ABSTRACT Objectives To evaluate the complete response (CR) rate and surgeries performed in patients with rectal adenocarcinoma who underwent neoadjuvant therapy (NT) at Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo and at Hospital São Paulo, in Ribeirão Preto, from January 2007 to December 2017. Methods We evaluated 166 medical records of patients with locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma (T3, T4 or N+) who underwent NT. The regimen consisted of performing conventional (2D) or conformational (three-dimensional-3D/ radiotherapy with modulated intensity – IMRT) at a dose of 45-50.4Gy associated with capecitabine 1650mg/m2 or 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and leucovorin (LV). The following variables were analyzed: gender, age, pretreatment stage, radiotherapy, CR index, local and distant recurrence rates. Surgical treatment and complications were also evaluated. Results The CR index was 28.3%. Patients treated with 3D/IMRT radiotherapy had a higher rate of CR (36.3% x 4.8%; p < 0.001), higher rates of clinical follow-up (21% x 0%; p < 0.001), lower surgery rates (79% x 100%; p < 0.001), higher rates of transanal resection (37.1% x 9.5%; p = 0.001), lower rates of abdominal rectosigmoidectomy (25.8% x 50%; p = 0.007) and lower rates of abdominoperineal resection of the rectum (16.1% x 40.5%; p = 0.002), when compared to patients treated with 2D radiotherapy. Conclusion Modern radiotherapy techniques such as 3D conformal and IMRT, by offering greater adequacy and precision of treatment, could result in better local control and less toxicity in organs at risk, enabling organ preservation strategies and less invasive approaches in selected cases.

Resumen En este trabajo se elaboraron películas comestibles (PCs) a base de quitosano (Q), agar (A) y tomillo (T), en cuatro diferentes formulaciones (Q, A, QA y QAT). A las PCs se les evaluaron propiedades mecánicas (tensión y elongación a la ruptura), propiedades estructurales (espectroscopía de infrarrojo por FTIR), propiedades térmicas (análisis termogravimétrico), propiedades de transporte (permeabilidad al vapor de agua) y análisis morfológico (microscopía electrónica de barrido). Las PCs de QA y QAT destacaron por su resistencia a la tensión, transparencia, velocidad de transmisión al vapor de agua y permeancia, así como la mayor capacidad antio-xidante. Se evaluó el efecto de la aplicación de los recubrimientos comestibles (RCs) de QA y QAT en la calidad de frutos de aguacate “Hass” durante 13 días de almacenamiento a 25 °C. Se evaluaron periódicamente en los frutos las variables de pérdida de peso, tasa de respiración, producción de etileno, apariencia visual y pudriciones. La aplicación de los RCs al fruto redujo su pérdida de peso y extendió su vida de anaquel. Los RCs les confirieron a los frutos una barrera al vapor de agua, reduciendo la pérdida de peso en 40%. Así mismo, se disminuyó la incidencia de pudriciones de los frutos.

Abstract In this work, edible films (PCs) based on chitosan (Q), agar (A) and thyme oil (T) were prepared in four different formulations (Q, A, QA and QAT), and their mechanical properties (tension and elongation at break) and water vapor permeability were evaluated. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also performed. The QA and QAT PCs stood out for their tensile strength, transparency, water vapor transmission rate and permeance, as well as the highest antioxidant activity. The effect of the application of the edible coatings (RCs) of QA and QAT on the quality of ‘Hass’ avocado fruit was evaluated during 13 d of storage at 25 °C. The following variables were evaluated periodically: weight loss, respiration rate, ethylene production, visual appearance, and rotting. The application of RCs to the fruit reduced their weight loss and extended their shelf life. The RCs gave the fruit a barrier to water vapor, reducing weight loss by 40 with respect to the control. In addition, the incidence of fruit rots was reduced.

