Abstract Several measures were undertaken by governments globally to prevent the dissemination of COVID-19. However, little is known about how populations perceived these measures and their implementation. Thus, this study aims to explore how adults residing in Portugal perceived the management of the COVID-19 pandemic by governmental entities. A sample of 88 adults were interviewed (n = 45; 51%; age range: 19 to 92 years). Semi-structured interviews were conducted between Jan-Sep 2022, transcribed, and analyzed according to codebook Thematic Analysis. Three main themes were identified: 1) Indispensable measures in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic; 2) The government did the best it could; and 3) The dark side of the COVID-19 pandemic’s management in Portugal. Our findings suggest that participants perceived the COVID-19 pandemic’s management as successful, stating that the government adopted well-conceived measures, even with limited information and resources. However, adults complained about not understanding the reasoning behind some of the measures, the off-timing of some measures’ implementation, and failures in governmental communication. Thus, governments should increase transparency in the decision-making process, as well as improve communication with the population, thus potentially increasing adherence to the necessary measures and feelings of safety and tranquility during a public health crisis.

Resumo Várias medidas foram implementas por governos em todo o mundo para impedir a disseminação da COVID-19. Contudo, pouco se sabe sobre a forma como as populações percecionaram essas medidas e a sua implementação. Assim, este estudo pretende explorar a forma como as pessoas adultas residentes em Portugal percecionam a gestão da pandemia COVID-19 pelas entidades governamentais. Foram entrevistadas 88 pessoas adultas (n = 45; 51%; Min: 19 anos; Máx.: 92 anos). As entrevistas semiestruturadas foram realizadas entre janeiro e setembro de 2022, transcritas e analisadas de acordo com a Análise Temática codebook. Foram identificados três temas principais: (a) Medidas indispensáveis no combate à pandemia da COVID-19; (b) As autoridades oficiais fizeram o melhor que puderam; e (c) O lado negro da gestão da pandemia COVID-19 em Portugal. As nossas conclusões sugerem que os participantes consideraram a gestão da pandemia COVID-19 como bem-sucedida, afirmando que o governo adotou medidas bem concebidas, mesmo com informações e recursos limitados. No entanto, as pessoas adultas queixaram-se de não compreenderem o raciocínio por detrás de algumas das medidas, do atraso na implementação de algumas medidas e de falhas na comunicação governamental. Assim, os governos devem aumentar a transparência no processo de tomada de decisão, bem como melhorar a comunicação com a população, aumentando assim potencialmente a adesão às medidas necessárias e os sentimentos de segurança e tranquilidade durante uma crise de saúde pública.

ABSTRACT The present study analyzed the vertical stratification of hawkmoths in an area of the Dense Ombrophylous Forest in the Amazon. The moths were captured through light traps with ultraviolet lamps F15 T12 LN installed in three strata (canopy, midstory, and understory) from 6 pm to 7 am, during the first quarter to new moon period, on three consecutive nights per month during May 2019 to February 2020, in the Tapajós National Forest located in the state of Pará, Brazil (02°51’23.3”S, 54°57’31.0”W). This study analyzed 33 species (S) and 775 specimens (N) of Sphingidae. The sphingofauna had a high concentration, mainly in the upper strata, with greater emphasis on richness (S = 28), abundance (N = 687), and Berger Parker dominance (BP = 0.72) found in the forest canopy. The canopy’s dominance stood out because the species Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus, 1758) was more abundant in this stratum (N = 492). PERMANOVA analysis indicated significant differences in all strata. Therefore, our study provided important information about the vertical distribution of moths, showing that their richness, abundance, and species composition are distinct between strata.

