os momentos foi colhido 1mL de sangue por punção da veia jugular para avaliação hemogasométrica em aparelho portátil (I-Stat®). Foram analisados os parâmetros: pH, pressão de dióxido de carbono (PCO2), bicarbonato (HCO3-), excesso de bases (EB), sódio (Na+), potássio (K+), cloreto (Cl-), cálcio ionizado (iCa+2), lactato, ânion gap (AG) e diferença de íons fortes (SID). Este trabalho mostrou que houve mudanças nos equilíbrios ácido-básico e eletrolítico nas ovelhas prenhes, pela diminuição do EB, HCO3- e aumento do lactato e AG no decorrer da gestação, porém o pH se manteve dentro da normalidade e não apresentou diferença ao longo dos momentos em ambos os grupos. Comparando os grupos, as ovelhas de gestação única apresentaram maior consumo da reserva alcalina no momento do parto do que as de gestação gemelar, evidenciado menores níveis de EB e HCO3-. Foram observados níveis mais baixos de Na+ no pré-parto; queda dos valores de K+ com o avanço da gestação; hipercloremia e hipocalcemia durante a gestação segundo os padrões de referência para espécie e diminuição dos níveis de iCa+2 no terço final da gestação nas ovelhas de ambos os grupos. Concluiu-se que as ovelhas deste estudo apresentaram-se saudáveis até o último momento analisado (48h pós-parto), embora tenham mostrado maior consumo da reserva alcalina no periparto, sendo mais evidente nos animais de gestação única. Apesar disso, essa ocorrência pode ser considerada fisiológica e consequência do aumento da demanda energética durante a gestação, mais exacerbada no periparto.

ABSTRACT: During pregnancy there are modifications in the metabolic profile of sheep that may predispose to the occurrence of metabolic disorders, of which pregnancy toxaemia (PT) is highlighted. Blood gas analysis is detects changes in acid-base and electrolyte balance effectively. The objectives of this study were to study the acid-base and electrolyte balance of sheep during gestation and in the immediate peripartum (up to 48 hours postpartum), comparing single gestation with twins. Sixty healthy sheep of Dorper breed, two to five years old were raised in a semi-intensive system and were divided in two experimental groups: Group 1: 30 ewes, with ultrasonographic diagnosis of single fetus gestation; Group 2: 30 ewes, with ultrasonographic diagnosis of twin pregnancy. The experimental moments were defined as: MI-immediately after artificial insemination (control); MG30 - 30 days of gestation; MG90 - 90 days of gestation; MG120 - 120 days of gestation; MG130 - 130 days of gestation; MG140 - 140 days of gestation; MP - lambing; MPP1 - 24h postpartum; MPP2 - 48h postpartum. At all times 1mL of blood was collected per jugular vein puncture for blood gas evaluation in a portable equipament (I-Stat®). The pH, carbon dioxide pressure (PCO2), bicarbonate (HCO3-), base excess (BE), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl-), ionized calcium (Ca+2), lactate, anion gap (AG) were mensured and strong ion difference (SID) were calculed. This work showed that there were changes in acid-base and electrolyte balance in pregnant ewes, due to the decrease in BE, HCO3-, TCO2 and increase of lactate and AG during gestation, but the pH remained normal and did not present any difference among moments in both groups. Comparing the groups, single-gestation ewes presented higher alkaline expenditure at delivery than twin-gestation, evidenced by lower levels of BE and HCO3-. Lower Na+ levels were observed in prepartum; drop in K+ values with advancing gestation; hyperchloremia and hypocalcemia during gestation according to the reference standards for species; decreased iCa+2 levels in the final third of gestation in both groups. It was concluded that the ewes of this study were healthy until the last moment analyzed (48h postpartum), although have shown greater consumption of the alkaline reserve in the peripartum, being more explicit in the single gestation animals. In addition, this situation can be physiological and result in increased energy demand during gestation, more exacerbated by peripartum.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5952 684 descargas

Phytochemical study of Waltheria viscosissima and evaluation of its larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti
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Ferreira, Maria Denise Leite

; Fernandes, Diégina A.

; Nunes, Fabíola C.

; Teles, Yanna C.F.

; Rolim, Yngred M.