Resumo A espécie Eugenia involucrata DC. é uma planta nativa do Brasil e tradicionalmente utilizada para problemas intestinais, porém, poucas pesquisas documentam sobre seu potencial biológico e perfil fitoquímico. Assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma prospecção fitoquímica preliminar, o potencial antimicrobiano e antioxidante dos extratos de E. involucrata. A partir das folhas de E. involucrata, foram obtidos extratos aquosos e orgânicos com os seguintes solventes (etanol, metanol, hexano, acetona, diclorometano e acetato de etila). A prospecção fitoquímica detectou a presença de saponinas, esteroides, flavonóides e taninos nos extratos. Os extratos etanólico e metanólico apresentaram atividade antimicrobiana para a maioria das cepas bacterianas testadas, assim como para a levedura Candida albicans, com concentrações entre 3,12 e 50 mg/mL. Os extratos etanólico e metanólico apresentaram alto potencial de sequestro de radicais livres (> 90%). O extrato metanólico apresentou IC50 estatisticamente igual ao encontrado para o antioxidante comercial BHT (p <0,05). Os extratos brutos obtidos com etanol e metanol foram os mais promissores. Esses resultados sugerem que os extratos metanólico, etanólico e aquoso são uma fonte promissora de bioativos naturais.

Abstract The species Eugenia involucrata DC. is a plant native to Brazil and is traditionally used for intestinal problems, however, little research has documented about its biological potential and phytochemical profile. Thus, the objective of this study was to carry out preliminary phytochemical prospecting, antimicrobial and antioxidant potential of E. involucrata extracts. Using the E. involucrata leaves, aqueous and organic extracts were obtained using the following solvents (ethanol, methanol, hexane, acetone, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate). The phytochemical prospecting detected the presence of saponins, steroids, flavonoids and tannins in the extracts. Ethanolic and methanolic extracts presented antimicrobial activity for most of the bacterial strains tested, as well as for yeast Candida albicans, with concentrations between 3.12 and 50 mg/mL. The ethanolic and metanolic extract presented high free radical sequestration potential (>90%). The methanol extract showed an IC50 value statistically equal to that found for the commercial antioxidant BHT (p <0.05). The crude extracts obtained with ethanol and methanol were the most promising. These results suggest that methanolic, ethanolic and aqueous extracts are a promising source of natural bioactive.

Resumo O vírus sincicial respiratório humano (hRSV) é a causa mais comum de doenças graves do trato respiratório inferior em crianças pequenas em todo o mundo, resultando em grande número de hospitalizações e gastos significativos para os sistemas de saúde. Neutrófilos são recrutados em massa para o tecido pulmonar de pacientes com doenças respiratórias agudas. No local da infecção, eles liberam armadilhas extracelulares de neutrófilos (NETs) que podem capturar e/ou inativar diferentes tipos de microrganismos, incluindo vírus. Evidências demonstraram que o acúmulo de NETs resulta em efeitos citotóxicos diretos nas células endoteliais e epiteliais. Os neutrófilos estimulados pela proteína F do vírus sincicial respiratório (hRSV-F) geram NETs que são capazes de capturar partículas virais, reduzindo assim sua transmissão. No entanto, a produção maciça de NETs obstrui as vias aéreas e aumenta a gravidade da doença. Assim, um maior conhecimento sobre os efeitos das NETs durante as infecções por hRSV é essencial para o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos específicos e eficazes. Este estudo avaliou os efeitos das NETs no contato prévio ou posterior à infecção de células Hep-2 com hRSV. As células Hep-2 foram infectadas com diferentes quantidades de hRSV (multiplicidade de infecção ou MOI 0,5 ou 1,0), antes ou após a incubação com NETs (0,5–16 μg/mL). Células infectadas e não tratadas mostraram redução da viabilidade celular e intensa coloração com azul de tripano, que foi acompanhada pela formação de sincícios numerosos e grandes. O contato prévio entre as NETs e as células não resultou em efeito protetor. As células em monocamadas mostraram um número e área de sincícios reduzidos, mas a morte celular foi semelhante àquela apresentada por células infectadas e não tratadas. A adição de NETs aos tecidos infectados manteve taxa de morte celular e formação de sincícios semelhantes àqueles induzidos pelo vírus em células não tratadas, indicando danos citotóxicos e deletérios. Nossos resultados corroboram achados relatados anteriormente de que as NETs contribuem para a imunopatologia desenvolvida por pacientes infectados com hRSV.