Abstract Composite structures and precast solutions stand out because they lead to simple, fast erected and economic constructions. In steel-concrete composite construction, shear connectors are used to assure the shear transfer between the steel profile and the concrete slab, enabling the composite action to develop. This paper discusses an innovative technology for connection by adherence, whose resistance is due to friction on various steel-concrete interfaces. The authors consider that this type of shear connection is suitable for composite beams with latticed joists slabs, and the study developed intends to analyze the behavior of the proposed connection, in this application's context, through experimental and numerical approaches. For this purpose, push-out specimens were fabricated and tested in accordance with Eurocode-4 requirements, where the connection behavior is analyzed in terms of its load-slip relation, and the failure modes are identified. Experimental and numerical results allowed to induce that the connector by adherence made with a checkered steel plate is appropriate to be used in composite structures, as it exhibits satisfactory shear resistance and ductility performance. Also, specimens with latticed joist slabs presented average load capacity values with the same magnitude as the average load capacity obtained in models with solid slabs, despite being more prone to cracking. From the parametric study, an increase of 100% in the connector height implied strength increase from 16% to 25%, depending on slab type.

Resumo As estruturas mistas e as soluções pré-moldadas se destacam por possibilitarem construções simples, rápidas e econômicas. Em construções mistas de aço-concreto, são utilizados conectores de cisalhamento para garantir a transferência de cisalhamento entre o perfil de aço e a laje de concreto, permitindo o desenvolvimento da ação mista. Este trabalho aborda uma tecnologia inovadora de ligação por aderência, cuja resistência se dá por atrito em diversas interfaces aço-concreto. Os autores consideram que este tipo de ligação é adequado para vigas mistas com lajes treliçadas, e o estudo desenvolvido pretende analisar o comportamento da ligação proposta, no contexto desta aplicação, através de abordagens experimentais e numéricas. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, corpos-de-prova de push-out foram produzidos e ensaiados de acordo com os requisitos do Eurocode-4, onde o comportamento da ligação foi analisado em termos da sua relação carga-escorregamento e foram identificados os modos de falha. Resultados experimentais e numéricos permitiram induzir que o conector por aderência produzido com chapa de aço do tipo xadrez é adequado para ser utilizado em estruturas mistas, pois apresenta desempenho satisfatório de resistência ao cisalhamento e ductilidade. Além disso, os corpos-de-prova com lajes treliçadas apresentaram valores médios de capacidade de carga com a mesma magnitude que a média de capacidade de carga obtida em modelos com lajes maciças, apesar de serem mais propensos à fissuração. Pelo estudo paramétrico, um aumento de 100% na altura do conector implicou ganho de resistência de 16% a 25%, dependendo do tipo de laje.

Summary: The study of the dynamic processes of the change of land use and vegetation is essential given the trends in the degradation processes of ecosystems. The Juluapan basin exhibits processes of change of land use and vegetation for more than 50 years, therefore, the objective of our study was to analyze the changes in land and vegetation use over time for the periods 1971 to 2010 and 2010 to 2018, with aerial and satellite images using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The results obtained for the period of 1971-2010 show the loss of 752 hectares of shrub vegetation that represents 13.3% of the total area. For the 2010-2018 period, a loss of 202 hectares was estimated, with a deforested area of 3.6%. The exchange rate for tree vegetation of the 1971-2010 period was defined with -1.47% and for the 2010-2018 period with a -2.03%. The scenarios of change of land use and vegetation presented in this study will allow the development of actions in favor of soil resource planning related to land use ordinance at the local level, as well as the execution of programs that reduce the impact on natural resources and promote the rational use of ecosystems in this region.

