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Fertility and carbon stock in pasture and forest environments in the Southern Amazon
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Silva, Fernando L.

; Silva, Marcus H. M. e

; S. Oliveira-Júnior, Ernandes

; López-Alonso, Marta

; Pierangeli, Maria A. P.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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2024, Volume 28 N. 1 elocation e270888

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Inadequate management of pasture soils in the Amazon has resulted in a predominance of degraded pastures. Considering the natural characteristics of this region can favor more appropriate strategies for sustainability, the objective of this study was to evaluate the differences in the chemical and physical attributes of pasture and forest soils in the Southern Amazon and to identify the most sensitive attributes of their fertility. Additionally, this study suggests appropriate management practices for sustainable pastures. Soil samples from the 0 to 0.20 m layer were analyzed to determine pH, exchangeable bases (calcium, magnesium, and potassium), exchangeable aluminum, potential acidity, phosphorus, organic carbon, bulk density, and texture. Pasture soils had a higher pH, calcium content, and bulk density than forest soils. However, the pasture soils had lower phosphorus and organic matter content. The soil organic carbon stocks were also lower in pasture soils, with levels 0.8 to 12 Mg ha-1 lower than in forest soils. The fertility attributes most sensitive to soil management in these pastures were phosphorus, pH, organic carbon, and bulk density. The lack of nutrients and soil and water conservation practices have contributed to the degradation of these pastures. Therefore, the recommended management for these pastures should aim to improve the organic matter content, reduce compaction, and replenish and cycle nutrients.

RESUMO O manejo inadequado de solos de pastagens na Amazônia resulta em predomínio de pastagens degradadas. Considerando as características naturais dessa região pode favorecer estratégias mais adequadas para sua sustentabilidade, o objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar as diferenças de atributos químicos e físicos de solos de pastagens e florestas no sul da Amazônia e identificar os atributos mais sensíveis de sua fertilidade. Além disso, sugerir práticas de manejo mais adequadas para essas pastagens em direção à sustentabilidade. Amostras de solo da camada de 0 a 0,20 m foram analisadas para determinação de pH, bases trocáveis (cálcio, magnésio e potássio), alumínio trocável, acidez potencial, fósforo, carbono orgânico, densidade aparente e textura. Os solos de pastagem tiveram maior pH, cálcio e densidade aparente do que os solos de floresta. No entanto, os solos de pastagem apresentaram menores teores de fósforo e matéria orgânica. Os estoques de carbono orgânico do solo também foram menores nas pastagens, com teores de 0,8 a 12 Mg ha-1 inferiores aos solos da floresta. Os atributos de fertilidade mais sensíveis ao manejo do solo nessas pastagens foram fósforo, pH, carbono orgânico e densidade aparente. A carência de nutrientes e de práticas de conservação do solo e da água têm contribuído para o estado de degradação dessas pastagens. Portanto, o manejo recomendado para essas pastagens deve visar a melhoria da matéria orgânica, redução da compactação, além da reposição e ciclagem de nutrientes.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v28n1e270888

Relación de fatiga y consumo de alcohol en conductores de carga pesada
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García-Perales, Laura Alicia

; López-García, Karla Selene

; Alonso-Castillo, María Magdalena

; Méndez-Ruiz, Martha Dalila

; Villegas-Pantoja, Miguel A.

Sanus

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dec 2023, Volume 8 elocation e330

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Introducción: La fatiga, sensación integrada por síntomas físicos, mentales y neurosensoriales de agotamiento, cansancio y falta de energía, puede ser un condicionante que incremente la vulnerabilidad en la población laboralmente activa para adquirir conductas nocivas como el consumo de alcohol, especialmente en conductores de carga pesada. Objetivo: Identificar la relación de la fatiga y el consumo de alcohol en conductores de carga pesada de Nuevo Laredo, frontera norte de México. Metodología: Estudio transversal, con diseño descriptivo-correlacional, en una muestra de 224 conductores seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico. Se incluyeron participantes laboralmente activos y que condujeran camiones de quinta rueda, y se excluyeron a quienes no cumplieran con el llenado completo de los cuestionarios. Se aplicó una Cédula de Datos Sociodemográficos, la Prueba de Síntomas Subjetivos de Fatiga y la Prueba AUDIT. Se garantizó la confidencialidad y anonimato de los participantes. Los datos fueron procesados a través del paquete estadístico SPSS versión 24.0, mediante análisis inferencial no paramétrico. Resultados: Prevalecieron los conductores con fatiga baja 87.1 %, y quienes tenían un consumo riesgoso 58.0 %, y un consumo dependiente 23.2 %. Se identificó una relación positiva estadísticamente significativa entre fatiga y consumo de alcohol de los conductores con r s = .230, p = .001. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos indican que a mayor fatiga mayor consumo de alcohol en los conductores de carga pesada, lo cual pone en evidencia la necesidad del diseño e implementación de intervenciones eficaces y oportunas de enfermería que contribuyan a disminuir conductas de riesgo para la salud.

Abstract Introduction: Fatigue, a feeling integrated by physical, mental and neurosensorial symptoms of exhaustion, tiredness and lack of energy, can be a conditioning factor that increases the vulnerability of the working population to acquire harmful behaviors such as alcohol consumption, especially in heavy truck drivers. Objective: To identify the relationship between fatigue and alcohol consumption in heavy truck drivers in Nuevo Laredo, northern border of Mexico. Methodology: Cross-sectional study, with descriptive-correlational design, in a sample of 224 drivers selected by non-probabilistic sampling. Participants who were active at work and who drove fifth-wheel trucks were included, and those who did not complete the questionnaires were excluded. A Sociodemographic Data Questionnaire, the Subjective Symptoms of Fatigue Test and the AUDIT Test were applied. The confidentiality and anonymity of the participants was guaranteed. The data were processed using the SPSS statistical package version 24.0, by means of nonparametric inferential analysis. Results: Drivers with low fatigue 87.1% prevailed, and those with risky consumption, that is, 58.0%, which were followed by dependent consumption, that is, 23.2%. A statistically significant positive relationship was identified between driver fatigue and alcohol consumption with rs = .230, p = .001. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the greater the fatigue, the greater the alcohol consumption in heavy truck drivers, which highlights the need for the design and implementation of effective and timely nursing interventions that contribute to reduce health risk behaviors

Abstrato Introdução: A fadiga, uma sensação integrada por sintomas físicos, mentais e neurosensoriais de exaustão, cansaço e falta de energia, pode ser um factor condicionante que aumenta a vulnerabilidade da população activa à aquisição de comportamentos nocivos, tais como o consumo de álcool, especialmente em condutores de veículos pesados. Objetivo: Identificar a relação entre o cansaço e o consumo de álcool em condutores pesados em Nuevo Laredo, na fronteira norte do México. Metodologia: Estudo transversal, com um desenho descritivo-correlacional, numa amostra de 224 condutores seleccionados por amostragem não probabilística. Foram incluídos os participantes que estavam activos no trabalho e que conduziam camiões de quinta-roda, e foram excluídos os que não preenchiam os questionários. Foi administrado um Questionário de Dados Sociodemográficos, o Teste dos Sintomas Subjectivos de Fadiga e o Teste de AUDIT. A confidencialidade e o anonimato dos participantes foram garantida. Os dados foram processados utilizando o pacote estatístico SPSS versão 24.0, por meio de análise inferencial não paramétrica. Resultados: Prevaleceram os condutores com baixa fadiga 87,1%, e os com consumo de risco, ou seja, 58,0%, a que se seguiu o consumo dependente, ou seja, 23,2%. Uma relação positiva estatisticamente significativa entre a fadiga do condutor e o consumo de álcool foi identificada com rs = .230, p = .001. Conclusões: Os resultados indicam que quanto maior é a fadiga, maior é o consumo de álcool nos motoristas de pesados, o que realça a necessidade de conceber e implementar intervenções de enfermagem eficazes e atempadas que contribuam para reduzir os comportamentos de risco para a saúde.

https://doi.org/10.36789/revsanus.vi1.330

Third National Registry of Cardiac Rehabilitation Programs in Mexico (RENAPREC III-2022)
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Lara-Vargas, Jorge A.

; Ilarraza-Lomelí, Hermes

; García-Saldivia, Marianna

; Pineda-García, Alfredo D.

; Leyva-Valadez, Eduardo A.

; Justiniano-Cordero, Samuel

; Sahagún-Olmos, Roberto

; Zavala-Ramírez, Juana

; Cassaigne-Guasco, María E.

; Sánchez-Limón, Edgar-F

; Castañeda-López, Javier

; Cerón-Enríquez, Norma

; Ku-González, Andrés

; Arteaga-Martínez, Rodolfo

; Hinojosa-López, Tania

; Vergara-Guzmán, Jéssica

; Pérez-Vázquez, Daniel I.

; Gasca-Zamudio, Pedro D.

; Aranda-Ayala, Zulema L.

; Vacío-Reyes, Martha E.

; Reza-Orozco, Marco

; Alcocer-Gamboa, Miguel A.

; Hernández-González, Pedro A.

; Pérez-Reyes, Angélica A.

; Núñez-Urquiza, Juan P.

; Alonso-Sánchez, Jesús

; Franco-Valles, Sarahí

; Romo-Escamilla, Ricardo E.

; Nuriulú-Escobar, Patricia

; Serna-Santamaría, Iván

; Avilés-González, Jorge

; Salgado-Solorio, María C.

; Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Luz M.

; Mendoza-Díaz, Pedro M.

; Ávila-Estrada, Ángel

; Morales-Medina, Carlos

; Lara-Vázquez, Eduardo

; Rodríguez-Herrera, Paulina

; Galván-López, María

; Segoviano-Mendoza, Georgina

; De-la-Torre-Cruz, Fabiola

; Jiménez-Campos, Cecilia

; Ramírez-Meléndez, Alejandra

; Almaraz-Ríos, Alejandro

; González-Bonilla, Mezthly

; Rojano-Castillo, Jessica

; Rius-Suarez, María D.

Archivos de cardiología de México

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dec 2023, Volume 93 N. 4 Pages 405 - 416

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

resumen está disponible en el texto completo

Abstract Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country. Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research. Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies. Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000235

Alelopatía de Panicum maximum Jacq. sobre Euphorbia heterophylla L. y Amaranthus dubius Mart. en laboratorio
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Sánchez, Lisette Alonso

; Castellanos González, Leónides

; Ortega Meseguer, Isabel

Agronomía Mesoamericana

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dec 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 elocation 54408

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Introducción. Profundizar en los efectos alopáticos de las arvenses sobre los cultivos agrícolas y sobre otras arvenses, resulta de gran importancia para establecer estrategias de manejo. Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto alelopático de residuos de rizomas de Panicum maximum Jacq. sobre Euphorbia heterophylla L. y Amaranthus dubius Mart. en pre y pos-emergencia. Materiales y métodos. Se realizaron cuatro ensayos en diseños completamente al azar 5x5 en el Laboratorio de Sanidad Vegetal de Cienfuegos, Cuba, en el año 2020. Se evaluó la capacidad alelopática de residuos de rizoma de la planta P. maximum contra E. heterophylla y A. dubius en aplicaciones previo a la emergencia o emergencia (pre-emergencia) y después de la emergencia (pos-emergencia). Se evaluaron cinco tratamientos 0, 40, 60, 80 y 100 g de rizomas fraccionados de plantas de P. máximum por 2 kg de suelo, con cinco repeticiones (potes plásticos). Para la obtención de los rizomas, se tomaron plantas en fase de floración y fructificación a los tres meses de edad. A los 12 días desde el tratamiento se comparó el porcentaje de emergencia y/o sobrevivencia, la longitud de la radícula y del hipocótilo. Se realizaron análisis de varianzas y comparación de medias con la prueba de Tukey (p≤0,05), con el uso de SPSS (vers. 15). Resultados. Al compararse el efecto de los tratamientos contra E. heterophylla, se observó reducción significativa de la emergencia en pre-emergencia y una disminución del porcentaje de la sobrevivencia y de la longitud del hipocótilo significativas en pos-emergencia, mientras que contra A. dubius hubo una reducción de la emergencia y sobrevivencia y disminución significativa de la longitud de la radícula y del hipocótilo en pre y pos-emergencia. Conclusiones. Se verificó el efecto alelopático negativo (P<0,05) de los residuos de P. maximum sobre E. heterophylla y A. dubius.

Abstract Introduction. Delving into the allopathic effects of weeds on agricultural crops and other weeds is of great importance in establishing management strategies. Objective. To evaluate the allelopathic effect of residues from Panicum maximum Jacq. rhizomes on Euphorbia heterophylla L. and Amaranthus dubius Mart. in pre and post-emergence. Materials and methods. Four experiments were conducted in completely randomized design 5x5 at the Plant Health Laboratory in Cienfuegos, Cuba, in 2020. The allelopathic capacity of P. maximum rhizome residues against E. heterophylla and A. dubius was evaluated in pre-emergence and post-emergence applications. Five treatments were assessed: 0, 40, 60, 80, and 100 g of P. maximum plants rhizomes fractioned per 2 kg of soil, with five repetitions (plastic pots). Rhizomes were obtained from plants in the flowering and fruiting stage at three months of age. At 12 days from the treatment, the percentage of emergence and/or survival, radicle, and hypocotyl length were compared. Analysis of variance and mean comparisons using Tukey's test (p≤0.05) were performed using SPSS (vers. 15). Results. When comparing the treatment effect against E. heterophylla, a significant reduction in emergence in pre-emergence and a decrease in survival percentage and hypocotyl length in post-emergence were observed, while against A. dubius, there was a reduction in emergence and survival, and a significant decrease in radicle and hypocotyl length pre and post-emergence. Conclusions. The negative allelopathic effect (P<0.05) of P. maximum residues on both E. heterophylla and A. dubius was confirmed.

https://doi.org/10.15517/am.2023.54408

EVALUACIÓN DE LOS MODELOS DE RADIACIÓN SOLAR GLOBAL HELIOSAT-4 Y MCCLEAR EN DOS SITIOS DE ARGENTINA
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Lusi, A. R.

; Orte, F.

; Suárez, R. Alonso

; D’Elía, R.

; Wolfram, E.

Anales (Asociación Física Argentina)

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sep 2023, Volume 34 N. 3 Pages 5 - 5

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen La información de radiación solar estimada por satélite es necesaria para la evaluación del riesgo financiero de proyectos de energía solar en emplazamientos arbitrarios. Estas estimaciones deben ser evaluadas contra mediciones terrestres de calidad para asegurar la confiabilidad de la información. En este trabajo, las estimaciones 15-minutales de Irradiancia Global Horizontal (GHI) del modelo Heliosat-4 para toda condición de cielo y del modelo McClear para condición de cielo despejado fueron evaluados contra mediciones terrestres en dos estaciones de la red Saver-Net (http://www.savernet-satreps.org): Pilar (Córdoba) y Villa Martelli (Buenos Aires). La determinación de los periodos despejados se realizó a partir de las mediciones, utilizando un índice de la claridad del cielo y la variabilidad entre mediciones consecutivas a escala minutal. Se encontró un sesgo próximo a -5,5 % para el modelo Heliosat-4 en los dos sitios evaluados y de 1,15% y -0,73% para el modelo McClear en Pilar y Villa Martelli, respectivamente. Además, el desvío cuadrático medio relativo (rRMSD) para el modelo McClear arrojó un valor cercano al 2% y el modelo Heliosat-4 resultó en aproximadamente un 20 % en ambos sitios.

Abstrac Satellite-derived solar radiation information is necessary for assessing the financial risk of solar energy projects at ar-bitrary locations. These estimates must be evaluated against high-quality ground measurements to ensure the reliability of the information. In this work, 15-minute Global Horizontal Irradiance (GHI) data from the Heliosat-4 model for all-sky conditions and the McClear model for clear-sky conditions were evaluated against ground-based measurements at two Saver-Net stations (http: //www.savernetsatreps.org): Pilar (Córdoba) and Villa Martelli (Buenos Aires). Clear sky detection of the measurements was done using the modified clarity index and analysing the variability of consecutive measurements. A bias close to -5.5% was found for the Heliosat-4 model at both sites and 1.15% and -0.73% for the McClear model in Pilar and Villa Martelli, respectively. Furthermore, the relative root mean square error (rRMSD) was 2 % and 20 % for the McClear and Heliosat-4 models, respectively at both sites.

https://doi.org/10.31527/analesafa.2023.34.3.76

La gestión de la comunicación en el ciclismo profesional. El caso de la Vuelta a Asturias
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Alonso-García, Raúl

; Ballesteros-Herencia, Carlos A.

Universitas-XXI, Revista de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas

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aug 2023, N. 38 Pages 63 - 83

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract This research analyzes the communication management of the Vuelta a Asturias, one of the oldest cycling competitions on the Spanish calendar, included in the UCI Europe Tour 2.1 category. The study describes the information management of both the specialized press and cycling teams and organization. A triangulation of methods was carried out, based on a bibliographic review, to carry out a content analysis of the information published in El Comercio, La Nueva España, Marca and Ciclismo a Fondo during the days before and during the 2021 edition. The results of these first two phases were used to carry out a series of interviews with communication professionals in charge of organizing and disseminating the Asturian test. In this way, it has been possible to describe, on the one hand, how the communication management is from the cycling teams themselves and the organization of the event, and on the other, how the coverage of this event is carried out by the journalists in charge of these specialized tasks. A rapid and progressive application of new technologies by journalists and communication departments, a creative process of information disintermediation by cycling teams, the importance of generating identification processes and sports sponsorship as a key piece of information were detected.

Resumen Esta investigación analiza la gestión comunicativa de la Vuelta a Asturias, una de las competiciones ciclistas más antiguas del calendario español, incluida en la categoría UCI Europe Tour 2.1. El estudio describe la gestión informativa tanto de la prensa especializada como de equipos ciclistas y organización. Se realizó una triangulación de métodos, partiendo de una revisión bibliográfica, para efectuar a continuación un análisis de contenido de las informaciones publicadas en El Comercio, La Nueva España, Marca y Ciclismo a Fondo durante los días previos y el transcurso de la edición de 2021. Los resultados de estas dos primeras fases sirvieron para realizar una serie de entrevistas a profesionales de la comunicación encargados de la organización y difusión de la prueba asturiana. De este modo, se ha podido describir, por un lado, cómo es la gestión de la comunicación desde los propios equipos ciclistas y la organización de la prueba, y por otro, cómo se realiza la cobertura de este evento por parte de los periodistas encargados de estas labores especializadas. Se detectó una aplicación rápida y progresiva de las nuevas tecnologías por parte de periodistas y departamentos de comunicación, un creativo proceso de desintermediación informativa por parte de los equipos ciclistas, la importancia de generar procesos de identificación y el patrocinio deportivo como pieza informativa clave.

https://doi.org/10.17163/uni.n38.2023.03

Deficiencia del transportador de glucosa tipo 1: aspectos clínicos, diagnóstico y terapéutica
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Veneruzzo, Gabriel M.

; Loos, Mariana A.

; Armeno, Marisa

; Alonso, Cristina N.

; Caraballo, Roberto H.

Archivos argentinos de pediatría

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mar 2023, Volume 121 N. 1 Pages 12 - 12

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

RESUMEN El síndrome de deficiencia del transportador de glucosa tipo 1 es una enfermedad de causa genética, que involucra el gen SLC2A1. En general, se presenta durante los primeros años de vida con retraso en la adquisición de pautas madurativas, epilepsia farmacorresistente y desórdenes del movimiento. La clínica y la disminución de glucosa en líquido cefalorraquídeo permiten sospechar el diagnóstico, el cual debe ser confirmado mediante el estudio molecular del gen SLC2A1. Debido a que se trata de una enfermedad poco frecuente y de expresión clínica variable, el diagnóstico precoz suele representar un desafío para los equipos de salud. Este es importante, ya que la implementación de la terapia cetogénica logra controlar las manifestaciones clínicas y mejora el pronóstico a largo plazo. Presentamos una revisión sobre el déficit del transportador de glucosa tipo 1, que abarca sus características clínicas, bioquímicas, moleculares y terapéuticas.

https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2022-02677

DNA sequencing in the classroom: complete genome sequence of two earwig (Dermaptera; Insecta) species
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Kobayashi, Sanae

; Maldonado, Jonathan E.

; Gaete, Alexis

; Araya, Ingrid

; Aguado-Norese, Constanza

; Cumplido, Nicolás

; Díaz, Sebastián

; Espinoza, Alonso

; Fernández, Edelmira

; Gajardo, Felipe

; González-Ordenes, Felipe

; Hauyon, Khantati

; Maldonado, Piedad

; Maldonado, Rodrigo

; Pochet, Isabel

; Riveros, Aníbal

; Sandoval, Paula

; Sepúlveda-González, Ailynne

; Stuardo, Camila

; Tapia-Reyes, Patricio

; Thornton, Carolina

; Undurraga, Soledad

; Varas, Macarena

; Valdivieso, Camilo

; Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.

; Orellana, Ariel

; Montecino, Martín

; Maass, Alejandro

; González, Mauricio

; Allende, Miguel L.

; Hodar, Christian

; Irles, Paula

Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation 6

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Despite representing the largest fraction of animal life, the number of insect species whose genome has been sequenced is barely in the hundreds. The order Dermaptera (the earwigs) suffers from a lack of genomic information despite its unique position as one of the basally derived insect groups and its importance in agroecosystems. As part of a national educational and outreach program in genomics, a plan was formulated to engage the participation of high school students in a genome sequencing project. Students from twelve schools across Chile were instructed to capture earwig specimens in their geographical area, to identify them and to provide material for genome sequencing to be carried out by themselves in their schools. Results The school students collected specimens from two cosmopolitan earwig species: Euborellia annulipes (Fam. Anisolabididae) and Forficula auricularia (Fam. Forficulidae). Genomic DNA was extracted and, with the help of scientific teams that traveled to the schools, was sequenced using nanopore sequencers. The sequence data obtained for both species was assembled and annotated. We obtained genome sizes of 1.18 Gb (F. auricularia) and 0.94 Gb (E. annulipes) with the number of predicted protein coding genes being 31,800 and 40,000, respectively. Our analysis showed that we were able to capture a high percentage (≥ 93%) of conserved proteins indicating genomes that are useful for comparative and functional analysis. We were also able to characterize structural elements such as repetitive sequences and non-coding RNA genes. Finally, functional categories of genes that are overrepresented in each species suggest important differences in the process underlying the formation of germ cells, and modes of reproduction between them, features that are one of the distinguishing biological properties that characterize these two distant families of Dermaptera. Conclusions This work represents an unprecedented instance where the scientific and lay community have come together to collaborate in a genome sequencing project. The versatility and accessibility of nanopore sequencers was key to the success of the initiative. We were able to obtain full genome sequences of two important and widely distributed species of insects which had not been analyzed at this level previously. The data made available by the project should illuminate future studies on the Dermaptera.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00414-9

DNA methylation analysis identifies key transcription factors involved in mesenchymal stem cell osteogenic differentiation
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Gómez, Rodolfo

; Barter, Matt J.

; Alonso-Pérez, Ana

; Skelton, Andrew J.

; Proctor, Carole

; Herrero-Beaumont, Gabriel

; Young, David A.

Biological Research

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2023, Volume 56 elocation 9

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Knowledge about regulating transcription factors (TFs) for osteoblastogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is limited. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between genomic regions subject to DNA-methylation changes during osteoblastogenesis and the TFs known to directly interact with these regulatory regions. Results The genome-wide DNA-methylation signature of MSCs differentiated to osteoblasts and adipocytes was determined using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip array. During adipogenesis no CpGs passed our test for significant methylation changes. Oppositely, during osteoblastogenesis we identified 2462 differently significantly methylated CpGs (adj. p < 0.05). These resided outside of CpGs islands and were significantly enriched in enhancer regions. We confirmed the correlation between DNA-methylation and gene expression. Accordingly, we developed a bioinformatic tool to analyse differentially methylated regions and the TFs interacting with them. By overlaying our osteoblastogenesis differentially methylated regions with ENCODE TF ChIP-seq data we obtained a set of candidate TFs associated to DNA-methylation changes. Among them, ZEB1 TF was highly related with DNA-methylation. Using RNA interference, we confirmed that ZEB1, and ZEB2, played a key role in adipogenesis and osteoblastogenesis processes. For clinical relevance, ZEB1 mRNA expression in human bone samples was evaluated. This expression positively correlated with weight, body mass index, and PPARγ expression. Conclusions In this work we describe an osteoblastogenesis-associated DNA-methylation profile and, using these data, validate a novel computational tool to identify key TFs associated to age-related disease processes. By means of this tool we identified and confirmed ZEB TFs as mediators involved in the MSCs differentiation to osteoblasts and adipocytes, and obesity-related bone adiposity.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-023-00417-6

10.

Unintentional Injuries: It's Time to Think About Them
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PÉREZ, MIGUEL A.

; SMITH, JENETTE L.

; ALONSO, LUZ MARINA

; PEREZ, KENNETH J.

Revista Salud Uninorte

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dec 2022, Volume 38 N. 3 Pages 656 - 674

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.14482/sun.38.3.001.4

11.

Metallic elements in foliar material and fruits of three tree species as bioindicators
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Alonso Alcalá Jáuregui, Jorge

; Rodríguez Ortiz, Juan C.

; Filippini, Maria Flavia

; Martínez Carretero, Eduardo

; Hernández Montoya, Alejandra

; Rojas Velázquez, Ángel Natanael

; Méndez Cortés, Heriberto

; Beltrán Morales, Felix Alfredo

Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo

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dec 2022, Volume 54 N. 2 Pages 61 - 72

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la presencia de elementos metálicos en frutos y hojas de tres especies arbóreas como bioindicadoras en San Luis Potosí, México. En cinco usos de suelo (agrícola, suburbano, comercio y servicios, urbano y minero) y tomando como refe rencia la ubicación y presencia de 30 árboles de P. laevigata, S. molle y A. farnesiana. Fueron colectadas en total 90 muestras de frutos y 90 de hojas (30 por especie). Las concentraciones totales de 13 elementos metálicos se determinaron utilizando un equipo de espectrometría de masas de plasma acoplado inductivamente (ICP-MS). La especie tuvo efecto significativo en Co, As y Pb (ANOVA, p≤0,05). Considerando los usos de suelo y la especie, los niveles deter minados en hoja y fruto en las tres especies presentaron niveles suficientes y fitotóxicas en Al, Cd, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti y Cr y excesivos con posible efecto fitotóxico de As, Cu, Pb, Zn, V y Fe. A. farnesiana obtuvo las concentraciones más altas de 12 metales pesados (MP). La variación en las concentraciones totales de metales entre hoja a fruto osciló de 84.70 a 99.06%, destacando V, As y Cr. Se comprueba la funcionalidad de estas especies arbóreas como fitorremediadoras y bioindicadoras para evaluar el impacto ambiental en usos de suelo.

Abstract This study aimed to determine the presence of metal elements in fruits and leaves of three tree species as bioindicators in San Luis Potosi, Mexico. Ninety fruit and 90 leaf samples (30 per tree species) were collected at five sites (agricultural, suburban, commercial and services, urban, and mining), using the site and the presence of P. laevigata, S. molle, and A. farnesiana as references. Total concentrations of 13 metal elements were determined using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The species were significantly affected by Co, As, and Pb (ANOVA, p≤0.05). Considering the land use and the species, the contents determined in the leaves and fruits of the three species had sufficient and phyto toxic contents of Al, Cd, Co, Ni, Mn, Ti, and Cr, and excessive ranges with the possible phyto toxic effect of As, Cu, Pb, Zn, V, and Fe. The A. farnesiana had the highest concentrations of 12 heavy metals analyzed (HM). The variation in total metal concentrations between leaves and fruits ranged from 84.70 to 99.06%, with V, As, and Cr being prominent. The function ality of these tree species as phytoremediators and bioindicators is reviewed to evaluate environmental impacts on land use.

12.

Validity and reliability of simple surrogate indexes to evaluate beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity
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Romo-Romo, Alonso

; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.

; Gómez-Díaz, Rita A.

; Brito-Córdova, Griselda X.

; Gómez-Pérez, Francisco J.

; López-Carrasco, M. Guadalupe

; Almeda-Valdés, Paloma

Revista médica de Chile

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nov 2022, Volume 150 N. 11 Pages 1458 - 1466

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Antecedentes: Los índices simples subrogados (ISS) que evalúan la función de célula beta, sensibilidad a la insulina (SI) y resistencia a la insulina (RI) son herramientas sencillas y económicas que se usan en la práctica clínica para identificar alteraciones del metabolismo de la glucosa. Objetivo: Evaluar la validez y confiabilidad de ISS para estimar la función de célula beta, SI y RI usando como referencia los parámetros de la prueba de tolerancia a la glucosa intravenosa con muestreo frecuente (FSIVGTT). Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron 62 sujetos de 20-45 años, con índice de masa corporal normal y sin diabetes mellitus o prediabetes. Los ISS se compararon con la respuesta aguda de la insulina a la glucosa (AIRg), índice de sensibilidad a la insulina (Si) e índice de disposición (DI) obtenidos de la FSIVGTT en base al modelo mínimo. La mitad de los participantes (n = 31) se seleccionaron aleatoriamente para acudir dos semanas después y evaluar la confiabilidad de todas las variables. Resultados: HOMA1-%B y HOMA2-%B presentaron una correlación significativa con AIRg (Rho de Spearman (rs) = 0,33 and 0,37, respectivamente, p < 0,01). Los ISS para evaluar SI/RI que mostraron mayor correlación (rs > 0,50) con Si fueron insulina en ayuno, HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR, HOMA1-%S, HOMA2-%S, QUICKI y el índice de McAuley. Los parámetros que tuvieron buena confiabilidad (coeficiente de correlación intraclase > 0,75) fueron AIRg, HOMA1-%S, HOMA2-%S y QUICKI. Conclusiones: La mayoría de los ISS son instrumentos útiles y confiables.

ABSTRACT Background: Simple surrogate indexes (SSI) to assess beta-cell function, insulin sensitivity (IS) and insulin resistance (IR) are an easy and economic tool used in clinical practice to identify glucose metabolism disturbances. Aim: To evaluate the validity and reliability of SSI that estimate beta-cell function, IS and IR using as a reference the parameters obtained from the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT). Material and Methods: We included 62 subjects aged 20-45 years, with a normal body mass index and without diabetes or prediabetes. SSI were compared with the acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg), insulin sensitivity index (Si) and disposition index (DI) obtained from the FSIVGTT using the minimal model approach. Half of the participants (n = 31) were randomly selected for a second visit two weeks later to evaluate the reliability of all the variables. Results: HOMA1-%B and HOMA2-%B had a significant correlation with AIRg (Spearman Rho (rs) = 0.33 and 0.37 respectively, p < 0.01). The SSI evaluating IS/IR that showed stronger correlation (rs > 0.50) with Si were fasting insulin, HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR, HOMA1-%S, HOMA2-%S, QUICKI, and the McAuley index. The parameters that showed good reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) > 0.75 were AIRg, HOMA1-%S, HOMA2-%S, and QUICKI. Conclusions: Our results suggest that most of the SSI are useful and reliable.

13.

Fist report on fumagillin production by Aspergillus fumigatus sensu stricto gliotoxigenic strains recovered from raw cow milk and clinical samples in Argentina
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Alonso, Verónica A

; Manini, Marina A Velasco

; Pena, Gabriela A

; Cavaglieri, Lilia R

Revista argentina de microbiología

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sep 2022, Volume 54 N. 3 Pages 111 - 120

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En Argentina no existen reportes sobre cepas de Aspergillus fumigatus productoras de fumagilina. En este trabajo se describe el aislamiento y la producción de dicha micotoxina clínicaspor 10 cepas, provenientes del medioambiente rural y aisladas de muestras clínicas. Las cepasde origen rural fueron aisladas de vacas lecheras en tambos de la provincia de Córdoba, yalgunas de esas cepas se asociaron a casos de mastitis subclínica. Se definió la composición deun medio de cultivo para optimizar la producción de fumagilina y se desarrolló un método decromatografía HPLC para su determinación. Es conocido que, además del estado inmunitario delhuésped, la virulencia de la cepa es una de las características fundamentales que determinansu potencial patogénico y, en este sentido, la fumagilina es considerada un factor de virulencia. En el presente trabajo todas las cepas estudiadas fueron capaces de sintetizarla y la cepa A.fumigatus RC2243, proveniente de leche de una vaca con mastitis subclínica, se destacó comola cepa más productora. La existencia de cepas productoras de fumagillina representa un riesgopotencial por el pasaje de dicha micotoxina a la leche, lo cual constituye un problema para lasalud pública.

Abstract In Argentina there are no reports on Aspergillus fumigatus fumagillin-producingstrains. In this study we describe the isolation and mycotoxin production capacity of ten A.fumigatus strains isolated from farm and clinical samples. Farm strains were isolated frommilk samples taken from dairy cows in Córdoba province, some of which were associated withsubclinical mastitis. A culture medium was defined to optimize fumagillin production and adetection method was developed by HPLC chromatography. It is known that in addition to thehost immune status, strain virulence is a fundamental characteristic that will determine itspathogenicity and, in this sense, fumagillin is considered to be among the virulence factors. Inthe present work, all the strains tested for the production of fumagillin were able to synthesizeit, highlighting that the strain A. fumigatus RC2243, from a milk sample from a cow with clinicalmastitis, was the most productive. The existence of fumagillin-producing strains represents apotential risk of mycotoxins being transferred to raw milk, constituting a public health risk.

14.

Determination of the stress state prior to excavation in an underground slate mine using flat jack and numerical methods
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Alonso-Jiménez, A.

; Arlandi-Rodríguez, M.

; Lopez-Jimeno, C.

; García-Berrocal, A.

Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

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sep 2022, Volume 122 N. 9 Pages 535 - 540

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Spain is a major producer of dimension stone, which is one of the most important industrial sectors in the northwest of Spain. This justifies the maintenance of these industries, although the technical and environmental requirements for their continuity are increasingly demanding. The main target of this paper is to present a new methodology in order to obtain k-ratio stress values on the basis of flat jack measurements and finite element numerical back- analysis with Rocscience© RS2 software. Continuous iterations were performed to try to find a relationship between the k0 and the measured stress in the tunnel roof and sidewalls. It focuses on technical aspects of the method for designing mine chambers in the slate industry that were previously mined by open pit methods. The size of the chambers impacts the operating cost, and the dimensioning of a correct support ensures better efficiency and safety. Correct knowledge of the k0 therefore is critical for the design of the support. The proposed new method entails a simplification of the classical procedure for estimating the k-ratio.

https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/1916/2022 6 downloads

15.

Spatial Distribution of Droughts in the Titicaca Lake Basin
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Alonso, Wendy A.

; Lavado-Casimiro, Waldo

; Espinoza-Villar, Raúl

; Chávarri-Velarde, Eduardo

Revista Brasileira de Meteorologia

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sep 2022, Volume 37 N. 3 Pages 289 - 304

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A presente pesquisa avaliou a distribuição espacial do risco de seca na bacia hidrográfica do lago Titicaca localizada em território peruano para uma escala de distrito, com base em perigo e vulnerabilidade. O perigo foi quantificado com o déficit de precipitação usando índice de Precipitação Padronizado (SPI, por suas siglas em inglês), para uma escala de tempo de três meses; e a vulnerabilidade foi obtida de acordo com os indicadores socioeconômicas e físicas da bacia. Os resultados mostram que a seca é fortemente modulada por condições anômalas de TSM dos oceanos circundantes, principalmente pela região do Pacífico. Na Bacia do Lago Titicaca, foi identificado que aproximadamente 50% dos distritos apresentam alto a muito alto risco de seca, localizados principalmente no Noroeste, centro-leste, e centro-sul da bacia. Esses distritos apresentam um maior déficit de precipitação e apresentam indicadores mais vulneráveis ao perigo de seca devido ao facto de depender economicamente de uma agricultura de sequeiro precária e de um sistema de pecuária extensiva e mista. Nesta área estão as províncias mais importantes da região alto-andino, como Puno, San Roman, Azángaro, Melgar e Carabaya, e destacam-se distritos como Puno e Juliaca considerado o capital econômico do departamento de Puno.

Abstract The present research has assessed the spatial distribution of drought risk in the Titicaca Lake Basin located in Peruvian territory for a district scale, based on hazard and vulnerability. Drought hazard has been quantified with the deficit of precipitation using the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) for a time scale of 3-months, and the vulnerability has been obtained according to the socio-economic and physical indicators of the Basin. The results show that the drought is strongly modulated by anomalous SST conditions of the surrounding Oceans, mainly by the Pacific region. Over the Titicaca Lake Basin was identified that about 50% of districts present a high to very high risk of drought mainly, in the northwestern, central-east, and central-south of the Basin. These districts have a larger deficit of precipitation and showed indicators that are more vulnerable to the drought hazard due to that economically depends on precarious rainfed agriculture and an extensive and mixed livestock system. Within this area are the most important provinces of the high-Andean region, such as Puno, San Roman, Azángaro, Melgar, and Carabaya, and outstanding districts as Puno and Juliaca, considered the economic capital of the department of Puno.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-77863730054

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