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Abstract Medical rescuers are the frontline for COVID-19 and their psychological experience and health are major concerns to our society and healthcare system. This study aims to understand how medical rescuers psychologically experienced this pandemic and explore the contributing variables to COVID-19 anxiety. Portuguese medical rescuers (n = 203) answered questions about their COVID-19 experience, the COVID-19 Anxiety Scale, Patient-Health Questionnaire, Perceived Stress Scale, Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, and Well-Being Questionnaire. Rescuers presented low COVID-19 anxiety and low-moderate levels of fear. Most already faced or were facing changes in their job-related tasks, did not change household and did not feel stigma/discrimination. COVID-19 workplace security measures were considered moderately adequate and low anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, low to moderate stress and moderate well-being were found. Only COVID-19 fear and security measures, anxiety, depression and obsessive-compulsive symptoms explained COVID-19 anxiety. Overall, findings showed these rescuers were psychologically well adjusted during the pandemic’s initial stages.

https://doi.org/10.17575/psicologia.1679

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volumen 40 elocation e23026

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Medical rescuers’ occupational health during COVID-19: Contribution of coping and emotion regulation on burnout, trauma and post-traumatic growth
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Fonseca, Sílvia Monteiro

; Cunha, Sónia

; Campos, Rui

; Faria, Sara

; Silva, Márcio

; Ramos, M. Joaquina

; Azevedo, Guilherme

; Barbosa, António Ruão

; Queirós, Cristina

Análise Psicológica

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Jun 2022, Volumen 40 Nº 1 Paginas 1 - 13

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic places unique challenges to medical rescuers’ occupational health. Thus, it is crucial to assess its direct and indirect impacts on key psychological outcomes and adaptation strategies. This study aims to analyse the impact of this pandemic on medical rescuers’ coping and emotion regulation strategies, and their levels of work-related psychological outcomes, such as burnout, trauma and post-traumatic growth. Additionally, it aims to analyse the contribution of coping and emotion regulation strategies, employed to manage the COVID-19 pandemic, on burnout, trauma and post-traumatic growth. A sample of 111 medical rescuers answered the Brief Cope, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, Impact of Event Scale-Revised and Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Medical rescuers resorted moderately to coping and emotion regulation strategies, since the beginning of COVID-19. They presented moderate burnout and post-traumatic growth and low trauma. Coping presented a higher weight on burnout, trauma and post-traumatic growth, than emotion regulation. Expressive suppression and dysfunctional coping predicted burnout and trauma, and problem and emotion-focused coping predicted post-traumatic growth. Dysfunctional coping mediated and, thus, exacerbated the effect of expressive suppression on burnout and on trauma. Practitioners should pay closer attention to professionals with higher burnout and trauma. Occupational practices should focus on reducing dysfunctional coping and expressive suppression and promoting problem-focused coping.

Resumo A pandemia COVID-19 coloca desafios únicos à saúde ocupacional dos profissionais do pré-hospitalar. Assim, é fundamental avaliar o seu impacto psicológico, para sintomatologia direta ou indiretamente relacionada com a COVID-19. Pretende-se analisar o impacto desta pandemia nos outcomes psicológicos laborais, como burnout, trauma e crescimento pós-traumático, e nas estratégias de coping e regulação emocional. Pretende-se também analisar o contributo do coping e regulação emocional para estes outcomes. Uma amostra de 111 profissionais de emergência médica pré-hospitalar responderam ao Brief Cope, Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, Impact of Event Scale-Revised e Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory. Os profissionais recorreram moderadamente a estratégias de coping e regulação emocional, desde o início da pandemia. Reportaram moderado burnout e crescimento pós-traumático e baixo trauma. O coping apresentou maior peso para os outcomes. A supressão emocional e o coping disfuncional contribuíram para o burnout e trauma, e o coping problema e emoção contribuíram para o crescimento pós-traumático. O coping disfuncional mediou e exarcebou o efeito da supressão emocional no burnout e trauma. Assim, poderá ser dada especial atenção a profissionais com elevado burnout e trauma e as práticas poderão ser focadas na redução do coping disfuncional e supressão emocional, bem como na promoção do coping problema.

https://doi.org/10.14417/ap.1868 31 descargas

Volviéndonos mejores: necesidad de acción inmediata ante el reto de la obesidad. Una postura de profesionales de la salud
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Barquera, Simón

; Véjar-Rentería, Lesly Samara

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos

; Garibay-Nieto, Nayely

; García-García, Eduardo

; Bonvecchio, Anabelle

; Perichart, Otilia

; Torres-Tamayo, Margarita

; Esquivias-Zavala, Héctor

; Villalpando-Carrión, Salvador

; García-Méndez, Rosalba Carolina

; Apolinar-Jiménez, Evelia

; Kaufer-Horwitz, Martha

; Martínez-Montañez, Olga Georgina

; Fajardo Niquete, Ileana

; Aguirre-Crespo, Alejandra

; Gómez-Álvarez, Enrique

; Hernández-Jiménez, Sergio C.

; Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar

; Batis, Carolina

; Elías-López, Daniel

; Palos-Lucio, Ana Gabriela

; Vásquez-Garibay, Edgar M.

; Romero-Velarde, Enrique

; Ortiz-Rodríguez, María Araceli

; Almendra-Pegueros, Rafael

; Contreras, Alejandra

; Nieto, Claudia

; Hernández-Cordero, Sonia

; Munguía, Ana

; Rojas-Russell, Mario

; Sánchez-Escobedo, Samantha

; Delgado-Amézquita, Elvia

; Aranda-González, Irma

; Cruz-Casarrubias, Carlos

; Campos-Nonato, Ismael

; García-Espino, Fátima

; Martínez-Vázquez, Sophia

; Arellano-Gómez, Laura P.

; Caballero-Cantú, Idalia

; Hunot-Alexander, Claudia

; Valero-Morales, Isabel

; González-González, Lorena

; Ríos-Cortázar, Víctor

; Medina-García, Catalina

; Argumedo, Gabriela

; Calleja-Enríquez, Carmen Rosa

; Robles-Macías, Edna

; Nava-González, Edna J.

; Lara-Riegos, Julio

; Sánchez-Plascencia, Ana K.

; Hernández-Fernández, Mauricio

; Rodríguez-Núñez, Jose Luis

; Rangel-Quillo, Sarai

; Cancino-Marentes, Martha Edith

; Hernández-Viana, Mónica J.

; Saldivar-Frausto, Mariana

; Álvarez-Ramírez, Miriam

; Sandoval-Salazar, Cuauhtémoc

; Silva-Tinoco, Rubén Oswaldo

; Moreno-Villanueva, Mildred

; Villarreal-Arce, María Elena

; Barriguete, J. Armando

; White, Mariel

; Jauregui, Alejandra

; Tolentino-Mayo, Lizbeth

; López-Ridaura, Ruy

; Rivera-Dommarco, Juan

Salud Pública de México

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Abr 2022, Volumen 64 Nº 2 Paginas 225 - 229

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: In recent decades, the growing obesity epidemic in Mexico has become one of the most important public health challenges faced by the country. With support from the World Obesity Federation, we formed a working group in 2021 to identify and summarize priority actions that Mexico can take to face this epidemic. More than 1 000 health professionals joined the development and discussion process. Recommendations from previously published, high-level documents and guidelines were taken into account. In commemoration of World Obesity Day 2022, this statement is presented as input for health care professionals to develop actions to address obesity. The statement includes 10 recommendations that include population-level and individual-level actions. It emphasizes the importance of social participation, comprehensive interventions with a person- centered perspective, planetary sustainability, on improving education and communication campaigns, as well as fostering a built environment that promotes active living, and shielding prevention and control efforts from conflicts of interest. The statement calls for obesity to be treated seriously, based on scientific evidence, in a timely and comprehensive manner, employing a life-course and ethical approach that does not perpetuate weight stigma in society.

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

https://doi.org/10.21149/13679

The Program for Biodiversity Research in Brazil: The role of regional networks for biodiversity knowledge, dissemination, and conservation
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ROSA, CLARISSA

; BACCARO, FABRICIO

; CRONEMBERGER, CECILIA

; HIPÓLITO, JULIANA

; BARROS, CLAUDIA FRANCA

; RODRIGUES, DOMINGOS DE JESUS

; NECKEL-OLIVEIRA, SELVINO

; OVERBECK, GERHARD E.

; DRECHSLER-SANTOS, ELISANDRO RICARDO

; ANJOS, MARCELO RODRIGUES DOS

; FERREGUETTI, ÁTILLA C.

; AKAMA, ALBERTO

; MARTINS, MARLÚCIA BONIFÁCIO

; TOMAS, WALFRIDO MORAES

; SANTOS, SANDRA APARECIDA

; FERREIRA, VANDA LÚCIA

; CUNHA, CATIA NUNES DA

; PENHA, JERRY

; PINHO, JOÃO BATISTA DE

; SALIS, SUZANA MARIA

; DORIA, CAROLINA RODRIGUES DA COSTA

; PILLAR, VALÉRIO D.

