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[SciELO Preprints] - Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy – 2024
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Fernandes, Fabio
Simões, Marcus V.
Correia, Edileide de Barros
Marcondes-Braga, Fabiana G.
Coelho-Filho, Otavio Rizzi
Mesquita, Cláudio Tinoco
Mathias-Junior, Wilson
Rochitte, Carlos Eduardo
Ramires, Felix José Alvarez
Alves, Silvia Marinho Martins
Montera, Marcelo Westerlund
Lopes, Renato Delascio
Oliveira-Junior, Mucio Tavares
Scolari, Fernando L.
Avila, Walkiria Samuel
Canesin, Manoel Fernandes
Bacal, Fernando
Bocchi, Edimar Alcides
Moura, Lídia Ana Zytynski
Saad, Eduardo Benchimol
Scanavacca, Mauricio I.
Valdigem, Bruno Pereira
Cano , Manuel Nicolas
Abizaid , Alexandre
Ribeiro, Henrique Barbosa
Lemos-Neto, Pedro Alves
Ribeiro, Gustavo Calado de Aguiar
Jatene, Fabio Biscegli
Dias, Ricardo Ribeiro
Beck-da-Silva, Luis
Rohde, Luis Eduardo P.
Bittencourt, Marcelo Imbroinise
Pereira, Alexandre
Krieger, José Eduardo
Villacorta, Humberto
Martins, Wolney de Andrade
Figueiredo-Neto, José Albuquerque de
Cardoso , Juliano Novaes
Pastore, Carlos Alberto
Jatene, Ieda Biscegli
Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri
Hotta, Viviane Tiemi
Romano, Minna Moreira Dias
Albuquerque, Denilson Campos de
Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo
Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão
Brito, Fabio Sandoli de
Caramelli , Bruno
Calderaro, Daniela
Farsky, Pedro Silvio
Colafranceschi , Alexandre Siciliano
Pinto, Ibraim Masciarelli
Vieira , Marcelo Luiz Campos
Danzmann, Luiz Claudio
Barberato , Silvio Henrique
Mady, Charles
Martinelli-Filho, Martino
Torbey , Ana Flavia Malheiros
Schwartzmann, Pedro Vellosa
Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli
Ferreira , Silvia Moreira Ayub
Schmidt, Andre
Melo , Marcelo Dantas Tavares de
Lima-Filho, Moysés Oliveira
Sposito, Andrei C.
Brito, Flavio de Souza
Biolo, Andreia
Madrini-Junior, Vagner
Rizk, Stéphanie Itala
Mesquita, Evandro Tinoco
A cardiomiopatia hipertrófica (CMH) é uma forma de doença do músculo cardíaco de causa genética, caracterizada pela hipertrofia das paredes ventriculares. O diagnóstico requer detecção por métodos de imagem (Ecocardiograma ou Ressonância Magnética Cardíaca) de qualquer segmento da parede do ventrículo esquerdo com espessura > 15 mm, sem outra causa provável. A análise genética permite identificar mutações de genes codificantes de diferentes estruturas do sarcômero responsáveis pelo desenvolvimento da CMH em cerca de 60% dos casos, permitindo o rastreio de familiares e aconselhamento genético, como parte importante do manejo dos pacientes e familiares. Vários conceitos sobre a CMH foram recentemente revistos, incluindo sua prevalência de 1 em 250 indivíduos, não sendo, portanto, uma doença rara, mas subdiagnosticada. A vasta maioria dos pacientes é assintomática. Naqueles sintomáticos, a obstrução do trato de saída do ventrículo esquerdo (OTSVE) é o principal distúrbio responsável pelos sintomas, devendo-se investigar a sua presença em todos os casos. Naqueles em que o ecocardiograma em repouso ou com Manobra de Valsalva não detecta gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), devem ser submetidos à ecocardiografia com esforço físico para detecção da OTSVE. Pacientes com sintomas limitantes e grave OTSVE, refratários ao uso de betabloqueadores e verapamil, devem receber terapias de redução septal ou uso de novas drogas inibidoras da miosina cardíaca. Por fim, os pacientes adequadamente identificados com risco aumentado de morta súbita podem receber medida profilática com implante de cardiodesfibrilador implantável (CDI).
La miocardiopatía hipertrófica (MCH) es una forma de enfermedad cardíaca de origen genético, caracterizada por el engrosamiento de las paredes ventriculares. El diagnóstico requiere la detección mediante métodos de imagen (Ecocardiograma o Resonancia Magnética Cardíaca) que muestren algún segmento de la pared ventricular izquierda con un grosor > 15 mm, sin otra causa probable. El análisis genético permite identificar mutaciones en genes que codifican diferentes estructuras del sarcómero responsables del desarrollo de la MCH en aproximadamente el 60% de los casos, lo que permite el tamizaje de familiares y el asesoramiento genético, como parte importante del manejo de pacientes y familiares. Varios conceptos sobre la MCH han sido revisados recientemente, incluida su prevalencia de 1 entre 250 individuos, por lo tanto, no es una enfermedad rara, sino subdiagnosticada. La gran mayoría de los pacientes son asintomáticos. En los casos sintomáticos, la obstrucción del tracto de salida ventricular izquierdo (TSVI) es el trastorno principal responsable de los síntomas, y su presencia debe investigarse en todos los casos. En aquellos en los que el ecocardiograma en reposo o la maniobra de Valsalva no detecta un gradiente intraventricular significativo (> 30 mmHg), deben someterse a ecocardiografía de esfuerzo para detectar la obstrucción del TSVI. Los pacientes con síntomas limitantes y obstrucción grave del TSVI, refractarios al uso de betabloqueantes y verapamilo, deben recibir terapias de reducción septal o usar nuevos medicamentos inhibidores de la miosina cardíaca. Finalmente, los pacientes adecuadamente identificados con un riesgo aumentado de muerte súbita pueden recibir medidas profilácticas con el implante de un cardioversor-desfibrilador implantable (CDI).