Abstract The human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) is the most common cause of severe lower respiratory tract diseases in young children worldwide, leading to a high number of hospitalizations and significant expenditures for health systems. Neutrophils are massively recruited to the lung tissue of patients with acute respiratory diseases. At the infection site, they release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) that can capture and/or inactivate different types of microorganisms, including viruses. Evidence has shown that the accumulation of NETs results in direct cytotoxic effects on endothelial and epithelial cells. Neutrophils stimulated by the hRSV-F protein generate NETs that are able to capture hRSV particles, thus reducing their transmission. However, the massive production of NETs obstructs the airways and increases disease severity. Therefore, further knowledge about the effects of NETs during hRSV infections is essential for the development of new specific and effective treatments. This study evaluated the effects of NETs on the previous or posterior contact with hRSV-infected Hep-2 cells. Hep-2 cells were infected with different hRSV multiplicity of infection (MOI 0.5 or 1.0), either before or after incubation with NETs (0.5–16 μg/mL). Infected and untreated cells showed decreased cellular viability and intense staining with trypan blue, which was accompanied by the formation of many large syncytia. Previous contact between NETs and cells did not result in a protective effect. Cells in monolayers showed a reduced number and area of syncytia, but cell death was similar in infected and non-treated cells. The addition of NETs to infected tissues maintained a similar virus-induced cell death rate and an increased syncytial area, indicating cytotoxic and deleterious damages. Our results corroborate previously reported findings that NETs contribute to the immunopathology developed by patients infected with hRSV.

Abstract The pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is complex. Few studies in Brazilian population have addressed cell phenotypes associated with immunological responses and their associations with SLE activity. The aim of this study is to investigate cell phenotypes associated to SLE diagnosis, treatment and activity. Twenty-eight SLE female patients (17 inactive, 11 active) and 10 healthy women were included in this study. Markers of natural killer (Nk), T and B cells in peripheral blood were evaluated by flow cytometry. Nkt cells were decreased only in SLE active patients. Activated CD4+, regulatory T FoxP3+ and B cells were decreased in both active and inactive SLE patients, compared to control group. The data corroborate the disruption of immune regulatory response in SLE patients and suggest phenotipic changes as possible biomarkers of SLE activity.

Abstract Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) infection results in death and hospitalization of thousands of people worldwide each year. Unfortunately, there are no vaccines or specific treatments for hRSV infections. Screening hundreds or even thousands of promising molecules is a challenge for science. We integrated biological, structural, and physicochemical properties to train and to apply the concept of artificial intelligence (AI) able to predict flavonoids with potential anti-hRSV activity. During the training and simulation steps, the AI produced results with hit rates of more than 83%. The better AIs were able to predict active or inactive flavonoids against hRSV. In the future, in vitro and/or in vivo evaluations of these flavonoids may accelerate trials for new anti-RSV drugs, reduce hospitalizations, deaths, and morbidity caused by this infection worldwide, and be used as input in these networks to determine which parameter is more important for their decision.

Resumo A infecção pelo Vírus Sincicial Respiratório Humano (hRSV) resulta na morte e hospitalização de milhares de pessoas em todo o mundo a cada ano. Infelizmente, não existem vacinas ou tratamentos específicos para tais infecções. A testagem de centenas, ou mesmo milhares, de moléculas promissoras é um desafio para a ciência. Neste trabalho, nós integramos propriedades biológicas, estruturais e físico-químicas para treinar e aplicar o conceito de inteligência artificial (IA) capaz de prever flavonoides com potencial atividade anti-hRSV. Durante as etapas de treinamento e simulação, a IA produziu resultados com taxas de acerto superiores a 83%, sendo capaz de prever flavonoides ativos ou inativos contra o hRSV. No futuro, avaliações in vitro e/ou in vivo desses flavonoides poderão acelerar os testes de novas drogas anti-RSV, reduzir hospitalizações, mortes e morbidade causadas por essa infecção. Além disso, a validação futura destes dados poderá determinar qual parâmetro tem maior peso na decisão da inteligência.

