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au:VIEIRA, R.P.

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Comparative retinal histomorphometry and visual acuity of three bat species of the genus Artibeus (Phyllostomidae: Stenodermatinae)
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Antonio, Erivaldo A.

; Sá, Fabrício B. de

; Santos, Katharine R.P.

; Lima Junior, Nivaldo B.

; Silva, Fabricya R.

; Aguiar Júnior, Francisco C.A.

; Vieira, Jeymesson R.C.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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Nov 2020, Volumen 40 Nº 11 Paginas 933 - 945

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Este estudo realizou uma análise histomorfométrica da retina e determinou os valores de acuidade visual de três espécies de morcegos do gênero Artibeus, incluindo Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus planirostris e Artibeus obscurus. Em total, 13 animais foram usados para esse estudo, no qual as retinas foram hemidissecadas, fixadas, cortadas e coradas. A acuidade visual foi determinada pela densidade de células ganglionares na retina e também foi realizado a mensuração das camadas retinianas a partir de cortes histológicos. As retinas dessas três espécies são avasculares, não apresentaram tapetum lucidum em nenhum quadrante e possuem as 10 camadas retinianas comum em mamíferos. Verificou-se também que a espessura da retina na região central foi significativamente maior em todos os parâmetros mensurados (p<0,001), com exceção da camada plexiforme externa (OPL) que foi significativamente maior na região periférica (p<0,001). As retinas das três espécies exibiram uma especialização retiniana em forma de faixa visual horizontal apresentando a maior concentração de células ganglionares na região inferotemporal. Além disso, a espécie A. lituratus exibiu áreas extras de alta densidade celular na retina. Assim, a espécie A. lituratus exibiu a maior acuidade visual (1,92 ciclos/grau), A. planirostris mostrou um valor intermediário entre essas duas espécies (1,77 ciclos/grau) e A. obscurus exibiu a menor acuidade visual (1,50 ciclos/grau). Todas estas características estão relacionadas aos padrões de ecolocalização e hábitos alimentares de cada espécie. Portanto, pode-se concluir que os morcegos do gênero Artibeus têm um alto valor de acuidade visual em comparação com outros morcegos ecolocalizadores e todas essas diferenças devem estar diretamente ligadas à filogenia do gênero.

ABSTRACT: This study performed a histomorphometric analysis of the retina and estimated the visual acuity of three fruit-eating bats of the genus Artibeus, including Artibeus lituratus, Artibeus planirostris and Artibeus obscurus. In total, 13 animals were used for this study, in which the retinas were hemidisected, fixed, cut, and stained. The visual acuity was determined by the density of ganglion cells in the retina and the retinal layers were also measured from histological sections. The retinas of these bats are avascular, do not present tapetum lucidum in any quadrant, and have the 10 retinal layers common in mammals. Moreover, it was observed that the thickness of the retina in the central region was significantly higher in all measured parameters (p<0.001), except for the outer plexiform layer (OPL) which was significantly higher in the peripheral region (p<0.001). The retinas of the three species showed a horizontal visual streak with a higher concentration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) at the inferotemporal region. In addition, the species A. lituratus exhibited extras areas of high cell density in the retina. Thus, A. lituratus showed the highest visual acuity (1.92 cycles/degree), while A. planirostris showed a visual acuity of (1.77 cycles/degree) and A. obscurus exhibited the lowest visual acuity (1.50 cycles/degree). All these characteristics are related to the echolocation system and the eating habits of each species. Therefore, it can be concluded that bats of the genus Artibeus have a high visual acuity value compared to other echolocating bats and all these differences might be directly linked to the phylogeny of the genus.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6701 395 descargas

Comparison of different protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from reef corals
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Santos, H.F.

; Carmo, F.L.

; Leite, D.C.A.

; Jesus, H.E.

; De Carvalho Maalouf, P.

; Almeida, C.

; Soriano, A.U.