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a form of genetically caused heart muscle disease, characterized by the thickening of the ventricular walls. Diagnosis requires detection through imaging methods (Echocardiogram or Cardiac Magnetic Resonance) showing any segment of the left ventricular wall with a thickness > 15 mm, without any other probable cause. Genetic analysis allows the identification of mutations in genes encoding different structures of the sarcomere responsible for the development of HCM in about 60% of cases, enabling screening of family members and genetic counseling, as an important part of patient and family management. Several concepts about HCM have recently been reviewed, including its prevalence of 1 in 250 individuals, hence not a rare but rather underdiagnosed disease. The vast majority of patients are asymptomatic. In symptomatic cases, obstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) is the primary disorder responsible for symptoms, and its presence should be investigated in all cases. In those where resting echocardiogram or Valsalva maneuver does not detect significant intraventricular gradient (> 30 mmHg), they should undergo stress echocardiography to detect LVOT obstruction. Patients with limiting symptoms and severe LVOT obstruction, refractory to beta-blockers and verapamil, should receive septal reduction therapies or use new drugs inhibiting cardiac myosin. Finally, appropriately identified patients at increased risk of sudden death may receive prophylactic measure with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) implantation.
2.
Climate-smart agriculture and soil C sequestration in Brazilian Cerrado: a systematic review
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Oliveira, Dener Márcio da Silva
; Tavares, Rose Luiza Moraes
; Loss, Arcângelo
; Madari, Beata Emoke
; Cerri, Carlos Eduardo Pellegrino
; Alves, Bruno Jose Rodrigues
; Pereira, Marcos Gervasio
; Cherubin, Maurício Roberto
.
ABSTRACT Climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices, mainly no-tillage (NT), cover cropping (CC), soil fertilization with organic amendments (OA), and crop-livestock (CL) and crop-livestock-forestry (CLF) systems, has been widely adopted in areas from Brazilian Cerrado. The CSA may partly offset former soil C losses and contribute to climate change mitigation. However, contradictory findings brought uncertainties about the effect of CSA on soil C. Here, by a systematic review of 87 papers and using 621 data pairs, we provided a pervasive biome-scale analysis of soil C stock changes associated with the adoption of CSA across Brazilian Cerrado. All CSA practices evaluated showed average positive rates of C stock change, indicating a general tendency of soil C accretion after its adoption. In areas under NT, CC and CLF, greater rates were estimated for the deeper soil profile evaluated (0.00-1.00 m) (1.24 ± 0.85, 0.54 ± 0.54 and 1.00 ± 1.47 Mg ha–1 yr–1, respectively), while OA and CL showed more soil C accretion when the assessment was limited down to 0.10 m depth (0.82 ± 0.60 and 0.59 ± 0.66 Mg ha–1 yr–1, respectively). Unfortunately, the lack of basic information precluded any attempt to statically compare our estimations. In this sense, we must be cautious in stating that soil C sequestration occurs at those rates after the adoption of CSA practices. Despite these limitations, the results clearly show that the diversification and intensification of agricultural areas in the Cerrado by the adoption of CSA is a promising pathway to increase soil C stocks, and consequently, contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation. Finally, our findings emphasize the importance of efforts that stimulate farmers to adopt these practices on large scale, such as Brazil’s Low-Carbon Agriculture Plan, besides providing sound empirical evidence about the role of soil C sequestration in Brazil achieving its Nationally Determined Contributions commitments.
3.
[SciELO Preprints] - Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology on Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy
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Marin-Neto, José Antonio
Rassi Jr., Anis
Moraes Oliveira, Gláucia M.