Resumen: El estudio del proceso dinámico de cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación se considera esencial dadas las tendencias de los procesos de degradación de los ecosistemas. La cuenca Juluapan presenta procesos de cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación desde hace más de 50 años, por lo que el objetivo de la investigación es analizar el cambio de uso de suelo y vegetación a través del tiempo para los periodos 1971 a 2010 y 2010 a 2018, utilizando imágenes aéreas y de satélite, usando los Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG). Los resultados obtenidos para periodo de 1971-2010, manifiestan la pérdida de 752 hectáreas de vegetación arbustiva que representa 13.3% de la superficie total. Para el periodo 2010-2018, se estimó una pérdida de 202 hectáreas, con una superficie deforestada del 3.6%. La tasa de cambio para la vegetación arbórea del periodo de 1971-2010 se definió con un -1.47% y para el periodo 2010-2018 con una tasa de cambio -2.03%. Los escenarios de cambio en la cubierta vegetal y uso del suelo presentados en este estudio permitirán el desarrollo de acciones en favor de la planificación del recurso suelo, vinculadas con el ordenamiento del territorio a escala local y la ejecución de programas que aminoren el impacto hacia los recursos naturales y favorezcan el uso racional de los ecosistemas en esta región.

Abstract “Paper mtropolises” are urban centers in established metropolitan regions that present no functionalities of a metropolis, in terms of political, economic, and social influence, as well as the flow of information, capital, and people. Thus, this study has sought to understand the conception, perception, and experience of a “paper metropolis” located in the Brazilian Amazon based on Henri Lefebvre’s understanding of the production of urban space. Using a historiographical approach, and a literature and documentary review, it was possible to understand that the conceived space is essentially the result of joint actions among political and economic actors that prioritize the institutionalization of space rather than its production, thereby reflecting the lack of perception and experience of the population in relation to metropolitan space. Thus, particular intra-urban dynamics transform the metropolitan spaces into a product that does not necessarily fit into Lefebvrian theory, creating new horizons for apprehending the socio-spatial production of what constitutes paper metropolises.

Resumo “Metrópoles de papel” são centros urbanos de regiões metropolitanas institucionalizadas que não apresentam funcionalidades de uma metrópole, tais como influências político-econômicas e sociais, além do tráfego de informações, capital e pessoas. Assim, este estudo buscou compreender a concepção, a percepção e a vivência de uma “metrópole de papel” localizada na Amazônia brasileira com base no entendimento da produção do espaço urbano de Henri Lefebvre. Utilizando uma abordagem historiográfica, análises de recursos bibliográficos e documentais possibilitaram apreender que o espaço concebido é fruto essencialmente de ações conjuntas entre agentes políticos e econômicos que priorizaram a institucionalização do espaço em vez de sua produção, repercutindo na ausência de percepção e vivência por parte da população com relação ao espaço metropolitano. Por conseguinte, dinâmicas intraurbanas peculiares tornam a produção dos espaços metropolitanos um produto que não necessariamente se encaixa na teoria lefebvriana, criando novos horizontes para a apreensão da produção socioespacial do que se constituem as metrópoles de papel.

ABSTRACT Afforestation of sites disturbed after bauxite mining is the favorite technique to restore all ecosystem functions. The nature of the tree species used for revegetation of post-mining land can accelerate the recovery of soil organic matter and nutrient cycles. This study aimed to determine the litterfall production, decomposition rate and nutrient content from three types of forest cover ( Eucalyptus , Anadenanthera peregrina , mixed plantation of 16 native species) planted in a bauxite mining area in recovery. Litterfall production was evaluated monthly over 30 months, and the litter mass was assessed twice a year (dry and rainy periods). Total nutrient content was determined from samples grouped by period (dry and rainy). The annual average values for litterfall dry mass and litter mass were higher in Eucalyptus and mixed native. The period (dry or rainy) did not influence litterfall rates in A. peregrina , but Eucalyptus and mixed native presented higher amounts for litterfall during the rainy and dry periods, respectively. Litter accumulation in Eucalyptus was not affected by the season of the year, but mixed native and A. peregrina presented higher litter accumulation in the dry season. Apparent decomposition rates of A. peregrina and mixed native were higher in the rainy season, highlighting the A. peregrina with the highest values compared with the other forest covers. The mixed native presented the highest leaf content of P, K, Ca and Mg in both the litterfall and litter mass, while Eucalyptus had the lowest P, K, Ca, S and N content and the highest C content in the litterfall. Litterfall production is important in degraded areas to ensure the nutrient return to the soil. The data obtained suggest that the cultivation of a mixed of 16 native trees contribute for produce the higher annual litterfall yields, besides produces leaf litterfall of better nutritional quality in relation to P, K, Ca, Mg and S. Therefore, mixed of native trees can be a promising option for reactivation of nutrient cycling and organic matter formation in mined area of bauxite in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.

