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ABSTRACT Growing forage cactus pear in semi-arid regions is an alternative when facing current climate changes, and improving its cropping systems is critical to increasing its yields. The objective was to evaluate morphometric characteristics and yield of ‘Gigante’ cactus pear under complementary irrigation with saline water and different planting densities. The research was carried out in the semiarid region of Bahia during the period from September 2017 to October 2019. A randomized block design was used with treatments arranged in split-split plots. Two irrigation intervals (7 and 14 days) were assigned to plots, four planting densities (20,000; 40,000; 60,000 and 80,000 plants per hectare) to subplots, and four irrigation levels (0, 11, 22 and 33% of ETo) to sub-subplots. High-salinity water (2.91 dS m-1), classified as C4S1, did not limit the growth and yield of ‘Gigante’ forage cactus pear for two crop cycles. Fresh matter and dry matter yields, fresh matter-based water use efficiency and dry matter-based water use efficiency were highest at planting densities of 61,465 and 67,786 plants ha-1, and 61,848 and 69,707 plants ha-1, respectively. The use of 33% ETo irrigation level increased morphometric characteristics, fresh matter yield in the first and second cycles, and dry matter yield in the first cycle. Applying increasing irrigation levels promotes reductions in fresh matterand dry matter-based water use efficiency.

RESUMO O cultivo de palma forrageira no semiárido é uma opção consciente frente às mudanças climáticas atuais, e a melhoria do seu sistema produtivo é fundamental para aumentar seu rendimento. Objetivou-se avaliar as características morfométricas e de rendimento de palma forrageira ‘Gigante’ sob irrigação complementar com água salina e diferentes densidades de plantio. A pesquisa foi realizada no semiárido baiano durante o período de setembro de 2017 a outubro de 2019. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com parcelas subsubdivididas, sendo alocados nas parcelas dois turnos de rega (7 e 14 dias), nas subparcelas quatro densidades de plantio (20.000; 40.000; 60.000 e 80.000 plantas ha-1) e nas subsubparcelas quatro lâminas de irrigação (0, 11, 22 e 33% da ETo). A alta salinidade da água de irrigação (2,91 dS m-1), classificada como C4S1, não limitou o crescimento e a produtividade de palma forrageira ‘Gigante’, até o segundo ciclo de produção. As máximas produtividades de matéria verde e seca e de eficiência de uso da água com base nestas produtividades são obtidas com densidades de plantio de 61.465 e 67.786 plantas ha-1, e 61.848 e 69.707 plantas ha-1, respectivamente. A aplicação da lâmina com 33% da ETo promoveu incremento nas características morfométricas, aumento da produtividade de matéria verde no primeiro e segundo ciclo e da produtividade de matéria seca no primeiro ciclo. A aplicação de lâminas crescentes de irrigação promove redução da eficiência de uso da água com base nas produtividades de matéria verde e de matéria seca.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n321rc

Salinity-tolerant dwarf cashew rootstock has better ionic homeostasis and morphophysiological performance of seedlings
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Sousa, Valéria F. de O.

; Santos, Gisele L. dos

; Maia, Josemir M.

; Maia Júnior, Sebastião de O.

; Santos, João P. de O.

; Costa, José E.

; Silva, Anselmo F. da

; Dias, Thiago J.

; Ferreira-Silva, Sérgio L.

; Taniguchi, Carlos A. K.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Feb 2023, Volumen 27 Nº 2 Paginas 92 - 100