Lemos Correia, Luís Claudio
Novaes Ramos Jr., Alberto
Hasslocher-Moreno, Alejandro Marcel
Luquetti Ostermayer, Alejandro
Sousa, Andréa Silvestre de
Amato Vincenzo de Paola, Angelo
Sobral de Sousa, Antonio Carlos
Pinho Ribeiro, Antonio Luiz
Correia Filho, Dalmo
Moraes de Souza, Dilma do Socorro
Cunha-Neto, Edecio
J. A. Ramires, Felix
Bacal, Fernando
Pereira Nunes, Maria do Carmo
Martinelli Filho, Martino
Ibrahim Scanavacca, Maurício
Magalhães Saraiva, Roberto
Alves de Oliveira Júnior, Wilson
M. Lorga-Filho, Adalberto
de Jesus Benevides de Almeida Guimarães, Adriana
Lopes Latado Braga, Adriana
Sarmento de Oliveira, Adriana
V. L. Sarabanda, Alvaro
Yecê das Neves Pinto, Ana
Assis Lopes do Carmo, André
Schmidt, André
Costa, Andréa Rodrigues da
Ianni, Barbara Maria
Markman Filho, Brivaldo
Eduardo Rochitte, Carlos
Thé Macedo, Carolina
Mady, Charles
Chevillard, Christophe
Bittencourt das Virgens, Cláudio Marcelo
Nery de Castro, Cleudson
De Paoli de Carvalho Britto, Constança Felícia
Pisani, Cristiano
do Carmo Rassi, Daniela
C. Sobral Filho, Dario
Rodrigues Almeida, Dirceu
A. Bocchi, Edimar
T. Mesquita, Evandro
de Souza Nogueira Sardinha Mendes, Fernanda
Pereira, Francisca Tatiana
Sperandio da Silva, Gilberto Marcelo
de Lima Peixoto, Giselle
Glotz de Lima, Gustavo
H. Veloso, Henrique
Turin Moreira, Henrique
Bellotti Lopes, Hugo
Masciarelli Francisco Pinto, Ibraim
Pinto Dias, João Carlos
Bemfica, João Marcos
Silva-Nunes, João Paulo
Soares Barreto-Filho, José Augusto
Kerr Saraiva, José Francisco
Lannes-Vieira, Joseli
Menezes Oliveira, Joselina Luzia
V. Armaganijan, Luciana
Martins, Luiz Cláudio
C. Sangenis, Luiz Henrique
Barbosa, Marco Paulo
Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio
Simões, Marcos Vinicius
Shikanai-Yasuda, Maria Aparecida
Vieira Moreira, Maria da Consolação
Higuchi, Maria de Lourdes
Costa Monteiro, Maria Rita de Cássia
Felix Mediano, Mauro Felippe
Maia Lima, Mayara
T. Oliveira, Maykon
Moreira Dias Romano , Minna
Nitz, Nadjar
de Tarso Jorge Medeiros, Paulo
Vieira Alves, Renato
Alkmim Teixeira, Ricardo
Coury Pedrosa, Roberto
Aras, Roque
Morais Torres, Rosália
dos Santos Povoa, Rui Manoel
Rassi, Sérgio Gabriel
Salles Xavier, Sérgio
Marinho Martins Alves , Silvia
B. N. Tavares, Suelene
Lima Palmeira, Swamy
da Silva Junior, Telêmaco Luiz
da Rocha Rodrigues, Thiago
Madrini Junior, Vagner
Maia da Costa , Veruska
Dutra, Walderez
This guideline aimed to update the concepts and formulate the standards of conduct and scientific evidence that support them, regarding the diagnosis and treatment of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, with special emphasis on the rationality base that supported it.nbsp;
Chagas disease in the 21st century maintains an epidemiological pattern of endemicity in 21 Latin American countries. Researchers and managers from endemic and non-endemic countries point to the need to adopt comprehensive public health policies to effectively control the interhuman transmission of T. cruzi infection, and to obtain an optimized level of care for already infected individuals, focusing on diagnostic and therapeutic opportunistic opportunities.
nbsp;
Pathogenic and pathophysiological mechanisms of the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease were revisited after in-depth updating and the notion that necrosis and fibrosis are stimulated by tissue parasitic persistence and adverse immune reaction, as fundamental mechanisms, assisted by autonomic and microvascular disorders, was well established. Some of them have recently formed potential targets of therapies.nbsp;
The natural history of the acute and chronic phases was reviewed, with enhancement for oral transmission, indeterminate form and chronic syndromes. Recent meta-analyses of observational studies have estimated the risk of evolution from acute and indeterminate forms and mortality after chronic cardiomyopathy. Therapeutic approaches applicable to individuals with Indeterminate form of Chagas disease were specifically addressed. All methods to detect structural and/or functional alterations with various cardiac imaging techniques were also reviewed, with recommendations for use in various clinical scenarios. Mortality risk stratification based on the Rassi score, with recent studies of its application, was complemented by methods that detect myocardial fibrosis.nbsp;
The current methodology for etiological diagnosis and the consequent implications of trypanonomic treatment deserved a comprehensive and in-depth approach. Also the treatment of patients at risk or with heart failure, arrhythmias and thromboembolic events, based on pharmacological and complementary resources, received special attention. Additional chapters supported the conducts applicable to several special contexts, including t. cruzi/HIV co-infection, risk during surgeries, in pregnant women, in the reactivation of infection after heart transplantation, and others.nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;
Finally, two chapters of great social significance, addressing the structuring of specialized services to care for individuals with the Cardiomyopathy of Chagas disease, and reviewing the concepts of severe heart disease and its medical-labor implications completed this guideline.
Esta diretriz teve como objetivo principal atualizar os conceitos e formular as normas de conduta e evidências científicas que as suportam, quanto ao diagnóstico e tratamento da CDC, com especial ênfase na base de racionalidade que a embasou.
A DC no século XXI mantém padrão epidemiológico de endemicidade em 21 países da América Latina. Investigadores e gestores de países endêmicos e não endêmicos indigitam a necessidade de se adotarem políticas abrangentes, de saúde pública, para controle eficaz da transmissão inter-humanos da infecção pelo T. cruzi, e obter-se nível otimizado de atendimento aos indivíduos já infectados, com foco em oportunização diagnóstica e terapêutica.