Abstract Background Studies on the prevalence of rare visceral aneurysms are still scarce and the few studies that have focused on these aneurysms present prevalence rates in groups of patients with visceral aneurysms, but little is known about their prevalence in the general population. Objectives To assess the prevalence of rare visceral aneurysms on CAT scans performed for diagnosis and follow-up of patients with other vascular pathologies. Methods This cross-sectional study began by accessing all reports from CAT scans performed between January 2005 and July 2021 at a private hospital of excellence located in the city of São Paulo. A software program for pre-indexed reports was used to search the Radiological Information System (RIS) database to identify reports of patients with intra-abdominal aneurysms. Results CAT scan reports from 92,883 patients were accessed. Of these, 2,597 (2.795%) showed intra-abdominal aneurysms, 937 (1.063%) of which were visceral, including 158 (0.171%) rare visceral aneurysms, which were more frequent among male patients and in the following segments: celiac trunk (0.098%), superior mesenteric (0.033%), left gastric (0.010%), pancreatic-duodenal (0.009%), and gastroduodenal arteries (0.005%) and the pancreatic arch (0.004%). Lower prevalence was found in other segments. Additional findings revealed concomitance of rare visceral aneurysms with other intra-abdominal aneurysms ranging from 11.11% to 66.67%. Conclusions The prevalence of rare visceral aneurysms in a large population undergoing CAT scan was 0.171%, with greater involvement in male patients.

Resumo Contexto Ainda são incomuns os estudos de prevalência de aneurismas viscerais raros, e os poucos estudos que focalizaram esses aneurismas observam taxas de prevalência em grupos de pacientes com aneurismas viscerais, mas pouco se conhece sobre a sua prevalência na população geral. Objetivos Avaliar a prevalência de aneurismas viscerais raros em angiotomografias realizadas para diagnóstico e seguimento de pacientes com diferentes patologias vasculares. Métodos Este estudo transversal partiu do acesso a todos os laudos de angiotomografias realizadas entre janeiro de 2005 e julho de 2021 em hospital privado de excelência situado na cidade de São Paulo. Foi utilizado um programa de mecanismo de busca de laudos pré-indexados, cuja base de dados é o Sistema de Informação Radiológica (RIS), para acesso aos laudos de pacientes com aneurismas intra-abdominais. Resultados Foram acessados laudos de angiotomografias de 92.883 pacientes, dos quais 2.597 (2,795%) apresentavam aneurismas intra-abdominais, sendo 937 (1,063%) viscerais, incluindo 158 (0,171%) aneurismas viscerais raros, mais frequente entre homens e nos seguintes segmentos: tronco celíaco (0,098%), artéria mesentérica superior (0,033%), artéria gástrica esquerda (0,010%), artéria pancreático-duodenal (0,009%), artéria gastroduodenal (0,005%) e arco pancreático (0,004%). Prevalências menores foram encontradas em outros diferentes segmentos. Achados adicionais revelaram taxa de concomitância de aneurismas viscerais raros com outros aneurismas intra-abdominais entre 11,11% e 66,67%. Conclusões A prevalência de aneurismas viscerais raros em ampla população submetida a angiotomografias foi de 0,171%, com maior comprometimento nos pacientes do sexo masculino.

Connaraceae is a plant family usually used in traditional medicine. Recently, we have reported the chemical composition and biological activity of 39 species around the world. This work highlights the application of these species to diabetes control, which has been reported at least to half of this family. In this line, there are several species of the Connaraceae without scientific evidence of traditional use, among these the four species study here. Thus, this work aims the chemical composition prospection of Connarus blanchetii, Connarus regnellii, Connarus suberosus and Rourea glazioui, as well as the identification of possible bioactivity. The leaves of these four species were collected, prepared and submitted to different extractive methods (aqueous decoction and infusion and ethanolic maceration), these being tested in a preliminary phytochemical investigation and subjected to antioxidant assay with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Then, we selected the maceration extract to continue for fractions, with the ethyl acetate and n-butanol presenting the best results with antioxidant and anti-advanced glycation end products (AGEs) activity potential. Finally, the chemical composition was determinate by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) in combination with Global Natural Products Service (GNPS) data bank. As a result, this study indicated the presence of 29 phenolics compounds with reported activity as antioxidant and with potential of protein glycation, supported the diabetes activity of this plants. The n-butanolic fraction of R. glazioui showed compounds such as apigenin, kaempferol, quercetin, myricetin and chlorogenic acid, which have generated a half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 36.5 µg mL 1 for oxidative glycation inhibition, being highlighted as the most active.