; PODGAISKI, LUCIANA R.

; MENIN, MARCELO

; BÍGIO, NARCÍSIO COSTA

; ARAGÓN, SUSAN

; MANZATTO, ANGELO GILBERTO

; VÉLEZ-MARTIN, EDUARDO

; SILVA, ANA CAROLINA BORGES LINS E

; IZZO, THIAGO JUNQUEIRA

; MORTATI, AMANDA FREDERICO

; GIACOMIN, LEANDRO LACERDA

; ALMEIDA, THAÍS ELIAS

; ANDRÉ, THIAGO

; SILVEIRA, MARIA AUREA PINHEIRO DE ALMEIDA

; SILVEIRA, ANTÔNIO LAFFAYETE PIRES DA

; MESSIAS, MARILUCE REZENDE

; MARQUES, MARCIA C.M.

; PADIAL, ANDRE ANDRIAN

; MARQUES, RENATO

; BITAR, YOUSZEF O.C.

; SILVEIRA, MARCOS

; MORATO, ELDER FERREIRA

; PAGOTTO, RUBIANI DE CÁSSIA

; STRUSSMANN, CHRISTINE

; MACHADO, RICARDO BOMFIM

; AGUIAR, LUDMILLA MOURA DE SOUZA

; FERNANDES, GERALDO WILSON

; OKI, YUMI

; NOVAIS, SAMUEL

; FERREIRA, GUILHERME BRAGA

; BARBOSA, FLÁVIA RODRIGUES

; OCHOA, ANA C.

; MANGIONE, ANTONIO M.

; GATICA, AILIN

; CARRIZO, MARÍA CELINA

; RETTA, LUCÍA MARTINEZ

; JOFRÉ, LAURA E.

; CASTILLO, LUCIANA L.

; NEME, ANDREA M.

; RUEDA, CARLA

; TOLEDO, JOSÉ JULIO DE

; GRELLE, CARLOS EDUARDO VIVEIROS

; VALE, MARIANA M.

; VIEIRA, MARCUS VINICIUS

; CERQUEIRA, RUI

; HIGASHIKAWA, EMÍLIO MANABU

; MENDONÇA, FERNANDO PEREIRA DE

; GUERREIRO, QUÊZIA LEANDRO DE MOURA

; BANHOS, AUREO

; HERO, JEAN-MARC

; KOBLITZ, RODRIGO

; COLLEVATTI, ROSANE GARCIA

; SILVEIRA, LUÍS FÁBIO

; VASCONCELOS, HERALDO L.

; VIEIRA, CECÍLIA RODRIGUES

; COLLI, GUARINO RINALDI

; CECHIN, SONIA ZANINI

; SANTOS, TIAGO GOMES DOS

; FONTANA, CARLA S.

; JARENKOW, JOÃO A.

; MALABARBA, LUIZ R.

; RUEDA, MARTA P.

; ARAUJO, PUBLIO A.

; PALOMO, LUCAS

; ITURRE, MARTA C.

; BERGALLO, HELENA GODOY

; MAGNUSSON, WILLIAM E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volumen 93 Nº 2 elocation e20201604

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Program for Biodiversity Research (PPBio) is an innovative program designed to integrate all biodiversity research stakeholders. Operating since 2004, it has installed long-term ecological research sites throughout Brazil and its logic has been applied in some other southern-hemisphere countries. The program supports all aspects of research necessary to understand biodiversity and the processes that affect it. There are presently 161 sampling sites (see some of them at Supplementary Appendix), most of which use a standardized methodology that allows comparisons across biomes and through time. To date, there are about 1200 publications associated with PPBio that cover topics ranging from natural history to genetics and species distributions. Most of the field data and metadata are available through PPBio web sites or DataONE. Metadata is available for researchers that intend to explore the different faces of Brazilian biodiversity spatio-temporal variation, as well as for managers intending to improve conservation strategies. The Program also fostered, directly and indirectly, local technical capacity building, and supported the training of hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students. The main challenge is maintaining the long-term funding necessary to understand biodiversity patterns and processes under pressure from global environmental changes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201604 1034 descargas

Characterization, digestibility and prebiotic effect of the fruit extract of Stenocereus queretaroensis F.A.C. Weber Buxbaum
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Gaytán-Andrade, José J.