Mecanismos patogênicos e fisiopatológicos da CDC foram revisitados após atualização aprofundada e ficou bem consolidada a noção de que necrose e fibrose sejam estimuladas pela persistência parasitária tissular e reação imune adversa, como mecanismos fundamentais, coadjuvados por distúrbios autonômicos e microvasculares. Alguns deles recentemente constituíram alvos potenciais de terapêuticas.
A história natural das fases aguda e crônica foi revista, com realce para a transmissão oral, a forma indeterminada e as síndromes crônicas. Metanálises recentes de estudos observacionais estimaram o risco de evolução a partir das formas aguda e indeterminada e de mortalidade após instalação da cardiomiopatia crônica. Condutas terapêuticas aplicáveis aos indivíduos com a FIDC foram abordadas especificamente. Todos os métodos para detectar alterações estruturais e/ou funcionais com variadas técnicas de imageamento cardíaco também foram revisados, com recomendações de uso nos vários cenários clínicos. Estratificação de risco de mortalidade fundamentada no escore de Rassi, com estudos recentes de sua aplicação, foi complementada por métodos que detectam fibrose miocárdica.
A metodologia atual para diagnóstico etiológico e as consequentes implicações do tratamento tripanossomicida mereceram enfoque abrangente e aprofundado. Também o tratamento de pacientes em risco ou com insuficiência cardíaca, arritmias e eventos tromboembólicos, baseado em recursos farmacológicos e complementares, recebeu especial atenção. Capítulos suplementares subsidiaram as condutas aplicáveis a diversos contextos especiais, entre eles o da co-infecção por T. cruzi/HIV, risco durante cirurgias, em grávidas, na reativação da infecção após transplante cardíacos, e outros.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;
Por fim, dois capítulos de grande significado social, abordando a estruturação de serviços especializados para atendimento aos indivíduos com a CDC, e revisando os conceitos de cardiopatia grave e suas implicações médico-trabalhistas completaram esta diretriz.nbsp;
4.
Differentials in death count records by databases in Brazil in 2010
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Diógenes, Victor Hugo Dias
; Pinto Júnior, Elzo Pereira
; Gonzaga, Marcos Roberto
; Queiroz, Bernardo Lanza
; Lima, Everton E. C.
; Costa, Lilia Carolina C. da
; Rocha, Aline S.
; Ferreira, Andrêa J. F.
; Teixeira, Camila S. S.
; Alves, Flávia Jôse O.
; Rameh, Leila
; Flores-Ortiz, Renzo
; Leyland, Alastair
; Dundas, Ruth
; Barreto, Maurício L.
; Ichihara, Maria Yury Travassos
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To compare the death counts from three sources of information on mortality available in Brazil in 2010, the Mortality Information System (SIM - Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade ), Civil Registration Statistic System (RC - Sistema de Estatísticas de Resgistro Civil ), and the 2010 Demographic Census at various geographical levels, and to confirm the association between municipal socioeconomic characteristics and the source which showed the highest death count. METHODS This is a descriptive and comparative study of raw data on deaths in the SIM, RC and 2010 Census databases, the latter held in Brazilian states and municipalities between August 2009 and July 2010. The percentage of municipalities was confirmed by the database showing the highest death count. The association between the source of the highest death count and socioeconomic indicators - the Índice de Privação Brasileiro (IBP – Brazilian Deprivation Index) and Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IHDM – Municipal Human Development Index) - was performed by bivariate choropleth and Moran Local Index of Spatial Association (LISA) cluster maps. RESULTS Confirmed that the SIM is the database with the highest number of deaths counted for all Brazilian macroregions, except the North, in which the highest coverage was from the 2010 Census. Based on the indicators proposed, in general, the Census showed a higher coverage of deaths than the SIM and the RC in the most deprived (highest IBP values) and less developed municipalities (lowest IDHM values) in the country. CONCLUSION The results highlight regional inequalities in how the databases chosen for this study cover death records, and the importance of maintaining the issue of mortality on the basic census questionnaire.
5.
Differentials in death count records by databases in Brazil in 2010
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Diógenes, Victor Hugo Dias
; Pinto Júnior, Elzo Pereira
; Gonzaga, Marcos Roberto
; Queiroz, Bernardo Lanza
; Lima, Everton E. C.
; Costa, Lilia Carolina C. da
; Rocha, Aline S.
; Ferreira, Andrêa J. F.
; Teixeira, Camila S. S.
; Alves, Flávia Jôse O.
; Rameh, Leila
; Flores-Ortiz, Renzo
; Leyland, Alastair
; Dundas, Ruth
; Barreto, Maurício L.
