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ABSTRACT Organic residue in the substrate and the availability of light influence the production of high-quality seedlings for ex situ cultivation of native forest species. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of doses of chicken manure incorporated in the soil and shading levels on the morphophysiological responses and quality of Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich seedlings. Five doses of chicken manure (CM) were tested, 0.00, 2.08, 4.16, 6.24, and 8.32 g CM kg-1 soil, under two shade conditions, 0% (full sun) and 50% shading. At 215 days after transplanting, the maximum height obtained for A. edulis was 47.35 cm with 5.64 g CM kg-1 soil under 50% shade. Shaded seedlings had a higher number of leaves. The maximum leaf and root areas were 796.64 and 118.83 cm2 with 5.32 and 4.21 g CM kg-1 soil, respectively, both under 50% shade. Seedlings in 0% shade had lower physiological indices. Shading levels did not affect stomatal limitation, but CM contributed to physiological efficiency. Shoot biomass was higher under 50% shade with higher CM doses. The highest quality indexes occurred with 3.98 and 6.28 g kg-1 CM under 0 and 50% shade, respectively. A. edulis seedlings responded positively to the addition of CM to the soil and presented plasticity under contrasting light conditions. A. edulis seedlings produced under 50% shading with the addition of 6.24 g CM kg-1 soil presented high morphophysiological and seedling quality indicators. The addition of 4.32 g CM kg-1 soil contributed to high seedling quality under full sun conditions.

RESUMO O uso de resíduo orgânico no substrato e a disponibilidade de luz influenciam na obtenção de mudas de elevada qualidade para o cultivo ex situ de espécies florestais nativas. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito de doses de cama de frango incorporadas ao solo e níveis de sombreamento sobre as respostas morfofisiológicas e qualidade de mudas de Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. Foram estudadas cinco doses de cama de frango (CF): 0,00; 2,08; 4,16; 6,24 e 8,32 g kg-1 sob duas condições de sombreamento: 0% (pleno sol) e 50% de sombreamento. Aos 215 dias após o transplantio, a máxima altura da A. edulis foi 47,35 cm com 5,64 g CF kg-1 solo sob 50% de sombreamento. Mudas sombreadas tiveram maior número de folhas. A máxima área foliar e radicular foi de 796,64 e 118,83 cm2 com 5,32 g e 4,21 g CF kg-1 solo, respectivamente, ambos sob 50% de sombra. Mudas sob 0% de sombra tiveram menores índices fisiológicos. Os níveis de sombreamento não afetaram a limitação estomática, mas a CF contribuiu na eficiência fisiológica. As biomassas da parte aérea foram maiores sob 50% de sombra com maiores doses de CF. Os maiores índices de qualidade ocorreram com 3,98 e 6,28 g CF kg-1 solo sob 0 e 50% de sombra, respectivamente. Mudas de A. edulis responderam positivamente à adição de CF ao solo e apresentaram plasticidade às condições contrastantes de luz. Mudas de A. edulis produzidas em 50% de sombra com adição de 6,24 g CF kg-1 solo apresentaram maiores indicadores morfofisiológicos e qualidade de mudas. A adição de 4,32 g CF kg-1 solo contribuiu na qualidade de mudas sob pleno sol.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v27n5p375-382

Use of anaerobic filters filled with waste from the ceramics industry in swine wastewater treatment
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Monaco, Paola A. V. Lo

; Nandorf, Rodrigo J.

; Haddade, Ismail R.

; Alves, Débora G.

; Mattedi, Lillya

; Vieira, Gustavo H. S.

Revista Caatinga

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Mar 2023, Volumen 36 Nº 1 Paginas 226 - 233

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Research on the use of anaerobic filters as an alternative material to gravel is fundamental, especially if they are low cost and highly efficient in the treatment of swine wastewater (SWW). This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of anaerobic filters filled with waste from the ceramic industry (WCI) as an alternative material to gravel in swine wastewater treatment. The experimental set-up consisted of three anaerobic polyvinyl chloride filters filled with WCI. A randomized block experimental design was used, with four treatments (evaluations of effects at 30, 60, 90, and 120 days) and three blocks, in a scheme of repeated measures over time. The univariate procedure was employed, and we sought to evaluate only the profile of the change in each response variable, between each evaluation time point. The anaerobic filter filled with WCI is a promising option in the treatment of swine effluents from small farms, presenting over 120 days of operation and average removals of 20%–50% of the color, 40%–70% of total solids, 45%– 75% of turbidity, 45%–55% of total nitrogen, and 33%–45% of total phosphorus.