; Cobos-Puc, Luis E.

; Iliná, Anna

; Moreno-Dávila, Illeana M. M.

; Aguilar, Cristóbal N.

; Silva-Belmares, Sonia Y.

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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Sep 2020, Volumen 43 Nº 3 Paginas 325 - 333

Resumen: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La digestibilidad es la facilidad con la que los alimentos se convierten en el sistema digestivo en sustancias útiles para la nutrición; ésta comprende la hidrólisis de moléculas complejas y la absorción de moléculas pequeñas en el intestino. La microbiota es fundamental en estos procesos y el mal funcionamiento de estos microorganismos está asociado con enfermedades metabólicas. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar y evaluar la digestibilidad y el efecto prebiótico del extracto de fruto de Stenocereus queretaroensis, ya que se desconocen su valor nutricional y funcionalidad. El extracto se obtuvo del fruto a 4 °C usando un extractor de jugo; posteriormente, se filtró y liofilizó; además, se determinó su valor y calidad nutricional parcial mediante análisis fisicoquímicos y proximales. Asimismo, se establecieron técnicas para evaluar la digestibilidad oral, gástrica e intestinal y para evaluar el efecto prebiótico. El extracto mostró un color rojo (L* = 17.21 ± 0.1, a* = 38.61 ± 0.1, b* = 10.60 ± 0.2), con un pH de 3.78 ± 0.1, sin grasa cruda y 0.77 ± 0.0 % (p/p) de fibra cruda, 1.36 ± 0.0 % de proteína, 88.82 ± 0.8 % de extracto libre de nitrógeno y efecto prebiótico para Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus sporogenes y L. delbrueckii.

Summary Digestibility is the ease with which food is converted in the digestive system into useful substances for nutrition; it comprises the hydrolysis of complex molecules and the absorption of small molecules in the intestine. The microbiota is essential in these processes and the malfunction of these microorganisms is associated with metabolic diseases. The objective of this study was to characterize and evaluate the digestibility and prebiotic effect of the Stenocereus queretaroensis fruit extract, since its nutritional value and functionality are unknown. The extract was obtained from the fruit at 4 °C using a juice extractor; then, it was filtered and lyophilized, and its partial nutritional value and quality were determined by physicochemical and proximal analyses. In addition, techniques were established to evaluate the oral, gastric, and intestinal digestibility, and to evaluate the prebiotic effect. The extract displayed a red color (L* = 17.21 ± 0.1, a* =38.61 ± 0.1, b* = 10.60 ± 0.2), with a pH of 3.78 ± 0.1, without crude fat, and 0.77 ± 0.0 % (w/w) of raw fiber, 1.36 ± 0.0 % protein, 88.82 ± 0.8 % of nitrogen-free extract, and prebiotic effect to Bacillus coagulans, Lactobacillus sporogenes and L. delbrueckii.

https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2020.3.325

Non-marine invasive gastropods on Ilha Grande (Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil): distribution and implications for conservation
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Oliveira, Jaqueline L. de

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Gonçalves, Isabela Cristina B.

; Ximenes, Renata F.

; Lacerda, Luiz Eduardo M. de

; Silva, Patrícia S. C. da

; Fonseca, Francielle C.

; Barbosa, Amilcar B.

; Nunes, Gleisse Kelly M.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

Biota Neotropica

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2020, Volumen 20 Nº 3 elocation e20201060

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo As espécies invasoras são uma das maiores causas de perda de biodiversidade e o conhecimento acerca da sua distribuição é essencial para os esforços de conservação. O presente estudo inventariou os moluscos continentais invasores em 25 vilas da Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), uma ilha com remanescentes de Mata Atlântica. Três espécies invasoras foram encontradas: Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774), Physa acuta Draparnaud, 1805, ambas em duas localidades; e Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822, em 16 localidades. A maior parte dos registros foi no lado continental da ilha, provavelmente devido a facilidade de acesso. Um dos registros foi dentro de uma área de conservação, o que chama a atenção para a dispersão destas espécies na ilha, e seus possíveis efeitos.