; Silva, Camila Macaúbas da

; Albuquerque, Janderson B.L. de

; Agra, Maria de Fátima

; Souza, Maria de F.V. de

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Oct 2019, Volumen 29 Nº 5 Paginas 582 - 590

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The species Waltheria viscosissima A.St.–Hil, Malvaceae, which is known as ‘malva-branca', is traditionally used in the Brazilian northeast for the treatment of coughs. This research looks towards reporting the isolation of phytoconstituents of W. viscosissima, as well as the quantification of its phenolics, total flavonoid content, and free radical scavenging potential, along with an evaluation of its larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti larvae. Chromatographic techniques were used to isolate the compounds and a structural elucidation was performed by 1D and 2D NMR. The quantification of total phenolics and flavonoids and the DPPH˙ radical scavenging activity was determined through spectrophotometric methods. Consequently, the phytochemical investigation led to the identification of fourteen compounds from the aerial parts of the W. viscosissima: steroids, triterpenes, alkaloids, and eight flavonoids previously reported in the literature. The quantification of compounds showed that the aerial parts extract possessed high concentration of flavonoids, while the roots extract were rich in other phenolic compounds. At the DPPH˙ free radical scavenging assay, the roots extract presented EC50 = 77.32 ± 4.37 µg/ml and the aerial parts extracts showed EC50 = 118.10 ± 1.21 µg/ml. W. viscosissima roots extract showed the most potent larvicidal activity against Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 4.78 mg/ml), with the potential of being used in effective and economically viable preparations that can be catered for domestic use towards controlling the vector insect of severe diseases, such as dengue and Zika.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.05.008 616 descargas

Where do we aspire to publish? A position paper on scientific communication in biochemistry and molecular biology
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Baptista, M.S.

; Alves, M.J.M.

; Arantes, G.M.

; Armelin, H.A.

; Augusto, O.

; Baldini, R.L.

; Basseres, D.S.

; Bechara, E.J.H.

; Bruni-Cardoso, A.

; Chaimovich, H.

; Colepicolo Neto, P.

; Colli, W.

; Cuccovia, I.M.

; Da-Silva, A.M.

; Di Mascio, P.

; Farah, S.C.

; Ferreira, C.

; Forti, F.L.

; Giordano, R.J.

; Gomes, S.L.

; Gueiros Filho, F.J.

; Hoch, N.C.

; Hotta, C.T.

; Labriola, L.

; Lameu, C.

; Machini, M.T.

; Malnic, B.

; Marana, S.R.

; Medeiros, M.H.G.

; Meotti, F.C.

; Miyamoto, S.

; Oliveira, C.C.

; Souza-Pinto, N.C.

; Reis, E.M.

; Ronsein, G.E.

; Salinas, R.K.

; Schechtman, D.

; Schreier, S.

; Setubal, J.C.

; Sogayar, M.C.

; Souza, G.M.

; Terra, W.R.

; Truzzi, D.R.

; Ulrich, H.

; Verjovski-Almeida, S.

; Winck, F.V.

; Zingales, B.

; Kowaltowski, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2019, Volumen 52 Nº 9 elocation e8935

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The scientific publication landscape is changing quickly, with an enormous increase in options and models. Articles can be published in a complex variety of journals that differ in their presentation format (online-only or in-print), editorial organizations that maintain them (commercial and/or society-based), editorial handling (academic or professional editors), editorial board composition (academic or professional), payment options to cover editorial costs (open access or pay-to-read), indexation, visibility, branding, and other aspects. Additionally, online submissions of non-revised versions of manuscripts prior to seeking publication in a peer-reviewed journal (a practice known as pre-printing) are a growing trend in biological sciences. In this changing landscape, researchers in biochemistry and molecular biology must re-think their priorities in terms of scientific output dissemination. The evaluation processes and institutional funding for scientific publications should also be revised accordingly. This article presents the results of discussions within the Department of Biochemistry, University of São Paulo, on this subject.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20198935 1769 descargas

Morpho-physiological characteristics by sweet potato cultivars as function of irrigation depth
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DELAZARI, FÁBIO T.

; ASSIS, IGOR R.

; CABRERA, DIEGO F.V.

; FERREIRA, MARIANE G.

; DIAS, LUIZ E.

; RUEDA, ANGELICA

; ZANUNCIO, JOSÉ C.

; SILVA, DERLY J.H.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dic 2018, Volumen 90 Nº 4 Paginas 3541 - 3549

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The sweet potato is an alternative energy source, but its sustainability depends on efficient water use. The objective of this study was to evaluate sweet potato morpho-physiological characteristics, and water use efficiency (WUE). Irrigation depths of 50, 75, 100, and 125% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc) were applied. The morpho-physiological indicators, WUE, leaf area index (LAI), leaf water potential, leaf temperature, and leaf chlorophyll index (ICF), were evaluated. The WUE of the sweet potato cultivars increased until the 75% water depth of the ETc. The LAI of these cultivars increased with irrigation depth, with higher values at 100% of the ETc. The leaf water potential of the two sweet potato cultivars was lowest with the lower irrigation depth. Leaf temperature was closer to that of ambient temperatures in treatments with greater irrigation depth. The increase of the WUE with the greater accumulation of dry biomass is due to greater CO2 diffusion by stomata. The reduction in the growth of these plants is due to water stress limiting stomatal conductance, transpiration, leaf growth (LAI) and chlorophyll concentration, proportional to soil moisture conditions. The functional relationship between soil moisture and growth is essential to optimize irrigation management at different growth stages.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170687 2026 descargas

Fatigue resistance improvement of a forging medium carbon steel using Mischmetal (rare earths) as inclusions (MnS) modifier element
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Guerra, F.V.