RESUMO Pesquisas utilizando filtros anaeróbios com materiais alternativos à brita tornam-se fundamentais, principalmente se forem de baixo custo e possibilitem elevada eficiência no tratamento de águas residuárias de suinocultura (ARS). Neste estudo, objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência de filtros anaeróbios preenchidos com resíduos de indústrias de cerâmica (RICs) como materiais alternativos à brita, no tratamento A bancada experimental foi constituída de 3 filtros anaeróbios de policloreto de vinila (PVC), preenchidos com RICs. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, com quatro tratamentos (avaliações dos efeitos aos 30, 60, 90 e 120 dias) e três blocos, em esquema de medidas repetidas no tempo, sendo adotado o procedimento univariado, buscando-se avaliar apenas o perfil das diferenças de cada uma das variáveis-resposta, entre cada uma das idades de avaliação. O filtro anaeróbio preenchido com resíduo de cerâmica apresenta-se como uma opção promissora no tratamento de efluentes de suinocultura de pequenas propriedades familiares, apresentando, ao longo de 120 dias de funcionamento, remoções médias de 20 a 50 % da cor, 40 a 70% de sólidos totais, 45 a 75% de turbidez, 45 a 55% de N-total e 33 a 45% de P-total.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n124rc

Anatomical and histological traits of Brycon amazonicus liver cultivated in a semi-intensive system
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Ziemniczak, H. M.

; Honorato, C. A.

; Valentim, J. K.

; Ferreira, E.

; Ferraz, H. T.

; Ramos, D. G. S.

; Vieira, N. T.

; Saturnino, K. C.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volumen 83 elocation e244784

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O trabalho objetivou avaliar a relação peso-comprimento e o fator de condição, caracterizando a biometria, anatomia, histologia e densidade volumétrica do fígado de Brycon amazonicus, em diferentes estágios de crescimento corporal. O experimento utilizou vinte espécimes em quatro fases de crescimento corporal (PI, PII, PIII e PIV) colhidos a cada 90 dias, contendo cinco espécimes, cada grupo. Os fígados foram dissecados, pesados (g) e processados rotineiramente pela técnica da hematoxilina e eosina. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, teste de correlação de Pearson e regressão linear. A equação que representou a relação peso-comprimento foi W = 0,05902 x L2,63, com crescimento alométrico negativo, mas com fator de condição relativo igual a 1,0. O fígado apresentou-se dividido em três lobos com a vesícula biliar próxima ao lobo direito e sua cor variou de vermelho claro a vermelho escuro, não variando em relação a outras espécies de peixes. A relação hepatossomática acompanhou o crescimento corporal até a fase do grupo PII e então declinou, demonstrando o comportamento de seu desenvolvimento em Brycon amazonicus. O órgão constitui-se predominantemente por hepatócitos, seguido de vasos e capilares sinusoidais, com a morfologia histológica semelhante ao de muitas espécies de peixes. Centros melanomacrófagos foram encontrados apenas nos animais mais desenvolvidos, mas em pequena quantidade, instigando o desenvolvimento de novas pesquisas sobre esta célula, nesta espécie. Desta forma, pesquisas desta natureza permitem a caracterização de espécies de peixes, auxiliando no aperfeiçoamento de métodos de criação, compreensão de processos patológicos provocados por enfermidades, e obtenção de melhor capacidade produtiva, atendendo um mercado cada vez mais exigente e próspero.

Abstract The work aimed to evaluate the weight-length relationship and the condition factor, characterizing the biometry, anatomy, histology and volumetric density of the liver of Brycon amazonicus, in different stages of body growth. The experiment used twenty specimens in four stages of body growth (PI, PII, PIII and PIV) harvested every 90 days, containing five specimens, each group. The livers were dissected, weighed (g) and processed routinely using the hematoxylin and eosin technique. The data were submitted to analysis of variance, Pearson’s correlation test and linear regression. The equation that represented the weight-length relation was W = 0.05902 x L2.63, with negative allometric growth, but with a relative condition factor equal to 1.0. The liver was divided into three lobes with the gallbladder close to the right lobe and its color varied from light red to dark red, not varying in relation to other fish species. The hepatosomatic relationship followed body growth until the PII group stage and then declined, demonstrating the behavior of its development in Brycon amazonicus. The organ consists predominantly of hepatocytes, followed by sinusoidal vessels and capillaries, with histological morphology similar to that of many species of fish. Melanomacrophage centers were found only in the most developed animals, but in small quantities, prompting the development of new research on this cell, in this species. In this way, research of this nature allows the characterization of fish species, helping to improve breeding methods, understanding pathological processes caused by diseases, and obtaining better productive capacity, serving an increasingly demanding and prosperous market.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.244784 592 descargas

Organic minerals, tributyrin, and blend of organic acids in the diet of commercial laying hens at the end of production
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Miranda, D. A.

