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Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and changes in lipoprotein. Literature data suggest that cholesterol associated with high-density lipoprotein (HDLc) plays a protective role against albuminuria and diabetic nephropathy. These factors are related with changes in serum apolipoproteins such Apo A-I. This work aims to evaluate the correlation of apolipoprotein A-I with renal function in diabetic outpatients. Samples were collected from 281 outpatients for analyses of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), serum creatinine (SCr), urea (BUN), cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDLc) and estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Urinary samples were obtained to assess urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR). Triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) was calculated to estimate insulin resistance. The mean age was 61,5 ± 16,4 years. Most patients were female, Afro-Mestizo and over 50 years of age. Pearson's revealed negative correlation of creatinine with HDLc and Apo A-I. There was a correlation of eGFR with HbA1c, TG and HDLc. TyG presented a negative correlation with Apo A-I and HDLc. The highest quartiles of UACR presented the highest TyG and the lowest Apo A-I. In conclusion, Apo A-I indicated an association with insulin resistance and changes in renal function parameters, especially as a factor associated with the onset of albuminuria, with a better predictive potential than the HDLc.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2024230487

Organic matter fractions of soil aggregates under agroecological production systems in the southeast of Brazil
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Rossi, Celeste Queiroz

; Pinto, Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues

; Souza, Rodrigo Camara de

; Morais, Igor de Sousa

; Miranda, Luciele Hilda da Silva

; Silva, Tiago Paula da

; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio

Revista Ciência Agronômica

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2024, Volumen 55 elocation e20228601

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Agroecological management is considered a model of sustainable agriculture that offers social, environmental and economic benefits. The hypotheses of this study were that agroecological production systems can promote changes in the physical fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) associated with aggregates of different origins, and that the greater diversity of plant species in the production system may favour an increase in the carbon concentration of these aggregates. The aim of this study was to a) determine the mass of the free light fraction (FLF), intra-aggregate light fraction (ILF) and light organic matter fraction (LOM) of biogenic and physiogenic soil aggregates; and b) quantify the organic carbon content of the three light SOM fractions and the residual particulate SOM fraction. Five production systems were evaluated: AgF - Agroforestry system; CSun - Coffee grown in full sun; CSha - Coffee grown in shade; FLE - Flemingia grown in alleys; and NT - No-tillage. The aggregates were separated, identified and classified according to their origin or formation pathway into biogenic (formed by biological processes) or physiogenic aggregates (resulting from chemical and physical actions). From these, the mass and carbon content of the FLF, ILF, LOM and residual particulate fractions were quantified. The greater diversity of plant species found in the AgF system has not yet favoured an increase in the carbon content of the aggregates. The longer set-up time and the management practices of the CSun system has led to an increase in the carbon content of the organic fractions of the aggregates (3.44-1.63 g kg-1 for C-LOM; 1.93-1.13 g kg-1 for C-FLF). The lowest overall mean values for LOM and ILF were found mainly in the aggregates of the NT system (1.22-1.67 and 1.55-2.20 g kg-1, respectively), being associated with the shorter time and greater mobilisation of the arable layer. Biogenic aggregation afforded the highest overall mean values for LOM, and increased the mass of the light fractions (15.5%-27.8% for FLF; 23.4%-8.0% for ILF) and the carbon in the C-LOM, C-FLF and residual particulate fractions (42.3%, 12.9%, and 35.0%, respectively) in the surface layer, suggesting an improvement in soil quality.

https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20240002

Rastreio da Malnutrição nos Cuidados de Saúde Primários
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Lopes, Paulo André

; Roque, Ana Carolina

; Sacramento, Ana Luísa

; Valentim, Bruno

; Gonçalves, Catarina Vieira

; Lourenço, Cristiane

; Costa, Fábio Leite

; Roque, Joana

; Grácio, João

; Agrela, Pedro

; Lopes, Pedro Tiago

; Marinho, Ricardo Cleto

; Ramos de Sousa, Ricardo

; Viana, Rita

; Ferreira, Vitor Hugo

; Veríssimo, Manuel Teixeira

; Tarantino, Silvia

; Marinho, Aníbal

Medicina Interna

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Jun 2023, Volumen 30 Nº 2 Paginas 47 - 55

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract In the community, malnutrition is manifested by the loss of muscle mass, being associated with a decrease in muscle strength, an increased risk of frailty, functional impairment and impaired healing of chronic wounds, as well as a higher incidence of infections. It is estimated that malnutrition affects one in three elderly people at home and one in three patients in elderly care institutions. Malnutrition is reversible as long as the patient has access to timely nutritional screening that identifies their nutritional risk and as long as an individualized nutritional intervention is instituted. Disease associated malnutrition continues to be perceived as a secondary problem in primary health care, so the implementation of nutritional risk screening, as a routine parameter, is the first step in improving access to nutritional care in the community. In this article, the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool is proposed for routine nutritional screening in primary care.