; Altomari, D.

; Suhett, L.

; Vólaro, V.

; Valoni, E.

; Francisco, M.

; Vieira, J.

; Rocha, R.

; Sardinha, B.L.

; Mendes, L.B.

; João, R.R.

; Lacava, B.

; Jesus, R.F.

; Sebastian, G.V.

; Pessoa, A.

; van Elsas, J.D.

; Rezende, R.P.

; Pires, D.O.

; Duarte, G.

; Castro, C.B.

; Rosado, A.S.

; Peixoto, R.S.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Jun 2012, Volumen 43 Nº 2 Paginas 517 - 527

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This study aimed to test different protocols for the extraction of microbial DNA from the coral Mussismilia harttii. Four different commercial kits were tested, three of them based on methods for DNA extraction from soil (FastDNA SPIN Kit for soil, MP Bio, PowerSoil DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio, and ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit, Zymo Research) and one kit for DNA extraction from plants (UltraClean Plant DNA Isolation Kit, MoBio). Five polyps of the same colony of M. harttii were macerated and aliquots were submitted to DNA extraction by the different kits. After extraction, the DNA was quantified and PCR-DGGE was used to study the molecular fingerprint of Bacteria and Eukarya. Among the four kits tested, the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit was the most efficient with respect to the amount of DNA extracted, yielding about three times more DNA than the other kits. Also, we observed a higher number and intensities of DGGE bands for both Bacteria and Eukarya with the same kit. Considering these results, we suggested that the ZR Soil Microbe DNA Kit is the best adapted for the study of the microbial communities of corals.

24569 descargas Citado 1 vez en SciELO

Effect of methylprednisolone on perivascular pulmonary edema, inflammatory infiltrate, VEGF and TGF-beta immunoexpression in the remaining lungs of rats after left pneumonectomy
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Guimarães-Fernandes, F.

; Samano, M.N.

; Vieira, R.P.

; Carvalho, C.R.

; Pazetti, R.

; Moreira, L.F.P.

; Pêgo-Fernandes, P.M.

; Jatene, F.B.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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Jul 2011, Volumen 44 Nº 7 Paginas 647 - 651

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Pneumonectomy is associated with high rates of morbimortality, with postpneumonectomy pulmonary edema being one of the leading causes. An intrinsic inflammatory process following the operation has been considered in its physiopathology. The use of corticosteroids is related to prevention of this edema, but no experimental data are available to support this hypothesis. We evaluated the effect of methylprednisolone on the remaining lungs of rats submitted to left pneumonectomy concerning edema and inflammatory markers. Forty male Wistar rats weighing 300 g underwent left pneumonectomy and were randomized to receive corticosteroids or not. Methylprednisolone at a dose of 10 mg/kg was given before the surgery. After recovery, the animals were sacrificed at 48 and 72 h, when the pO2/FiO2 ratio was determined. Right lung perivascular edema was measured by the index between perivascular and vascular area and neutrophil density by manual count. Tissue expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry light microscopy. There was perivascular edema formation after 72 h in both groups (P = 0.0031). No difference was observed between operated animals that received corticosteroids and those that did not concerning the pO2/FiO2 ratio, neutrophil density or TGF-β expression. The tissue expression of VEGF was elevated in the animals that received methylprednisolone both 48 and 72 h after surgery (P = 0.0243). Methylprednisolone was unable to enhance gas exchange and avoid an inflammatory infiltrate and TGF-β expression also showed that the inflammatory process was not correlated with pulmonary edema formation. However, the overexpression of VEGF in this group showed that methylprednisolone is related to this elevation.

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Comparação do habito alimentar de eqüídeos sob pastejo
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Zanine, A.M.

; Vieira, B.R.

; Ferreira, D.J.

; Vieira, A.J.M.

; Lana, R.P.