; Moreira, L. F. S.

; de Almeida, A. A.

; Vieira-Filho, J. A.

; M., L. C.

; Valentim, J. K.

; Oliveira, H. F.

; Geraldo, A.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2023, Volumen 53 Nº 1 Paginas 8 - 16

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to evaluate the responses in performance, egg quality, and health of internal organs of laying hens of Hisex White lineage. The birds were provided with diets supplemented with organic minerals (OM) + tributyrin, associated or not with a mixture of organic acids (benzoic formic, citric, and phosphoric), compared to a control treatment containing zinc bacitracin (28 ppm). In total, 160 laying hens of the commercial Hisex White lineage of 68 w and an average weight of 1.735 ± 0.025 kg were distributed in 40 experimental plots. The study employed a completely randomized design, with five treatments and eight replications/treatment. The experimental period was divided into seven production cycles of 21 days, totalling 147 experimental days. The variables analysed were egg production and loss, feed intake, mean egg weight, egg mass, feed conversion, and internal and external quality variables of eggs. At the end of the experimental period, the final weight of the birds was measured to evaluate the relative weight of liver and kidneys. No significant effect of the treatments on the productive performance and internal and external quality of the eggs was evident. The association of organic minerals with a mixture of organic acids and tributyrin did not influence the productive performance and internal and external quality of the shell of Hisex White laying hens in the period from 68 to 89 weeks of age.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i1.02

Performance, carcass yield, and meat quality of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) fed on diets with different levels of concentrate
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Melo, S. A. F.

; Magalhães, A.L.R.

; Neves, M.L.M.W.

; DE Carvalho, F.F.R.

; Melo, A. A. S.

; Vieira, G. H. P.

; Lima, D.O.

; De Lima Júnior, D.M.

; Pessoa, R.A.S.

South African Journal of Animal Science

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2023, Volumen 53 Nº 1 Paginas 133 - 138

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of diets with increasing concentrate levels on performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of Murrah buffaloes in feedlot. Twenty-four animals, with an initial body weight of 240 ± 50.5 kg and mean age of 9 months, were distributed to four treatments: 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% concentrate. After 114 days, the animals were weighed, slaughtered, and meat quality and performance data were submitted to analysis of variance and regression. The dry matter intake and average daily gain increased linearly. The final body, hot carcass, and cold carcass weights responded linearly to increases in concentrate level. The subcutaneous fat thickness, protein, and ether extract of meat increased linearly with an increase in concentrate level. The colour parameters, cooking losses, and shear force of the meat were not affected by increasing the concentrate. The inclusion of concentrate in feedlot diets increases performance, characteristics of carcass, and meat quality of Murrah buffalo in a feedlot.

https://doi.org/10.4314/sajas.v53i1.15

Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga VIII: An updated checklist for the Serra das Confusões region with new data from Serra Vermelha, Piauí, Brazil
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Marques, Ricardo

; Garda, Adrian A.

; Furtado, Adriana P.

; Bruinjé, Andre C.

; Protázio, Arielson dos S.

; de Carvalho, Breno F.

; Vieira, Cecília R.

; Gomes, Dandara

; Pantoja, Davi L.

; Figueiredo, Diainara da S.

; Shepard, Donald B.

; Camurugi, Felipe

; Coelho, Felipe E. A.

; Magalhães, Felipe M.

; Caetano, Gabriel H. O.

; Colli, Guarino R.

; Paulino, Henrique M.

; Carvalho, Izabelle T. S.

; Graciene, Joedma

; Alvarenga, Júlio M.

; Clay, Natalie A.

; Albuquerque, Ralph L.

; Bosque, Renan J.

; Faria, Renato

; da Silveira-Filho, Ricardo R.

; Mângia, Sarah

; Cavalcante, Vitor H. G. L.

; Vieira, Washington L. S.

; da Silva, Willianilson P.

; Soares, Yan F. F.

; Mesquita, Daniel O.