Resumo Na comunidade, a malnutrição manifesta-se pela perda de massa muscular, estando associada à diminuição da força muscular, ao aumento do risco de fragilidade, ao comprometimento funcional e da cicatrização de feridas crónicas, assim como a maior incidência de infeções. Estima-se que a malnutrição afete um em cada três idosos no seu domicílio e um em cada três utentes em instituições de cuidados de idosos. A malnutrição é reversível desde que o utente tenha acesso a um atempado rastreio nutricional que identifique o seu risco nutricional e instituída uma intervenção nutricional individualizada. A malnutrição associada à doença continua a ser percecionada como um problema secundário nos cuidados de saúde primários, pelo que a implementação do rastreio do risco nutricional, como um parâmetro de rotina, é o primeiro passo na melhoria do acesso aos cuidados nutricionais na comunidade. Neste artigo, é proposta a ferramenta Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool para rastreio nutricional de rotina nos cuidados de saúde primários.

https://doi.org/10.24950/rspmi.1055

Religião e políticas de moralidade em Portugal: dos argumentos às estratégias de intervenção.
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Sousa, Tiago

; Silva, Patrícia

Análise Social

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Jun 2023, Nº 247 Paginas 294 - 320

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Morality policies tend to be associated with religious values, despite not being defined by religious actors. However, in contexts characterized by high religious vitality in terms of belonging, beliefs or behavior, the relationship between politics and religion tends not to be exempt from cooperation and negotiation. This article analyzes the arguments and strategies of intervention displayed by the Portuguese Episcopal Conference in relation to four policies of morality: voluntary interruption of pregnancy, medical assisting in dying, same sex marriage and same sex adoption. Empirically, the article presents a systematic analysis of documents of the Portuguese Episcopal Conference during the last two decades.

Resumo As políticas de moralidade tendem a estar associadas a valores religiosos, embora não sejam definidas pela religião. Contudo, em contextos caracterizados por elevada vitalidade religiosa em termos de pertença, crenças ou comportamentos, a relação entre a política e a religião tende a não ser isenta de cooperação e negociação. Este artigo analisa de que forma a Conferência Episcopal Portuguesa (CEP) se posiciona, examinando os argumentos e estratégias de intervenção relativamente a quatro políticas de moralidade: interrupção voluntária da gravidez; morte medicamente assistida; casamento entre pessoas do mesmo sexo; e adoção por casais do mesmo sexo. Empiricamente, o artigo apresenta uma análise sistemática dos documentos da CEP das duas últimas décadas.

https://doi.org/10.31447/as00032573.2023247.05

Adult-Onset Genetic Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis: A Tale of Two Mutations
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Sousa, Luís Leite de

; Pimenta, Gonçalo

; Veríssimo, Rita

; Theias, Rita

; Carvalho, Tiago

Portuguese Journal of Nephrology & Hypertension

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Mar 2023, Volumen 37 Nº 1 Paginas 40 - 44

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a kidney histologic lesion that may be caused by multiple aetiologies and pathophysiological mechanisms, with podocyte injury and depletion as the common denominator. FSGS may be subdivided into different subclasses: primary, secondary, genetic and unknown forms. Notwithstanding the overlapping clinical and histological characteristics across the different forms of FSGS, their management and response to treatment are strikingly different. Genetic FSGS may be suggested by the appearance of nephrotic syndrome during childhood, but it may also present in adulthood, where the diagnosis is rather challenging due to widely variable clinical and histological phenotypes. Herein we present the case of a 34-year-old female with a family history of chronic kidney disease of undetermined aetiology, referred for a Nephrology consultation due to haematoproteinuria and de novo arterial hypertension. Complementary evaluation revealed a urinary protein/creatinine ratio of 4.3 g/g and albumin/creatinine ratio of 3.9 g/g with hypoalbuminaemia. Kidney biopsy revealed lesions of FSGS, associated with extensive foot process effacement. The constellation of findings and family history of kidney disease raised the suspicion of a genetic cause, therefore genetic testing was performed. Two variants in the NPHS2 gene [c.686G>A, p.(Arg229Gln) and c.855_856del, p(Arg286Thrfs*17)] were found in compound heterozygosity, compatible with the diagnosis of genetic FSGS. This case highlights the importance of a detailed evaluation of patients with FSGS lesions in order to identify the FSGS form, given its therapeutic and prognostic impact, including after kidney transplantation.