; Ichihara, Maria Yury Travassos
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To compare the death counts from three sources of information on mortality available in Brazil in 2010, the Mortality Information System (SIM - Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade ), Civil Registration Statistic System (RC - Sistema de Estatísticas de Resgistro Civil ), and the 2010 Demographic Census at various geographical levels, and to confirm the association between municipal socioeconomic characteristics and the source which showed the highest death count. METHODS This is a descriptive and comparative study of raw data on deaths in the SIM, RC and 2010 Census databases, the latter held in Brazilian states and municipalities between August 2009 and July 2010. The percentage of municipalities was confirmed by the database showing the highest death count. The association between the source of the highest death count and socioeconomic indicators - the Índice de Privação Brasileiro (IBP – Brazilian Deprivation Index) and Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano Municipal (IHDM – Municipal Human Development Index) - was performed by bivariate choropleth and Moran Local Index of Spatial Association (LISA) cluster maps. RESULTS Confirmed that the SIM is the database with the highest number of deaths counted for all Brazilian macroregions, except the North, in which the highest coverage was from the 2010 Census. Based on the indicators proposed, in general, the Census showed a higher coverage of deaths than the SIM and the RC in the most deprived (highest IBP values) and less developed municipalities (lowest IDHM values) in the country. CONCLUSION The results highlight regional inequalities in how the databases chosen for this study cover death records, and the importance of maintaining the issue of mortality on the basic census questionnaire.
6.
Mortality inequalities measured by socioeconomic indicators in Brazil: a scoping review
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Ichihara, Maria Yury
; Ferreira, Andrêa J.F.
; Teixeira, Camila S. S.
; Alves, Flávia Jôse O.
; Rocha, Aline Santos
; Diógenes, Victor Hugo Dias
; Ramos, Dandara Oliveira
; Pinto Júnior, Elzo Pereira
; Flores-Ortiz, Renzo
; Rameh, Leila
; Costa, Lilia Carolina C. da
; Gonzaga, Marcos Roberto
; Lima, Everton E. C.
; Dundas, Ruth
; Leyland, Alastair
; Barreto, Maurício L.
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Summarize the literature on the relationship between composite socioeconomic indicators and mortality in different geographical areas of Brazil. METHODS This scoping review included articles published between January 1, 2000, and August 31, 2020, retrieved by means of a bibliographic search carried out in the Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs databases. Studies reporting on the association between composite socioeconomic indicators and all-cause, or specific cause of death in any age group in different geographical areas were selected. The review summarized the measures constructed, their associations with the outcomes, and potential study limitations. RESULTS Of the 77 full texts that met the inclusion criteria, the study reviewed 24. The area level of composite socioeconomic indicators analyzed comprised municipalities (n = 6), districts (n = 5), census tracts (n = 4), state (n = 2), country (n = 2), and other areas (n = 5). Six studies used composite socioeconomic indicators such as the Human Development Index, Gross Domestic Product, and the Gini Index; the remaining 18 papers created their own socioeconomic measures based on sociodemographic and health indicators. Socioeconomic status was inversely associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality, external cause mortality, suicide, homicide, fetal and infant mortality, respiratory and circulatory diseases, stroke, infectious and parasitic diseases, malnutrition, gastroenteritis, and oropharyngeal cancer. Higher mortality rates due to colorectal cancer, leukemia, a general group of neoplasms, traffic accident, and suicide, in turn, were observed in less deprived areas and/or those with more significant socioeconomic development. Underreporting of death and differences in mortality coverage in Brazilian areas were cited as the main limitation. CONCLUSIONS Studies analyzed mortality inequalities in different geographical areas by means of composite socioeconomic indicators, showing that the association directions vary according to the mortality outcome. But studies on all-cause mortality and at the census tract level remain scarce. The results may guide the development of new composite socioeconomic indicators for use in mortality inequality analysis.
7.
Mortality inequalities measured by socioeconomic indicators in Brazil: a scoping review
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Ichihara, Maria Yury
; Ferreira, Andrêa J.F.
; Teixeira, Camila S. S.
; Alves, Flávia Jôse O.
; Rocha, Aline Santos
; Diógenes, Victor Hugo Dias
; Ramos, Dandara Oliveira
; Pinto Júnior, Elzo Pereira
; Flores-Ortiz, Renzo
; Rameh, Leila
; Costa, Lilia Carolina C. da
; Gonzaga, Marcos Roberto
; Lima, Everton E. C.
; Dundas, Ruth
; Leyland, Alastair
; Barreto, Maurício L.
.
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Summarize the literature on the relationship between composite socioeconomic indicators and mortality in different geographical areas of Brazil. METHODS This scoping review included articles published between January 1, 2000, and August 31, 2020, retrieved by means of a bibliographic search carried out in the Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Lilacs databases. Studies reporting on the association between composite socioeconomic indicators and all-cause, or specific cause of death in any age group in different geographical areas were selected. The review summarized the measures constructed, their associations with the outcomes, and potential study limitations. RESULTS Of the 77 full texts that met the inclusion criteria, the study reviewed 24. The area level of composite socioeconomic indicators analyzed comprised municipalities (n = 6), districts (n = 5), census tracts (n = 4), state (n = 2), country (n = 2), and other areas (n = 5). Six studies used composite socioeconomic indicators such as the Human Development Index, Gross Domestic Product, and the Gini Index; the remaining 18 papers created their own socioeconomic measures based on sociodemographic and health indicators. Socioeconomic status was inversely associated with higher rates of all-cause mortality, external cause mortality, suicide, homicide, fetal and infant mortality, respiratory and circulatory diseases, stroke, infectious and parasitic diseases, malnutrition, gastroenteritis, and oropharyngeal cancer. Higher mortality rates due to colorectal cancer, leukemia, a general group of neoplasms, traffic accident, and suicide, in turn, were observed in less deprived areas and/or those with more significant socioeconomic development. Underreporting of death and differences in mortality coverage in Brazilian areas were cited as the main limitation. CONCLUSIONS Studies analyzed mortality inequalities in different geographical areas by means of composite socioeconomic indicators, showing that the association directions vary according to the mortality outcome. But studies on all-cause mortality and at the census tract level remain scarce. The results may guide the development of new composite socioeconomic indicators for use in mortality inequality analysis.