Biota Neotropica

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2023, Volumen 23 Nº 4 elocation e20231520

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract It is repeatedly stressed the need to characterize the extant biodiversity in tropical ecosystems. However, inventory studies are still progressing slowly in dry ecosystems, leading to the underestimation of their true biodiversity and hindering conservation efforts. In this study, we present primary and secondary data, along with an updated list of amphibians and reptiles from two localities in the São Francisco-Gurguéia region in Piauí. Additionally, we compare the species composition between nine areas within the Caatinga, which were sampled using standardized methods over the past ten years, to examine broader spatial patterns of community composition. To survey reptiles and amphibians, we employed similar methods and sampling efforts in two areas within the Serra das Confusões National Park (SCNP) region. Our surveys recorded a total of 73 species of amphibians and reptiles, of which 24 are new distribution records for the SCNP region. Consequently, our findings increase the known herpetofauna in the region to 94 species. Despite their proximity, the two sites in the SCNP region exhibited only 42% similarity in species composition, and they differed significantly from other areas within the Caatinga. Furthermore, even the closer Caatinga areas presented differences in species composition, highlighting the necessity to evaluate biodiversity across the landscape and contribute to understanding biogeographic patterns.

Resumo É repetidamente enfatizada a necessidade de caracterizar a biodiversidade vivente em ecossistemas tropicais. No entanto, os estudos de inventário ainda estão progredindo lentamente em ecossistemas secos, levando à subestimação de sua verdadeira biodiversidade e dificultando os esforços de conservação. Neste estudo, apresentamos dados primários e secundários, juntamente com uma lista atualizada de anfíbios e répteis de duas localidades na região de São Francisco-Gurguéia, do Piauí. Além disso, comparamos a composição de espécies entre nove áreas dentro da Caatinga, que foram amostradas usando métodos padronizados nos últimos dez anos, para examinar padrões espaciais mais amplos de composição da comunidade. Para estudar répteis e anfíbios, utilizamos métodos e esforços de amostragem semelhantes em duas áreas na região do Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões (PNSC). Nossos levantamentos registraram um total de 73 espécies de anfíbios e répteis, das quais 24 são novos registros de distribuição para a região do PNSC. Consequentemente, nossos resultados aumentam a herpetofauna conhecida na região para 94 espécies. Apesar da proximidade, os dois locais na região do PNSC exibiram apenas 42% de similaridade na composição de espécies e diferiram significativamente de outras áreas dentro da Caatinga. Mesmo áreas mais próximas da Caatinga apresentaram diferenças na composição de espécies, destacando a necessidade de avaliar a biodiversidade em toda a paisagem e contribuir para a compreensão de padrões biogeográficos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2023-1520

[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio Rassi Jr., Anis Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M. Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz Correia Filho, Dalmo Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro Cunha-Neto, Edecio J. A. Ramires, Felix Bacal, Fernando Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo Martinelli Filho, Martino Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana Assis Lopes do Carmo, André Schmidt, André Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da Ianni, Barbara Maria Markman Filho, Brivaldo Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos Thé Macedo, Carolina Mady, Charles Chevillard, Christophe Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo Nery de Castro, Cleudson De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia Pisani, Cristiano do Carmo Rassi, Daniela C. Sobral Filho, Dario Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu A. Bocchi, Edimar T. Mesquita, Evandro de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda Pereira, Francisca Tatiana Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo de Lima Peixoto, Giselle Glotz de Lima, Gustavo H. Veloso, Henrique Turin Moreira, Henrique Bellotti Lopes, Hugo Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim Pinto Dias, João Carlos Bemfica, João Marcos Silva-Nunes, João Paulo Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco Lannes-Vieira, Joseli Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia V. Armaganijan, Luciana Martins, Luiz Cláudio C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique Barbosa, Marco Paulo Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio Simões, Marcos Vinicius Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe Maia Lima, Mayara T. Oliveira, Maykon Moreira Dias Romano , Minna Nitz, Nadjar de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo Vieira Alves, Renato Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo Coury Pedrosa, Roberto Aras, Roque Morais Torres, Rosália dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel Salles Xavier, Sérgio Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia B. N. Tavares, Suelene Lima Palmeira, Swamy da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago Madrini Junior, Vagner Maia da Costa , Veruska Dutra, Walderez

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Fecha de publicación: 2022-10-11

Resumen: En Pt

This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp; Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities. nbsp; Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp; The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp; The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp; Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.

Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou. A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica. Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas. A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica. A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;

https://doi.org/10.1590/SciELOPreprints.4820

ESTUDO ONE-POT DA APLICAÇÃO DO CATALISADOR DE GRUBBS DE PRIMEIRA GERAÇÃO EM REAÇÕES DE METÁTESE DA PIPERINA E EUGENOL: A INFLUÊNCIA DA LIGAÇÃO DUPLA TERMINAL
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Costa, Ana K. B.

; Fernandes, Kerlane A.

; Vieira, Vanessa B.

; França, Aline A. C.

; Lima, Wanessa A.

; Almeida, Pedro M. de

; Matos, José M. E. de

; Neto, Benedito S. L.

; Sá, José L. S.

; Martins, Francielle A.

Química Nova

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Ago 2022, Volumen 45 Nº 8 Paginas 929 - 934

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

In this paper, the piperine (PIP) and eugenol (EUG) organic compounds were used as substrates in olefin metathesis reactions catalyzed by first-generation Grubbs catalyst (G1) - [RuCl2(PCy3)2(=CHPh)], Cy is cyclohexyl and Ph is phenyl, in a one-pot system. The reactions occurred at 50 ºC, for 24, 48, or 96 h using the two substrates simultaneously in the ratio Ru:PIP:EUG of 1:1:1 and 1:10:10 mol. The results were evaluated by GC-MS, discussed in terms of the electronic and steric characteristics of the G1, and the structural proprieties of the substrates. In the Ru:PIP:EUG ratio of 1:1:1 mol, a dimeric species was observed for the olefin metathesis of EUG, in all time studied and in an additional experiment at 70 ºC for 48 h. When the Ru:PIP:EUG ratio was 1:10:10 mol, this dimer was not observed. Isomerization processes also were observed at all temperatures and catalyst:substrates ratio. The reaction yield increased with the raise of substrates amount. There was no cross-metathesis reaction. This fact was attributed to the chelating effect of the double coordination of the PIP to the catalyst.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170901

Do adolescents exposed to peer aggression at school consider themselves to be victims of bullying? The influence of sex and age
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Vieira, Marlene A.

; Handegård, Bjørn H.

; Rønning, John A.

; Duarte, Cristine S.

; Mari, Jair J.

; Bordin, Isabel A.

Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy

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2022, Volumen 44 elocation e20210219

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction Exposure to peer aggression (PA) and bullying victimization (BV) are both expressions of peer victimization. Objectives In four age-sex groups, (1) Can exposure to PA and BV be considered distinct experiences? (2) To what extent do adolescents exposed to PA consider themselves bullying victims? and (3) What is the effect on BV of the number of PA events experienced? Methods This cross-sectional study evaluated a probabilistic community-based sample of 669 adolescents (11-15 years, 51.7% girls). A three-stage probabilistic sampling plan involved random selection of census units, eligible households, and one target child per household selected. A 15-item scale investigated exposure to PA events (physical aggression, verbal harassment, social manipulation) occurring more than once in the past six months. BV occurring more than once a week or most days in the past six months was investigated after presenting respondents with a BV definition that required them to feel harmed by their victimization experiences. Results Adolescents exposed to PA and/or BV reported PA only (76.2%), BV only (4.7%), and both (19.1%). Rates of BV among those exposed to PA were as follows: 11-to-12-year-old boys (22.7%), 13-to-15-year-old boys (9.7%), 11-to-12-year-old girls (46.5%), and 13-to-15-year-old girls (13.2%). Multiple logistic regression analysis (outcome = BV) found a significant interaction between PA, age, and sex. PA events had a significant effect on BV for all except older girls. Conclusion Exposure to PA and BV are different constructs; few older boys exposed to PA consider themselves bullying victims; and older girls are less affected by PA when it comes to BV.

https://doi.org/10.47626/2237-6089-2021-0219

10.

Myxobolus spp. (Cnidaria: Myxobolidae) in the circulating blood of fishes from Goiás and Mato Grosso States, Brazil: case report
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Úngari, L. P.

; Vieira, D. H. M. D.

; Santos, A. L. Q.