; Bedolla-Jacuide, A.

; Zuno-Silva, J.

; Ortiz-Dominguez, M.

; Ruiz-López, I.

; Cardoso-Legorreta, E.

Nova scientia

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2016, Volumen 8 Nº 17 Paginas 97 - 125

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract For this work, hot-rolled plates of medium carbon steel (0.5%C) were prepared with different sulphur contents (0.023% to 0.065%). Two steels were alloyed with mischmetal (0.01%) as inclusions modifier to evaluate its effect on fatigue and tensile properties. A detailed study of the type, size, shape and distribution of the sulphide inclusions was carried out by optical and SEM microscopy in the as-cast and hot rolled conditions and correlated with their mechanical properties. The mischmetal treated steels developed a globular, small (~2µm) and well distributed MnS inclusions, producing an improvement in tensile strength (840 MPa and 19% elongation) and fatigue behavior (375 MPa), which was not evident on the untreated steels (741 MPa tensile strength and 300 MPa fatigue limit). The fatigue behavior was tested under the E466 standard, by using nine samples per composition in a R.R. Moore - rotating beam fatigue testing machine. The higher fatigue limit was obtained for the mischmetal-treated steel with 0.05%S. These results were discussed and correlated to the small size and globular shape of the MnS inclusions. However, it was observed that, additions of 0.01% of mischmetal are less effective as inclusion modifier when sulphur content is higher than of 0.05%, but it is still good enough to obtain a better fatigue behavior compared with the untreated steel containing 0.023% sulphur.

Resumen En el presente trabajo, se analizaron placas de un acero de medio carbono (0.5%C) laminado en caliente, con diferentes contenidos de azufre (0.023% a 0.065%), así mismo, se realizaron adiciones de Mischmetal (tierras raras) a dos aceros como agente modificador de las inclusiones y de esta forma evaluar su efecto sobre la resistencia a la tensión y fatiga. Se llevó a cabo un estudio detallado sobre el tipo, tamaño, forma y distribución de las inclusiones de azufre por medio de microscopía óptica y microscopía electrónica de barrido en condiciones de colada y después de la laminación en caliente, finalmente, los resultados de la caracterización metalográfica fueron correlacionados con sus propiedades mecánicas. En los aceros tratados con tierras raras, las inclusiones presentes fueron de un tamaño de alrededor de 2 µm, uniformemente distribuidas y de forma globular, lo cual produjo un incremento en la resistencia a la tensión (840 MPa y 19% de elongación) y límite de fatiga (375 MPa) en comparación con los aceros sin adición de Mischmetal (741 MPa de resistencia máxima y 300 MPa de límite de fatiga). El ensayo de fatiga se realizó acorde con la norma ASTM E466 mediante el cual se ensayaron 9 muestras de cada composición en una máquina de flexión rotativa R.R. Moore. El límite máximo de fatiga se obtuvo en el acero con 0.05% de azufre tratado con Mischmetal. Estos resultados se atribuyen al menor tamaño y a la forma globular de las inclusiones. Sin embargo, se observó que el efecto de las adiciones de 0.01% de mischmetal como agente modificador de las inclusiones es disminuido cuando el contenido de azufre es mayor al 0.05%, aun así, es suficiente para obtener un límite de fatiga mayor comparado con el acero sin adición de mischmetal y 0.023% de azufre.

713 descargas

Cocaine/levamisole-induced systemic vasculitis with retiform purpura and pauci-immune glomerulonephritis
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Veronese, F.V.

; Dode, R.S.O.

; Friderichs, M.

; Thomé, G.G.

; Silva, D.R. da

; Schaefer, P.G.

; Sebben, V.C.

; Nicolella, A.R.

; Barros, E.J.G.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2016, Volumen 49 Nº 5 elocation e5244

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Levamisole has been increasingly used as an adulterant of cocaine in recent years, emerging as a public health challenge worldwide. Levamisole-associated toxicity manifests clinically as a systemic vasculitis, consisting of cutaneous, hematological, and renal lesions, among others. Purpura retiform, cutaneous necrosis, intravascular thrombosis, neutropenia, and less commonly crescentic nephritis have been described in association with anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCAs) and other autoantibodies. Here we report the case of a 49-year-old male who was a chronic cocaine user, and who presented spontaneous weight loss, arthralgia, and 3 weeks before admission purpuric skin lesions in the earlobes and in the anterior thighs. His laboratory tests on admission showed serum creatinine of 4.56 mg/dL, white blood count 3,800/μL, hemoglobin 7.3 g/dL, urinalysis with 51 white blood cells/μL and 960 red blood cells/μL, and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio 1.20. Serum ANCA testing was positive (>1:320), as well as serum anti-myeloperoxidase and anti-proteinase 3 antibodies. Urine toxicology screen was positive for cocaine and levamisole, with 62.8% of cocaine, 32.2% of levamisole, and 5% of an unidentified substance. Skin and renal biopsies were diagnostic for leukocytoclastic vasculitis and pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis, respectively. The patient showed a good clinical response to cocaine abstinence, and use of corticosteroids and intravenous cyclophosphamide. Last serum creatinine was 1.97 mg/dL, white blood cell count 7,420/μL, and hemoglobin level 10.8 g/dL. In levamisole-induced systemic vasculitis, the early institution of cocaine abstinence, concomitant with the use of immunosuppressive drugs in severe cases, may prevent permanent end organ damage and associate with better clinical outcomes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20165244 2770 descargas

Follicular helper T cell in immunity and autoimmunity
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Mesquita Jr, D.

; Cruvinel, W.M.

; Resende, L.S.

; Mesquita, F.V.

; Silva, N.P.

; Câmara, N.O.S.

; Andrade, L.E.C.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2016, Volumen 49 Nº 5 elocation e5209

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The traditional concept that effector T helper (Th) responses are mediated by Th1/Th2 cell subtypes has been broadened by the recent demonstration of two new effector T helper cells, the IL-17 producing cells (Th17) and the follicular helper T cells (Tfh). These new subsets have many features in common, such as the ability to produce IL-21 and to express the IL-23 receptor (IL23R), the inducible co-stimulatory molecule ICOS, and the transcription factor c-Maf, all of them essential for expansion and establishment of the final pool of both subsets. Tfh cells differ from Th17 by their ability to home to B cell areas in secondary lymphoid tissue through interactions mediated by the chemokine receptor CXCR5 and its ligand CXCL13. These CXCR5+ CD4+ T cells are considered an effector T cell type specialized in B cell help, with a transcriptional profile distinct from Th1 and Th2 cells. The role of Tfh cells and its primary product, IL-21, on B-cell activation and differentiation is essential for humoral immunity against infectious agents. However, when deregulated, Tfh cells could represent an important mechanism contributing to exacerbated humoral response and autoantibody production in autoimmune diseases. This review highlights the importance of Tfh cells by focusing on their biology and differentiation processes in the context of normal immune response to infectious microorganisms and their role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20165209 7844 descargas

Multiple facets of HIV-associated renal disease
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da Silva, D.R.

; Gluz, I.C.

; Kurz, J.

; Thomé, G.G.

; Zancan, R.

; Bringhenti, R.N.

; Schaefer, P.G.

; dos Santos, M.

; Barros, E.J.G.

; Veronese, F.V.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2016, Volumen 49 Nº 4 elocation e5176

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

HIV infection has a broad spectrum of renal manifestations. This study examined the clinical and histological manifestations of HIV-associated renal disease, and predictors of renal outcomes. Sixty-one (64% male, mean age 45 years) HIV patients were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical presentation and renal histopathology were assessed, as well as CD4 T-cell count and viral load. The predictive value of histological lesion, baseline CD4 cell count and viral load for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or death were determined using the Cox regression model. The outcomes of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and ESRD or death were evaluated by baseline CD4 cell count. The percent distribution at initial clinical presentation was non-nephrotic proteinuria (54%), acute kidney injury (28%), nephrotic syndrome (23%), and chronic kidney disease (22%). Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (28%), mainly the collapsing form (HIVAN), acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) (26%), and immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis (ICGN) (25%) were the predominant renal histology. Baseline CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/mm3 was a protective factor against CKD (hazard ratio=0.997; 95%CI=0.994-0.999; P=0.012). At last follow-up, 64% of patients with baseline CD4 ≥200 cells/mm3 had eGFR >60 mL·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 compared to the other 35% of patients who presented with CD4 <200 cells/mm3 (log rank=9.043, P=0.003). In conclusion, the main histological lesion of HIV-associated renal disease was HIVAN, followed by AIN and ICGN. These findings reinforce the need to biopsy HIV patients with kidney impairment and/or proteinuria. Baseline CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/mm3 was associated with better renal function after 2 years of follow-up.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20165176 2007 descargas

10.

Bovine conceptus of Bos indicus produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer and parthenogenesis present morphological variations since the blastocyst stage
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Oliveira, F.D.

; Sangalli, J.R.

; Meirelles, F.V.

; Perecin, F.

; Silva Filho, P.P.C.

; Watanabe, Y.F.

; Miglino, M.A.

; Assis Neto, A.C.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Dic 2015, Volumen 67 Nº 6 Paginas 1483 - 1491

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Em bovinos, o desenvolvimento embrionário é caracterizado pelo surgimento de duas camadas distintas, o trofectoderma e a massa celular interna. Este último irá sofrer diferenciação para formar o disco embrionário, o qual consiste em epiblasto e hipoblasto. O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar ultraestruturalmente o embrião bovino proveniente de diferentes técnicas de produção in vitro, com ênfase no trofectoderma e na massa celular interna. Embriões bovinos com sete dias de gestação (fecundação = D1), derivados de técnicas de produção in vitro, foram fixados para processamento de microscopia de luz e eletrônica de transmissão. Os resultados sugerem que os embriões produzidos por transferência nuclear de células somáticas e partenogênese apresentaram alterações significativas em suas estruturas macro e microscópica. O tamanho foi reduzido, e a massa celular interna não tinha uma forma definida. Além disso, organelas responsáveis por processos de absorção, comunicação, crescimento e metabolismo celular estavam em menor número e tinham alterações na forma quando comparadas aos resultados em embriões produzidos por fertilização in vitro. Conclui-se que os embriões produzidos por SCNT e partenogênese apresentam diferenças morfológicas quando comparados aos embriões de fertilização in vitro, tais como blastocele pouco desenvolvida, massa celular interna pouco definida e diferenças morfológicas nas organelas.

In cattle, embryo development is characterized by the appearance of two distinct cell layers, the trophectoderm and the inner cell mass. The latter will undergo differentiation to form the embryonic disc consisting of the epiblast and hypoblast. The aim of this study was to ultrastructurally characterize the bovine embryo from different in vitro production techniques, with emphasis on trophectoderm and inner cell mass cells. Bovine embryos on day 7 (conception = D1) of pregnancy, derived via in vitro production techniques, were fixed for light and transmission electron microscopy processing. Results suggested that embryos produced by nuclear transfer of somatic cells and parthenogenesis showed significant changes in macroscopic and microscopic structure. Size was reduced, and the inner cell mass had no defined shape. Furthermore, organelles responsible for the absorption processes, communication, growth, and cellular metabolism were fewer and had changes in shape, when compared to results in embryos produced by in vitrofertilization. We concluded that embryos produced by parthenogenesis and SCNT exhibit morphological differences when compared with IVF embryos, such as undeveloped blastocoel, poorly defined distribution of ICM, and morphological differences in organelles.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-7647 1684 descargas

11.

Carcinoma hepatocelular metastático em Jaguatirica (Leopardus pardalis )
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Miranda, Dayane F.H.

; Souza, Francisco de A.L.

; Fonseca, Luciano S.

; Almeida, Hatawa M. de

; Braga, Juliana F.V.

; Costa, Francisco A.L.

; Silva, Silvana M.M. de S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Nov 2015, Volumen 35 Nº 11 Paginas 913 - 918

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é uma neoplasia rara nos animais domésticos e em espécies selvagens foi relatado somente em antílopes, veado, cães da pradaria e furões, mas não existem relatos em Leopardus pardalis (jaguatirica). Este trabalho descreve um caso de carcinoma hepatocelular metastático em uma fêmea felina de aproximadamente 18 anos de idade, da espécie Leopardus pardalis, proveniente do Parque Zoobotânico de Teresina-PI, com histórico de anorexia, apatia e evolução ao óbito que foi encaminhada ao Setor de Patologia Animal da Universidade Federal do Piauí para exame anatomopatológico. À necropsia foram observadas duas nodulações de aproximadamente 8,0cm de diâmetro no fígado, de coloração variando da brancacenta ao vermelhado claro, amarelada a vermelho escuro, subdivididas em lóbulos por tecido conjuntivo. No pâncreas foram observadas múltiplas nodulações de aproximadamente 1,0 cm de diâmetro, com superfície lisa, consistência firme, coloração vermelho-amarelada. A superfície de corte dos rins também apresentava várias nodulações milimétricas de distribuição multifocal, na região córtico-medular, consistência firme, coloração branco-acinzentada ou amarelada, sugerindo metástase. Os fragmentos das lesões de fígado foram coletados e no exame microscópico observaram-se proliferação de hepatócitos em cordões bem diferenciados, formando trabéculas com espessura de três ou mais células. Os hepatócitos apresentavam-se volumosos, pleomórficos, com citoplasma eosinofílico. Na coloração com PAS constataram-se, regularmente, acúmulo de glicogênio nos hepatócitos neoplásicos. A confirmação foi feita pela técnica de imunoistoquímica, utilizando-se anticorpo monoclonal (Hepatocyte Specific Antigen). Os achados anatomohistopatológicos, e o auxilio da imunoistoquímica permitiram concluir pelo diagnóstico de hepatocarcinoma trabecular metastático em Leopardus pardalis criado em cativeiro.

ABSTRACT: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rare neoplasm in domestic and wildlife animals and has been reported only in antelope, deer, prairie dogs and ferrets; but there are no reports in Leopardus pardalis (ocelot). This paper describes a case of metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma in a female of an about 18-year-old Leopardus pardalis from the Zoological Garden of Teresina, Piauí, after a history of anorexia, apathy and fatal outcomes, forwarded to the Department of Animal Pathology at the Federal University of Piaui for pathological examination. Necropsy revealed two nodules of about 8.0cm in diameter in the liver, of whitish to bright red or yellow to dark red color divided into lobes by connective tissue. In the pancreas were found multiple nodules of about 1.0cm diameter, with smooth surface, firm consistency, and yellowish-red color. The cut surface of the kidneys also presented multiple whitish-gray or yellowish millimeter small nodules in the corticomedullary region, of firm consistence, suggesting metastases. Fragments of the liver lesions examined microscopically revealed hepatocyte proliferation in well differentiated strands, forming trabeculars of three or more cells. The hepatocytes were large and pleomorphic, with eosinophilic cytoplasm. In PAS staining glycogen accumulation was found in neoplastic hepatocytes . The confirmation of the diagnosis was made by immunohistochemistry, using monoclonal antibody hepatocyte specific antigen. The findings allowed us to characterize the neoplasm as a trabecular metastatic hepatocarcinoma in Leopardus pardalis bred in captivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-736X2015001100007 2918 descargas

12.

Ultrasonic shears and bipolar vessel-sealing system for three-port laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in dogs
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Guizzo-Júnior, N.

; Feranti, J.P.S.

; Bairros, M.C.

; Bortoluzzi, M.

; Motta, A.C.

; Sartori, L.W.

; Santos, F.R.

; Tomazzoni, F.V.

; Brambatti, G.

; Guedes, R.L.

; Silva, M.A.M.

; Brun, M.V.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Feb 2015, Volumen 67 Nº 1 Paginas 55 - 61

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

No presente experimento, foram comparados dois diferentes equipamentos, um com emprego de energia ultrassônica, e outro utilizando sistema de selamento vascular, como única forma de hemostasia em ovário-histerectomias laparoscópicas com três portais em cadelas. Ademais, a necessidade de ampliação da incisão do portal de 5mm ou de 10mm para a remoção dos espécimes ressecados, dificuldades técnicas e complicações foram avaliadas. Quinze cadelas aleatoriamente distribuídas em três grupos (GI, GII, GIII) foram submetidas à ovário-histerectomia com hemostasia a partir da utilização de bisturi ultrassônico ou equipamento de selamento vascular. Nos GI e GII foi utilizado um sistema de selamento vascular eletrotérmico bipolar (LigaSure(r)), diferindo-se no tamanho dos portais utilizados; em GIII foi utilizado bisturi ultrassônico (Autosonix(r)). A análise estatística não demonstrou diferença significativa entre os dados analisados nos três grupos. Conclui-se que ambos os métodos de hemostasia utilizados mostraram-se adequados e viabilizaram a realização de ovário-histerectomia laparoscópica em cadelas. Todavia, o trocarte de 5mm não foi adequado para remoção do útero e ovários sem necessidade de ampliação da incisão de acesso.