Resumen. Objetivo/Contexto: Este artículo explica por qué los acontecimientos actuales exigen la exploración de las historias de violencia sexual, situando los cuatro artículos que componen este dossier en su contexto historiográfico y social más amplio. A pesar del importante corpus que hasta la fecha ha explorado temas relacionados con el género y la sexualidad en la región en los siglos xix y xx, la violencia sexual sigue siendo muy poco estudiada. Metodología: Vinculándose con las protestas contra la violencia y el acoso sexual y de género en Brasil y a nivel internacional desde mediados de la década de 2010, como la campaña global #MeToo en 2017, el artículo revisa la erudición actual relacionada con las historias de violencia sexual. Originalidad: Este dossier representa una valiosa colección de ensayos, dedicada específicamente a la historia de la violencia sexual en América Latina durante los siglos xix y xx. El artículo muestra por qué es este un tema tan urgente para la consideración de los historiadores en 2022 y contextualiza las contribuciones a continuación. Conclusiones: Hay una necesidad urgente de seguir investigando las historias de violencia sexual durante la modernidad tardía en los diferentes países de América Latina, especialmente porque los temas destacados por los cuatro autores -y en particular los relacionados con la discriminación y los estereotipos de género, raza y clase que perjudican a las víctimas- aún son relevantes en las experiencias contemporáneas.

Abstract. Objective/Context: This article explains why current events demand the exploration of histories of sexual violence, setting the four pieces that comprise this special issue in their broader historiographical and social context. Despite the important body of work that has been produced to date exploring issues related to gender and sexuality in this region during the nineteenth and twentieth century, sexual violence remains severely understudied. Methodology: Linking to protests against sexual and gender-based violence and harassment in Brazil and internationally since the mid-2010s, such as the global #MeToo campaign in 2017, the article reviews current scholarship on histories of sexual violence. Originality: This special issue represents a valuable collection of essays specifically devoted to the history of sexual violence in Latin America during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The article demonstrates why this is such a pressing issue for historians to consider in 2022 and contextualises the following contributions. Conclusions: There is an urgent need for further research into the histories of sexual violence across different Latin American countries in later modernity, especially since the issues highlighted by all four authors-particularly related to gender, racial, and class discrimination and stereotyping that harm victims-remain relevant to contemporary experiences.

Resumo. Objetivo/Contexto: Neste artigo, é explicado por que os acontecimentos atuais exigem a exploração das histórias de violência sexual, situando os quatro artigos que compõem este dossiê em seu contexto historiográfico e social mais amplo. Apesar do importante corpus que, até a data, vem explorando temas relacionados com o gênero e a sexualidade na região nos séculos xix e xx, a violência sexual continua sendo pouco estudada. Metodologia: Vinculando-se com os protestos contra a violência e assédio sexual e de gênero e o estupro no Brasil e no âmbito internacional desde meados da década de 2010, como a campanha global #MeToo em 2017, neste artigo, é revisada a erudição atual relacionada com as histórias de violência sexual. Originalidade: Este dossiê representa uma valiosa compilação de ensaios, dedicada especificamente à história da violência sexual na América Latina durante os séculos xix e xx. Além disso, mostra por que esse tema é tão urgente para a consideração dos historiadores em 2022 e contextualiza as contribuições a seguir. Conclusões: Há uma necessidade urgente de continuar pesquisando sobre as histórias de violência sexual durante a modernidade tardia nos diferentes países da América Latina, especialmente porque os temas destacados pelos quatro autores -e, em particular, os relacionados com o preconceito e os estereótipos de gênero, raça e classe que prejudicam as vítimas- ainda são relevantes nas experiências contemporâneas.