Archivos de Zootecnia

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Sep 2009, Volumen 58 Nº 223 Paginas 459 - 462

Resumen: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the difference among horses and mules in grazing behaviour on coast-cross pasture. A completely randomized experimental design with tree categories (horses, mares and mules) as treatments, each with seven repetitions. The experiment lasted 40 days, being 25 for animal adaptation and 15 for evaluation, that consisted of three replicates, with duration of 24 hours each, in intervals of five days. The t test showed that horses grazed less time during the day (6.38 hours) than mares (8.85 hours) and mules (7.33 hours). In relation to the total grazing time, the mules spent more time (14.77 hours), while the horses grazed during 11.60 hours. Horses stayed larger time in idling than mares and mules, emphasizing the smallest nutritional demand of horses. There was no difference between horses and mares, regarding the number of bites per minute. The mares and mules increased the time of grazing in order to reach their nutritional demands, since there was no difference in the frequency of mouthfuls.

Foi conduzido um experimento com o objetivo de avaliar as diferenças no comportamento de eqüídeos em pastagem de coast-cross. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, com três categorias (cavalos, éguas e mulas) representando os tratamentos, cada um com sete repetições. O período experimental foi de 40 dias, sendo 25 para adaptação dos animais e 15 para avaliações, que consistiram de três repetições, com duração de 24 horas cada, em intervalos de cinco dias. O teste t demonstrou que os cavalos passaram menos tempo pastejando durante o dia (6,38 horas) em relação às éguas (8,85 horas) e mulas (7,33 horas). Em relação ao tempo total em pastejo, as mulas gastaram mais tempo (14,77 horas), enquanto os cavalos pastejaram durante 11,60 horas. Os cavalos permaneceram maior tempo em ócio que as éguas e mulas, enfatizando a menor exigência nutricional dos cavalos. Não foram observadas diferenças entre cavalos e éguas, com relação à quantidade de bocados por minuto. As éguas e mulas aumentaram o seu tempo de pastejo como forma de atingir suas exigências nutricionais, já que não houve diferença na freqüência de bocados.

364 descargas

Effects of exercise training on atrophy gene expression in skeletal muscle of mice with chronic allergic lung inflammation
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Durigan, J.L.Q.

; Peviani, S.M.

; Russo, T.L.

; Silva, A.C.D.

; Vieira, R.P.

; Martins, M.A.

; Carvalho, C.R.F.

; Salvini, T.F.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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Abr 2009, Volumen 42 Nº 4 Paginas 339 - 345

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

We evaluated the effects of chronic allergic airway inflammation and of treadmill training (12 weeks) of low and moderate intensity on muscle fiber cross-sectional area and mRNA levels of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 in the mouse tibialis anterior muscle. Six 4-month-old male BALB/c mice (28.5 ± 0.8 g) per group were examined: 1) control, non-sensitized and non-trained (C); 2) ovalbumin sensitized (OA, 20 µg per mouse); 3) non-sensitized and trained at 50% maximum speed _ low intensity (PT50%); 4) non-sensitized and trained at 75% maximum speed _ moderate intensity (PT75%); 5) OA-sensitized and trained at 50% (OA+PT50%), 6) OA-sensitized and trained at 75% (OA+PT75%). There was no difference in muscle fiber cross-sectional area among groups and no difference in atrogin-1 and MuRF1 expression between C and OA groups. All exercised groups showed significantly decreased expression of atrogin-1 compared to C (1.01 ± 0.2-fold): PT50% = 0.71 ± 0.12-fold; OA+PT50% = 0.74 ± 0.03-fold; PT75% = 0.71 ± 0.09-fold; OA+PT75% = 0.74 ± 0.09-fold. Similarly significant results were obtained regarding MuRF1 gene expression compared to C (1.01 ± 0.23-fold): PT50% = 0.53 ± 0.20-fold; OA+PT50% = 0.55 ± 0.11-fold; PT75% = 0.35 ± 0.15-fold; OA+PT75% = 0.37 ± 0.08-fold. A short period of OA did not induce skeletal muscle atrophy in the mouse tibialis anterior muscle and aerobic training at low and moderate intensity negatively regulates the atrophy pathway in skeletal muscle of healthy mice or mice with allergic lung inflammation.