https://doi.org/10.32932/pjnh.2023.02.225

Incidence of contrast-associated acute kidney injury: a prospective cohort
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Ribeiro, André Lucas

; Sousa, Fabricio Bergelt de

; Juchem, Beatriz Cavalcanti

; Zimerman, André

; Bernardi, Guilherme

; Vivan, Manoela Astolfi

; Garcia, Tiago Severo

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2023, Nº ahead

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: Contrast-associated acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) is a deterioration of kidney function that occurs after the administration of a iodinated contrast medium (ICM). Most studies that defined this phenomenon used older ICMs that were more prone of causing CA-AKI. In the past decade, several articles questioned the true incidence of CA-AKI. However, there is still a paucity of a data about the safety of newer ICM. Objective: To assess the incidence of CA-AKI in hospitalized patients that were exposed to computed tomography (CT) with and without ICM. Methods: Prospective cohort study with 1003 patients who underwent CT in a tertiary hospital from December 2020 through March 2021. All inpatients aged > 18 years who had a CT scan during this period were screened for the study. CA-AKI was defined as a relative increase of serum creatinine of ≥ 50% from baseline or an absolute increase of ≥ 0.3 mg/dL within 18 to 48 hours after the CT. Chi-squared test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and linear regression model with restricted cubic splines were used for statistical analyses. Results: The incidence of CA-AKI was 10.1% in the ICM-exposed group and 12.4% in the control group when using the absolute increase criterion. The creatinine variation from baseline was not significantly different between groups. After adjusting for baseline factors, contrast use did not correlate with worse renal function. Conclusion: The rate of CA-AKI is very low, if present at all, with newer ICMs, and excessive caution regarding contrast use is probably unwarranted.

RESUMO Introdução: Lesão renal aguda associada ao contraste (LRA-AC) é uma deterioração da função renal que ocorre após a administração de meio de contraste iodado (MCI). A maioria dos estudos que definiram esse fenômeno utilizaram MCI mais antigos, mais propensos a causar LRA-AC. Na última década, diversos artigos questionaram a verdadeira incidência de LRA-AC. Entretanto, ainda há escassez de dados sobre a segurança dos MCI mais novos. Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência de LRA-AC em pacientes hospitalizados expostos à tomografia computadorizada (TC) com e sem MCI. Métodos: Estudo de coorte prospectivo com 1.003 pacientes submetidos a TC em hospital terciário, de dezembro/2020 a março/2021. Todos os pacientes internados com idade ≥ 18 anos que realizaram TC nesse período foram selecionados. A LRA-AC foi definida como aumento relativo de creatinina sérica de ≥ 50% em relação ao valor basal ou aumento absoluto de ≥ 0,3 mg/dL dentro de 18 a 48 horas após a TC. Utilizamos o teste qui-quadrado, teste de Kruskal-Wallis e modelo de regressão linear com splines cúbicos restritos para análises estatísticas. Resultados: A incidência de LRA-AC foi 10,1% no grupo exposto ao MCI e 12,4% no grupo controle ao usar o critério de aumento absoluto. A variação da creatinina em relação ao valor basal não foi significativamente diferente entre os grupos. Após ajuste para fatores basais, o uso de contraste não se correlacionou com pior função renal. Conclusão: A taxa de LRA-AC é muito baixa, caso exista, com MCIs mais novos, e a cautela excessiva quanto ao uso de contraste provavelmente não se justifica.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2023-0019en

Feline leishmaniosis: hematological and biochemical analysis
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Silva, Diogo Tiago da

; Alves, Maria Luana

; Spada, Júlio Cesar Pereira

; Leonel, João Augusto Franco

; Vioti, Geovanna

; Benassi, Julia Cristina

; Carregaro, Valéria Maria Lara

; Alves-Martin, Maria Fernanda

; Starke-Buzetti, Wilma Aparecida

; Oliveira, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2023, Volumen 32 Nº 2 elocation e003823

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract One hundred and sixty-six cats from two animal shelters were subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), conventional polymerase chain reaction (cPCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR) and parasitological tests (PA) for the diagnosis of Leishmania spp. Among them, 15% (25/166), 53.6% (89/166), 3.6% (06/166) and 1.8% (03/166) were positive by ELISA, IFAT, both PCRs and PA, respectively. The sequencing of ITS-1 PCR amplicons revealed a 100% match with Leishmania infantum. After the Leishmania spp. survey, 12 cats were selected and divided into two groups for clinical, hematological, and biochemical analysis: six L. infantum positive cats (G1) and six Leishmania spp. negative cats (G2). All the cats were negative for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV). A statistical analysis indicated significantly low platelet counts and significant hyperproteinemia associated with hypoalbuminemia in positive cats (p<0.05). Our results suggest that in endemic areas, cats with clinical signs of feline leishmaniosis (such as skin lesions, weight loss and/or enlarged lymph nodes) and that exhibit hematological and biochemical changes, such as low platelet counts and hyperproteinemia with hypoalbuminemia, should be tested for Leishmania spp. infection.