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Considerando a relevância do cajueiro e a limitação imposta pelo estresse salino em regiões semiáridas, o uso de alternativas capazes de mitigar os efeitos deletérios em decorrência da salinidade são de grande importância ao setor produtivo. O uso de plantas enxertadas, principalmente com porta-enxertos de materiais tolerantes, influencia no acúmulo de íons tóxicos nas folhas das mudas enxertadas. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar características morfofisiológicas e concentração foliar de Na+, K+, Ca+2 de combinações de copa e porta-enxerto de cajueiro anão precoce, contrastantes à salinidade. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, tendo os tratamentos dispostos em arranjo fatorial de 4 × 3, correspondentes a quatro combinações de mudas enxertadas (auto-enxerto CCP 09/CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, auto-enxerto CCP 76/CCP 76 e CCP 76/CCP 09) e a três concentrações de NaCl (0-controle, 50 e 100 mM L-1). Foram avaliados altura, número de folhas, área foliar, massa seca, índice de tolerância e concentração foliar de Na+, K+ e Ca+2 após 30 dias da aplicação das concentrações de NaCl. A combinação copa/porta-enxerto CCP 76/09 apresentou tolerância à salinidade de 50 mM L-1, devido ao aumento da área foliar e número de folhas. A combinação copa/porta-enxerto CCP 76/09 foi mais adequada, pois manteve a concentração foliar de K+ e o menor concentração de Na+.

ABSTRACT Considering the cashew tree’s relevance and the limitations imposed by salinity stress in semi-arid regions, the use of alternatives capable of mitigating the harmful effects due to salinity is of great importance to the production sector. The use of grafted plants, especially with rootstock made of tolerant materials, influences the accumulation of toxic ions in leaves of grafted seedlings. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate morphophysiological characteristics and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 of combinations of scion and rootstock of early dwarf cashew, contrasting in terms of salinity tolerance. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five replicates, in a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to four dwarf cashew scion/rootstock combinations (self-graft CCP 09, CCP 09/CCP 76, self-graft CCP 76, and CCP 76/CCP 09) and three NaCl concentrations (0, 50, and 100 mM L-1). Height, number of leaves, leaf area, dry matter, tolerance index and leaf concentrations of Na+, K+ and Ca+2 were evaluated after 30 days of application of NaCl concentrations. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 showed tolerance to 50 mM L-1, due to the increase of leaf area and number of leaves. The scion/rootstock combination CCP 76/09 was more suitable, as it kept the leaf K+ concentration and had the lowest Na+ concentration.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n2p92-100

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volumen 40 elocation e23026

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Electrical Conductivity and Nitrogen:Potassium Ratios from Nutrigation in the Quality of Zucchini Fruits
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Pacheco, Adriano Bicioni

; Duarte, Sergio Nascimento

; Charles, Thaís da Silva

; Nascimento, Jéssica Garcia

; Simões, Ana Laura Toledo

; Campos Júnior, José Eustáquio

; Almeida, Alex Nunes de

; Ricardo, Hugo de Carvalho

; Lopes, Tárcio Rocha

; Jesus, Fernanda Lamede Ferreira de

; Lisboa, Cristiane Fernandes

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2023, Volumen 66 elocation e23210845

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The demands of high-quality zucchini fruits by the consumer market make studies regarding the improvement of cultivation systems, such as plant nutrition and salinity tolerance. Considering the demands of the consumer market for the high quality of zucchini fruits, it is necessary studies regarding the improvement of production systems for this improvement, such as nutrition and salinity tolerance to plant. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the zucchini fruits quality characteristics, grown in soilless, under N:K ratios, and levels of electrical conductivity of the nutrient solution. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment in pots with 8.2 dm3 of volumetric capacity filled with commercial substrate. The trial design adopted was randomized blocks, with three replicates, in a 5x3 factorial scheme, with five levels of electrical conductivity (1.0; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0; and 5.0 dS m-1) and three N:K ratios (2:1; 1:1; and 1:2), both in the nutrient solution. The application of the nutrient solution was by fertigation through drip irrigation. Throughout the experiment, variables related to fruit quality and total plant biomass production were analyzed. The increase of the electrical conductivity in the nutrient solution provided an increase in the values of fruits organoleptic properties. Regarding the nutrient solution N:K ratios, the 1:2 ratio provided larger fruits and a higher percentage of water.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2023210845

Hydrographic structure of the continental shelf in Santos Basin and its causes: The SANAGU and SANSED campaigns (2019)
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Dottori, Marcelo

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Del–Giovannino, Sergio R.

; Pinto, Andressa P.