; Silva, R. J. da

; O’Dwyer, L. H.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volumen 82 elocation e242823

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A mixosporidiose é considerada uma doença infecciosa causada por mixozoários pertentences ao Filo Cnidaria, Classe Myxosporea e Ordem Bivalvulida, considerados parasitos comuns de peixes de água doce e salgada, parasitando vários órgãos, principalmente as brânquias. No presente estudo, 49 espécimes de peixes pertencentes a oito gêneros: Tetragonopterus, Leporinus, Myleus, Pirinampus, Rhapiodon, Pygocentrus, Ageneiosus and Serrasalmus foram coletados e extensões sanguíneas foram feitas com a finalidade de encontrar hemoparasitos. Entretanto, mixoesporos foram observados em cinco (10.20%) espécimes de peixes, pertencentes aos gêneros Tetragonopterus, Myleus e Pygocentrus. Dois morfotipos de Myxobolus spp. foram identificados parasitando esses peixes. Normalmente, as investigações sobre mixozoários em peixes é realizada com a procura de plasmódios ou cistos nos órgãos dos peixes e observação da cavidade de órgãos. Porém, esse trabalho ressalta a importância de se examinar também o sangue desses animais, já que esses parasitos podem ocasionar patogenias severas em peixes. Sendo assim, a análise sanguínea pode proporcionar controle sanatório preventivo para peixes comerciais e evitar perdas econômicas.

Abstract Myxosporidiosis is an infectious disease caused by myxozoans of the Phylum Cnidaria, Class Myxosporea, and Order Bivalvulida, considered a common parasite in fresh and saltwater fishes that parasitize many organs, especially gills. In the present study, 49 specimens of fishes belonging to eight genera: Tetragonopterus, Leporinus, Myleus, Pirinampus, Rhapiodon, Pygocentrus, Ageneiosus, and Serrasalmus were collected and blood smears were made, fixed with absolute methanol, and stained with Giemsa 10% to survey hemoparasites. However, myxospores were found in the circulating blood of five (10.20%) fishes belonging to genus Tetragonopterus, Myleus, and Pygocentrus. Two morphological types of Myxobolus spp. were identified in all the five fish specimens analyzed. Usually, investigations on myxozoans in fish are carried out with the search for plasmodia or cysts in the fish organs and observation of the cavity of organs. Nevertheless, this study highlights the importance of also examining the blood of these animals, since these parasites can cause severe pathogenic diseases in fish. Thus, the blood analyses can proportionate preventive sanitary control for commercial fish avoiding economic loss.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.242823 825 descargas

11.

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT AND BIODEGRADABLE MULCHING IMPACT ON CARROT BIOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND YIELD
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Vieira, Joslanny H.

; Aleman, Catariny C.

; Santos, Laylton de A.

; Freitas, Elis M. de

; Caliman, Matheus A.

; Silva, Gustavo H. da

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volumen 42 Nº 5 elocation e20210210

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the biometric and productive characteristics of carrot (Daucus carota L.) under different irrigation levels and soil covers. Experiments were carried out at the Federal University of Viçosa in 2019 and 2020, to evaluate the effect of five irrigation levels (20, 40, 60, 80, and 100% of the daily irrigation depth) and soil coverings (control, plastic mulching, and paper mulching), on the variables soil moisture (U), actual water consumption (AWC), root length (R) and diameter (D), leaf height (H) and temperature (T), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), yield (Y) and dry root biomass (DB). Irrigation management was performed with tensiometers. There was no significant interaction (P < 0.05) between the factors. Irrigation significantly influenced D, H, T, NDVI, Y, and DB, while the soil cover treatment affected R, D, H, NDVI, Y, and DB. The highest yields were found in 100% irrigation (34.89 t ha-1) and with paper mulching (30.55 t ha-1). The results can guide future adaptations to the carrot production system currently in force in Brazil. As for biometric characteristics, yield, and sustainability in the use of water for irrigation were studied.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42n5e20210210/2022

12.

COVID-19 in the Perioperative Period of Cardiovascular Surgery: the Brazilian Experience
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Gomes, Walter J.

; Rocco, Isadora

; Pimentel, Wallace S.

; Pinheiro, Aislan H. B.

; Souza, Paulo M. S.

; Costa, Luiz A. A.

; Teixeira, Marjory M. P.

; Ohashi, Leonardo P.

; Bublitz, Caroline

; Begot, Isis

; Moreira, Rita Simone L

; Hossne Jr, Nelson A.

; Vargas, Guilherme F.

; Branco, João Nelson R.

; Teles, Carlos A.

; Medeiros, Eduardo A. S.