2805 descargas

The effect of a low dose of clenbuterol on rat soleus muscle submitted to joint immobilization
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Cancelliero, K.M.

; Durigan, J.L.Q.

; Vieira, R.P.

; Silva, C.A.

; Polacow, M.L.O.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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Dic 2008, Volumen 41 Nº 12 Paginas 1054 - 1058

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of joint immobilization on morphometric parameters and glycogen content of soleus muscle treated with clenbuterol. Male Wistar (3-4 months old) rats were divided into 4 groups (N = 6 for each group): control, clenbuterol, immobilized, and immobilized treated with clenbuterol. Immobilization was performed with acrylic resin orthoses and 10 µg/kg body weight clenbuterol was administered subcutaneously for 7 days. The following parameters were measured the next day on soleus muscle: weight, glycogen content, cross-sectional area, and connective tissue content. The clenbuterol group showed an increase in glycogen (81.6%, 0.38 ± 0.09 vs 0.69 ± 0.06 mg/100 g; P < 0.05) without alteration in weight, cross-sectional area or connective tissue compared with the control group. The immobilized group showed a reduction in muscle weight (34.2%, 123.5 ± 5.3 vs 81.3 ± 4.6 mg; P < 0.05), glycogen content (31.6%, 0.38 ± 0.09 vs 0.26 ± 0.05 mg/100 mg; P < 0.05) and cross-sectional area (44.1%, 2574.9 ± 560.2 vs 1438.1 ± 352.2 µm²; P < 0.05) and an increase in connective tissue (216.5%, 8.82 ± 3.55 vs 27.92 ± 5.36%; P < 0.05). However, the immobilized + clenbuterol group showed an increase in weight (15.9%; 81.3 ± 4.6 vs 94.2 ± 4.3 mg; P < 0.05), glycogen content (92.3%, 0.26 ± 0.05 vs 0.50 ± 0.17 mg/100 mg; P < 0.05), and cross-sectional area (19.9%, 1438.1 ± 352.2 vs 1724.8 ± 365.5 µm²; P < 0.05) and a reduction in connective tissue (52.2%, 27.92 ± 5.36 vs 13.34 ± 6.86%; P < 0.05). Statistical analysis was performed using Kolmogorov-Smirnov and homoscedasticity tests. For the muscle weight and muscle glycogen content, two-way ANOVA and the Tukey test were used. For the cross-sectional area and connective tissue content, Kruskal-Wallis and Tukey tests were used. This study emphasizes the importance of anabolic pharmacological protection during immobilization to minimize skeletal muscle alterations resulting from disuse.

3067 descargas Citado 2 veces en SciELO

Exploring the biotechnologial applications in the archaeal domain
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Alquéres, S.M.C.

; Almeida, R.V.

; Clementino, M.M.

; Vieira, R.P.

; Almeida, W.I.

; Cardoso, A.M.

; Martins, O.B.

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Sep 2007, Volumen 38 Nº 3 Paginas 398 - 405

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

As arqueas representam uma considerável fração dos procariotos nos ecossistemas marinhos e terrestes, indicando que estes organismos devem possuir um grande impacto nos ciclos energéticos. A natureza extremofílica de muitas arqueas tem estimulado intensos esforços para compreender sua adaptação fisiológica a ambientes extremos. Suas propriedades incomus as tornam uma fonte valiosa no desenvolvimento de novos processos biotecnológicos e aplicações industriais como novos fármacos, cosméticos, suplementos nutricionais, sondas moleculares, enzimas e reagentes. Na presente mini-revisão, mostramos e discutimos algumas de suas características exclusivas correlacionando-as com seu potencial biotecnológico e aplicação industrial. Os tópicos são: características das arqueas, divisão filogenética, aplicações biotecnológicas, isolamento e cultivo de novos microrganismos, genoma e metagenoma.

Archaea represent a considerable fraction of the prokaryotic world in marine and terrestrial ecosystems, indicating that organisms from this domain might have a large impact on global energy cycles. The extremophilic nature of many archaea has stimulated intense efforts to understand the physiological adaptations for living in extreme environments. Their unusual properties make them a potentially valuable resource in the development of novel biotechnological processes and industrial applications as new pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, nutritional supplements, molecular probes, enzymes, and fine chemicals. In the present mini-review, we show and discuss some exclusive characteristics of Archaea domain and the current knowledge about the biotechnological uses of the archaeal enzymes. The topics are: archaeal characteristics, phylogenetic division, biotechnological applications, isolation and cultivation of new microbes, achievements in genomics, and metagenomic.

13024 descargas Citado 1 vez en SciELO

Superalimentação e desenvolvimento do esqueleto de cães da raça Dogue Alemão: aspectos clínicos e radiográficos
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Carneiro, S.C.M.C.

; Ferreira, R.P.

; Fioravanti, M.C.S.

; Barini, A.C.

; Stringhini, J.H.

; Resende, C.M.F.

; Sommer, E.

; Oliveira, A.P.A.

; Vieira, M.S.

; Paula, W.A.

; Almeida, R.L.

; Mota, I.S.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Ago 2006, Volumen 58 Nº 4 Paginas 511 - 517

Resumen: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Estudou-se o efeito da superalimentação no desenvolvimento do esqueleto de 14 cães da raça Dogue Alemão, utilizando dieta hipercalórica (ração super-premium) associada ao método de alimentação à vontade. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois tratamentos, sendo a ração fornecida à vontade ou restrita. O consumo de alimento foi registrado diariamente e realizaram-se, mensalmente, radiografias do cotovelo e, bimestralmente, do ombro, do quadril e do carpo, visando acompanhar alterações do esqueleto, especificamente quanto ao aparecimento da osteocondrose do ombro e da metáfise distal da ulna, da osteodistrofia hipertrófica e da displasia coxofemoral (DCF). Ao final do experimento, seis cães do grupo que recebeu alimentação à vontade apresentaram-se gordos (87,7%) e um animal obeso (14,3%). Do grupo de alimentação restrita, três filhotes mostraram condição corporal ideal (42,8%), e quatro apresentaram-se magros (57,2%). O exame radiológico revelou alterações compatíveis com o diagnóstico de DCF nos dois grupos; nos alimentados à vontade, a prevalência foi de 51,1% e nos restritos, de 28,6%. A osteocondrose na metáfise distal da ulna, conhecida como retenção do núcleo cartilaginoso, foi observada apenas nos cães alimentados à vontade (57,1%). A superalimentação provocada pelo método de alimentação à vontade, associada com dieta de alta palatabilidade e alta densidade energética em filhotes da raça Dogue Alemão, induziu ao aparecimento de osteocondrose na metáfise distal da ulna e de displasia coxofemoral.

The effects of overfeeding on growing Great Dane puppies were examined by ad libitum feeding of a hypercaloric diet (super premium ration). Fourteen puppies from six litters were divided into two groups, with representation from each litter in each group. The dogs in the overfed group were provided ad libitum access to the diet from 8 AM to 6 PM daily, while the restricted group received the same feed but in amounts recommended by the manufacturer at 7 AM, 12:30 PM and 5 PM. Daily intake was individually recorded. To monitor skeletal changes due to osteochondrosis, hypertrophic osteodystrophy and hip dysplasia, elbow radiographs were taken monthly and shoulder, pelvis and corpus radiographs were taken bi-monthly. Weekly feed consumption and weight gain were greater in ad libitum than in restricted puppies (P<0.01). At the end of the experiment, 85.7% of the ad libitum group was over weight and 14.3% was obese, whereas 57.2% of restricted puppies were slim and 42.8% had ideal body weight. None of the dogs had hypertrophic osteodystrophy. Radiographic examination showed alterations compatible with hip dysplasia in both groups, but such observations were more frequent and more severe in the ad libitum group. Osteochondrosis of metaphisis distal ulna, known by the retention of cartiloginous nucleus, was observed only in the ad libitum group, at a rate of 57.1%. The thickness of the cortical and diameter of the ulna were greater (P<0.01) in ad libitum dogs than in those fed a restricted amount of the same diet. In summary, overfeeding caused by ad libitum access to a highly palatable and high energy food caused osteochondrosis and hip dysplasia in Great Dane puppies.

9602 descargas Citado 1 vez en SciELO

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) infusion has a modest and transitory effect on hypercholesterolemic subjects
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Guimarães, P.R.

; Galvão, A.M.P.

; Batista, C.M.

; Azevedo, G.S.

; Oliveira, R.D.

; Lamounier, R.P.

; Freire, N.

; Barros, A.M.D.

; Sakurai, E.

; Oliveira, J.P.

; Vieira, E.C.

; Alvarez-Leite, J.I.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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Sep 2000, Volumen 33 Nº 9 Paginas 1027 - 1036

Resumen: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is consumed extensively in Brazil. It has been believed that infusion of a powdered preparation of the fruit may reduce serum cholesterol. However, there are few documented reports on its effects on cholesterol metabolism and its possible hypocholesterolemic effect has not been proved by well-controlled studies. The aim of the present study was to observe the effects of S. melongena on the serum cholesterol and triglycerides of 38 hypercholesterolemic human volunteers ingesting S. melongena infusion for five weeks. Thirty-eight hypercholesterolemic subjects receiving either S. melongena infusion (N = 19) or placebo (N = 19) participated in two clinical experiments in which the effect of S. melongena infusion was studied with (N = 16) or without (N = 38) dietary orientation. Total cholesterol and its fractions, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins A and B were measured in blood at the beginning of the experiment and three and five weeks thereafter. No differences were observed compared to control. Intraindividual analysis showed that S. melongena infusion significantly reduced the blood levels of total and LDL cholesterol and of apolipoprotein B. After dietary orientation, no intra- or intergroup differences were seen for any of the parameters analyzed. The results suggest that S. melongena infusion had a modest and transitory effect, which was not different from that obtained with standard orientation for dyslipidemia patients (diet and physical activities).

10894 descargas Citado 7 veces en SciELO

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Glosario y ayuda para la búsqueda

Ud. puede enriquecer su búsqueda de una forma muy sencilla. Use los índices de búsqueda combinados con los conectores (AND u OR) para especificar su busca.

Por ejemplo, si desea buscar artículos acerca de
casos de dengue en el Brasil en 2015, use:
ti:dengue and publication_year:2015 and aff_country:Brasil

A continuación se muestra la lista completa de los índices de búsqueda que se pueden utilizar:

Cód. del Índice	Elemento
ti	título del articulo
au	autor
kw	palabras clave del artículo
subject	asunto (palabras del título, resumen y palabras clave)
ab	resumen
ta	título abreviado de la revista (ej. Cad. Saúde Pública)
journal_title	título completo de la revista (ej. Cadernos de Saúde Pública)
la	código de idioma de publicación (ej. pt - Portugués, es - Español)
type	tipo de documento
pid	identificador de la publicación
publication_year	año de publicación del artículo
sponsor	financiador
aff_country	código del país de la afiliación del autor
aff_institution	institución de filiación del autor
volume	volumen del artículo
issue	número del artículo
elocation	elocation
doi	número DOI
issn	ISSN de la revista
in	código de la colección SciELO (ej. scl - Brasil, col - Colômbia)
use_license	código de licencia de uso del artículo

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