Resumo Cento e sessenta e seis gatos de dois abrigos foram submetidos ao diagnóstico de Leishmania spp. por ensaio imunoenzimático (ELISA), imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), reação em cadeia pela polimerase convencional (cPCR) e quantitativa (qPCR) e métodos parasitológicos (PA). Destes, 15% (25/166), 53,6% (89/166), 3,6% (06/166) e 1,8% (03/166) foram positivos por ELISA, RIFI, as duas PCRs e PA, respectivamente. O sequenciamento dos produtos amplificados da PCR ITS-1 foi 100% idêntico à Leishmania infantum. Após o inquérito, 12 gatos foram selecionados para compor dois grupos para análises de hematologia e bioquímica: 6 gatos positivos para L. infantum (G1) e 6 gatos Leishmania spp. negativos (G2). Todos os gatos foram negativos para o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o da leucemia felina (FeLV). Foi observada uma diminuição na contagem de plaquetas e uma hiperproteinemia e hipoalbuminemia significativas em gatos positivos (p<0,05). Esses resultados sugerem que, em áreas endêmicas, os gatos com sinais clínicos de leishmaniose felina (tais como lesões dermatológicas, perda de peso e/ou linfonodos aumentados), associados a alterações hematológicas e bioquímicas, como contagem reduzida de plaquetas e hiperproteinemia com hipoalbuminemia, devem ser testados para leishmaniose felina.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612023035

Avaliação de eficiência de universidades federais brasileiras: uma abordagem pela Análise Envoltória de Dados
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Gualandi Filho, Paulo Elias

; Sousa, Erivelto Fioresi de

; Carmo, Cintia Tavares do

; Gonçalves, Tiago José Menezes

Avaliação: Revista da Avaliação da Educação Superior (Campinas)

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2023, Volumen 28 elocation e023018

Resumen: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Abstract Higher education, in addition to playing a fundamental social role, has its performance intrinsically linked to the economic development of a country. The recent global crisis caused by the coronavirus pandemic has had a strong impact on the educational system, such as the 8.61% reduction in the public budget allocated to education in Brazil for the year 2021 when compared to 2020 figures. This fact further aggravated an already existing scenario of dismantling public education. The identification of inefficient institutions, with problems in the allocation of public resources, is presented as an alternative to start an improvement process for the development of the public sector. This article proposes to evaluate the efficiency of Brazilian federal universities, from 2017 to 2021, through the application of performance indicators defined by the Federal Court of Auditors for Higher Education Institutions in the DEA methodology with a focus on output indicators, establish a a of the evaluated units, and to determine the efficient and the inefficient ones. Through this study, it is possible to conjecture that the COVID-19 pandemic impacted the efficiency of Brazilian federal universities, which presented a reduction of 0.95% in its average between the years 2019 and 2021, in addition, another important perception is the performance of universities in the North region of the country, which has the best average efficiency coefficient among all regions.

Resumen La educación superior, además de desempeñar un papel social fundamental, está intrínsecamente ligada al desarrollo económico de un país. La reciente crisis mundial causada por la pandemia del coronavirus ha tenido un fuerte impacto en el sistema educativo, como se refleja en la reducción del 8,61% del presupuesto público para la educación en Brasil para el año 2021 en comparación con los valores de 2020. Este hecho ha agravado aún más un escenario ya existente de desmantelamiento de la educación pública. La identificación de instituciones ineficientes, con problemas en la asignación de recursos públicos, se presenta como una alternativa para iniciar un proceso de mejora del sector público. Este trabajo propone evaluar la eficiencia de las universidades federales brasileñas en el período de 2017 a 2021 a través de la aplicación de indicadores de desempeño definidos por el Tribunal de Cuentas de la Unión para las instituciones de enseñanza superior, utilizando la metodología DEA con enfoque en los indicadores de output, establecer una clasificación de las unidades evaluadas y determinar las eficientes e ineficientes. A través del estudio realizado, es posible conjeturar que la pandemia del COVID-19 ha impactado en la eficiencia de las universidades federales brasileñas, que han presentado una reducción del 0,95% en su promedio entre los años 2019 y 2021. Además, otra percepción importante es el desempeño de las universidades de la región Norte del país, que tienen el mejor coeficiente de eficiencia promedio entre todas las regiones.

Resumo A educação superior, além de desempenhar um fundamental papel social, tem seu desempenho intrinsecamente ligado ao desenvolvimento econômico de um país. A recente crise mundial provocada pela pandemia de coronavírus trouxe fortes impactos para o sistema educacional, como a redução de 8,61% do orçamento público destinado à educação no Brasil para o ano de 2021 quando comparado aos valores de 2020. Fato que agravou ainda mais um cenário já existente de desmantelamento da educação pública. A identificação de instituições ineficientes, com problemas de alocação de recursos públicos, se apresenta como alternativa de início de um processo de melhoria para o desenvolvimento do setor público. Este trabalho se propõe a avaliar a eficiência das universidades federais brasileiras, no período de 2017 a 2021, através da aplicação de indicadores de performance definidos pelo Tribunal de Contas da União para Instituições de Ensino Superior na metodologia DEA com foco nos indicadores de saída, além de estabelecer uma classificação das unidades avaliadas, e determinar as eficientes e as ineficientes. Através do estudo realizado, é possível conjecturar que a pandemia de COVID-19 impactou a eficiência das universidades federais brasileiras, pois estas apresentaram uma redução de 0,95% em sua média entre os anos de 2019 e 2021; além disso, outra percepção importante é o desempenho das universidades da região Norte do país, que possuem a melhor média de coeficiente de eficiência dentre todas as regiões.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1414-40772023000100028

Biogenic and physicogenic aggregates as indicators of quality in soils with sandy texture in areas of organic agriculture
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Silva, Tiago Paula da

; Morais, Igor de Sousa

; Santos, Gilsonley Lopes dos

; Zonta, Everaldo

; Pinto, Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues

; Fagundes, Hugo de Souza

; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2023, Volumen 47 elocation e0230007

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Sandy texture soils have a great expression in agricultural areas worldwide. In the Baixada Fluminense, soils with a sandy texture on the surface horizons are striking, and a good part of these areas is destined for producing vegetables using conventional cultivation methods. The sandy texture is one of the great challenges for agriculture due to the low water retention capacity provided to the soil, the rapid decomposition of organic matter, and the intense loss of nutrients by leaching. In these areas, the action of erosive processes is sometimes observed, whether water or wind erosion. The practices carried out in conventional agriculture can accentuate these processes. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of different soil management systems, with different vegetation covers, on the pathways of aggregate formation, the nutrient contents contained therein, and the organic matter fractions, with the objective of using these properties as indicators of soil quality. The study was carried out in an organic production unit, with no-till system (NT) and conventional system (CT), three vegetal covers were evaluated, namely; seed cocktail 1 (C1) (Crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea) (20 kg ha-1), Jack Bean (Canavalia ensiformis) (150 kg ha-1) and millet (Pennisetum glaucum) (60 kg ha-1)), and seed cocktail 2 (C2) (with 50 % of the amount of seeds used in C1), and spontaneous plants (S. P). Undisturbed samples were collected at the layers of 0.00-0.05 and 0.05-0.10 m, and, from these samples, aggregates with a diameter between 9.7 and 8.0 mm were classified according to the formation route (Biogenic or Physicogenic). From these, the chemical properties were quantified (pH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, P, Na+, K+), and also the carbon fractions (total organic carbon – TOC, mineral-associated organic carbon – MAOC), particulate organic carbon – POC, and free light fraction carbon – LFC). Based on the results, it was verified that the percentage of biogenic aggregates was higher than the physicogenic one in the layer of 0.00-0.05 m, not being verified influences of the vegetal coverage or the management system. Chemical properties did not differ significantly between training pathways. The CT, for the most part, was the system in which the highest values of chemical properties were observed, and in general, the C2 and S.P coatings were the ones that provided the greatest improvements for chemical properties and carbon content.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20230007

10.