; Sáfadi, Camila

; Rampinelli, Amândio

; Moratelli Neto, Leopoldo

; Rosado, Anderson Rosa

; Mesacasa, Franciele Kuhn

; Capriata, Ismael Escobar

; Segalote, Rodrigo Coelho

; Palmieri, Deborah Louize da Rocha Vianna

; Jardim, Amanda Cristina Mendes

; Vianna, Diego Sarty

; Coutinho, Joaquim Henrique de Souza Aguiar

; Jazbik, João Carlos

; Coutinho, Henrique Madureira da Rocha

; Kikuta, Gustavo

; Almeida, Zely Sant'Anna Marotti de

; Feguri, Gibran Roder

; Lima, Paulo Ruiz Lucio de

; Franco, Anna Carolina

; Borges, Danilo de Cerqueira

; Cruz, Felipe Ramos Honorato De La

; Croti, Ulisses Alexandre

; Borim, Bruna Cury

; Marchi, Carlos Henrique De

; Goraieb, Lilian

; Postigo, Karolyne Barroca Sanches

; Jucá, Fabiano Gonçalves

; Oliveira, Fátima Rosane de Almeida

; Souza, Rafael Bezerra de

; Zilli, Alexandre Cabral

; Mas, Raul Gaston Sanchez

; Bettiati Junior, Luiz Carlos

; Tranchesi, Ricardo

; Bertini Jr, Ayrton

; Franco, Leandro Vieira

; Fernandes, Priscila

; Oliveira, Fabiana

; Moraes Jr, Roberto

; Araújo, Thiago Cavalcanti Vila Nova de

; Braga, Otávio Penna

; Pedrosa Sobrinho, Antônio Cavalcanti

; Teixeira, Roberta Tavares Barreto

; Camboim, Irla Lavor Lucena

; Gomes, Eduardo Nascimento

; Reis, Pedro Horigushi

; Garcia, Luara Piovan

; Scorsioni, Nelson Henrique Goes

; Lago, Roberto

; Guizilini, Solange

Brazilian Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery

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Dic 2021, Volumen 36 Nº 6 Paginas 725 - 735

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Introduction: We investigated the clinical course and outcomes of patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery in Brazil and who had developed symptoms/signs of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in the perioperative period. Methods: A retrospective multicenter study including 104 patients who were allocated in three groups according to time of positive real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for the SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2): group 1, patients who underwent cardiac surgery > 10 days after positive RT-PCR; group 2, patients with a positive RT-PCR within 10 days before or after surgery; group 3, patients who presented positive RT-PCR > 10 days after surgery. The primary outcome was mortality and secondary outcomes were postoperative complications, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay, and postoperative days of hospitalization. Results: The three groups were similar with respect to age, the European System of Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation score, and comorbidities, except hypertension. Postoperative complications and death were significantly higher in groups 2 and 3 than in group 1, and no significant difference between groups 2 and 3 was seen. Group 2 showed a high prevalence of surgery performed as an urgent procedure. Although no significant differences were observed in ICU length of stay, total postoperative hospitalization time was significantly higher in group 3 than in groups 1 and 2. Conclusion: COVID-19 affecting the postoperative period of patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery is associated with a higher rate of morbidity and mortality. Delaying procedures in RT-PCR-positive patients may help reduce risks of perioperative complications and death.

https://doi.org/10.21470/1678-9741-2021-0960

13.

New Potential Use of Protium spruceanum in Hyperglycemia: α-Glucosidase Inhibition and Protection against Oxidative Stress
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Amparo, Tatiane R.

; Djeujo, Francine M.

; Silva, Débora S. da

; Seibert, Janaina B.

; Rodrigues, Ivanildes V.

; Santos, Orlando D. H.

; Brandão, Geraldo C.

; Vieira, Paula M. A.

; Froldi, Guglielmina

; Souza, Gustavo H. B. de

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Oct 2021, Volumen 32 Nº 10 Paginas 1988 - 1996

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The high prevalence of diabetes and obesity encourages research for the development of α-glucosidase inhibitors from natural sources. This study evaluated the activity of fractions obtained from Protium spruceanum branches. Anti-α-glucosidase activity was investigated in vitro using 4-nitrophenyl-α-D-glucopyranoside as the substrate, while free-radical scavenging activity was evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azinobis-3-ethylbenzotiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays. Furthermore, a model of oxidative stress promoted by H2O2 in fibroblasts was employed, and cell viability was determined by sulforhodamine B. Fractions inhibited α-glucosidase activity effectively, highlighting the hydromethanolic fraction (HMF). Quercitrin, isolated from the HMF, was identified by spectroscopy and quantified by a validated high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) method and exhibited free radical scavenging activity comparable to the HMF. However, this flavonoid showed low anti-α-glucosidase effect, suggesting a synergism effect among several components of the HMF. This proposal is also supported by the docking results obtained by PyRx software. The compounds present in the HMF showed a noncompetitive inhibition at the in silico simulation. Finally, the HMF also protected fibroblasts against cell death induced by oxidative stress. This is the first evidence of the capacity of P. spruceanum branches to inhibit α-glucosidase activity and to counteract oxidative stress. These results encourage the use of this Brazilian plant against hyperglycemia-correlated diseases.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210090 55 descargas

14.