; Gnamah, Magnim

; Santos, Arian D.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Moreira, Daniel L.

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volumen 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23013

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study describes the hydrography and water masses of the Santos Basin Continental Shelf (SBCS) during two hydrographic campaigns (SANAGU, SANSED) in 2019. Coastal Water (CW) is the dominant water mass in the southern portion of the SBCS, with relatively low salinity values (S<35.5 g kg–1), and satellite data show that local precipitation and river discharge could not account for the low salinity observed during the cruises in the southern region of the domain. The low salinity observed is explained by the transport from the south influenced by Subtropical Shelf Water (STSW), which was influenced by the La Plata River discharge. In the northern region of the SBCS, the South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) dominates the bottom layers of the water column, with the wind playing a major role in the uplift of this water mass, as evidenced by a wind impulse analysis. In this part of the shelf, Tropical Water (TW) was the second water mass in volume and occupied the surface layers and offshore the shelf. CW is restricted to a thin surface layer, which reaches distances of a few kilometers from the coast. Our analysis show the differences in the hydrographic structure of the SBCS and suggests that the SBCS can be divided in two regions with distinct characteristics: 1) the area southwest of São Sebastião, where the hydrographic parameters were modulated by the presence of the Subtropical Shelf Water (STSW); 2) the area northeast of São Sebastião, where the uplifting of SACW was the dominant process.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22062md

Particleboard Composite Made from Pinus and Eucalyptus Residues and Polystyrene Waste Partially Replacing the Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane as Binder
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Rodrigues, Felipe R.

; Bispo, Rodrigo A.

; Cazell, Pedro Henrique

; Silva, Michael Jones

; Christoforo, André L.

; Silva, Sergio A. M.

Materials Research

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2023, Volumen 26 Supl. 1 elocation e20220594

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

In Brazil, native forests and replanted forests are poorly managed, and there is concern about reusing plastic residues as well. These two factors play a significant role in the impacts on the environment in the past decades. In this study, the influence of polystyrene (PS) waste partially replacing polyurethane (PUR) as a binder for wood particles (Pinus taeda L. and Eucalyptus saligna) was examined on the physicomechanical and thermal properties of homogeneous particleboards. For the production of particleboard composite, the moisture content of wood particles was set at 2%. A variety of physicomechanical characteristics were evaluated, including density, moisture content, swelling in thickness after 24 hours of immersion in water, rupture modulus (MOR) and elasticity modulus (MOE). Increasing PS relative to PUR decreased MOR and MOE properties in particleboard composite specimens. Thermal analysis shows that replacing PUR with PS in particleboard composite specimens has not adversely affected the thermal stability, and even less its thermal profile of specimens. ABNT NBR standards were exceeded by particleboard composite-based panels, but ANSI standards were met, indicating their potential application. As a result of this study, PS waste could be used as a binder for particleboards and composite materials manufactured from pinus and eucalyptus wood chips in place of PUR.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2022-0594

First report of putative Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) in Leishmania infantum strains from canine and human visceral leishmaniasis cases in the southeast of Brazil
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Rêgo, Felipe Dutra

; da Silva, Eduardo Sérgio

; Lopes, Valeriana Valadares

; Teixeira-Neto, Rafael Gonçalves

; Belo, Vinícius Silva

; Fonseca Júnior, Antônio Augusto

; Pereira, Diego Andrade

; Pena, Heber Paulino

; Laurenti, Márcia Dalastra

; Araújo, Gabriela V

; da Matta, Vânia Lúcia Ribeiro

; Chouman, Islam Hussein

; Burrin, Thainá Bergantin

; Sandoval, Carmen M

; Barrouin-Melo, Stella Maria

; de Pinho, Flaviane Alves

; de Andrade, Hélida Monteiro

; Nunes, Ramon Vieira

; Gontijo, Célia Maria Ferreira

; Soccol, Vanete Thomaz

; Klocek, Donnamae

; Grybchuk, Danyil

; Macedo, Diego Henrique

; do Monte-Neto, Rubens Lima

; Yurchenko, Vyacheslav

; Soares, Rodrigo Pedro

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2023, Volumen 118 elocation e230071