Resumen El estado de Michoacán es el segundo productor de jamaica en México. La poda en esta especie coadyuva a incrementar el rendimiento de cálices por unidad de superficie. Por ello, el objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de fechas de poda apical en el rendimiento de cuatro variedades de jamaica sembradas en trópico seco de Michoacán. El estudio se realizó durante el ciclo primavera-verano, 2021, en la localidad de Melchor Ocampo, Cunuato, Churumuco, Michoacán. Las variedades evaluadas fueron: Reina Roja (testigo), Patriota, Estrella Costeña y Mulata. La poda apical se realizó a 70, 90 y 107 días después de la siembra (dds) y un testigo sin poda. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con arreglo factorial 4 x 4, con 10 repeticiones. Se registraron las variables altura de planta, diámetro en la base del tallo, número de ramas laterales, peso fresco y seco de los cálices por planta. Se realizó análisis de varianza (ɑ= 0.05) para determinar el efecto de los factores y sus interacciones, prueba de comparación de medias (Tukey p≤ 0.05) y correlación de Pearson entre las variables. La poda apical influyó en el rendimiento de cálices de las cuatro variedades de jamaica; la producción más alta se generó a 90 dds; las variedades Mulata y Estrella Costeña produjeron 1 159.6 y 1 107.3 kg ha-1. Los rendimientos obtenidos en el ensayo superaron a los reportados a nivel estatal (570 kg ha-1) y nacional (430 kg ha-1). En general, las variedades de jamaica respondieron positivamente a la poda apical y de no realizarse la producción disminuye.

Abstract The state of Michoacán is the second producer of roselle in Mexico. In this species, pruning helps to increase the yield of calyxes per unit area. Therefore, the objective was to evaluate the effect of apical pruning dates on the yield of four roselle varieties sown in the dry tropics of Michoacán. The study was conducted during the spring-summer cycle, 2021, in the locality of Melchor Ocampo, Cunuato, Churumuco, Michoacán. The varieties evaluated were: Reina Roja (control), Patriota, Estrella Costeña and Mulata. The apical pruning was carried out at 70, 90 and 107 days after sowing (das) and a control without pruning. A completely randomized experimental design with 4 x 4 factorial arrangement, with 10 repetitions, was used. The following variables were recorded: plant height, diameter at the base of the stem, number of lateral branches, fresh and dry weight of the calyxes per plant. An analysis of variance (ɑ= 0.05) was performed to determine the effect of the factors and their interactions, a mean comparison test (Tukey p≤ 0.05) and Pearson correlation between the variables were also performed. Apical pruning influenced the yield of calyxes of the four roselle varieties; the highest production was generated at 90 das; the Mulata and Estrella Costeña varieties produced 1 159.6 and 1 107.3 kg ha-1. The yields obtained in the trial exceeded those reported at the state (570 kg ha-1) and national (430 kg ha-1) levels. In general, roselle varieties responded positively to the apical pruning apical and if it is not carried out, the production decreases.

Resumen El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto del rendimiento de cuatro variedades de jamaica sembradas en dos densidades de siembra: 8 265 (2) y 13 889 (1) plantas ha-1, en condiciones de trópico seco en Michoacán. El diseño experimental fue en bloques completos al azar con arreglo factorial 2 x 4, dos densidades de siembra (factor a) y cuatro variedades (factor b), con nueve repeticiones por tratamiento. Se registraron las variables altura de planta (ATP), diámetro de tallo basal (DTB), número de ramas (NR), peso fresco (PF) y seco (PS) por planta, y rendimiento en fresco (RFRES) y seco (RSEC) por hectárea. Se realizó un Anova (α= 0.05), prueba de comparación de media (Tukey, 0.05), para determinar el efecto de los factores y sus interacciones (a*b), se realizó también análisis de correlaciones entre las variables registradas. Se encontraron diferencias significativas dentro del factor a (p≤ 0.05) para la variable ATP, en densidad 1, la ATP fue de 217 cm y en la densidad 2 de 197 cm. En el factor b se detectaron diferencias altamente significativas (p≤ 0.05), la variedad Patriota alcanzó la mayor ATP con 232 cm. No se identificaron diferencias significativas para las variables DBT, NR y PF, PS, en ambos factores ni su interacción. Respecto al rendimiento del peso seco de los cálices en el factor densidades se presentaron diferencias significativas (p≤ 0.05), la densidad 2 alcanzó el mayor RSEC con 573.3 kg ha-1. Las variables PF y PS se correlacionaron positivamente con RSEC (r= 0.82).