8.
Incidence and risk factors of postoperative visual function impairment in elderly patients undergoing nonocular surgery: a prospective cohort study
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Badessa, Guinther G.
; Almeida, Juliano Pinheiro
; Fukushima, Julia Tizue
; Badessa, Marianne
; Colella, Felipe
; Torres, Marcelo L.
; Alves, Milton Ruiz
; Falcão, Luiz Fernando R.
; Silveira, Cirilo Haddad
; Alfano, Adeli Mariane Vieira Lino
; Amaral Neto, Mauricio
; Nakashima, Aloísio Fumio
; Carmona, Maria José C.
.
Abstract Background: Elderly patients may present with visual function impairment after surgery, which may increase the incidence of postoperative delirium and falls and decrease their quality of life. The aim of this study was to assess visual function in elderly patients after long-duration nonocular surgery to determine the incidence and risk factors for visual function impairment after surgery. Methods: This prospective and observational study included patients aged between 60 and 80 years who had been scheduled for elective non-ocular surgery expected to last longer than 120 minutes under general anaesthesia. Ocular examinations were performed before surgery, on post-operative day 3 and on post-operative day 21 and consisted of a LogMAR-Snellen chart test, a Jager chart test, biomicroscopy, optical tonometry, ocular motility assessment and fundoscopy. Baseline characteristics of all patients as well as intraoperative and postoperative data were collected. Results: A total of 107 patients were included in the final analysis. Visual function impairment was diagnosed in 21 patients (19.6%) at POD 3. Of those, 7 patients (6.5%) still presented with visual changes at POD 21. On POD 3, compared with that at baseline, visual acuity assessed by the Snellen chart test had decreased in these patients. Significant differences regarding refraction tests and intraocular pressure measures were also found. Multivariable analysis identified diabetes mellitus, duration of surgery, hypotension during anaesthesia induction, lower peripheral oxygen saturation at the end of the procedure and body mass index as independent risk factors for postoperative visual impairment. Conclusion: In elderly patients undergoing long-duration non-ocular procedures under general anaesthesia, the incidence of visual function impairment was considerably high. Most patients recovered to baseline visual function, but clinically significant visual changes may still be present 3 weeks after surgery. Obesity, diabetes mellitus, and the duration of surgical and anaesthetic techniques appear to increase the risk of visual impairment after surgery.
9.
Influence of migration on the thought process of individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis
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Nogueira, Arthur S.
; Andrade, Julio C.
; Serpa, Mauricio H.
; Alves, Tania M.
; Freitas, Elder L.
; Hortêncio, Lucas
; van de Bilt, Martinus T.
; Rössler, Wulf
; Gattaz, Wagner F.
; Loch, Alexandre A.
.
Objective: To assess the influence of migration on the psychopathological presentation of individuals at ultra-high risk for psychosis (UHR) in São Paulo, Brazil. Methods: This study is part of the Subclinical Symptoms and Prodromal Psychosis (SSAPP) project, a cohort study in São Paulo, Brazil, designed to follow individuals at UHR. After screening with the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ) and a clinical interview, the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) was administered, a neuropsychological assessment was performed, sociodemographic and migration data were obtained. We then analyzed UHR individuals who had migration data to see if migration had any effect on their cognition and psychopathology. Chi-square tests were used for categorical variables, and Student’s t test or analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for nonparametric and parametric distributions, respectively. Results: The sample was composed of 42 at-risk subjects, of whom 5 had a migration history in the past two generations. Those with migration history showed significantly more formal thought disturbances (p = 0.012) and sleeping problems (p = 0.033) compared to those without. Conclusions: Our data reinforce migration as a risk factor for psychosis in developing countries as well, and highlights the importance of studying the specific effect of this factor in UHR psychopathology.
https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0685
127 downloads
10.
Biosorption Potential of the Aspergillus sp. and Insights into Secondary Metabolism in the Presence of Copper and Lead
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Alves, Maurício Augusto P. M. S.
; Silva, Sebastião C.
; Silva, Simone Y. S.
; Pereira Junior, João B.
; Marinho, Patrícia S. B.
; Dantas, Kelly das Graças F.
; Mota, Silvio Alex P. da
; Amaral, Jessica Cristina
; Silva, Maria Fátima das Graças F. da
; Oliveira, Marilene N.
.
The fungus Aspergillus sp. was isolated from copper mining rejects and cultured in a liquid culture medium (potato dextrose, PD) enriched with CuSO4.5H2O and Pb(NO3)2 in different concentrations. By flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) it was observed that fungus absorbed 86% of both copper and lead, with initial concentrations of 100, 500 and 1000 mg L-1. The additional results provided by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction showed ability of the microorganism to act as a biosorbent as well as its capacity to transform the tested salts into other inorganic compounds. Chromatographic profile comparison of extracts obtained from the biotic, abiotic control and the cultivation enriched with the metals showed changes in the profile of the secondary metabolism. When the copper and lead salts were tested separately, there was an increase in the production of the compounds as function of the increase of the concentration and when associated promoted the decrease and disappearance of some substances produced by Aspergillus sp.
https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20190219
355 downloads
11.