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND Leishmania RNA virus 1 (LRV1) is commonly found in South American Leishmania parasites belonging to the subgenus Viannia, whereas Leishmania RNA virus 2 (LRV2) was previously thought to be restricted to the Old-World pathogens of the subgenus Leishmania. OBJECTIVES In this study, we investigated the presence of LRV2 in strains of Leishmania (L.) infantum, the causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL), originating from different hosts, clinical forms, and geographical regions. METHODS A total of seventy-one isolates were screened for LRV2 using semi-nested reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene. FINDINGS We detected LRV2 in two L. infantum isolates (CUR268 and HP-EMO) from canine and human cases, respectively. MAIN CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first detection of LRV2 in the New World.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230071

Biological aspects and first record of Leucothyreus alvarengai Frey (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L) (Poaceae) fields of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil
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COUTINHO, GILMAR V.

; ÁVILA, CRÉBIO J.

; GOMES, ELIAS S.

; COSTA, EDUARDO N.

; RODRIGUES, SÉRGIO R.

; SILVA, IVANA F. DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 4 elocation e20191357

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Larvae of Leucothyreus spp. have been reported causing damage to several crops in Brazil. From May 2012 to April 2013, adults and immatures of Leucothyreus alvarengai Frey (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) samples were obtained from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) (Poaceae) fields in the municipalities of Naviraí and Nova Andradina, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Adults were collected with the aid of light traps, whereas immatures were sampled by opening two trench sizes (30 x 30 x 30 cm and 80 x 50 x 40 cm) in the soil, beside the plants. The collected larvae were reared in laboratory conditions, fed by sugarcane seedlings. The biological cycle of L. alvarengai was completed in 230 days, displaying three larval instars with mean size of the cephalic capsule of 1.68, 2.46, and 3.00 mm for the first, second, and third instar, respectively. Adults were collected in greater numbers in December 2012, and first-instar larvae were observed as of January 2013. Conversely, pupae were observed in the field from July 2012 to January 2013. This is the first record of larvae and adults of L. alvarengai in sugarcane fields in Mato Grosso do Sul state, contributing with the knowledge about its biology and temporal distribution in the field.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191357

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volumen 71 Supl. 3 elocation e23022

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

10.

Identification of phlebotomine sand fly (Diptera: Psychodidae) in Atlantic forest fragments and their dispersal to urban area
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SILVA, FRANCISCO A.

; COSTA, DIMÍTRI A.

; SILVA, BRENO HENRIQUE M.

; ALVES, ADRIANO FRANCISCO

; SOUZA, SÉRGIO JOEL DE

; SILVA, GEUBA MARIA B. DA

; MENESES, JANAÍNA M.

; MATOS-ROCHA, THIAGO JOSÉ

; CHRISTOFFERSEN, MARTIN L.

; CAVALCANTI, MARÍLIA GABRIELA S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volumen 95 Nº 4 elocation e20191596

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The geographical distribution of sand flies in Brazil has been the subject of some studies, yet there is no information about the phlebotomine fauna in João Pessoa, State of Paraíba, Brazil. The aim of this work is to evaluate the occurrence and distribution of sand flies in the Atlantic forest fragments and to evaluate a possible dispersion in 06 nearby districts. Light traps were used during three consecutive nights, supplemented by an aspirator during the dry period and rainy season. A total of 222 sand flies were found, 143 (130 males and 13 females) in the Atlantic forest, and 79 in urban areas. During the entire dry season, three species of phlebotomine sand flies were recorded in 11 forest fragments, Lutzomyia longipalpis, Lu. migonei and Lu. whitmani. During the rainy season, only Lu. longipalpis was found. This was the only species identified in the studied neighborhoods during both seasons. The differences in diversity of sand flies encountered between natural habitats and urban areas may thus be correlated mostly with adaptations to particular habitats and availability of food. One species (Lu. longipalpis) appears to be rapidly adapting to urban areas because of deforestation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320191596

11.