Abstract Invasive species are one of the main causes of biodiversity loss and the knowledge of their distribution is essential for conservation efforts. The present study inventoried the land and freshwater invasive molluscs of 25 villages of Ilha Grande (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), an island with Atlantic Rainforest remnants. Three invasive species are found: Melanoides tuberculata (Müller, 1774), Physa acuta Draparnaud, 1805, both on two localities; and Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822, on 16 localities. Most records were done on the island continental side, in anthropic areas, probably due to ease of access. One record was inside a conservation area, that calls concern about the spread of those species on the island and possible effects.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-1060 661 descargas

Soil compaction on traffic lane due to soil tillage and sugarcane mechanical harvesting operations
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Júnnyor, Wellingthon da Silva Guimarães

; Maria, Isabella Clerici De

; Araujo-Junior, Cezar Francisco

; Lima, Camila Cassante de

; Vitti, André César

; Figueiredo, Getulio Coutinho

; Dechen, Sonia Carmela Falci

Scientia Agricola

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Dic 2019, Volumen 76 Nº 6 Paginas 509 - 517

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Mechanical sugarcane harvesting increases soil compaction due to the intense traffic of agricultural machinery, reducing longevity of sugarcane crops. In order to mitigate the harmful effects caused by agricultural traffic on the soil structure in sugarcane fields, this study evaluated impacts of mechanical sugarcane harvesting on traffic lane under two soil tillage systems based on load bearing capacity models. The experiment was carried out in the region of Piracicaba, state of São Paulo, Brazil, on a Rhodic Nitisol, under conventional tillage (CT) and deep strip-tillage (DST). For CT soil tillage was applied to the entire area with a heavy disk harrow, at operating depths from 0.20 to 0.30 m followed by a leveling harrow at a depth of 0.15 m. For DST, soil tillage was performed in part of the area at a depth of 0.80 m, forming strip beds for sugarcane planting, while the traffic lanes were not disturbed. Undisturbed soil samples from traffic lanes were used in the uniaxial compression test to quantify preconsolidation pressure and to model the soil load bearing capacity. The surface layer (0.00-0.10 m) was most susceptible to compaction, regardless of the tillage system (CT or DST) used. In the DST, the traffic lane maintained the previous soil stress history and presented higher load bearing capacity (LBC) than the traffic lane in the CT. As in CT the soil was tilled, the stress history was discontinued. This larger LBC in DTS minimized the impacts of the sugarcane harvest. Under CT, additional soil compaction due to mechanical sugarcane harvesting in the traffic lane was observed after the second sugarcane harvest. There was a reduction in load bearing capacity from 165 kPa to 68 kPa under CT and from 230 kPa to 108 kPa under DST, from the first to the second harvest at surface layer. Water content at mechanical harvesting was the most relevant factor to maximize impacts on the soil structure in traffic lanes, for both tillage systems.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2018-0052 1345 descargas

Forages quality of Cenchrus clandestinum and Lolium perenne forages in the form of hay at different regrowth ages
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Silva Déley, Lucia M.

; Acosta Velarde, Jaime I.

; Parra Gallardo, Giovana P.

; Martínez Freire, Maira N.

; Toro Molina, Blanca M.

; Sambache Tayupanta, Juan E.

; Peñafiel Acosta, Sonia E.

; Chacón Marcheco, Edilberto

Cuban Journal of Agricultural Science

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Sep 2019, Volumen 53 Nº 3 Paginas 299 - 306

Resumen: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT In order to determine the chemical composition of Cenchrus clandestinum and Lolium perenne hay at different regrowth ages, a completely randomized design with three treatments and five repetitions was used for each of the species. The research was conducted in the province of Chimborazo, Ecuador. An amount of 30 male sheep of 25 kg average weight were used. Indicators of dry and organic matter, crude protein, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, acid detergent lignin and ash were evaluated. Dry matter digestibility, organic matter, crude protein and crude fiber were determined. The highest dry matter value in Cenchrus clandestinum occurred at 50 days old with 93.98%, and for protein it was at 30 days with 14.95%. The highest percentage of fiber was presented at 50 days with 37.22. For Lolium perenne, the best result of dry matter was at 60 days with 87.23% and the crude protein at 30 with 18.33%. The highest values of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and acid detergent lignin appeared at 60 days, with 63.70, 52.10 and 4.30%, respectively. In specific cases of protein digestibility, the best results appeared after 30 days with 89.27% for Cenchrus and 84.15 % for Lolium. The studied forages have an acceptable quality and chemical composition to be conserved as hay in the different evaluated regrowth ages.

