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1.
Salicylic acid and proline modulate water stress tolerance in a traditional variety of cowpeas
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Jales Filho, Renato C.
; Melo, Yuri L.
; Viégas, Pedro R. A.
; Oliveira, Auta P. da S.
; Almeida Neto, Venâncio E. de
; Ferraz, Rener L. de S.
; Gheyi, Hans R.
; Carol, Pierre
; Lacerda, Claudivan F. de
; Melo, Alberto S. de
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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RESUMO Aplicações exógenas de compostos químicos estimulam modificações no metabolismo vegetal e conferem tolerância a diferentes estresses ambientais, incluindo o déficit hídrico. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do uso de ácido salicílico (AS) e prolina na redução do estresse hídrico em uma variedade tradicional de feijão-caupi em um clima típico do semiárido brasileiro. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado em esquema fatorial 2 × 4 com cinco repetições. Foram utilizadas duas lâminas de irrigação, correspondentes a 100% (W100) e 50% da evapotranspiração diária (W50) e quatro tratamentos com atenuadores: controle (água destilada), AS (550 mg L-1), prolina (690 mg L-1) e 690 mg L-1 prolina + 550 mg L-1 AS. Os elicitores promoveram alterações no metabolismo osmótico e antioxidante, o que pode contribuir para o mecanismo de tolerância das plantas de feijão-caupi sob restrição hídrica. A aplicação de ácido salicílico aumentou a síntese de osmorreguladores, a concentração de proteínas e modulou a atividade de enzimas antioxidantes em plantas de feijão-caupi sob estresse. A concentração de prolina aumentou sinergicamente nas plantas tratadas com prolina e AS, principalmente em 50% de reposição de água.
ABSTRACT Exogenous applications of chemical compounds stimulate changes in plant metabolism and promote tolerance to different environmental stresses, including water deficit. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of salicylic acid (SA) and proline (PRO) to reduce water stress in a traditional variety of cowpea in a typical Brazilian semiarid climate. A completely randomized design was used in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, with five replicates. Two irrigation regimes were evaluated corresponding to 100% (W100) and 50% of daily evapotranspiration (W50), respectively, with the addition of the following four attenuators: control (distilled water), SA (550 mg L-1), PRO (690 mg L-1), and 690 mg L-1 PRO + 550 mg L-1 SA. The treatments promoted changes in osmotic and antioxidant metabolism, which may contribute to the tolerance mechanisms of cowpea plants to water stress. The application of SA increased osmoregulator synthesis and protein concentrations, and modulated antioxidant enzyme activity in the cowpea plants under water stress. PRO concentrations increased synergistically in plants treated with PRO and SA, particularly in 50% of water replacement.
2.
Agronomic parameters of sugarcane under planting densities in different cultivation cycles
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Costa, J. E.
; Silva, J. H. B.
; Silva, I. D. N.
; Silva, G. M. L.
; Nascimento, R. R. A.
; Silva, J. S. L.
; Barbosa, J. M. S.
; Cardoso, E. V. B.
; Silva, A. V.
; Nascimento, M. A.
; Santos, J. P. O.
; Martins, A. H. P. C.
; Pereira Neto, F.
; Amorim, P. M. D.
; Silva, B. O. T.
; Almeida, L. J. M.
; Mielezrski, F.
.
Abstract Low density sugarcane plantation (LDSP) has been implemented by some sugarcane producers in Brazil, aiming to save seeds and operational costs. The study was carried out in the municipality of Areia, Paraíba, Brazil. Five planting densities were used, varying from 5 to 25 m-2 of buds arranged in randomized blocks, with four replications. Data were measured annually over three cultivation cycles (2017 to 2020), during which the field was fertilized with NPK and the harvests were carried out manually without prior burning. The lower planting density presents higher productivity only in the cane plant (101.03 t ha-1) due to the higher plant height (2.37 m) and the higher number of stalks (11 stalks m-2), suggesting that these variables are due to the greater availability of light, water and photosynthate. However, there is a drastic reduction in sugarcane yield for this lower population in the 2nd ratoon by up to 65.62%, which is correlated with number of stalks per meter. We demonstrate the agronomic viability of LDSP in the population of 10 buds m-2 in relation to conventional planting of sugarcane until the 2nd ratoon. Data are important for future studies to present additional considerations for other production factors, such as the effects of mechanized harvesting and the management of nutrients and water, assessing the sustainability of this large-scale planting system.