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Fecha de publicación: 2022-10-11

Resumen: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

12.

Fruit characteristics of cantaloupe melon in protected environment subjected to irrigation frequencies and substrate volumes
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Andrade, Sérgio P.

; Silva, Tonny J. A. da

; Silva, Edna M. B.

; Arantes, Sayonara A. do C. M.

; Arruda Júnior, Alcides

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Oct 2022, Volumen 26 Nº 10 Paginas 706 - 712

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de frequências de irrigação e volumes de substratos sobre a massa de frutos, qualidade de frutos e eficiência do uso da água de melão cantaloupe em ambiente protegido. O estudo foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Rondonópolis, MT, de fevereiro a agosto de 2021, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso em esquema fatorial 3 × 4 com quatro repetições. Os volumes de substrato utilizados nos vasos plásticos foram de 5, 10 e 15 dm3 e as frequências de irrigação foram uma vez ao dia, duas vezes ao dia, três vezes ao dia e uma vez a cada dois dias. As características avaliadas foram massa de fruto, espessura da polpa, eficiência de uso da água, teor de sólidos solúveis e acidez titulável. As frequências de irrigação de uma e três vezes ao dia apresentaram melhor desempenho para massa de fruto e espessura da polpa. A eficiência do uso da água foi maior para a frequência de três vezes ao dia. Com exceção da acidez titulável, os volumes de substrato de 10 e 15 dm3 apresentaram os maiores desempenhos para todas as variáveis avaliadas. Quanto ao teor de sólidos solúveis os frutos apresentaram níveis que os classificaram como frutos extra, de alta qualidade e indicados para exportação.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of irrigation frequencies and substrate volumes on fruit mass, fruit quality and water use efficiency of cantaloupe melon in protected environment. The study was conducted at the Federal University of Rondonópolis, MT, Brazil, from February to August 2021, in randomized block design in a 3 × 4 factorial scheme with four replicates. The substrate volumes used in plastic pots were 5, 10 and 15 dm3 and the irrigation frequencies were once a day, twice a day, three times a day and once every other day. The characteristics evaluated were fruit mass, pulp thickness, water use efficiency, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity. The irrigation frequencies of once and three times a day showed the best performance for fruit mass and pulp thickness. The water use efficiency was higher for the frequency of three times a day. With the exception of titratable acidity, the substrate volumes of 10 and 15 dm3 showed the highest performances for all the variables evaluated. As for the soluble solids content, all fruits showed levels that classified them as extra fruits, of high quality and indicated for exportation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n10p706-712

13.

Influence of Neuropeptide Y and Neuropeptide Y 2 Receptor Variants in Acute Coronary Syndrome
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Soares, Fábia C. S.

; Araújo, Romário M.

; Werkhauser, Roberto P.

; Diniz, George T.

; Bhaskar, Lakkakula V.K.S

; Carvalho, Viviane D. C. V.

; Tashiro, Tetsuo

; Amorim, Ester A. S.

; Silva, Lilian C. A.

; Montenegro, Sergio Tavares

; Neco, Heytor V. P. C.

; Moraes, Clarice N. L.

; Martins, Danyelly B. G.

; Montenegro, Silvia M. L.

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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Ago 2022, Volumen 35 Nº 4 Paginas 444 - 456

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background The neuropeptide Y (NPY) is one of the most abundant neurotransmitters in the nervous system. NPY acts as a potent stimulator of angiogenesis, inflammation, and adipogenesis, through the NPY 2 receptor (NPY2R). Changes in the NPY signaling pathway have been linked to Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS). Objectives The purpose of this study is to determine the association between variants in the NPY and NPY2R genes, as well as the severity of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods Approximately 221 ACS patients and 278 healthy controls were selected for this study. Four variants in NPY and two variants in NPY2R genes were genotyped using Taqman allelic discrimination and sequencing. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to verify the genotype frequencies. The logistic regression analyses were used for the evaluation of the studied variables. Haplotype analysis was used to evaluate the linkage disequilibrium (LD) between the variants (p<0.05). Results An association of NPY c.20T>C variant was found with the ACS group when compared to the healthy group. In the analysis between variants and risk factors in the ACS group, NPY c.84G>A was associated with hypertension. The analysis between TIMI risk showed a significance for NPY c.20T>C between the low and intermediate/high TIMI risk groups. In the haplotype analysis, strong linkage disequilibrium (LD) was found between the variants NPY c.150G>A and NPY c.-485T>C. Conclusion The NPY c.20T>C variant appears to contribute to the development of ACS. The NPY2R c.-1116A>G variant may contribute to the early development of ACS and the NPY c.84G>A variant appears to contribute to the development of hypertension. In addition, the NPY c.20T>C is associated with a protective effect in ACS severity.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20210053