ABSTRACT Objective To describe and compare the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to intensive care units during the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods In this retrospective single-center cohort study, data were retrieved from the Epimed Monitor System; all adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit between March 4, 2020, and October 1, 2021, were included in the study. We compared the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a quaternary private hospital in São Paulo, Brazil, during the first (May 1, 2020, to August 31, 2020) and second (March 1, 2021, to June 30, 2021) waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Results In total, 1,427 patients with COVID-19 were admitted to the intensive care unit during the first (421 patients) and second (1,006 patients) waves. Compared with the first wave group [median (IQR)], the second wave group was younger [57 (46-70) versus 67 (52-80) years; p<0.001], had a lower SAPS 3 Score [45 (42-52) versus 49 (43-57); p<0.001], lower SOFA Score on intensive care unit admission [3 (1-6) versus 4 (2-6); p=0.018], lower Charlson Comorbidity Index [0 (0-1) versus 1 (0-2); p<0.001], and were less frequently frail (10.4% versus 18.1%; p<0.001). The second wave group used more noninvasive ventilation (81.3% versus 53.4%; p<0.001) and high-flow nasal cannula (63.2% versus 23.0%; p<0.001) during their intensive care unit stay. The intensive care unit (11.3% versus 10.5%; p=0.696) and in-hospital mortality (12.3% versus 12.1%; p=0.998) rates did not differ between both waves. Conclusion In the first and second waves, patients with severe COVID-19 exhibited similar mortality rates and need for invasive organ support, despite the second wave group being younger and less severely ill at the time of intensive care unit admission.

O objetivo do estudo é verificar a relação entre a concessão do Agroamigo e o desenvolvimento e crescimento econômico, representados pelo IFDM e pela taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita, respectivamente. Para isso, estimamos um Vetor Autorregressivo para Dados em Painel (PVAR), abrangendo 1.626 municípios do Nordeste e norte de Minas Gerais, no período de 2010 a 2016. Nossos resultados apontam para uma resposta positiva e estatisticamente significante, no curto prazo, advindo de choques do microcrédito rural sobre o IFDM, no qual nos primeiros períodos (aproximadamente 1 ano), os repasses do Agroamigo parecem expandir o bem-estar social nos municípios analisados.

ABSTRACT Brazilian semi-arid tropical is responsible for the production and export of fine table grapes, but the demand for phosphate fertilizers and other agricultural inputs increases the cost of production and threatens local water bodies by leaching of phosphorus (P). The objectives of this study were to quantify the organic and inorganic fractions of P and to determine chemical and microbiological attributes related to its mineralization in soils cultivated with vines in São Francisco Valley. It was hypothesized that P fractions and microbial activity would increase in areas fertilized with phosphate. Soil samples from vines were collected in cultivated areas and in fallow systems. P fractionation, macro-elements analysis, microbial biomass phosphorus (Pmic), and phosphatase enzyme activity were determined and correlated with each other and with the total proportion of synthesized glomalin. In both treatments, the inorganic P fractions exceeded the organic ones, and the total phosphorus available in those soils was associated with the most recalcitrant fractions, reducing risks of leaching of this element and contamination of water bodies. Pmic was higher in the winery areas due to the presence of phosphate fertilizers and organic matter, hence the activity of alkaline phosphatase enzymes and the production of total glomalin increased respectively in three and four evaluated areas, indicating that P-mineralized bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi have been positively affected by the current agricultural system.