Updated Cardiovascular Prevention Guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology - 2019
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Précoma, Dalton Bertolim
; Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de
; Simão, Antonio Felipe
; Dutra, Oscar Pereira
; Coelho, Otávio Rizzi
; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira
; Póvoa, Rui Manuel dos Santos
; Giuliano, Isabela de Carlos Back
; Alencar Filho, Aristóteles Comte de
; Machado, Carlos Alberto
; Scherr, Carlos
; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein
; Santos Filho, Raul Dias dos
; Carvalho, Tales de
; Avezum Jr., Álvaro
; Esporcatte, Roberto
; Nascimento, Bruno Ramos
; Brasil, David de Pádua
; Soares, Gabriel Porto
; Villela, Paolo Blanco
; Ferreira, Roberto Muniz
; Martins, Wolney de Andrade
; Sposito, Andrei C.
; Halpern, Bruno
; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr
; Carvalho, Luiz Sergio Fernandes
; Tambascia, Marcos Antônio
; Coelho-Filho, Otávio Rizzi
; Bertolami, Adriana
; Correa Filho, Harry
; Xavier, Hermes Toros
; Faria-Neto, José Rocha
; Bertolami, Marcelo Chiara
; Giraldez, Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha
; Brandão, Andrea Araújo
; Feitosa, Audes Diógenes de Magalhães
; Amodeo, Celso
; Souza, Dilma do Socorro Moraes de
; Barbosa, Eduardo Costa Duarte
; Malachias, Marcus Vinícius Bolívar
; Souza, Weimar Kunz Sebba Barroso de
; Costa, Fernando Augusto Alves da
; Rivera, Ivan Romero
; Pellanda, Lucia Campos
; Silva, Maria Alayde Mendonça da
; Achutti, Aloyzio Cechella
; Langowiski, André Ribeiro
; Lantieri, Carla Janice Baister
; Scholz, Jaqueline Ribeiro
; Ismael, Silvia Maria Cury
; Ayoub, José Carlos Aidar
; Scala, Luiz César Nazário
; Neves, Mario Fritsch
; Jardim, Paulo Cesar Brandão Veiga
; Fuchs, Sandra Cristina Pereira Costa
; Jardim, Thiago de Souza Veiga
; Moriguchi, Emilio Hideyuki
; Schneider, Jamil Cherem
; Assad, Marcelo Heitor Vieira
; Kaiser, Sergio Emanuel
; Lottenberg, Ana Maria
; Magnoni, Carlos Daniel
; Miname, Marcio Hiroshi
; Lara, Roberta Soares
; Herdy, Artur Haddad
; Araújo, Cláudio Gil Soares de
; Milani, Mauricio
; Silva, Miguel Morita Fernandes da
; Stein, Ricardo
; Lucchese, Fernando Antonio
; Nobre, Fernando
; Griz, Hermilo Borba
; Magalhães, Lucélia Batista Neves Cunha
; Borba, Mario Henrique Elesbão de
; Pontes, Mauro Ricardo Nunes
; Mourilhe-Rocha, Ricardo
.
https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20190204
40841 downloads
12.
The isolation of pentose-assimilating yeasts and their xylose fermentation potential
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Martins, Gisele Marta
; Bocchini-Martins, Daniela Alonso
; Bezzerra-Bussoli, Carolina
; Pagnocca, Fernando Carlos
; Boscolo, Maurício
; Monteiro, Diego Alves
; Silva, Roberto da
; Gomes, Eleni
.
ABSTRACT For the implementation of cellulosic ethanol technology, the maximum use of lignocellulosic materials is important to increase efficiency and to reduce costs. In this context, appropriate use of the pentose released by hemicellulose hydrolysis could improve de economic viability of this process. Since the Saccharomyces cerevisiae is unable to ferment the pentose, the search for pentose-fermenting microorganisms could be an alternative. In this work, the isolation of yeast strains from decaying vegetal materials, flowers, fruits and insects and their application for assimilation and alcoholic fermentation of xylose were carried out. From a total of 30 isolated strains, 12 were able to assimilate 30 g L-1 of xylose in 120 h. The strain Candida tropicalis S4 produced 6 g L-1 of ethanol from 56 g L-1 of xylose, while the strain C. tropicalis E2 produced 22 g L-1 of xylitol. The strains Candida oleophila G10.1 and Metschnikowia koreensis G18 consumed significant amount of xylose in aerobic cultivation releasing non-identified metabolites. The different materials in environment were source for pentose-assimilating yeast with variable metabolic profile.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjm.2016.11.014
1173 downloads
13.
High frequency of silent brain infarcts associated with cognitive deficits in an economically disadvantaged population
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Squarzoni, Paula
; Tamashiro-Duran, Jaqueline H.
; Duran, Fabio L.S.
; Leite, Claudia C.
; Wajngarten, Mauricio
; Scazufca, Marcia
; Menezes, Paulo R.