14.

Caracterización cultural-morfométrica como herramienta para la identificación de Fusariumspp., asociado a Nicotianatabacum l.
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Sosa-Sánchez, Oandis

; Romero-Bastidas, Mirella

; Silva-Pupo, Juan José

; Gaibor-Fernández, Ramiro Remigio

; Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Sergio Florentino

; Ceiro-Catasú, Wilson Geobel

Agronomía Costarricense

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Jun 2022, Volumen 46 Nº 1 Paginas 111 - 128

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. NicotianatabacumL., es un cultivo de importancia económica como producto exportable en Cuba y sus plantaciones pueden ser afectadas significativamente por el fitopatógeno Fusariumspp. Objetivo. El objetivo fue caracterizar cultural y morfométricamente las especies de Fusarium asociadas a N. tabacum. Materiales y métodos. Se colectaron muestras de plantas con afectaciones vasculares, marchitamiento, clorosis y necrosis en tallos y hojas en áreas especializadas en la producción tabacalera en la provincia cubana de Granma. A partir de los tejidos vegetales analizados se obtuvieron 9 aislados en medio Papa Dextrosa Agar (PDA), que se purificaron con cultivos monospóricos. Se utilizaron lo medios PDA, Carnation Leafpiece Agar (CLA), SpeziellerNährstoffarmer Agar (SNA) y Agar Nutriente (AN) para la caracterización cultural-morfométrica sobre la base de caracteres cualitativos y cuantitativos. Se utilizó un diseño completamente aleatorizado y el procesamiento estadístico se realizó mediante un ANOVA factorial y la prueba de Tukey, procesado con InfoStat 2008. Resultados. Los resultados confirmaron la existencia de 9 aislados de Fusarium, de ellos, 5 de F. oxysporum y 4 de F. phyllophylum. La caracterización combinada cultural-morfométrica demostró una mayor variabilidad de la pigmentación en medio PDA en ambas especies de Fusarium y evidenció diferenciación inter e intraespecífica en la formación de estructuras microscópicas, constatándose macroconidios con una talla de 8,17-33,35 x 1,45-6,30 µm en F. oxysporum y de 6,68-20,10 x 1,42-4,67 µm en F. phyllophylum. Conclusiones. Se caracterizan eficazmente por el método combinado cultural-morfométrico 9 aislados de Fusarium spp., (5 de F. oxysporum y 4 de F. phyllophylum) y se pone de manifiesto la selectividad de estas 2 especies por N. tabacum.

Abstract Introduction.Nicotiana tabacum L., is a crop of economic importance as an exportable product in Cuba and its plantations can be significantly affected by the phytopathogen Fusarium spp. Objective. The objective was to characterize culturally and morphometrically the Fusarium species associated with N. tabacum. Materials and methods. Samples of plants with vascular affectations, wilting, chlorosis and necrosis in stems and leaves were collected in areas specialized in tobacco production in the Cuban province of Granma. From the analyzed plant tissues, 9 isolates were obtained in Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) medium, which were purified by monosporic cultures. PDA, Carnation Leafpiece Agar (CLA), SpeziellerNährstoffarmer Agar (SNA) and Nutrient Agar (AN) media were used for cultural-morphometric characterization on the basis of qualitative and quantitative traits. A completely randomized design was used and statistical processing was performed using factorial ANOVA and Tukey's test, processed with InfoStat 2008. Results. The results confirmed the existence of 9 isolates of Fusarium, of them, 5 of F. oxysporum and 4 of F. phyllophylum. The combined cultural-morphometric characterization demonstrated greater variability of pigmentation in PDA medium in both Fusarium species and evidenced inter and intraspecific differentiation in the formation of microscopic structures, verifying macroconidia with a size of 8.17-33.35 x 1.45-6.30 µm in F. oxysporum and 6.68-20.10 x 1.42-4.67 µm in F. phyllophylum. Conclusions. Nine Fusarium spp. Isolates (5 from F. oxysporum and 4 from F. phyllophylum) are efficiently characterized by the combined cultural-morphometric method and the selectivity of these 2 species for N. tabacum is demonstrated.