Resumo O método de plantio de cana-de-açúcar de baixa densidade (LDSP) vem sendo implementado por alguns produtores de cana-de-açúcar no Brasil, visando economia de sementes e custos operacionais. O estudo foi realizado no município de Areia, Paraíba, Brasil. Utilizou-se cinco densidades de plantio, variando de 5 a 25 m-2 de gemas dispostas em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os dados foram medidos anualmente ao longo de três ciclos de cultivo (2017 a 2020). Menor densidade de plantio mostrou maior produtividade (101,03 t ha-1) devido à maior altura de planta (2,37 m) e ao maior número de hastes (NS) (11 hastes m-2), sugerindo que essas variáveis são devido à maior disponibilidade de luz, água e fotoassimilados. No entanto, houve redução drástica na produtividade da cana-de-açúcar para esta população menor na 2ª soca em 65,62%, estando correlacionado com o número de colmos por metro. Demonstramos a viabilidade agronômica do LDSP em uma população de 10 gemas m-2 em relação ao plantio convencional de cana-de-açúcar até a 2ª soca. Os dados são importantes para que estudos futuros apresentem considerações adicionais sobre outros fatores de produção, como os efeitos da colheita mecanizada e do manejo de nutrientes e água, avaliando a sustentabilidade desse sistema de plantio em larga escala.
3.
ESTUDO ONE-POT DA APLICAÇÃO DO CATALISADOR DE GRUBBS DE PRIMEIRA GERAÇÃO EM REAÇÕES DE METÁTESE DA PIPERINA E EUGENOL: A INFLUÊNCIA DA LIGAÇÃO DUPLA TERMINAL
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Costa, Ana K. B.
; Fernandes, Kerlane A.
; Vieira, Vanessa B.
; França, Aline A. C.
; Lima, Wanessa A.
; Almeida, Pedro M. de
; Matos, José M. E. de
; Neto, Benedito S. L.
; Sá, José L. S.
; Martins, Francielle A.
.
In this paper, the piperine (PIP) and eugenol (EUG) organic compounds were used as substrates in olefin metathesis reactions catalyzed by first-generation Grubbs catalyst (G1) - [RuCl2(PCy3)2(=CHPh)], Cy is cyclohexyl and Ph is phenyl, in a one-pot system. The reactions occurred at 50 ºC, for 24, 48, or 96 h using the two substrates simultaneously in the ratio Ru:PIP:EUG of 1:1:1 and 1:10:10 mol. The results were evaluated by GC-MS, discussed in terms of the electronic and steric characteristics of the G1, and the structural proprieties of the substrates. In the Ru:PIP:EUG ratio of 1:1:1 mol, a dimeric species was observed for the olefin metathesis of EUG, in all time studied and in an additional experiment at 70 ºC for 48 h. When the Ru:PIP:EUG ratio was 1:10:10 mol, this dimer was not observed. Isomerization processes also were observed at all temperatures and catalyst:substrates ratio. The reaction yield increased with the raise of substrates amount. There was no cross-metathesis reaction. This fact was attributed to the chelating effect of the double coordination of the PIP to the catalyst.
4.
Art and science: impact of semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral singing on quality of life in subjects with congenital GH deficiency
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Andrade, Bruna M. R. de
; Valença, Eugenia H. O.
; Salvatori, Roberto
; Oliveira Neto, Luiz A.
; Souza, Anita H. O.
; Oliveira, Alaíde H. A.
; Oliveira, Mario C.P.
; Melo, Enaldo V.
; Carvalho, Susana de
; Sales, Neuza J
; Monteiro, Gisane C.
; Lima, José Marcel de
; Annunziato, Marcos Felipe Harder
; Mannis, Guilherme Daniel Breternitz
; Souza, Lucas E. de A.
; Goes, Yasmin D.
; Carvalho, Thayza S.
; Farias, Celiane de
; Santos, Michela P. dos
; Cardoso, Gabriela P. F.
; Sousa, Carla S. Pereira
; Santana, Julia Rodrigues
; Sales, Ester Almeida
; d’Avila, Jeferson Sampaio
; Aguiar-Oliveira, Manuel H.
.
ABSTRACT Objectives: Currently, not much is known about the interactions between voice and growth hormone (GH). We have described large kindred with isolated GH deficiency (IGHD) due to a GHRH receptor mutation, resulting in severe short stature and high-pitched voice. These IGHD individuals have little interest in GH treatment, as they consider themselves “short long-lived people”, rather than patients. Interestingly, they report normal general quality of life, but they rate their Voice-Related Quality of Life (V-RQOL) as low. Here, we assessed the social and auditory-perceptual impacts of artistic-intervention voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises (SOVTE) and choral singing, on their voices. Material and methods: Seventeen GH-naïve adult IGHD individuals were enrolled in a single-arm interventional pre-post study with 13 weekly sessions of choir singing over 90 days. Outcome measures were V-RQOL scores, self-assessment of voice, and auditory-perceptual analysis (GRBAS scale, G: grade of the severity of dysphonia; R: roughness; B: breathiness; A: asthenia; and S: strain). Results: Marked improvements in total (p = 0.0001), physical (p = 0.0002), and socioemotional (p = 0.0001) V-RQOL scores and in self-assessment of voice (p = 0.004) were found. The general grades of vocal deviation (p = 0.0001), roughness (p = 0.0001), breathiness (p = 0.0001) and strain (p = 0.0001) exhibited accentuated reductions. Conclusions: Voice therapy with semioccluded vocal tract exercises and choral training improved social impact and perceptual voice assessments in IGHD subjects and markedly improved their voice-related quality of life. This is particularly important in a setting where GH replacement therapy is not widely accepted.
5.
Anaphylactic shock with pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration due to honeybee attack in a donkey: case report
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Zache, E.
; Cajueiro, J.F.
; Andrade Neto, A.Q.
; Almeida, L.
; Colares, R.R.
; Afonso, J.A.B.
; Souza, M.I.
; Arenales, A.
.
Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia
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RESUMO Descreve-se um caso de ataque de abelha africanizada em um burro, com sinais clínicos de agitação, desidratação, mucosas oculares congestas, edema de língua, taquicardia e dispneia inspiratória, com progressão e morte. Na necropsia, foram verificados edema subcutâneo difuso grave nas regiões de face e cervical, hiperemia pulmonar difusa grave com edema abundante e sem colapso do parênquima. Microscopicamente, foram observados edema marcado difuso na derme profunda e panículo carnoso e edema alveolar difuso acentuado, com população moderada de eosinófilos predominantemente em torno de vasos de maior calibre. O diagnóstico de choque anafilático foi baseado no histórico, em sinais clínicos e em achados anatomopatológicos. Este é o primeiro relato de ataque de abelhas com infiltração eosinofílica pulmonar em um mamífero.
ABSTRACT A case of a donkey attacked by Africanized honeybee is reported here with clinical signs of agitation, dehydration, congestion of the ocular mucous membranes, tongue edema, tachycardia and inspiratory dyspnea, and progression to death. At necropsy, diffuse, severe subcutaneous edema at face and cervical regions and severe diffuse pulmonary hyperemia with abundant edema without parenchymal collapse were observed. Microscopically, marked, diffuse deep dermis and panniculus carnosus edema and marked diffuse alveolar edema, with moderate population of eosinophils predominantly around larger caliber vessels were noted. The final diagnosis of anaphylactic shock was supported by history, clinical signs, and anatomic pathology findings. This is the first report of a honeybee attack with pulmonary eosinophilic infiltration in a mammal.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12180
1 downloads
6.
How a discerning cytological examination can aid in the diagnosis of infectious diseases: case reports
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Faria, D.K.
; Almeida Júnior, J.N. de
; Faria, C.S.
; Durante, B.
; Falasco, B.F.
; Terreri Neto, E.
; Antonangelo, L.
.
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
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Infections caused by uncommon and resistant pathogens in unusual sites have been increasingly reported in medical literature. We describe four cases of rare cytological findings and clinical impact for patients. In the first case, Aspergillus sp and Pneumocystis jirovecii were observed in the bronchoalveolar lavage of a patient with severe systemic lupus. In the second and third cases, we describe the presence of Trichomonas sp and Strongyloides sp larvae in samples of pleural and peritoneal fluid, respectively. The fourth report is about a patient with a wrist subcutaneous nodule whose synovial aspiration and cytology revealed the presence of brown septate hyphae. The early identification of the infectious agent in the cytological examination was essential for the introduction and/or re-adaptation of therapy in the four cases described. Patients in this report were immunocompromised with severe comorbidities, conditions often associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x202010462
535 downloads
7.
Body self-image disturbances in women with prolactinoma
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Pereira, Helen S.
; Naliato, Erika C.
; Moraes, Aline B.
; Gadelha, Monica R.
; Vieira Neto, Leonardo
; Almeida, Renan M.
; Nardi, Antonio E.
; Violante, Alice H.
.
Objective: To evaluate body dissatisfaction and distorted body self-image in women with prolactinoma. Methods: Body dissatisfaction and distorted body self-image were evaluated in 80 women with prolactinoma. All patients were in menacme, 34% had normal body mass index (BMI), and 66% were overweight. Most patients (56.2%) had normal prolactin (PRL) levels and no hyperprolactinemia symptoms (52.5%). The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) was used to assess the patients’ dissatisfaction with and concern about their physical form, and the Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (FRS) was used to assess body dissatisfaction and distorted body self-image. The patients were divided according to PRL level (normal vs. elevated) and the presence or absence of prolactinoma symptoms. Results: The normal and elevated PRL groups had similar incidences of body dissatisfaction and distorted body self-image. However, symptomatic patients reported a higher incidence of dissatisfaction than asymptomatic patients. Distorted body self-image was less common among symptomatic patients. Conclusion: Symptomatic patients showed higher body dissatisfaction, but lower body self-image distortion. The presence of symptoms may have been responsible for increased body awareness. The perception of body shape could have triggered feelings of dissatisfaction compared to an ideal lean body. Therefore, a distorted body self-image might not necessarily result in body dissatisfaction in women with prolactinomas.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0325
680 downloads
8.
Morphophysiology of Tahiti lime grafted onto Sunki mandarin hybrids under salt stress
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Silva, Luderlândio A.
; Brito, Marcos E. B.
; Fernandes, Pedro D.
; Sá, Francisco V. da S.
; Moreira, Rômulo C. L.
; Almeida Neto, Isidro P. de
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar o crescimento e a fisiologia de combinações copa/porta-enxertos de citros irrigados com água salina até a fase de pré-floração. O experimento foi realizado em lisímetros de drenagem com capacidade de 150 dm3, em delineamento de blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 2 x 10, correspondendo a duas condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (S1 = 0,3 e S2 = 3,0 dS m-1) e dez combinações copa/porta-enxerto (nove híbridos e uma variedade comercial) enxertados com limeira acida Tahiti, com três repetições e uma planta por parcela. As mudas enxertadas foram transplantadas após um ano do semeio, sendo o estresse salino iniciado aos 15 dias após o transplantio, perdurando até o período de pré-floração, avaliando-se trocas gasosas e o crescimento. A irrigação com água salina de 3,0 dS m-1 não influencia a atividade fotossintética das combinações copa/porta-enxerto de citros estudadas até a pré-floração. O genótipo Santa Cruz limão-cravo (LCRSTC) foi mais sensível à salinidade da água de irrigação quanto ao crescimento. As combinações menos sensíveis à salinidade foram compostas pelo Tahiti enxertado com o TSKFL x (LCR x TR) - 018, TSKFL x TRBK - 011 e TSKFL x TRBK - 30.
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the growth and physiology of citrus scion/rootstock combinations irrigated with saline water until the pre-flowering stage. The experiment was conducted in drainage lysimeters with capacity for 150 dm3, in randomized block design in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme, corresponding to two electrical conductivities of water (S1 = 0.3 and S2 = 3.0 dS m-1) and ten scion/rootstock combinations (nine hybrids and one commercial variety) grafted with Tahiti lime, in three repetitions and one plant per plot. Grafted seedlings were transplanted one year after sowing, subjected to salt stress from 15 days after transplanting until the pre-flowering period, and evaluated for gas exchanges and growth. The irrigation with 3.0 dS m-1 saline water did not influence the photosynthetic activity of the studied citrus scion/rootstock combinations until the pre-flowering. The genotype Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (LCRSTC) was more sensitive to irrigation water salinity in terms of growth. The least sensitive combinations to salinity were Tahiti lime grafted onto TSKFL x (LCR x TR) - 018, TSKFL x TRBK - 011 and TSKFL x TRBK - 30.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n8p598-606
597 downloads
9.
Environment and slow-release fertilizer in the production of Euterpe precatoria seedlings
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Almeida, Ueliton Oliveira de
; Andrade Neto, Romeu de Carvalho
; Lunz, Aureny Maria Pereira
; Nogueira, Sônia Regina
; Costa, David Aquino da
; Araújo, James Maciel de
.
RESUMO O açaizeiro solteiro vem sendo demandado devido às características funcionais dos frutos e, por isso, seu plantio tem sido incentivado. Todavia, não há informações acerca do sistema de produção da muda, bem como não estão definidos o ambiente adequado e nem a quantidade de adubo que possa compor o substrato, a fim de formar uma muda sadia e vigorosa. Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito de ambientes e doses de fertilizante de liberação lenta na produção de mudas de açaizeiro. Utilizou-se delineamento em blocos casualizados, com três repetições e dez plantas por parcela. Os tratamentos foram arranjados em esquema fatorial 4 x 5, sendo quatro ambientes (20 %, 30 %, 50 % e 75 % de sombra) e cinco doses de fertilizante de liberação lenta (0,0 kg m-3; 2,5 kg m-3; 5,0 kg m-3; 7,5 kg m-3; e 10,0 kg m-3 de substrato). Foram analisados a altura da muda; diâmetro do coleto; número de folhas; massa seca das folhas, do estipe, das raízes e total; e o índice de qualidade de mudas. Houve interação significativa entre os ambientes de sombra e as doses de adubo de liberação lenta para todas as variáveis analisadas. O ambiente com 75 % de sombra proporciona mudas de melhor qualidade. O fertilizante de liberação lenta pode ser utilizado para a produção de mudas de açaizeiro solteiro em ambientes com 50 % e 75 % de sombra, sendo as doses de 4,60 kg m-3 e 8 kg m-3, respectivamente, as mais indicadas.
ABSTRACT Euterpe precatoria Mart. has been demanded due to the functional characteristics of its fruits and, therefore, its planting has been encouraged. However, there is a lack of information about the seedling production system of this palm tree. Neither a favorable environment nor the amount of fertilizer in the substrate have been defined for the production of healthy and vigorous seedlings. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of environments and doses of a slow-release fertilizer on the production of E. precatoria seedlings. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three replications and ten plants per plot. The treatments were arranged in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, with four environments (under shading levels of 20 %, 30 %, 50 % and 75 %) and five doses of a slow-release fertilizer (0.0 kg m-3, 2.5 kg m-3, 5.0 kg m-3, 7.5 kg m-3 and 10.0 kg m-3 of substrate). The seedling height; root collar diameter; number of leaves; leaf, shoot, root and total dry mass; and the Dickson quality index were analyzed. There were significant interactions between the shaded environments and slow-release fertilizer doses for all the analyzed variables. The 75 %-shaded environment yielded better quality seedlings. The slow-release fertilizer can be used to produce E. precatoria seedlings in environments under shading levels of 50 % and 75 %, being the 4.60 kg m-3 and 8 kg m-3 doses, respectively, the most recommended ones.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632018v4853294
662 downloads
10.
Salt balance in substrate cultivated with ‘Sunki’ mandarin x ‘Swingle’ citrumelo hybrids
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Almeida, Juliana F.
; Sales, Giuliana N. B.
; Brito, Marcos E. B.
; Fernandes, Pedro D.
; Soares Filho, Walter S.
; Almeida Neto, Isidro P.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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RESUMO Em fase inicial de desenvolvimento da planta, objetivou-se avaliar o balanço de sais no substrato de cultivo de 10 híbridos do cruzamento tangerineira ‘Sunki’ comum (TSKC) x citrumelo ‘Swingle’ (CTSW), todos com potencial de uso como porta-enxertos. Como testemunhas incluiu-se o limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’, a tangerineira ‘Sunki Tropical’ e o híbrido LVK (limoeiro ‘Volkameriano’) x LCR (limoeiro ‘Cravo’) - 038, somando um total de 13 genótipos avaliados. Foram coletadas amostras do substrato em experimento desenvolvido em ambiente protegido da Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal, PB, de dezembro de 2015 a junho de 2016. Foram testados dois níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (0,3 e 3 dS m-1), em esquema fatorial 2 x 13, com 4 repetições, usando-se, como substrato, a casca de pinus, o húmus e a vermiculita na proporção 1:1:1. Considerando água de irrigação com nível de salinidade 3 dS m-1, o substrato mostra-se menos salinizado em relação aos híbridos TSKC x CTSW - 044, TSKC x CTSW - 045, TSKC x CTSW - 048 e TSKC x CTSW - 049, assim como para o limoeiro ‘Cravo Santa Cruz’. Por outro lado, a maior concentração de sais foi obtida no substrato em que são cultivados TSKC x CTSW - 042, TSKC x CTSW - 047, TSKC x CTSW - 041, TSKC x CTSW - 053, TSKC x CTSW - 055 e TSKC x CTSW - 057.
ABSTRACT During initial plant development stage, an experiment was conducted to evaluate the balance of salts in the substrate used for the production of 10 hybrids from the cross between ‘Sunki’ mandarin (TSKC) and ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (CTSW), all with potential to be used as rootstock. ‘Rangpur Santa Cruz’ lime, ‘Sunki Tropical’ mandarin and the hybrid LVK (‘Volkamer’ lemon) x LCR (‘Rangpur’ lime) - 038 were included as controls, totaling 13 genotypes. Substrate samples were collected in the experiment conducted in a greenhouse at the Federal University of Campina Grande, Campus of Pombal, from December 2015 to June 2016. Two levels of irrigation water salinity were tested, using a 2 x 13 factorial scheme, with 4 replicates. The substrate was a mixture of vermiculite, pine bark and humus (1:1:1). For the salinity level of 3 dS m-1, the substrate is less salinized when cultivated with the hybrids TSKC x CTSW - 044, TSKC x CTSW - 045, TSKC x CTSW - 048, TSKC x CTSW - 049 and ‘Rangpur Santa Cruz’ lime. On the other hand, highest salt concentration was obtained in the substrate cultivated with TSKC x CTSW - 042, TSKC x CTSW - 047, TSKC x CTSW - 048, TSKC x CTSW - 053, TSKC x CTSW - 055 and TSKC x CTSW - 057.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n7p493-498
578 downloads
11.
Socioenvironmental conditions and intestinal parasitic infections in Brazilian urban slums: a cross-sectional study
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Ignacio, Caroline Ferraz
; Silva, Milena Enderson Chagas da
; Handam, Natasha Berendonk
; Alencar, Maria de Fatima Leal
; Sotero-Martins, Adriana
; Barata, Martha Macedo de Lima
; Moraes Neto, Antonio Henrique Almeida de
.
Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo
- Journal Metrics
ABSTRACT Intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) are neglected diseases with limited data regarding prevalence in Brazil and many other countries. In increasingly urban societies, investigating the profile and socioenvironmental determinants of IPIs in the general population of slum dwellers is necessary for establishing appropriate public policies catered to these environments. This study assessed the socioenvironmental conditions and prevalence of IPIs in slums of Rio de Janeiro, RJ State, Brazil. Methods A cross-sectional study covering an agglomeration of urban slums was conducted between 2015 and 2016 using participants observation, a socioeconomic survey, and the spontaneous sedimentation method with three slides per sample to analyze fresh stool specimens ( n =595) searching for intestinal parasites. Results Endolimax nana ( n =95, 16.0%) and Entamoeba coli ( n =65, 10.9%) were the most frequently identified agents, followed by Giardia intestinalis ( n =24, 4.0%) and Ascaris lumbricoides ( n =11, 1.8%). Coinfections caused by E. nana and E. histolytica/dispar and by Entamoeba coli/A. lumbricoides were significant. The use of piped water as drinking water, the presence of A. lumbricoides , and contamination with coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli were more common in major area (MA) 1. Children (0-19 years) had a greater chance of living in poverty (OR 3.36; 95% CI: 2.50- 4.52; p <0.001) which was pervasive. The predominance of protozoa parasites suggests that a one-size-fits-all approach focusing on preventive chemotherapy for soil-transmitted helminths is not appropriate for all communities in developing countries. It is important that both residents and health professionals consider the socioenvironmental conditions of urban slums when assessing intestinal parasitic infections for disease control and health promotion initiatives.
https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946201759056
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12.
QUALITY INDEX AND HARVEST MATURITY OF Eugenia cibrata FRUITS
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DINIZ, GUIOMAR ALMEIDA SOUSA
; ARAÚJO NETO, SEBASTIÃO ELVIRO DE
; NOVALLI, DHEIMY DA SILVA
; NOGUEIRA, NOHELENE THANDARA
; SILVA, IRENE FERRO DA
.
RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar e determinar o índice de qualidade e o ponto de colheita dos frutos de Eugenia cibrata. Os frutos foram colhidos aos 39; 41 e 43 dias após a antese e selecionados pelo maior tamanho. Os frutos amadurecidos na planta, por ocasião da completa abscisão, foram considerados padrão para determinar o índice de qualidade após a colheita. As análises foram efetuadas no dia da colheita e aos dois dias de armazenamento sob temperatura de 26 ± 2oC e umidade relativa de 85 - 90%. Foram determinados firmeza, número de sementes, diâmetro longitudinal e transversal, índice de formato, massa de sementes, da polpa e do fruto, acidez titulável (AT), sólidos solúveis (SS), ácido ascórbico, ratio (SS/AT ) e rendimento de polpa. O delineamento experimental foi o inteiramente casualizado, em esquema de parcela subdividida no tempo, com tratamento adicional. O fruto da E. cibrata é uma baga arredondada com índice de formato de 0,98; massa de 24,28 g, cor verde no epicarpo e branca no endocarpo. O estádio de maturação fisiológica deu-se a partir de 43 dias após a abertura da flor (antese). Frutos selecionados dentre os de maiores tamanhos também atingiram estádio de maturação fisiológica e qualidade semelhante aos frutos amadurecidos na planta. O índice de qualidade da E. cibrata, resultado da avaliação do fruto maduro, constitui de pH em 2,88; sólidos solúveis em 3,7 ºBrix; acidez titulável em 3,38% em ácido cítrico; 77,05 mg 100g-1 de ácido ascórbico, relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável (ratio) de 1,09 e rendimento de polpa em 72,01%.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to characterize and determine the quality index and the harvest maturity of Eugenia cibrata fruits. Fruits were harvested at 39, 41 and 43 days after sprouting and selected by the larger size. Fruits ripened on the plant until complete abscissions were considered standard for determining the quality index after harvest. Samples were analyzed at harvest day and at two days of storage at temperature of 26 ± 2 ° C and relative humidity of 85-90%. The following items were evaluated: firmness, number of seeds, longitudinal and transversal diameter, shape index, weight of seeds, pulp and fruit, titratable acidity (TA ), soluble solids (SS), ascorbic acid, TA / SS ratio and pulp yield. The experimental design was completely randomized in a split plot scheme in time, with additional treatment. E. cibrata fruit is a round berry with 0.98 shape index; mass of 24.28 g, green epicarp and white endocarp. The maturity stage identified as ideal for harvest occurred from 43 days after flower opening (anthesis). Fruits selected among those with larger sizes also reached physiological maturity and quality similar to those ripened on the plant. The quality index of E. cibrata is pH 2.88; soluble solids of 3.7%; titratable acidity of 3.38% in citric acid; ascorbic acid of 77.05 mg 100g-1, TA / SS ratio of 1.09 and pulp yield of 72.01%.
https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-29452017859
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13.
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FILOGENÉTICA MOLECULAR E RESISTÊNCIA ANTIMICROBIANA DE Escherichia coli ISOLADAS DE CAPRINOS NEONATOS COM DIARREIA
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Guimarães, Rodrigo Almeida
; Lugo Neto, Domingos Fernandes
; Saraiva, Mauro de Mesquita Souza
; Lima, Ricardo Pereira
; Barros, Mercia Rodrigues
; Costa, Mateus Matiuzzi da
; Oliveira, Celso Bruno
; Stipp, Danilo Tancler
.
Resumo A diarreia neonatal determina alterações significativas na conversão alimentar, resultando na queda da produtividade de caprinos. A resistência antimicrobiana em bactérias caracteriza-se como importante problema de saúde pública, assim, a Escherichia coli pode ser caracterizada como importante patógeno por expressar mecanismos de virulência responsáveis por significativas afecções clínicas em seres humanos e animais. O presente estudo avaliou a presença de E. coli em 117 amostras fecais de caprinos e analisou a resistência antimicrobiana dos isolados. Colônias sugestivas foram submetidas a testes bioquímicos, seguido de determinação do grupo genotípico e análise filogenética; posteriormente foram submetidas à prova de suscetibilidade a antimicrobianos. Foram identificados isolados de E. coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella sonnei e Enterobacter aerogenes. Isolados de E. coli foram classificados filogeneticamente em B2 (9/39), D (19/39), B1 (7/39) e A (4/29). Os fatores de virulência identificados foram K99 (04/39) e Stx (02/39). À prova de suscetibilidade antimicrobiana, os isolados foram sensíveis a Cloranfenicol, Estreptomicina, Amoxicilina e Ciprofloxacina, sendo todos resistentes à Lincomicina, Vancomicina e Penicilina. Os resultados reforçam a necessidade de estabelecimento de protocolos criteriosos para o uso de antimicrobianos, medida fundamental para o aprimoramento da sanidade dos rebanhos caprinos brasileiros.
Abstract Neonatal diarrhea determines significant changes in feed conversion, causing productivity loss in caprine herds. The antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is characterized as an important public health issue; therefore, Escherichia coli may be characterized as an important pathogen due to expressing virulence mechanisms responsible for significant clinical conditions in humans and animals. The present study evaluated the presence of E. coli among 117 caprine fecal samples and analyzed the isolates for antimicrobial resistance. Suggestive colonies were submitted to biochemical screening followed by genotypic group determination and phylogenetic analysis; further, the samples were submitted to antimicrobials susceptibility test. E. coli, Salmonella spp, Shigella sonnei and Enterobacter aerogenes were identified. E. coli isolates were phylogenetically classified as B2 (9/39), D (19/39), B1 (7/39) e A (4/29) groups. The analysis of the isolates also revealed the presence of K99 (04/39) and Stx (02/39) virulence factors. Antimicrobial susceptibility test revealed sensitive isolates to Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Amoxicillin and Ciprofloxacin, being all resistant to Lincomycin, Vancomycin and Penicillin. The results support the need of establishing restricted protocols for antimicrobial use, a fundamental procedure for health improvement in Brazilian caprine herds.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1089-6891v16i433639
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14.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
33340 downloads
15.
Determinação do tempo térmico para o desenvolvimento de mudas de eucalipto na fase de enraizamento
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Oliveira, Aline S. de
; Steidle Neto, Antonio J.
; Ribeiro, Aristides
; Rascon, Nilton Jr. L.
; Rody, Yhasmin P.
; Almeida, André Q. de
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
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O gênero Eucalyptus possui destaque em plantios florestais comerciais em virtude de apresentar crescimento rápido e ser adaptado às condições climáticas do Brasil. Dentre as fases de maior importância para produção de mudas de eucalipto via propagação vegetativa, destaca-se a de enraizamento em razão das exigências hídricas, nutricionais e de manejo, passíveis de comprometer a qualidade das mudas na crescente demanda silvicultural brasileira. Realizou-se esta pesquisa objetivando-se determinar a soma térmica para o enraizamento de estacas clonais de eucalipto (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla) e gerar equações de estimativa para o acúmulo de biomassa na mesma fase de produção, com base no conceito de graus-dia (tempo térmico). O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação climatizada no viveiro de pesquisas do Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, da Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais. No início do enraizamento a média da biomassa fresca das mudas foi de 0,76 ± 0,17 g e da biomassa seca de 0,17 ± 0,04 g. Ao final do enraizamento a média da biomassa fresca e seca das mudas foi de 1,49 ± 0,43 g e 0,21 ± 0,06 g, respectivamente. Para o enraizamento das estacas de eucalipto foram necessários 316,42 graus-dia acumulados.
The genus Eucalyptus is important in commercial forest plantations due to its rapid growth and ability to adapt to Brazilian climatic conditions. Among the most important stages for production of eucalyptus seedlings, through vegetative propagation, rooting is highlighted due to its requirements for water, nutrients and management which may compromise the quality of seedlings growing demand in Brazilian silviculture. This study aimed to determine the thermal sum to the rooting of clonal cuttings of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus grandis x E. urophylla) and generate equations to estimate the biomass accumulation in the same stage of production, based on the concept of degree-days (thermal time). The study was conducted in an acclimatized greenhouse in the Seedling Nursery of the Department of Forestry, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Minas Gerais State, Brazil. At the start of rooting, the mean fresh weight of seedlings was 0.76 ± 0.17 g and the dry biomass was 0.17 ± 0.04 g. At the end of rooting, the means of fresh and dry biomass of seedlings were 1.49 ± 0.43 g and 0.21 ± 0.06 g, respectively. For rooting of eucalyptus seedlings 316.42 degree-days were necessary.
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