Risk factors for death and illness severity in vaccinated versus unvaccinated COVID-2019 inpatients: a retrospective cohort study
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Costa, Guilherme Jorge

; Silva Junior, José Roberto da

; Silva, Caio Cesar Arruda da

; Lima, Tiago Pessoa Ferreira de

; Costa, Mariana Menezes

; Sousa, Marcos Henrique Oliveira

; Costa, Gabriela Carla dos Santos

; Costa Júnior, José Iran

; Sales, Mozart Júlio Tabosa

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2023, Volumen 49 Nº 4 elocation e20230145

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the clinical profile of COVID-19 inpatients who were vaccinated prior to hospitalization and to compare the risk factors for death and the 28-day survival rate of between those inpatients vaccinated with one, two, or three doses and unvaccinated COVID-19 inpatients. Methods: This was a retrospective observational cohort study involving COVID-19 patients admitted to a referral hospital in the city of Recife, Brazil, between July of 2020 and June of 2022. Results: The sample comprised 1,921 inpatients, 996 of whom (50.8%) were vaccinated prior to hospitalization. After adjusting the mortality risk for vaccinated patients, those undergoing invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) had the highest mortality risk (adjusted OR [aOR] = 7.4; 95% CI, 3.8-14.1; p < 0.001), followed by patients > 80 years of age (aOR = 7.3; 95% CI, 3.4-15.4; p < 0.001), and those needing vasopressors (aOR = 5.6; 95% CI, 2.9-10.9; p < 0.001). After adjusting the mortality risk for all patients, having received three vaccine doses (aOR = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.03-0.11; p < 0.001) was the most important protective factor against death. There were progressive benefits of vaccination, reducing the frequency of ICU admissions, use for IMV, and death (respectively, from 44.9%, 39.0% and 39.9% after the first dose to 16.7%, 6.2% and 4.4% after the third dose), as well as significant improvements in survival after each subsequent dose (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vaccines were effective in reducing illness severity and death in this cohort of COVID-19 inpatients, and the administration of additional doses conferred them with accumulative vaccine protection.

RESUMO Objetivo: Traçar o perfil clínico de pacientes internados com COVID-19 que haviam sido vacinados antes da hospitalização e comparar os fatores de risco para óbito e a taxa de sobrevida em 28 dias entre esses internados vacinados com uma, duas ou três doses e pacientes internados com COVID-19 não vacinados. Métodos: Estudo de coorte observacional retrospectivo envolvendo pacientes com COVID-19 internados em um hospital de referência na cidade do Recife (PE) entre julho de 2020 e junho de 2022. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 1.921 pacientes internados, dos quais 996 (50,8%) haviam sido vacinados antes da hospitalização. Após ajuste do risco de mortalidade para os pacientes vacinados, aqueles submetidos à ventilação mecânica invasiva (VMI) apresentaram o maior risco de mortalidade (OR ajustada [ORa] = 7,4; IC95%: 3,8-14,1; p < 0,001), seguidos pelos pacientes > 80 anos (ORa = 7,3; IC95%: 3,4-15,4; p < 0,001) e aqueles que necessitam de vasopressores (ORa = 5,6; IC95%: 2,9-10,9; p < 0,001). Após ajuste do risco de mortalidade para todos os pacientes, o recebimento de três doses de vacina (ORa = 0,06; IC95%: 0,03-0,11; p < 0,001) foi o fator de proteção mais importante contra o óbito. Houve benefícios progressivos da vacinação, com redução da frequência de internações em UTI, de uso de VMI e de óbitos (de 44,9%, 39,0% e 39,9% após a primeira dose para 16,7%, 6,2% e 4,4% após a terceira dose, respectivamente), bem como melhora significativa na sobrevida após cada dose subsequente (p < 0,001). Conclusões: As vacinas foram efetivas na redução da gravidade da doença e dos óbitos nesta coorte de pacientes internados com COVID-19, e a aplicação de doses adicionais conferiu-lhes proteção vacinal cumulativa.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20230145

11.

ATR-FTIR AND UV-VIS AS TECHNIQUES FOR METHANOL ANALYSIS IN BIODIESEL-WASHING WASTEWATER
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Santos, Tiago Gomes dos

; Silva, Rúben Santana Ramos da

; Costa, Fabioney Garcia da

; Sousa, Demétrio de Abreu

Química Nova

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2023, Volumen 46 Nº 7 Paginas 698 - 705

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Methanol present in wastewater from the biodiesel industry can become an atmospheric pollutant and an environmental liability of effluents. This article proposes the development and performance evaluation of two spectroscopic methods, ATR-FTIR and UV-Vis, to identify and quantify methanol in aqueous media. The results of both ways exhibited remarkable linear detection, with a coefficient of determination (r2) > 0.99, wide working range, and relative standard deviation (RSD) < 12%. In the ATR-FTIR method, the detection and quantification limits were 0.064 and 0.128% m V-1, respectively. The UV-Vis method presented lower limits (0.005 and 0.008% m V-1, respectively). Finally, the methods were successfully applied to quickly and sensitively quantify the methanol present in wastewater from biodiesel-washing in a wide concentration range of 0.008-0.641% m V-1. Therefore, we evidenced the feasibility of spectroscopic methods in quality control for identifying and quantifying methanol in aqueous solution, with potential for application in biodiesel production industries and research laboratories. Mainly by ATR-FTIR, in the region of 1300-900 cm-1, as it proved to be more environmentally friendly, faster, and cheaper than the GC-FID method.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20230041

12.