https://doi.org/10.15517/rac.v46i1.49872

15.

Seed physiological quality of wheat cultivars in response to phosphate fertilization
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Marinho, Jéssica de Lucena

; Silva, Sérgio Ricardo

; Fonseca, Inês Cristina de Batista

; Zucareli, Claudemir

Journal of Seed Science

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2022, Volumen 44 elocation e202244005

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Os nutrientes minerais desempenham importante papel na composição das sementes, influenciando a taxa de germinação e a produção de plântulas vigorosas, o que é fundamental para o estabelecimento do estande de plantas e produtividade da cultura. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da adubação fosfatada sobre o teor de fósforo (P) e a qualidade fisiológica de sementes de cultivares de trigo. Foi utilizado delineamento em parcelas subdivididas 2 × 16, sendo duas doses de P (0 e 140 kg.ha-1) e 16 genótipos de trigo (cultivares BR 18, BR 23, BRS 208, BRS 254, BRS 264, BRS 404, BRS Graúna, BRS Pardela, BRS Sabiá, WT 15025, CD 118, IPR Catuara, Ocepar 14, Supera, TBIO Bandeirante e TBIO Iguaçu). Foram avaliados: primeira contagem, germinação, envelhecimento acelerado, emergência e comprimento de plântulas, condutividade elétrica, índice de velocidade de emergência, teor de P nas sementes e massa de mil sementes. Os dados de doses de P e genótipos de trigo foram submetidos à análise de variância e à comparação de médias pelo teste F e teste de Scott-Knott, respectivamente. As sementes da BR 18 e Ocepar 14 apresentaram maior qualidade fisiológica, enquanto as sementes da TBIO Iguaçu, CD 118 e BRS Sabiá apresentaram menor vigor. A adubação fosfatada proporciona a produção de sementes de trigo com maior teor de P e qualidade fisiológica, mas não influência a massa de mil sementes da maioria das cultivares de trigo.

Abstract: Mineral nutrients play an important role in the composition of seeds, influencing the germination rate and the production of vigorous seedlings, which is fundamental for the establishment of the plant stand and crop yield. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of phosphate fertilization on phosphorus (P) content and the physiological quality of seeds of wheat cultivars. A 2 × 16 split plot design was used, with two rates of P (0 and 140 kg.ha-1) and 16 wheat genotypes (cultivars BR 18, BR 23, BRS 208, BRS 254, BRS 264, BRS 404, BRS Graúna, BRS Pardela, BRS Sabiá, WT 15025, CD 118, IPR Catuara, Ocepar 14, Supera, TBIO Bandeirante and TBIO Iguaçu). The evaluation includes: first count, germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence and length, electrical conductivity, emergence speed index, P content in seeds, and thousand-seed weight. The data of P rates and wheat genotypes were subject to analysis of variance and to the comparison of means by the F-test and Scott-Knott test, respectively. The seeds of BR 18 and Ocepar 14 showed higher physiological quality, whereas the seeds of TBIO Iguaçu, CD 118, and BRS Sabiá showed lower vigor. Phosphate fertilization provides the production of wheat seeds with higher P content and physiological quality, but it does not influence the thousand-seed weight of most wheat cultivars.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2317-1545v44246340

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