; Lotufo, Paulo A.
; Alves, Tania C.T.F.
; Busatto, Geraldo F.
.
OBJECTIVE: Using magnetic resonance imaging, we aimed to assess the presence of silent brain vascular lesions in a sample of apparently healthy elderly individuals who were recruited from an economically disadvantaged urban region (São Paulo, Brazil). We also wished to investigate whether the findings were associated with worse cognitive performance. METHODS: A sample of 250 elderly subjects (66-75 years) without dementia or neuropsychiatric disorders were recruited from predefined census sectors of an economically disadvantaged area of Sao Paulo and received structural magnetic resonance imaging scans and cognitive testing. A high proportion of individuals had very low levels of education (4 years or less, n=185; 21 with no formal education). RESULTS: The prevalence of at least one silent vascular-related cortical or subcortical lesion was 22.8% (95% confidence interval, 17.7-28.5), and the basal ganglia was the most frequently affected site (63.14% of cases). The subgroup with brain infarcts presented significantly lower levels of education than the subgroup with no brain lesions as well as significantly worse current performance in cognitive test domains, including memory and attention (p<0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Silent brain infarcts were present at a substantially high frequency in our elderly sample from an economically disadvantaged urban region and were significantly more prevalent in subjects with lower levels of education. Covert cerebrovascular disease significantly contributes to cognitive deficits, and in the absence of magnetic resonance imaging data, this cognitive impairment may be considered simply related to ageing. Emphatic attention should be paid to potentially deleterious effects of vascular brain lesions in poorly educated elderly individuals from economically disadvantaged environments.
https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2017(08)04
719 downloads
14.
Growth pattern of friable calluses from leaves of Capsicum annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño
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RESUMO O gênero Capsicum pertence à família Solanaceae e é notável pela produção de metabólitos secundários de importância medicinal e econômica. Métodos de cultivo in vitro têm sido utilizados com sucesso para a obtenção de metabólitos secundários de plantas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi estabelecer um protocolo para a formação de calos in vitro a partir de explantes foliares, segmentos internodais e nodais da cultivar C. annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño, e determinar sua curva de crescimento, visando à identificação da fase de desaceleração, quando os calos devem ser subcultivados para o estabelecimento de suspensões celulares e produção de metabólitos secundários. Os explantes foram inoculados em meio suplementado com BAP e 2,4-D em combinação fatorial. Foram avaliadas as variáveis de indução de calos (IC) e a área coberta por células de calos (ACCC) do explante. Os tratamentos que resultaram em maior proliferação de células de calos foram repetidos para determinar a curva de crescimento dos calos. O tratamento que resultou em maior porcentagem de IC e ACCC para explante foliar e internodal foi 2.22 µM de BAP + 18.10 µM de 2,4-D; e para o segmento nodal foi 2.22 µM de BAP + 9.05 µM de 2,4-D. Houve formação de calos friáveis e esbranquiçados, e suas curvas de crescimento seguiram um padrão sigmoide. A fase de desaceleração iniciou no 31º dia de cultivo para explante foliar, no 26º dia para explante internodal e no 32º dia para explante nodal.
ABSTRACT The genus Capsicum belongs to the Solanaceae botanical family and is notable for the production of secondary metabolites of medicinal and economical importance. In vitro methods have been successfully utilized for the large scale production of plant secondary metabolites. The objective of this study was to establish a protocol for callus induction from leaves, nodal and internodal segments of the cultivar C. annuum var. annuum cv. Iberaba Jalapeño, and to determine the growth pattern of the calluses, aiming at the identification of the deceleration phase, when the callus cells must be subcultured for the establishment of cell suspensions and the production of secondary metabolites. The explants were inoculated into a medium supplemented with BA and 2,4-D in factorial combination. Percentage of callus induction and the explant area covered by callus cells (ACCC) were evaluated. The procedures that resulted in higher proliferation of callus cells were repeated in order to determine the growth curve of the calluses. The highest callus induction percentage and ACCC were observed with the combination of 2.22 µM BA + 18.10 µM 2,4-D for leaf and internodal explants and 2.22 µM BA + 9.05 µM 2,4-D for nodal explants. The calluses produced were friable and whitish, and their growth pattern followed a sigmoid shape. The deceleration phase started on the 31st day of cultivation for leaf explants, on the 26th for internodal explants, and on the 29th day for nodal explants.
https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20170061
1510 downloads
15.
Growing knowledge: an overview of Seed Plant diversity in Brazil
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Zappi, Daniela C.
; Filardi, Fabiana L. Ranzato
; Leitman, Paula
; Souza, Vinícius C.
; Walter, Bruno M.T.
; Pirani, José R.
; Morim, Marli P.
; Queiroz, Luciano P.
; Cavalcanti, Taciana B.
; Mansano, Vidal F.
; Forzza, Rafaela C.
; Abreu, Maria C.
; Acevedo-Rodríguez, Pedro
; Agra, Maria F.
; Almeida Jr., Eduardo B.
; Almeida, Gracineide S.S.
; Almeida, Rafael F.
; Alves, Flávio M.
; Alves, Marccus
; Alves-Araujo, Anderson
; Amaral, Maria C.E.
; Amorim, André M.
; Amorim, Bruno
; Andrade, Ivanilza M.
; