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ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

The use of Enzymes in Meat Quail Diets Containing Sunflower Seed Cake
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CORDEIRO, CARLA N.

; FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; NEPOMUCENO, RAFAEL C.

; PINHEIRO, SARAH G.

; SOUZA, DAVYD H.

; SANTOS, EDIBERGUE O.

; MELO, MARCELLE C.A. DE

; SILVA, ANNA KAYLLYNY O.

; NASCIMENTO, GERMANO A.J. DO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volumen 94 Nº 4 elocation e20200138

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract We examined the effects of including sunflower cake (SC) associated with an enzyme complex (EC) in the diet of meat quails on nutrient metabolism, performance, carcass characteristics, bone parameters and economic viability. In total, 432 meat quails (7 to 42 days old) were assigned to six treatments in a completely randomised design with 6 replicates with 12 birds each. A 2 × 3 factorial arrangement was adopted (two levels of SC: 10 and 20%; three diet formulation strategies: normal, reduction in the nutrient and energy matrix considering the enzymatic contribution and reduced diet with EC). No interaction effect was observed. The increased levels of SC from 10% to 20% promoted in decrease in the metabolisability coefficients of dry matter and gross energy and in the value of AMEn and increased relative weight of gizzard. The addition of EC in diets containing SC allows a better metabolization of nitrogen and energy, equalize to the normal diet. The best breast yield was obtained in the birds fed the reduced diet with EC, in relation to normal diet. The reduced diet and the reduced diet with EC provided the lowest cost of food and the best economic efficiency index. Up to 20% of the sunflower cake can be included in the diet of cut quail, with or without enzyme supplementation. However, the use of the enzyme complex composed of carbohydrases, proteases and phytase can favor the metabolization of nitrogen and energy from the diet containing sunflower cake.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200138

Treatment with zolpidem after ethanol administration potentiates the expression of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in mice
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Brandão, N.R.N.

; Libarino-Santos, M.

; Marinho, E.A.V.

; Oliveira, T.S.

; Borges, A.L.N.

; Oliveira, A.P.

; Oliveira-Campos, D.

; Azevedo-Souza, N.

; Santos, V.F.L.

; Berro, L.F.

; Oliveira-Lima, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2020, Volumen 53 Nº 8 elocation e10034

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Contradictory findings suggest that the behavioral and abuse-related effects of ethanol are mediated by its action at α1 subunit-containing GABAA (α1GABAA) receptors. In the present study, we investigated the effects of a sub-chronic post-ethanol administration treatment with zolpidem, an α1-preferring positive allosteric modulator at GABAA receptors, on the subsequent expression of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization in mice. Animals received ethanol (1.8 g/kg, ip) or saline treatments every other day for 15 days (8 treatment sessions) and were subsequently treated with zolpidem (0.5 mg/kg, ip) or vehicle 4 times on alternate days. At the end of the treatment phase, animals were challenged with saline or ethanol on separate days for the evaluation of the expression of conditioned locomotion and behavioral sensitization. Eight-day treatment with ethanol did not lead to the development of ethanol-induced behavioral sensitization. Animals treated with ethanol and subsequently administered vehicle showed similar locomotion frequencies during the last ethanol challenge compared to the control group receiving ethanol for the first time. Animals treated with ethanol and subsequently administered zolpidem expressed behavioral sensitization to ethanol during the ethanol challenge. The present study adds to the literature by providing further evidence of a role of α1GABAA receptors on the behavioral effects of ethanol. Because of the current highly prevalent co-abuse of ethanol and benzodiazepine drugs in humans, the use of zolpidem and other α1GABAA receptor ligands during ethanol withdrawal should be monitored carefully.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x202010034 660 descargas

Contribution of lung function in predicting distance covered in the 6-min walk test in obese Brazilian women
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Luchesa, C.A.

; Mafort, T.T.

; Silva, R.R.

; Paro, I.C.

; Souza, F.M.

; Lopes, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2020, Volumen 53 Nº 12 elocation e10279

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Obesity affects the respiratory system through various mechanisms, including systemic inflammation and direct mechanical hindrance due to fat deposition in the chest and abdomen. In addition, changes in the neural control of respiration and increases in thoracic blood volume can promote abnormalities in lung function. Thus, determining relationships between the distance covered in the 6-min walk test (6MWT) and demographic and lung function variables may help us better understand the mechanisms involved in reduced functional exercise capacity in obesity. To explore the determinants of the 6-min walking distance (6MWD) and evaluate the influence of lung function on the distance covered, 263 obese Brazilian women performed the 6MWT and underwent spirometry and respiratory muscle strength measurement. The mean age was 41.8±11.1 years. The mean body mass index (BMI) was 45±8 kg/m2. The 6MWD showed correlations with height (r=0.319), age (r=-0.281), weight (r=-0.370), BMI (r=-0.561), forced vital capacity (FVC, r=0.443), expiratory peak flow (r=0.278), maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP, r=0.326), and maximal expiratory pressure (r=0.259), all with P<0.0001. In the stepwise forward regression analysis, BMI, FVC, age, and MIP were the independent predictive variables for 6MWD, explaining 41% of its variability. The reference equation including lung function was as follows: 6MWD (m) = 513.6 - (4.439 × BMIkg/m2) + (1.136 × FVC%predicted) - (1.048 × ageyrs) + (0.544 × MIP%predicted). Thus, the inclusion of lung function in a reference equation for 6MWD contributes to a better prediction of the distance covered in this population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x202010279 714 descargas

Peritonite piogranulomatosa por Nocardia concava em cão - relato de caso
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Trevisan, Y.P.A.

; Maruyama, F.H.

; Sonego, D.A.

; Souza, R.L.

; Almeida, A.B.P.F.

; Dutra, V.

; Nakazato, L.

; Colodel, E.M.

; Néspoli, P.B.

; Campos, C.G.

; Mendonça, A.J.

; Sousa, V.R.F.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Oct 2019, Volumen 71 Nº 5 Paginas 1518 - 1524

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Nocardiose é causada por bactérias do gênero Nocardia do subgrupo Actinomycetos, que são Gram-positivas aeróbicas, filamentosas e podem apresentar ramificações. O diagnóstico baseia-se na presença de lesão inflamatória, com o microrganismo morfologicamente compatível, associada ao isolamento e à identificação microbiológica e molecular. Este trabalho tem por objetivo relatar um caso de nocardiose em canino, que desenvolveu inflamação piogranulomatosa peritoneal seis meses após ovariossalpingo-histerectomia. O animal apresentava hipertermia, distensão abdominal, taquipneia, polidipsia, hiporexia, mucosas hipocoradas e fezes pastosas. Os achados laboratoriais evidenciaram anemia leve e leucocitose por neutrofilia com desvio à esquerda e hipoalbuminemia. Uma massa na região mesogástrica e efusão peritoneal foram evidenciadas por meio da ultrassonografia abdominal. O líquido foi classificado como exsudato piogranulomatoso, e o animal submetido à laparotomia exploratória para lavagem abdominal e remoção da massa. Após procedimentos terapêuticos, ocorreu piora clínica e óbito. Peritonite piogranulomatosa foi a principal alteração anatomopatológica a qual foi associada à Nocardia spp. Molecularmente, a espécie isolada se aproxima da N. concava, por meio da análise filogenética. Essa espécie já foi descrita como causa de infecção em humanos na Ásia, no entanto não há registros na literatura na espécie canina, sendo este o primeiro relato.

ABSTRACT Nocardiosis is caused by an aerobic, gram-positive, ramificated and filamentous bacteria of the Nocardia genus, subgroup Actinomycetos. The diagnosis is based on the presence of the inflammatory lesions with the morphologically compatible microorganism associated with microbiological and molecular isolation and identification. The objective of this work is to report a case of nocardiosis in a canine that developed peritoneal pyogranulomatous inflammation six months after ovariosalpingohisterectomy. The animal had hyperthermia, abdominal distention, tachypnea, polydipsia, hyporexia, hypocorous mucosae and pasty feces. The laboratory findings revealed mild anemia and leukocytosis due to neutrophilia with left deviation and hypoalbuminemia. A mass in the mesogastric region and peritoneal effusion were evidenced by abdominal ultrasonography. The fluid was classified as pyogranulomatous exudate and the animal underwent exploratory laparotomy for abdominal lavage and mass removal. Despite the therapeutic procedures and clinical alterations the dog died. Piogranulomatous peritonitis was the main anatomopathological alteration which was associated with Nocardia spp. Molecularly, the isolated species approaches the N. concava species through phylogenetic analysis. This specie was described as a cause of infection in humans in Asia; however, there are no records in literature on the canine species, being this the first report.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-10467 1072 descargas

Where do we aspire to publish? A position paper on scientific communication in biochemistry and molecular biology
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Baptista, M.S.

; Alves, M.J.M.

; Arantes, G.M.

; Armelin, H.A.

; Augusto, O.

; Baldini, R.L.

; Basseres, D.S.

; Bechara, E.J.H.

; Bruni-Cardoso, A.

; Chaimovich, H.

; Colepicolo Neto, P.

; Colli, W.

; Cuccovia, I.M.

; Da-Silva, A.M.

; Di Mascio, P.

; Farah, S.C.

; Ferreira, C.

; Forti, F.L.

; Giordano, R.J.

; Gomes, S.L.

; Gueiros Filho, F.J.

; Hoch, N.C.

; Hotta, C.T.

; Labriola, L.

; Lameu, C.

; Machini, M.T.

; Malnic, B.

; Marana, S.R.

; Medeiros, M.H.G.

; Meotti, F.C.

; Miyamoto, S.

; Oliveira, C.C.

; Souza-Pinto, N.C.

; Reis, E.M.

; Ronsein, G.E.

; Salinas, R.K.

; Schechtman, D.

; Schreier, S.

; Setubal, J.C.

; Sogayar, M.C.

; Souza, G.M.

; Terra, W.R.

; Truzzi, D.R.

; Ulrich, H.

; Verjovski-Almeida, S.

; Winck, F.V.

; Zingales, B.

; Kowaltowski, A.J.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2019, Volumen 52 Nº 9 elocation e8935

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The scientific publication landscape is changing quickly, with an enormous increase in options and models. Articles can be published in a complex variety of journals that differ in their presentation format (online-only or in-print), editorial organizations that maintain them (commercial and/or society-based), editorial handling (academic or professional editors), editorial board composition (academic or professional), payment options to cover editorial costs (open access or pay-to-read), indexation, visibility, branding, and other aspects. Additionally, online submissions of non-revised versions of manuscripts prior to seeking publication in a peer-reviewed journal (a practice known as pre-printing) are a growing trend in biological sciences. In this changing landscape, researchers in biochemistry and molecular biology must re-think their priorities in terms of scientific output dissemination. The evaluation processes and institutional funding for scientific publications should also be revised accordingly. This article presents the results of discussions within the Department of Biochemistry, University of São Paulo, on this subject.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20198935 1769 descargas

Comparação entre três métodos analíticos para determinação de soro em leite cru refrigerado
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Souza, C.M.

; Nicolau, E.S.

; Lage, M.E.

; Mesquita, A.J.

; Coelho, K.O.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Mar 2018, Volumen 70 Nº 2 Paginas 606 - 614

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O objetivo deste experimento foi comparar três métodos analíticos para determinação de soro em leite cru refrigerado: cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, ninidrina ácida e colorimétrico adaptado. Foram coletadas 100 amostras de leite cru refrigerado de tanques de expansão. Estas, quando submetidas à análise pelo método da ninidrina ácida, apresentaram 10 (14,7%) amostras negativas e 58 (85,3%) positivas. O teor médio de ácido siálico encontrado na técnica da ninidrina foi de 5,58(g/mL, com valor mais frequente de 2,70(g/mL. Das 68 amostras negativas pela cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência, duas foram positivas (2,94%) e 66 (97,06%) negativas, quando analisadas pelo método colorimétrico. A frequência relativa de amostras positivas foi de 32%, com a CLAE apresentando a maior média de soro (14,37%), seguida do método colorimétrico (5,28%) e o da ninidrina ácida (3,12%). A técnica de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência diferiu dos métodos de ninidrina ácida e colorimétrico, enquanto os métodos da ninidrina e colorimétrico não diferiram entre si, podendo ambos serem utilizados como metodologias de triagem. Entre as três técnicas, a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência foi a metodologia mais sensível na detecção e quantificação do soro em leite cru refrigerado.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to compare three analytical methods to determine serum in refrigerated raw milk. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), acidic and colorimetric ninhydrin methods were applied. A collection of 100 samples of raw milk from cooled expansion tanks took place. The results showed that 10 samples (14.7%) were negative and 58 (85.3%) were positive for the acidic ninhydrin method. The mean sialic acid content found in the ninhydrin technique was 5.58μg/mL, with a more frequent value of 2.70μg/mL. From all 68 HPLC negative samples, two were positive (2.94%) and 66 (97.06%) negative to the colorimetric method. The relative frequency of positive samples was 32%, HPLC had the highest mean serum levels (14.37%), followed by the colorimetric method (5.28%) and acid ninhydrin (3.12%). The high-performance liquid chromatography method was different from the acid and colorimetric ninhydrin methods. The ninhydrin and colorimetric methods were not different from each other, both of which could be used as screening methodologies. Among the three techniques, HPLC was the most sensitive methodology for the detection and quantification of serum in refrigerated raw milk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-9342 2677 descargas

Identification of a novel UMOD mutation (c.163G>A) in a Brazilian family with autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease
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Lopes, L.B.

; Abreu, C.C.

; Souza, C.F.

; Guimaraes, L.E.R.

; Silva, A.A.

; Aguiar-Alves, F.

; Kidd, K.O.

; Kmoch, S.

; Bleyer, A.J.

; Almeida, J.R.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2018, Volumen 51 Nº 3 elocation e6560

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Autosomal dominant tubulointerstitial kidney disease (ADTKD) is characterized by autosomal dominant inheritance, progressive chronic kidney disease, and a bland urinary sediment. ADTKD is most commonly caused by mutations in the UMOD gene encoding uromodulin (ADTKD-UMOD). We herein report the first confirmed case of a multi-generational Brazilian family with ADTKD-UMOD, caused by a novel heterozygous mutation (c.163G>A, GGC→AGC, p.Gly55Ser) in the UMOD gene. Of 41 family members, 22 underwent genetic analysis, with 11 individuals found to have this mutation. Three affected individuals underwent hemodialysis, one peritoneal dialysis, and one patient received a kidney transplant from a family member later found to be genetically affected. Several younger individuals affected with the mutation were also identified. Clinical characteristics included a bland urinary sediment in all tested individuals and a kidney biopsy in one individual showing tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Unlike most other reported families with ADTKD-UMOD, neither gout nor hyperuricemia was found in affected individuals. In summary, we report a novel UMOD mutation in a Brazilian family with 11 affected members, and we discuss the importance of performing genetic testing in families with inherited kidney disease of unknown cause.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20176560 1116 descargas

In vitro antiparasitic activity and chemical composition of the essential oil from Protium ovatum leaves (Burceraceae)
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ESTEVAM, ELISÂNGELA B.B.

; DEUS, ISABELLA P.B. DE

; SILVA, VANESSA P. DA

; SILVA, ELIZABETH A.J. DA

; ALVES, CASSIA C.F.

; ALVES, JOSÉ MILTON

; CAZAL, CRISTIANE M.

; MAGALHÃES, LIZANDRA G.

; PAGOTTI, MARIANA C.

; ESPERANDIM, VIVIANE R.

; SOUZA, ALEX F.

; MIRANDA, MAYKER L.D.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Dic 2017, Volumen 89 Nº 4 Paginas 3005 - 3013

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Leishmaniasis and trypanosomiasis are globally widespread parasitic diseases which have been responsible for high mortality rates. Since drugs available for their treatment are highly hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic and cardiotoxic, adherence to therapy has been affected. Thus, the search for new, more effective and safer drugs for the treatment of these diseases is necessary. Natural products have stood out as an alternative to searching for new bioactive molecules with therapeutic potential. In this study, the chemical composition and antiparasitic activity of the essential oil from Protium ovatum leaves against trypomastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi and the promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis were evaluated. The essential oil was promising against trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi (IC50= 28.55 μg.mL-1) and L. amazonensis promastigotes (IC50 = 2.28 μg.mL-1). Eighteen chemical constituents were identified by Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) in the essential oil, whose major constituents were spathulenol (17.6 %), caryophyllene oxide (16.4 %), β-caryophyllene (14.0 %) and myrcene (8.4 %). In addition, the essential oil from P. ovatum leaves had moderate cytotoxicity against LLCMK2 adherent epithelial cell at the concentration range under analysis (CC50 = 150.9 μg.mL-1). It should be highlighted that this is the first report of the chemical composition and anti-Trypanosoma cruzi and anti-Leishmania amazonensis activities of the essential oil from Protium ovatum leaves.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720170310 1468 descargas

10.

PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF WEEDS IN ERECT PROSTRATE COWPEA CULTIVARS
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BATISTA, P.S.C.

; OLIVEIRA, V.S.

; SOUZA, V.B.

; CARVALHO, A.J.

; ASPIAZÚ, I.

Planta Daninha

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2017, Volumen 35 elocation e017160273

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se com este trabalho caracterizar a fitossociologia de plantas daninhas em alguns das principais cultivares de feijão-caupi do Brasil, de porte ereto e prostrado, nas condições de cultivo do Norte de Minas Gerais. O ensaio foi conduzido em Janaúba, MG. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco cultivares de porte ereto (BRS Guariba, BRS Tumucumaque, BRS Novaera, BRS Itaim e BRS Cauamé) e quatro de porte prostrado (BRS Marataoã, BRS Pajeú, BRS Pujante e BRS Xiquexique). As parcelas foram compostas por quatro fileiras de cinco metros, espaçadas de 0,5 m entre si, para os cultivares de porte ereto, e de 1,0 m, para os cultivares de porte prostrado. A amostragem das plantas daninhas foi realizada aos 50 dias após a semeadura, pelo método-padrão do quadrado inventário. As espécies foram identificadas e quantificadas e, em seguida, secas em estufa a 65 ºC por 72 horas e pesadas. Avaliaram-se as frequências, densidades e abundâncias, absolutas e relativas, o índice de valor de importância (IVI) e o índice de similaridade. Nos cultivares de porte ereto, destacaram-se as famílias Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae e Convolvulaceae com maiores IVI. Nos cultivares de porte prostrado, destacaram-se as famílias Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae e Malvaceae. Portulaca oleracea e Amaranthus spp. foram as espécies com maior IVI. O índice de similaridade entre os cultivares de porte ereto e prostrado foi de 72%, sendo que nove das 16 famílias ocorreram em cultivares dos dois portes. Os cultivares BRS Tumucumaque, de porte ereto, e BRS Pujante, de porte prostrado, apresentaram menor infestação de plantas daninhas.

ABSTRACT The goal of this study is to characterize the weed phytosociology in some major erect and prostrate cowpea cultivars in Brazil, in the Northern growing conditions of Minas Gerais state. The test was conducted in Janaúba, Minas Gerais state. The treatments consisted in five erect cultivars (BRS Guariba, BRS Tumucumaque, BRS Novaera, BRS Itaim and BRS Cauamé) and four prostrate ones (BRS Marataoã, BRS Pajeú, BRS Pujante and BRS Xiquexique). The plots were composed of four five meter rows, spaced 0.5 m apart, for erect cultivars and 1.0 m for the prostrated ones. Weed sampling was performed 50 days after sowing by standard Square Method. The species were identified and quantified, and then dried at 65 oC for 72 hours and weighed. The frequency, absolute and relative density and abundance, the importance value index (IVI) and the similarity index were evaluated. In the erect cultivars, the Amaranthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae and Convolvulaceae families stood out with higher IVI’s. In prostrate cultivars, the Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae and Malvaceae families stood out. Portulaca oleracea and Amaranthus spp. were the species with the highest IVI. The similarity index between erect and prostrate cultivars was 72%; nine of the 16 families occurred in both cultivars. BRS Tumucumaque, erect, and BRS Pujante, prostrate had lower weed infestation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0100-83582017350100031 1370 descargas

11.

Effect of Syzygium cumini leaves on laying hens performance and egg quality
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FREITAS, EDNARDO R.

; FERNANDES, DANILO R.

; SOUZA, DAVYD H.

; DANTAS, FRANCISCO D.T.

; SANTOS, REBECA C.

; OLIVEIRA, GILSON B.

; CRUZ, CARLOS EDUARDO B.

; BRAZ, NÁDIA M.

; CÂMARA, LORENA F.

; NASCIMENTO, GERMANO A.J.

; WATANABE, PEDRO H.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2017, Volumen 89 Nº 3 Paginas 2479 - 2484

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Syzygium cumini leaves (SCL) in laying hens diets on productive performance, egg quality and lipid oxidation of yolk. A total of 108 Hysex White laying hens were distributed in a completely randomized design with three treatments and six replicates of six birds each. The treatments consisted of SCL inclusion at dietary levels of 0, 5 and 10 g/kg. There was no significant effect of SCL inclusion on feed intake, laying percentage, weight and egg mass, feed conversion ratio, Haugh units, specific gravity, percentage of yolk, albumen and egg shells and shell thickness. However, the inclusion of SCL significantly influenced the yolk color and yolk lipid oxidation measured by TBARS values. Yolk color increased and TBARS values decreased with the inclusion of SCL. The inclusion of SCL in laying hens diets improves pigmentation and lipid stability of yolk.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201720150317 1417 descargas

12.

Effect of osmopriming on germination and initial growth of Physalis angulata L. under salt stress and on expression of associated genes
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SOUZA, MANUELA O. DE

; PELACANI, CLAUDINÉIA R.

; WILLEMS, LEO A.J.

; CASTRO, RENATO D. DE

; HILHORST, HENK W.M.

; LIGTERINK, WILCO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2016, Volumen 88 Paginas 503 - 516

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do osmocondicionamento na germinação de sementes submetidas ao estresse salino e expressão gênica em sementes e plântulas de P. angulata. Após serem osmocondicionadas por 10 dias, a germinação foi testada em bandejas plásticas contendo 15 ml de água (0 dS m-1 - controle) ou 15 ml de solução de NaCl (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 e 16 dS m-1). Avaliou-se massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e raízes de plântulas a 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 dS m-1. O RNA total foi extraído de sementes e plântulas seguido de RT-qPCR. Os genes-alvo selecionados para este estudo foram: ascorbato peroxidase (APX), glutationa-S-transferase (GST), thioredoxina (TXN), proteína transportadora para o potássio 1 (HAK1) proteína altamente sensível ao sal 1 (SOS1). A uma eletrocondutividade de 14 dS m-1 as sementes osmocondicionadas apresentaram germinação de 72%, em contraste com as sementes não osmocondicionadas que não germinaram. A expressão relativa de APX foi maior em sementes osmocondicionadas, o que pode ter contribuído para a manutenção de uma alta taxa de germinação em concentrações salinas elevadas. GST e TXN apresentaram aumento nos níveis de transcritos na parte aérea e raízes de plântulas provenientes de sementes osmocondicionadas. O osmocondicionamento incrementou a germinação de sementes, bem como a tolerância à salinidade, o que está correlacionado com o aumento da expressão de APX em sementes e SOS1, GST e TXN em plântulas.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of priming on seed germination under salt stress and gene expression in seeds and seedlings of P. angulata L. After priming for 10 days, seed germination was tested in plastic trays containing 15 ml of water (0 dS m-1 - control) or 15 ml of NaCl solution (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 dS m-1). Fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of seedlings were evaluated at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 dS m-1. Total RNA was extracted from whole seeds and seedlings followed by RT-qPCR. The target genes selected for this study were: ascorbate peroxidase (APX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), thioredoxin (TXN), high affinity potassium transporter protein 1 (HAK1) and salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1). At an electroconductivity of 14 dS m-1 the primed seeds still germinated to 72%, in contrast with the non-primed seeds which did not germinate. The relative expression of APX was higher in primed seeds and this may have contributed to the maintenance of high germination in primed seeds at high salt concentrations. GST and TXN displayed increased transcript levels in shoots and roots of seedlings from primed seeds. Priming improved seed germination as well as salt tolerance and this is correlated with increased expression of APX in seeds and SOS1, GST and TXN in seedlings.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201620150043 3281 descargas

13.

Biostratigraphy and paleoecology of an unusual palynological record from the Aquidauana Formation, Late Pennsylvanian of Paraná Basin
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Souza, Paulo A.

; Perinotto, José A.J.

; Félix, Cristina M.

; Araújo, Bruno C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Jun 2015, Volumen 87 Nº 2 Paginas 611 - 622

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A Formação Aquidauana é uma unidade sedimentar permocarbonífera, estratigraficamente bem distribuída nas porções norte e noroeste da Bacia do Paraná. Entretanto, poucos dados palinológicos são disponíveis para esta formação, limitando interpretações bioestratigráficas e paleoecológicas acuradas. Uma abundante, diversificada e bem preservada assembleia de palinomorfos foi registrada a partir de uma amostragem de uma seção aflorante realizada no Distrito de Cipolândia, cidade de Aquidauana, Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Um total de 35 táxons de palinomorfos indígenas foi reconhecido, compreendendo seis espécies de esporos (relacionados a cinco gêneros), 28 espécies de grãos de pólen (14 gêneros) e 1 espécie de alga clorofícea. Grãos de pólen monossacados são excepcionalmente dominantes, representando 90,38% da associação, particularmente constituídos por espécies dos gêneros Cannanoropollis (30.41% do total da assembleia), Potonieisporites (28,14%) e Plicatipollenites (19,52%). Esta super representatividade quantitativa não é usual em depósitos do Gondwana, revelando uma dominância especial das Cordaitales no na flora terrestre. Estes resultados são interpretados como resultante de condições ecológicas caracterizadas por plantas que ocupavam terras altas, com independência de umidade na estratégia de reprodução, sob influência climática glacial. Certas espécies de grãos de pólen permitem posicionamento na Zona Crucisaccites monoletus (Pennsilvaniano tardio), a qual tem sido reconhecida somente na porção média do Grupo Itararé na margem nordeste da bacia.

The Aquidauana Formation is a Permo-Carboniferous sedimentary unit, widely stratigraphicaly distributed in the northwestern and northern portions of the Paraná Basin. However, little paleontological data is available from this formation, preventing accurate biostratigraphic and paleoecological interpretations. An abundant, diversified and well preserved assemblage of palynomorphs was recognized from sampling conducted in an outcrop section in Cipolândia District of Aquidauana Municipality, state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. A total of 35 indigenous palynomorph taxa was recognized, comprising 6 species of spores (related to 5 genera), 28 species of pollen grains (14 genera) and 1 species of chlorophycean algae. Monosaccate pollen grains are exceptionally dominant, representing 90.38% of the association, particularly constituted by species of the genera Cannanoropollis (30.41% of the total assemblage), Potonieisporites (28.14%) and Plicatipollenites (19.52%). This quantitative overrepresentation is not usual from Gondwana deposits, revealing a particular plant dominance of Cordaitales in the terrestrial flora. These results are interpreted as an upland ecology characterized by plants with a moisture-independent reproduction strategy, under a glacial climate influence. Certain species of pollen allow assignment of this assemblage to the Crucisaccites monoletus Zone (Late Pennsylvanian), which had been recognized only in the middle portion of the Itararé Group at the northeastern margin of the basin.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201520140427 4185 descargas

14.

Identification of Albizia lebbeck seed coat chitin-binding vicilins (7S globulins) with high toxicity to the larvae of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus
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Souza, A.J.

; Ferreira, A.T.S.

; Perales, J.

; Beghini, D.G.

; Fernandes, K.V.S.

; Xavier-Filho, J.

; Venancio, T.M.

; Oliveira, A.E.A.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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Feb 2012, Volumen 45 Nº 2 Paginas 118 - 124

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Seed coat is a specialized maternal tissue that interfaces the embryo and the external environment during embryogenesis, dormancy and germination. In addition, it is the first defensive barrier against penetration by pathogens and herbivores. Here we show that Albizia lebbeck seed coat dramatically compromises the oviposition, eclosion and development of the bruchid Callosobruchus maculatus. Dietary supplementation of bruchid larvae with A. lebbeck seed coat flour causes severe weight loss and reduces survival. By means of protein purification, mass spectrometry and bioinformatic analyses, we show that chitin-binding vicilins are the main source of A. lebbeck tegumental toxicity to C. maculatus. At concentrations as low as 0.1%, A. lebbeck vicilins reduce larval mass from 8.1 ± 1.7 (mass of control larvae) to 1.8 ± 0.5 mg, which corresponds to a decrease of 78%. Seed coat toxicity constitutes an efficient defense mechanism, hindering insect predation and preventing embryo damage. We hypothesize that A. lebbeck vicilins are good candidates for the genetic transformation of crop legumes to enhance resistance to bruchid predation.

2607 descargas

15.

Artes marciais, formação profissional e escolas de ofício: Análise documental do judô brasileiro
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Drigo, A.J.

; Souza Neto, S.

; Cesana, J.

; Tojal, J.B.A. Gomes

Motricidade

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Oct 2011, Volumen 7 Nº 4 Paginas 49 - 62

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a constituição das artes marciais no Brasil, em particular o judô, considerando a formação e capacitação do técnico desportivo para a modalidade. Trata-se de uma pesquisa documental, tendo como técnica para coleta de dados a fonte documental. Entre os resultados observou-se que as instituições representantes da modalidade judô, como CBJ, FPJ e LPJ mantêm estruturas semelhantes às escolas de ofício em detrimento de uma formação mais científica relacionada às ciências do desporto. Concluiu-se que o judô brasileiro distancia-se do modelo de formação acadêmica, mantendo-se atrelado às tradições do saber-fazer.

The aim of this research was to describe the process of professional education of judo coaches in Brazil. In order to do this, documental sources were used as means of data collection. Results showed that highly regarded institutions such as Confederação Brasileira de Judô, Federação Paulista de Judô, and Liga Paulista de Judô all support educational structures that resembles the apprenticeship system, that is, education which provide mostly employment-preparation skills for trained labour, in detriment of education on the application of scientific principles aiming at improving sporting performance. In conclusion, Brazilian judo seems to be kept away from the academic formation model and linked to the know how to do traditions.

7704 descargas Citado 3 veces en SciELO

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