In the current experimental study, two different instruments were compared for prophylactic hemostasis during a 3-port technique of laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy (OVH) in bitches. Moreover, the need for port enlargement for specimen retrieval using 5mm or 10mm trocartes, technical difficulties and complications were assessed. Ultrasonic energy and a vascular sealing system were tested. Duration of surgery, patient weight and diameter of the uterine arteries and veins were compared among the groups. Fifteen dogs randomly divided into three groups (GI, GII, GIII) were submitted to ovariohysterectomy with hemostasis from the use of ultrasonic scalpel or vascular sealing equipment. In GI and GII the LigaSure(tm)impedance-controlled bipolar vessel-sealing device was used, differing in the size of trocartes used between groups, and in GIII Autosonix(tm) was used. Patients' weight, duration of surgery, technical difficulties and complications were compared among the groups. Statistical analysis showed no difference between the data analyzed among the groups. In conclusion, both methods of hemostasis were effective for 3-port total laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy in bitches. However, 5mm trocartes were not adequate for retrieval of the uterus and ovaries without need for enlargement of the port incision.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-7457 2383 descargas

13.

Expressão gênica de adipocinas em ovelhas alimentadas com resíduos da indústria do biodiesel da mamona
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Duarte, S.S.

; Gomes-Filho, M.A.

; Silva, D.M.F.

; Silva, L.M.

; Oliveira, C.H.A.

; Rodrigues, F.V.

; Silva, A.M.

; Fernandes, C.C.L.

; Silva, C.M.G.

; Rondina, D.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Ago 2014, Volumen 66 Nº 4 Paginas 1171 - 1178

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A expressão de RNAm para leptina, receptor de leptina (obRb), adiponectina, receptor de adiponectina (AdipoR1) e resistina foi avaliada por meio da técnica de PCR em tempo real, em tecidos ovariano, hipofisário, adiposo do omento e da região perirrenal, em ovelhas alimentadas sem farelo de mamona ou com farelo de mamona detoxificada durante 14 meses. O tipo de dieta não afetou os níveis de RNAm para leptina, obRb, adiponectina, AdipoR1 e resistina nos diferentes tecidos avaliados (P>0,05). Nos tecidos ovariano e hipofisário, não foi verificada a expressão da adiponecina e da resistina, respectivamente. Como consequência, pode-se concluir que o farelo de mamona detoxificada pode ser utilizado como fonte proteica na dieta de ovelhas, sem afetar a expressão do gene resistina e dos genes leptina e adiponectina, bem como de seus receptores.

The expression of leptin, leptin receptor (obRb), adiponectin, adiponectin receptor (AdipoR1) and resistin was assessed by real-time PCR technique in ovarian, pituitary, and the omental adipose perirenal tissue in sheep feed without castor meal or with detoxified castor meal. The type of diet did not affect mRNA levels for leptin, obRb, adiponectin, resistin AdipoR1 evaluated in different tissues (P>0.05). However, in pituitary and ovarian tissues there was no expression of resistin and adiponectin, respectively. The detoxified castor meal can be used in sheep diets as alternative food protein without affecting the expression of leptin and adponectin as well as their receptors and resistin.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-6355 1565 descargas

14.

Babesiosis and anaplasmosis in dairy cattle in Northeastern Brazil
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Souza, Francisco de A.L.

; Braga, Juliana F.V.

; Pires, Lidiany V.

; Carvalho, Ciro J.S. de

; Costa, Érica A.

; Ribeiro, Múcio F.B.

; Santos, Renato L.

; Silva, Silvana M.M.S.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Sep 2013, Volumen 33 Nº 9 Paginas 1057 - 1061

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar a situação epidemiológica e os fatores envolvidos na prevalência da babesiose e anaplasmose em bovinos da bacia leiteira de Parnaíba, Piauí, Brasil. O estudo foi realizado em 22 propriedades, sendo coletadas amostras de sangue de 202 bovinos para estudos sorológicos, moleculares e determinação do volume globular (VG). Nas propriedades foram aplicadas inquéritos envolvendo aspectos epidemiológicos. As taxas de soroprevalência foram: 52,5% para Babesia bigemina, 68,8% B. bovis, e 89,1% para Anaplasma marginale. Das amostras analisadas, 73,3% foram reagentes para Babesia spp. e A. marginale, demostrando co-infecção. Na PCR, B. bigemina e B. bovis foram positivas em 52,0% e 33,2% respectivamente, e A. marginale em 76,2%. Destes, 51,5% amplificaram DNA de Babesia spp. e A. marginale. O manejo semi-intensivo predominou em 68,0% das propriedades estudadas. O histórico clínico de babesiose e anaplasmose foi relatado em 73% das propriedades. Não houve diferença significativa (p>0,05) entre as faixas etárias e para o VG de animais positivos comparados com os negativos. O estudo indica que nesta região há instabilidade enzoótica para babesiose e estabilidade enzoótica para anaplasmose, reforçando o fato de que, no Brasil, existem áreas de instabilidade enzoótica, mesmo em regiões tropicais do país. A técnica de PCR demonstrou ser uma ferramenta valiosa para o diagnóstico destas doenças e pode ser utilizada para caracterizar uma região geográfica.