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volumen 67 Nº 4 elocation e20230051

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

13.

AUTOECOLOGY, DIVERSITY, AND INTERNAL GENETIC STRUCTURE OF Ocotea porosa (NEES & MART.) BARROSO: SUBSIDIES FOR SEED COLLECTION
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Rodrigues, Igor de Carvalho Aguiar

; Scussel, Giulia Fabrin

; Bernardi, Alison

; Thalmayr, Peggy

; Ferreira, Juliana Machado

; Silva, Ana Kelly de Sousa

; Mantovani, Adelar

; Reis, Maurício Sedrez dos

; Montagna, Tiago

Revista Árvore

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2023, Volumen 47 elocation e4730

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Ecological restoration mitigates the negative effects of fragmentation and habitat loss. This practice allows the conservation of key species, such as Ocotea porosa, a tree native to the Araucaria Forest and extremely endangered. A key point in restoration projects is the source of seeds, as well as guidelines for collection. When carried out under technical criteria, the collection allows the maintenance of genetic diversity and adaptive potential in restoration plantations. Given the importance of seed source, genetic diversity, and adaptive potential, this study aimed to define areas and criteria for collecting seeds by characterizing the demography, genetics, and reproductive phenology of an O. porosa population. A plot of 16 hectares was installed in the municipality of Passos Maia, Santa Catarina, Brazil, and a demographic survey of trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) > 15 cm was carried out. Indices of diversity and internal genetic structure (IGS) were estimated using allozyme markers. The reproductive phenology of 67 individuals was evaluated during 8 months. The studied population showed a high density of individuals (10.7 ind. ha-1) with normal diametric distribution. The phenological pattern of the species is regular, seasonal, and annual. The evaluated population showed high genetic diversity, high fixation index, and significant IGS up to 80 meters away. Based on these results, the evaluated fragment can be used as a seed collection area. It has high genetic diversity, density, and area size sufficient to contain several demes. In addition, it is highly recommended that the matrices be at least 80 meters apart to avoid the effects of significant IGS.

RESUMO A restauração ecológica é uma forma de mitigar os efeitos negativos da fragmentação e perda de habitat. Essa prática permite a conservação de espécies-chave, como Ocotea porosa, uma árvore nativa da Floresta com Araucária e extremamente ameaçada de extinção. Um ponto fundamental em projetos de restauração é a fonte de sementes bem como as diretrizes para a coleta. Quando realizada sob critérios técnicos, a coleta permite a manutenção da diversidade genética e potencial adaptativo nos plantios de restauração. Diante do exposto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi caracterizar aspectos da demografia, genética e fenologia reprodutiva de uma população de O. porosa, visando gerar informações para definição de áreas e critérios para a coleta de sementes. Foi instalada uma parcela de 16 hectares no munícipio de Passos Maia, Santa Catarina e realizado levantamento demográfico de árvores com Diâmetro à Altura do Peito (DAP) > 15 cm. Foram estimados índices de diversidade e de estrutura genética interna (EGI), utilizando-se marcadores isoenzimáticos. A fenologia reprodutiva de 67 indivíduos foi avaliada durante 8 meses. O fragmento estudado apresentou uma alta densidade de indivíduos (10,7 ind. ha-1), com uma distribuição diamétrica similar a normal. O padrão fenológico da espécie é sazonal regular e anual. A população avaliada apresentou uma alta diversidade genética, elevado índice de fixação, além de uma EGI significativa até 80 metros de distância. Conclui-se que o fragmento avaliado pode ser utilizado como área de coleta de sementes. O mesmo possui alta diversidade genética, densidade e tamanho de área suficiente para conter várias demes. Além disso, é altamente recomendado que as matrizes tenham no mínimo 80 metros de distância entre si, evitando os efeitos da EGI significativa.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-908820230000030

14.

Association of serum lipoproteins and inflammatory parameters derived from the blood test with renal function in COVID-19 outpatients
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Viana, Glautemberg de Almeida

; Costa, Mac Dionys Rodrigues da

; Silva, Mateus Edson da

; Silva, Victória da Costa

; Ali, Arif

; Siqueira, Erlânia Alves de

; Alves, Renata de Sousa

; Martins, Alice Maria Costa

; Menezes, Ramon Róseo Paula Pessoa Bezerra de

; Queiroz, Maria Goretti Rodrigues de

; Sampaio, Tiago Lima

Brazilian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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2023, Volumen 59 elocation e23293

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Changes in lipoprotein metabolism are among the main causes of hemodynamic impairment in renal function. COVID-19 is an multisystemic inflammatory disease, aggravating this situation. This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship of serum lipoprotein profile with inflammatory parameters and renal function in 95 COVID-19 outpatients in comparison with 173 with flu-like symptoms. Serum samples were collected for the determination of total cholesterol and fractions, apolipoproteins (Apo A-I and Apo B), urea (sUr) and creatinine (sCr). The glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated. Neutrophil/lymphocyte (NLR) and platelet/lymphocyte (PLR) ratios were calculated as inflammatory parameters derived from the blood tests. COVID-19 patients presented lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) (47.90 ± 1.543 vs. 51.40 ± 0.992) and higher PLR (190.9 ± 9.410 vs. 137.6 ± 5.534) and NLR (3.40 ± 0.22 vs. 2.80 ± 0.15). Both NLR and PLR correlated with each other (r = 0.639). Furthermore, the Apo B/Apo A-I ratio was correlated with PLR (r = 0.5818) and eGFR (r = -0.2630). COVID-19 patients classified as at high risk of developing acute myocardial infarction based on the Apo B/ Apo A-I ratio had higher values for sUr/sCr. Thus, serum apolipoproteins, PLR, and NLR could be related to renal dysfunction in COVID-19.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s2175-97902023e23293

15.

Canine atopic dermatitis: systemic immunomodulatory protocol based on clinical phenotype dermatitis
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Ferreira, Tiago Cunha

; Cunha, Marina Gabriela Monteiro Carvalho Mori da

; Nunes-Pinheiro, Diana Célia Sousa

Ciência Rural

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2023, Volumen 53 Nº 8 elocation e20220068

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: A dermatite atópica canina (DAC) é uma doença alérgica multifatorial associada à disfunção imune e barreira cutânea anormal. Vários mediadores imunológicos desempenham um papel na sua patogênese. Tais moléculas são produzidas pela ativação de linfócitos T auxiliares (Th) por meio da polarização para Th1 e/ou Th2, o que contribui para diferentes padrões de lesão. Lesões agudas são mediadas pela ativação do eixo de citocinas Th2, que clinicamente induz eritema e prurido. Por outro lado, nas lesões crônicas ocorre uma resposta imune mista de citocinas Th1/Th2, levando à pele hiperpigmentada e liquenificada. O entendimento clínico desses padrões e o modo de ação dos imunomoduladores são cruciais para o melhor manejo clínico do paciente atópico. Esta revisão visa discutir o papel da resposta imune e das drogas imunomoduladoras em cães com dermatite atópica e sugerir um protocolo terapêutico baseado no fenótipo clínico. Baseado nas evidências apresentadas nessa revisão, é considerado apropriado utilizar drogas imunomoduladoras que abrangem o espectro de citocinas relacionadas ao fenótipo clínico da DAC. RESUMO DAC (DAC anormal patogênese Th (Th eou ou Th2 lesão prurido lado Th1Th2 ThTh Th1/Th2 liquenificada atópico Th1Th Th1/Th

ABSTRACT: Canine atopic dermatitis (cAD) is a multifactorial allergic disease associated with immune dysfunction and abnormal skin barrier. Several immunological mediators play a role in its pathogenesis. Such molecules are produced by the activation of T helper lymphocytes (Th) through polarization to Th1 and/or Th2, which contributes to different lesion patterns. Acute lesions are mediated by an activation of the Th2 cytokine axis, which clinically induces erythema and pruritus. Conversely, in chronic injuries a mixed immune response of Th1/Th2 cytokines occurs, leading to hyperpigmented and lichenified skin. The clinical understanding of these patterns and the mode of action of immunomodulators are crucial for the best clinical management of the atopic patient. In this context, this review discussed the role of the immune response and the immunomodulatory drugs in dogs with atopic dermatitis and suggested a therapeutic protocol based on clinical phenotype. Based on the evidences showed in this review, it is considered appropriate to use immunomodulatory drugs that target cytokine spectrum related with the clinical phenotype of cAD. ABSTRACT cAD (cAD barrier pathogenesis Th (Th andor or axis pruritus Conversely Th1Th2 ThTh Th1/Th occurs patient context Th1Th

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20220068

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