RESUMO: A pecuária leiteira tropical é uma das atividades econômicas mais relevantes para a produção de alimentos, embora atualmente enfrente crescente discussão da sociedade devido ao seu potencial dano aos recursos naturais e ao meio ambiente. Além disso, alguns fatores são primordiais para a avaliação da sustentabilidade e potencial produtivo de qualquer popriedade leiteira tropical: qualidade do solo, rentabilidade e eficiência energética. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma análise de sustentabilidade em quatro tipos de propriedades de gado leiteiro tropical, por meio de três indicadores chave (rentabilidade econômica, eficiência energética e qualidade do solo) e com uma abordagem abrangente na região da Costa de Oaxaca, México. Portanto, quarto propriedades de diferentes tamanhos (isto é, pequenas, médias, grandes e muito grandes) foram selecionadas na Costa de Oaxaca, México. A coleta de dados foi realizada para a produção diária de leite, a dinâmica dos insumos da fazenda (introdução ou retirada) do sistema de produção, juntamente com coleta de amostras de solo. Os agroecossistemas avaliados foram economicamente rentáveis, sendo que aqueles com maior intensificação de suas áreas de pastagens apresentam maiores margens de lucro e eficiência energética. Em termos de qualidade do solo, existe um potencial regular para a sua utilização racional. RESUMO alimentos ambiente disso solo econômica Oaxaca México Portanto isto pequenas médias leite introdução retirada rentáveis racional

ABSTRACT: Tropical dairy cattle farming is one the most relevant economic activities for food production; although, currently faces increasing scrutiny from society due to its potential harm to natural resources and the environment. Moreover, some factors are paramount for the evaluation of the sustainability and productive potential of any given tropical dairy farm: soil quality, profitability, and energy efficiency. This study carried out a sustainability analysis in four types of tropical dairy cattle ranches, through three key indicators (economic profitability, energy efficiency and soil quality) and with a comprehensive approach in the Costa region of Oaxaca, Mexico. Therefore, four farms of different sizes (i.e., small, medium, large, and very large) were selected in Costa de Oaxaca, Mexico. The data collection was carried out for daily milk production, the dynamics of farm inputs (introduction or removal) from the production system, alongside with collection of soil samples. The agroecosystems evaluated were economically profitable, and those with greater intensification of their pasture areas display higher profit margins and energy efficiency. In terms of soil quality, there is a regular potential for its rational utilization. ABSTRACT although environment Moreover quality profitability ranches Oaxaca Mexico Therefore i.e., ie i e (i.e. small medium large introduction removal system samples profitable utilization i.e. (i.e i.e

ABSTRACT Allergic rhinitis has been increasing in Latin American countries, leading to a growing population of patients who need medical treatment for this respiratory condition. Its similarity to COVID-19 in terms of symptoms and the possibility of concurrence with it, make allergic rhinitis of particular interest to health systems. The countries of Latin America and the Caribbean have been particularly vulnerable due to multiple challenges, including high poverty rates, limited access to medical care and limitations in the provision of basic health services, as well as the absence of guidelines of treatment for allergic rhinitis in a pandemic situation. With the aim of to provide essential management for multidisciplinary teams in Latin America and the Caribbean regarding the evaluation and treatment of allergic rhinitis during the COVID-19 pandemic, published scientific literature on the treatment of allergic rhinitis and COVID-19 was reviewed, and the opinion of leading professionals from scientific societies in the region was considered. The different measures to avoid infections and the different treatment strategies were analyzed, with an emphasis on intranasal therapy and treatment with allergy vaccines. A position statement was formulated with the intention of maintaining continuity of medical service in the context of a pandemic and minimizing the spread, infection and complication associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in patients undergoing or starting treatment for allergic rhinitis.

RESUMEN La rinitis alérgica ha ido en aumento en los países latinoamericanos, dando lugar a una creciente población de pacientes que necesitan tratamiento médico para esta afección respiratoria. Su similitud con la COVID-19 en cuanto a síntomas y la posibilidad de concurrencia con esta, hacen que la rinitis alérgica sea de particular interés para los sistemas de salud. Los países de América Latina y el Caribe han sido particularmente vulnerables por múltiples desafíos, entre estos, las altas tasas de pobreza, el acceso limitado a la atención médica y las limitaciones en la prestación de servicios básicos de salud, así como la ausencia de guías de tratamiento para la rinitis alérgica en situación de pandemia. Con el objetivo de proporcionar orientación esencial para los equipos multidisciplinarios de América Latina y el Caribe con respecto a la evaluación y el tratamiento de la rinitis alérgica durante la pandemia de COVID-19, se revisó literatura científica publicada sobre tratamiento de la rinitis alérgica y COVID-19, y se consideró la opinión de profesionales líderes de sociedades científicas de la región. Se analizaron las diferentes medidas para evitar contagios, y las diferentes estrategias de tratamiento con énfasis en la terapia intranasal y el tratamiento con vacunas contra la alergia. Se formuló una declaración de posicionamiento con la intención de mantener la continuidad del servicio médico en el contexto de una pandemia y minimizar la propagación, infección y complicación asociada con el coronavirus tipo 2 del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo en pacientes con seguimiento o comenzando tratamiento para la rinitis alérgica.

Abstract Empathy presupposes the ability and, most importantly, the willingness to understand others and put oneself in their place. Hence, health personnel are expected to be more empathetic and able to read the world around them with a humanized, critical, and reflexive look. This integrative review examines the studies on teaching empathy in undergraduate health programs published in the last five years. A total of 27 studies were selected from the MEDLINE and LILACS databases, most of which were published in the fields of medicine and nursing. Although a subjective element, most studies measured empathy using standardized scales (quantitative approach). Finally, empathy was taught using active methodologies.

Resumen La empatía es una capacidad, sobre todo una voluntad, de comprender al otro y de ponerse en su piel. Así se espera que los profesionales involucrados en el cuidado de la salud sean más empáticos y tengan una mirada humanizada, crítica y reflexiva sobre el mundo. Esta es una revisión integradora para identificar cómo se enseña la empatía en las carreras de graduación en el área de la salud en los últimos cinco años. Se seleccionaron 27 artículos de las bases de datos MEDLINE y LILACS, y se identificó que la mayoría de los estudios disponibles fueron de las áreas de Medicina y Enfermería. Se constató también que, aunque el tema de la empatía se refiera a la subjetividad, el método cuantitativo con la aplicación de escalas estandarizadas fue el más utilizado para medir los niveles de empatía y que la enseñanza de la empatía ocurrió por metodologías activas.

Resumo Empatia pressupõe a capacidade e sobretudo a vontade de compreender o outro e se colocar em seu lugar. Considerando isso, espera-se que profissionais envolvidos em cuidados de saúde sejam mais empáticos e capazes de ler o mundo ao seu redor com olhar humanizado, crítico e reflexivo. Objetivou-se investigar, mediante revisão integrativa, o que tem sido discutido a respeito do ensino da empatia nos cursos de graduação da área da saúde nos últimos cinco anos. Foram selecionados 27 artigos das bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS, por meio dos quais se identificou que a maioria dos estudos disponíveis foram realizados nas áreas de medicina e enfermagem. Além disso, constatou-se que, apesar de o tema empatia remeter à subjetividade, a metodologia quantitativa com aplicação de escalas padronizadas foi a mais utilizada para mensurar níveis de empatia e que, por fim, o ensino da empatia ocorreu por meio de metodologias ativas.

Abstract Palliative care is the holistic care of individuais with serious health-related suffering due to severe illness. The improving survival in malignant and non-malignant diseases results in an ageing population who tive with advanced chronic diseases that commonly present to acute care settings. With our improved ability to relief symptoms and treat intercurrent complications, imaging can be an important aspect of modem palliative care. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is ultrasound used at the bedside to answer directed clinical questions and guide clinical care. The goals of our review are to provide greater understanding about utility and appropriateness of the use of POCUS in palliative care. The use of POCUS in the clinical setting has increased substantially in recent years, and its characteristics make it an attractive diagnostic and therapeutic adjunct in palliative care, namely in home-based care.