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effect of the yield of four roselle varieties sown in two sowing densities: 8 265 (2) and 13 889 (1) plants ha-1, under conditions of dry tropics in Michoacán. The experimental design was in random complete blocks with a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, two sowing densities (factor a) and four varieties (factor b), with nine repetitions per treatment. The following variables were recorded: plant height (PHE), diameter at the base of the stem (DBS), number of branches (NB), fresh weight (FW) and dry weight (DW) per plant, and fresh (FRESY) and dry (DRYY) yield per hectare. An Anova (α= 0.05) and a mean comparison test (Tukey, 0.05) were performed to determine the effect of the factors and their interactions (a*b), correlation analysis was also performed between the recorded variables. Significant differences were found within factor a (p≤ 0.05) for the variable PHE, in density 1, PHE was 217 cm and in density 2 it was 197 cm. In factor b, highly significant differences were detected (p≤ 0.05), the Patriota variety reached the highest PHE with 232 cm. No significant differences were identified for the variables DBS, NB and FW, DW, in both factors or their interaction. Regarding the yield of the dry weight of the calyxes, in the factor densities, there were significant differences (p≤ 0.05), density 2 reached the highest DRYY with 573.3 kg ha-1. The variables FW and DW were positively correlated with DRYY (r= 0.82).

Resumen En 1874, Florentino Ameghino (1853-1911) recolectó un extraño loricárido en las aguas del Río Luján, fundando una nueva especie. Lo denomina Typupiscis Lujanensis, hace tomar cuatro fotografías y lo presenta el mismo año al director del Museo Público Germán Burmeister, quien desestima el hallazgo al clasificarlo, erróneamente, como Hypostomus plecostomus. El análisis de tres de estas albúminas, junto a los testimonios sobre la morfología y etología de un ejemplar en cautiverio, permite determinar que los especímenes extraídos del Río Luján en 1874 y en 1884, pertenecen a Ancistrus cirrhosus, especie que ya había sido recolectada en el Plata por d’Orbigny en 1827 y descripta por Valenciennes en 1847. Las albúminas de Ancistrus por Annaratone, junto a las de restos de Panochtus encargadas por Burmeister hacia 1874 colocan a ambos entre los pioneros de la utilización de la fotografía en objetos de historia natural en Argentina.

Abstract In 1874, Florentino Ameghino (1853-1911) collected a strange catfish in the Luján river, founding a new species. He named it Typupiscis Lujanensis, took four photographs and presented it to the director of the Public Museum, Germán Burmeister, who dismisses the finding by erroneously classifying it as Hypostomus plecostomus. The analysis of three of these albumen photographs, together with penecontemporaneous testimonies on the morphology and the ethology of a specimen in captivity, allow to determine that the specimens fished in the Luján river in 1874 and in 1884, belong to Ancistrus cirrhosus, a species that was already collected in the Río de la Plata by d’Orbigny in 1827 and described by Valenciennes in 1847. The Annaratone’s albumen of Ancistrus, together with those of Panochtus commissioned by Burmeister in 1874 place them among the pioneers of the use of photography in natural sciences in Argentina.

Resumen El condroblastoma es un tumor óseo benigno infrecuente que representa el 1-2% de todos los tumores óseos primarios. Como aproximadamente solo el 4% se localiza en el astrágalo, la bibliografía es escasa. Se presenta a un varón de 18 años con un condroblastoma localizado en el astrágalo derecho. El paciente tuvo una buena evolución, sin complicaciones a los 15 meses de la cirugía. Revisamos los casos ya publicados para analizar la forma de presentación y la evolución luego del tratamiento quirúrgico.

Abstract Chondroblastoma (CB) is a rare benign bone tumor that represents between 1% to 2% of all primary bone tumors. Because only abouy 4% of them are located in the talus, the literature is scarce. We present a case of an 18-year-old male patient who presents with a chondroblastoma located in the right talus. He had an uneventful recovery; with no complications at his last follow-up at 15 months. We also reviewed the published literature to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of chondroblastoma in the talus.