The goal of this study was to characterize the epidemiological situation and the factors involved in the prevalence of babesiosis and anaplasmosis in cattle in the dairy basin of Parnaíba, Piauí, Brazil. The study was conducted in 22 farms, and collected blood samples from 202 cattle to study serological, molecular and determination of the packed cell volume (PCV). On the farms were applied surveys involving epidemiological aspects. Seroprevalence rates were: Babesia bigemina 52.5%, B. bovis 68.8%, and Anaplasma marginale 89.1%. Of the samples analyzed, 73.3% were reactive for Babesia spp. and A. marginale, showing co-infection. In PCR, B. bigemina and B. bovis were positive in 52.0% and 33.2% respectively, and A. marginale in 76.2%. Of these, 51.5% amplified DNA of Babesia spp. and A. marginale. The semi-intensive management predominated in 68.0% of the farms studied. The clinical history of babesiosis and anaplasmosis, was reported from 73% of the farms. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) between age groups and for the PCV of positive compared with negative animals. The study indicates that in this region is enzootic instability for babesiosis and enzootic stability for anaplasmosis, reinforcing the fact that in Brazil there are areas of enzootic instability, even in tropical regions of the country. The PCR technique was a valuable tool for the diagnosis of these diseases and may be used to characterize a geographic region.

3437 descargas Citado 1 vez en SciELO

15.

Estudo farmacobotânico das folhas de Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. (Clusiaceae)
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Santa-Cecília, F.V.

; Abreu, F.A.

; da Silva, M.A.

; de Castro, E.M.

; dos Santos, M.H.

Revista Brasileira de Plantas Medicinais

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2013, Volumen 15 Nº 3 Paginas 397 - 404

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A espécie Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. (Clusiaceae), nativa da região Amazônica e cultivada em todo o território brasileiro, vem sendo bastante estudada devido seu potencial farmacológico, porém são escassos estudos que tratam da caracterização farmacobotânica desta espécie. Considerando as propriedades terapêuticas para tornar-se um medicamento fitoterápico, o presente trabalho teve como objetivos estudar a anatomia e histoquímica da folha e do pecíolo e elaborar dados macroscópicos e microscópicos que forneçam características marcantes para sua identificação além de dar subsídios para a análise farmacognóstica no controle de qualidade da droga vegetal. O material vegetal foi fixado e submetido às técnicas usuais de microscopia de luz e a testes histoquímicos. As folhas de G. brasiliensis são opostas, simples, descolores, forma elíptica com nervação peninérvia. As células epidérmicas, em vista frontal, apresentam contorno sinuoso e estômatos paracíticos somente na face abaxial. O mesofilo é dorsiventral, a nervura central apresenta contorno biconvexo e feixe vascular em forma de semi-arco fechado envolto por bainha esclerenquimática. Inclusões inorgânicas de cristais na forma de drusas e orgânicas representadas por compostos fenólicos e grãos de amidos estão dispersos ao longo de toda lâmina foliar e pecíolo. Observa-se com frequência a presença de canais secretores preenchidos por um conteúdo lipídico dispersos pelo parênquima fundamental e próximos aos feixes vasculares. Estes dados fornecem subsídios para o controle de qualidade da matéria-prima utilizada para a produção de fitoterápicos.

The Garcinia brasiliensis Mart. (Clusiaceae) species, native of the Amazon region and cultivated throughout the Brazilian territory, has been widely studied due to its pharmacological potential, but there are few studies dealing with the pharmacobotanic characterization of this species. Considering the therapeutic properties in order to become an herbal medicine, the present paper had the purpose of studying the anatomical and histochemical characterization of the leaf and petiole, as well as producing macroscopic and microscopic data that provide important characteristics for its identification, in addition to providing subsidies for the pharmacognostical analysis in order to offer elements for the quality assurance of the drug. The botanical material was prepared through the usual optical and histochemical microtechniques. The leaves of G. brasiliensis are simple, opposed, colorless, and they show an elliptical shape. As seen from the front, the epidermal cells have a sinuous contour, and paracytic stomata occur on the low surface. The leaves are hipostomatic and dorsiventral with heterogeneous mesophile. The mesophile is dorsiventral, the central midrib shows a biconvex contour and vascular system in a semi-closed arch shape surrounded by a sclerenchymatic sheath. Inorganic inclusions of crystals in the shape of druses, and organic inclusions represented by phenolic compounds and starch grains are found throughout the leaf blade and petiole. It is common to find secretory canals filled with a lipid content dispersed throughout the parenchyma and near the vascular bundles. These data support the quality assurance of the elements used to produce herbal medicines.

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