In vitro Photoprotective Evaluation and Development of Novel Nanoemulsion with Chromone Derivative
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Antunes, Amanda S.

; Gouveia, Ana Paula

; Diogo, Gabriela M.

; Taylor, Jason G.

; Sousa, Lucas R. D.

; Amparo, Tatiane R.

; Perasoli, Fernanda B.

; Santos, Orlando D. H. dos

; Cazati, Thiago

; Vieira, Paula M. A.

; Penido, Ricardo G.

; Santos, Viviane M. R. dos

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Sep 2021, Volumen 32 Nº 9 Paginas 1813 - 1821

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Chromone derivatives exhibiting high absorbance values in the UVA/UVB region were synthesized, and their photoprotective properties were evaluated. Chromones were prepared according to known literature procedures and characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry, infrared (IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The in vitro solar protection factor (SPF) was determined by the Mansur method and cytotoxicity was evaluated using the sulforhodamine B assay. Two of the chromones synthesized demonstrated suitable SPF values and displayed no cytotoxic effect towards MRC-5 human fibroblasts at the tested concentrations, indicating great potential for future in vivo assays and clinical trials. Finally, the lead compound was incorporated into a nanoemulsion. Nanoemulsions showed high droplet size homogeneity and excellent stability. Chromones bearing methoxy substituents were found to be the most promising compounds with ideal photoprotective properties desirable for utilization and incorporation in sunscreen formulations.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210072 24 descargas

15.

Procedure to detect the penetration of chlorides into carbonated concrete with silver nitrate
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Vieira Pontes, C.

; Costa Reus, G.

; Calvo, A.

; Medeiros, M. H. F.

Revista ALCONPAT

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Ago 2021, Volumen 11 Nº 2 Paginas 76 - 88

Resumen: En Es Pt | Texto: En Es Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt

Abstract The main objective of this work is to propose a standard procedure that enables the use of the colorimetric method to measure the depth of chloride penetration during inspections of concrete structures exposed to both chlorides and carbonation. To avoid the occurrence of false positive results, solutions of calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) were tested as a pretreatment. The tests were carried out on carbonated only samples, and on carbonate and chloride contaminated samples. The results show that the NaOH solution eliminates the carbonation interference. Therefore, a suitable method was found to introduce depth readings of chloride contamination in concrete field inspections.

Resumen Este trabajo tiene como objetivo principal proponer un procedimiento estándar que viabilice el uso del método colorimétrico para medir la profundidad de penetración de cloruros durante las inspecciones de estructuras de hormigón expuestas tanto a cloruros como a carbonatación. Para evitar la aparición de resultados "falsos positivos", se probaron soluciones de hidróxido de calcio (Ca(OH)₂) e hidróxido de sodio (NaOH) como pretratamiento. Las pruebas se llevaron a cabo en muestras solamente carbonatadas, y en muestras contaminadas por cloruros y carbonatadas. Los resultados muestran que la solución de NaOH elimina la interferencia de la carbonatación. Por lo tanto, se llegó a un método adecuado para introducir lecturas de profundidad de contaminación por cloruro en inspecciones de estructuras de hormigón en campo.

Resumo Este trabalho tem por objetivo principal propor um procedimento padrão para a utilização do método colorimétrico para medir a profundidade de penetração de cloretos nas inspeções de estruturas de concreto em que existe a exposição aos cloretos e à carbonatação simultaneamente. Para evitar a ocorrência de resultados "falsos positivos" foram testadas as soluções de hidróxido de cálcio (Ca(OH)₂) e hidróxido de sódio (NaOH) como tratamento prévio. Os testes foram conduzidos em amostras apenas carbonatadas e em amostras contaminadas por cloretos e carbonatadas. Os resultados mostram que a solução de NaOH elimina a interferência da carbonatação. Desse modo, chegou-se a indicação de um método adequado para introdução de leituras de profundidade de contaminação por cloretos nas inspeções do concreto em campo.

https://doi.org/10.21041/ra.v11i2.480 12 descargas

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