Resumo Os cuidados paliativas são cuidados holísticos prestados a indivíduos com sofrimento intenso decorrente de doença grave. A melhoria da sobrevida nas doenças malignas e não malignas levou ao envelhecimento da população, que vive com doenças crónicas avançadas e frequentemente recorre aos serviços de saúde. Os métodos imagiológicos não invasivos podem ter um papel importante nos cuidados paliativas modernos, no controlo sintomático e na abordagem de intercorrências agudas. A ecografiapoint-of-care (POCUS) trata-se da ecografia realizada à cabeceira do doente, para responder a questões clínicas dirigidas, com o objetivo de orientar a abordagem clínica. O objetivo da nossa revisão é contribuir para uma maior compreensão acerca da utilidade e adequação de POCUS em cuidados paliativas. A utilização do POCUS na prática clínica tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos anos e as suas características tornam-no uma ferramenta útil no diagnóstico e terapêutica em cuidados paliativas, nomeadamente em equipas de apoio comunitário.

Abstract Objective: To assess the coverage rates of Influenza vaccination in pregnant women, to identify the reasons for non-immunization and to compare with the Bordetella pertussis vaccination rate in pregnancy. Methods: Observational prospective study performed between January and February of 2020. In the postnatal ward, a self-administered questionnaire about flu vaccination and the reasons for non-vaccination was delivered. Chi squared and Fisher’s exact tests were performed. Results: In the postnatal ward 117 women answered the questionnaires - 49% were vaccinated against influenza. The main cause for the non-vaccination was the lack of recommendation (61%), followed by the fear of adverse effects (20%). Vaccination during pregnancy was more frequent when the antenatal care was provided at public hospital versus primary care or private care (respectively 68%, 31% e 47%, p=0.023), when the pertussis vaccine was performed (96% vs 79%, p=0.005) and when women had adequate information on flu severity in pregnancy and to the neonate (65% vs 41%, p=0.013) and knew the potential benefits of influenza vaccination during pregnancy in preventing flu in the first months of life of the neonate (76% vs 29%, p<0.001). Conclusion: In our population, the reduced vaccination coverage (49%) was essentially linked to lack of recommendation about influenza vaccination during pregnancy by healthcare providers.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a taxa de cobertura vacinal da gripe na gravidez, as razões para a não vacinação e comparar com a taxa de vacinação contra a Bordetella pertussis nas grávidas. Métodos: Estudo observacional prospetivo que decorreu entre janeiro e fevereiro de 2020. No internamento de puerpério, foi aplicado um inquérito de autopreenchimento sobre a vacinação contra a gripe, incluindo os motivos da não vacinação. Aplicaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado ou o teste exato de Fisher. Resultados: No internamento de puerpério obtivemos 117 respostas aos inquéritos - 49% referiram estar vacinadas contra a gripe. O principal motivo para a não vacinação foi a ausência de recomendação (61%), seguido do receio de efeitos adversos (20%). A vacinação foi mais frequente em grávidas vigiadas em consulta hospitalar do SNS comparativamente com as grávidas vigiadas nos cuidados primários e no setor privado (respetivamente 68%, 31% e 47%, p=0,023), em mulheres vacinadas contra a tosse convulsa (96% vs 79%, p=0,005) e em grávidas informadas sobre a gravidade da gripe (na grávida e no recém-nascido) (65% vs 41%, p=0,013) e sobre a possibilidade da vacina prevenir a doença nos primeiros meses de vida do filho (76% vs 29%, p<0,001). Conclusão: Na nossa amostra, a baixa cobertura vacinal (49%) associou-se essencialmente à falta de recomendação da vacinação contra a gripe por parte dos profissionais de saúde que acompanham a gravidez.