RESUMEN Con el objetivo de determinar la calidad de los forrajes Cenchrus clandestinum y Lolium perenne en forma de heno a diferentes edades de rebrote, se empleó un diseño completamente al azar con tres tratamientos y cinco repeticiones, para cada una de las especies. La investigación se realizó en la provincia de Chimborazo, Ecuador. Se utilizaron 30 ovinos machos de 25 kg de peso promedio. Se evaluaron los indicadores, materia seca y orgánica, proteína bruta, fibra bruta, fibra detergente neutra, fibra detergente ácida, lignina detergente ácida y ceniza. Se determinó la digestibilidad de la materia seca, la materia orgánica, la proteína bruta y la fibra bruta. El mayor valor de materia seca en Cenchrus clandestinum lo presentó la edad de 50 días con 93.98 %, y para la proteína fue a los 30 días con 14.95 %. El mayor porcentaje de fibra se presentó a los 50 días con 37.22. Para el Lolium perenne el mejor resultado de la materia seca fue a los 60 días con 87.23 % y la proteína bruta a los 30 con 18.33 %. Los mayores valores de fibra detergente neutra, ácida y lignina detergente ácida aparecieron a los 60 días, con 63.70, 52.10 y 4.30%, respectivamente. En los casos específicos de la digestibilidad de la proteína los mejores resultados se aprecian a los 30 días con 89.27% para el Cenchrus y 84.15 % para el Lolium. Los forrajes estudiados poseen una composición química y calidad aceptable para ser conservados como henos en las diferentes edades de rebrotes evaluadas.

10.

ANÁLISES MELISSOPALINOLÓGICAS, FÍSICO-QUÍMICAS, ATIVIDADE ANTIRRADICALAR E PERFIL QUÍMICO POR UPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS/MS DOS MÉIS DE Frieseomelitta doederleini (ABELHA BRANCA): COMPARAÇÃO COM OS FENÓLICOS PRESENTES NAS FLORES DE Mimosa tenuiflora (JUREMA PRETA)
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Santisteban, Rogelio M.

; Cabrera, Sonia P.

; Neto, José F.

; Silva, Eva M. S.

; Correia, Rebert C.

; Alves, Rodolfo F.

; Santos, Francisco de A. R. dos

; Camara, Celso A.

; Silva, Tania M. S.

Química Nova

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Ago 2019, Volumen 42 Nº 8 Paginas 874 - 884

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Melissopalynological, physicochemical analysis, mineral content, antiradical activity and profile of compounds by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with a Diode Array Detector and quadrupole Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-DAD-qTOF-MS/MS) of Frieseomelitta doederleini honeys from semiarid region of the Northeast of Brazil are presented. The melissopalynological analysis showed two principal pollen types of Mimosa tenuiflora (jurema preta) and Shinus sp (aroeira). The chemical profile data obtained by UPLC-DAD-qTOF-MS/MS of the Mimosa tenuiflora flowers (principal pollen of honey) and the five samples of F. doederleini honeys both flowers and honey showed similar profile. Abelha branca honeys samples had similar characteristic profile of phenolic compounds (flavonoids), and also antiradical activity. The main flavonoids identified in the honey samples in the jurema preta flowers were flavonols/flavone and flavanols/flavanones aglycones. All the flavonoids identified showing that the nectar collected by the bees may be from this plant species. The antiradical activity of the honey samples strongly correlated with their phenolic content. Among the minerals analyzed, potassium was the most abundant, followed by magnesium.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170407 739 descargas

11.

Retrospective analysis of hepatitis B virus chronic infection in 247 patients: clinical stages, response to treatment and poor prognostic factors
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Cunha-Silva, Marlone

; Marinho, Fábio R.T.

; Oliveira, Paulo F.

; Lopes, Tirzah M.

; Sevá-Pereira, Tiago

; Lorena, Sonia L.S.

; Almeida, Jazon R.S.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Ago 2017, Volumen 21 Nº 4 Paginas 441 - 447

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Chronic hepatitis B is a major cause of cirrhosis, and the natural history of the disease has several clinical stages that should be thoroughly understood for the implementation of proper treatment. Nonetheless, curing the disease with antiviral treatment remains a challenge. Aims: To describe the clinical course, response to treatment, and poor prognostic factors in 247 hepatitis B virus chronic infection patients treated in a tertiary hospital in Brazil. Methods: This was a retrospective and observational study, by analyzing the medical records of HBV infected patients between January 2000 and January 2015. Results: Most patients were male (67.2%) and 74.1% were HBeAg negative. Approximately 41% had cirrhosis and 8.5% were hepatitis C virus coinfected. The viral load was negative after two years on lamivudine, entecavir and tenofovir in 86%, 90.6%, and 92.9% of the patients, respectively. The five-year resistance rates for lamivudine, adefovir, entecavir, and tenofovir were 57.5%, 51.8%, 1.9%, and 0%, respectively. The overall seroconversion rates were 31.2% for HBeAg and 9.4% for HBsAg. Hepatocellular carcinoma was diagnosed in 9.7% of patients, liver transplantation was performed in 9.7%, and overall mortality was 10.5%. Elevations of serum alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.0059) and viral load (p < 0.0001) were associated with progression to liver cirrhosis. High viral load was associated with progression to hepatocellular carcinoma (p < 0.0001). Significant risk factors associated with death were elevated alanine aminotransferase (p = 0.0039), liver cirrhosis (p < 0.0001), high viral load (p = 0.007), and hepatocellular carcinoma (p = 0.0008). HBeAg positive status was not associated with worse outcomes, and treatment may have been largely responsible. Conclusions: Elevations of viral load and serum alanine aminotransferase may select patients with worse prognosis, especially progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which were strongly association with death.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.03.019 1042 descargas

12.

Efficacy of a Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri extract to control bacterial biofilms and dental calculus in dogs
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Abdalla, Samira L.

; Costa, Sônia S.

; Gioso, Marco Antônio

; Casanova, Livia M.

; Coutinho, Marcela A.S.

; Silva, Marta Fernanda A.

; Botelho, Maria Clara da S.N.

; Dias, Raquel S.G.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Ago 2017, Volumen 37 Nº 8 Paginas 859 - 865

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Um extrato aquoso de folhas da espécie medicinal Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri (aqui denominado como KGB) foi efetivo como um agente antimicrobiano contra as bactérias da cavidade oral de cães em testes in vitro. Neste estudo, investigou-se o efeito da administração oral tópica de KGB sobre o desenvolvimento do biofilme dental em cães da raça Beagle. Os experimentos foram realizados com um grupo experimental (0,2% de extrato de KGB), um grupo controle negativo (0,9% de solução salina) e um grupo controle positivo (0,12% de gluconato de clorexidina). Cada tratamento foi aplicado no interior da cavidade oral diariamente durante 28 dias. Foram utilizados trinta cães da raça Beagle com características semelhantes e mantidos sob o mesmo manejo e dieta. A medição da placa bacteriana e cálculo dentários foi realizada utilizando-se um método de análise computadorizada. O perfil fenólico do extrato de KGB foi analisado por HPLC-DAD. O extrato de KGB a 0,2% mostrou eficácia no controle da formação de placa bacteriana em comparação com o grupo controle negativo, e de cálculo dentário em relação aos grupos controle negativo e positivo. Uma diferença significativa foi observada entre esses três grupos. Picos atribuídos a flavonoides e ácidos fenólicos foram identificados no cromatograma de HPLC-DAD do extrato de KGB. A presença de tais substâncias pode estar relacionada com a atividade observada. Os resultados demonstram que o tratamento com KGB é eficaz no controle da doença periodontal em cães, fornecendo novas perspectivas sobre as propriedades medicinais desta planta. O extrato de KGB tem uma utilização potencial como um agente suplementar em produtos farmacêuticos para a prevenção da doença periodontal.

ABSTRACT: An aqueous leaf extract of the medicinal species Kalanchoe gastonis-bonnieri (here denominated KGB) has been found to be effective as an antimicrobial agent against canine oral cavity bacteria in in vitro assays. In this study, we investigated the effect of topic oral administration of KGB on the development of dental biofilm in Beagle dogs. The experiments were performed with an experimental group (0.2% of KGB extract), a negative control group (0.9% of saline solution) and a positive control group (0.12% chlorhexidine). Each treatment was sprayed into the oral cavity daily for 28 days. Thirty Beagle dogs with similar characteristics and kept under the same management and diet were used. The measurement of dental plaque and calculus was performed using a computerized analytical method. The phenolic profile of KGB extract was analyzed by HPLC-DAD. KGB extract at 0.2% showed efficacy in controlling the formation of plaque compared to the negative control group, and dental calculus in relation to the negative and positive control groups. A significant difference was observed among these three groups. Peaks attributed to flavonoids and phenolic acids were identified in the HPLC-DAD chromatogram of the KGB extract. The presence of these substances could be related to the activity observed. Our findings demonstrate that treatment with KGB is effective in controlling periodontal disease in dogs, providing new insights into the medicinal properties of this plant. KGB extract has a potential use as a supplemental agent in pharmaceutical products for the prevention of periodontal disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-736x2017000800013 1873 descargas

13.

THERMAL EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT COVERAGE MATERIALS IN REDUCED MODELS OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY FACILITIES: A CASE STUDY
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Castro, Ariane C. de

; Silva, Iran J. O. da

; Nazareno, Aérica C.

; Nunes, Maria L. A.

; Piedade, Sônia M. de S.

Engenharia Agrícola

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Jun 2017, Volumen 37 Nº 3 Paginas 403 - 413

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study aimed to assess different combinations of coverage materials in reduced models of animal husbandry facilities based on thermal comfort indices. It was conducted in an experimental area of the Research Center in Ambience located in São Paulo State, Brazil (22°42′30″ S and 47°38′00″ W). The performance of ceramic and fiber-cement (white painted) tiles was assessed associated with two types of polypropylene commercial linings (lining A and B) installed below the roof, and a thermo-reflective screen (lining C) installed above the fiber-cement roof. Microclimatic assessment of distorted reduced-scale models was performed at 15-minute intervals by registering the air temperature, black globe temperature, relative humidity and air velocity. Subsequently, black globe humidity index, specific enthalpy, and radiant heat load were calculated. The experimental design was randomized block design with 5 treatments and 15 blocks (replications), totaling 75 experimental units. The reduced-scale models with lining B presented a reduction for all thermal comfort indices. Lining C, installed on the coverage, showed no upgrading of environmental thermal conditions. Thus, lining B presented a better thermal performance regardless the tile type.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n3p403-413/2017 1681 descargas

14.

EFFECT OF AUDITORY ENRICHMENT (MUSIC) IN PREGNANT SOWS WELFARE
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Silva, Flávia R. S.

; Miranda, Késia O. da S.

; Piedade, Sônia M. de S.

; Salgado, Douglas D'Alessandro

Engenharia Agrícola

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Abr 2017, Volumen 37 Nº 2 Paginas 215 - 225

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Studies have shown that the benefits from music can improve the welfare conditions of laboratory, pet and production animals. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of music (Antonio Lucio Vivaldi compositions) on behavior aspects (position, activity, stereotypes, social and agonistic behavior) and physiological responses (respiratory rate and rectal temperature) in gestating sows in individual cages (stage 1), and collective stalls (stage 2). 28 animals were studied, 14 belonged to music group, and 14 to the control group (without music).The respiratory rate had the lowest averages in the group with music, for example, in stage 1, time 1, values of 19.28 and 21.50 mov.min−1. In stage 2, the values found in the same time were 20.36 and 24.16, and in time 2, values of 24.37 and 27.18 mov.min−1. These findings follow in stage 2 until time 4.Behaviors position, activity, stereotypes and agonistic interaction with the researcher were also influenced by the music. We concluded from the results that music influenced the behavior of animals, providing greater relaxing and reduce stereotypes aspects related to a better welfare.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v37n2p215-225/2017 2044 descargas

15.

Copper(II) Nitroaromatic Schiff Base Complexes: Synthesis, Biological Activity and Their Interaction with DNA and Albumins
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Martins, Darliane A.

; Bomfim Filho, Lucius F.

; Silva, Cleiton M. da

; Fátima, Ângelo de

; Louro, Sonia R. W.

; Batista, Denise G. J.

; Soeiro, Maria de Nazaré C.

; Carvalho, João Ernesto de

; Teixeira, Letícia R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Ene 2017, Volumen 28 Nº 1 Paginas 87 - 97

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Copper(II) complexes of the Schiff base ligands 2-((5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methyleneamino)phenol (HL1) and 2-(4-nitrobenzylideneamino)phenol (HL2) were prepared and characterized using physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. In these complexes the Schiff base ligands acted as a bidentate donor bound to Cu2+ through the oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the deprotonated form. The electron paramagnetic resonance spectra, carried out on [CuCl(L1)(phen)].0.5H2O and [CuCl(L2)(phen)].2H2O complexes, showed the presence of only mononuclear forms. The Cu2+ complexes and ligands were evaluated for their in vitro trypanocidal activity. The complex [CuCl(L1)(phen)].0.5H2O was more active than the free Schiff base and also presented a superior effect to benznidazole, the reference drug. The antiproliferative activity of the Schiff bases and Cu2+ complexes were evaluated for their effect on seven tumor cell lines and showed a cytostatic and in some cases a cytotoxic effect. These compounds also presented binding properties to deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and moderate ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of albumins.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160150 1470 descargas

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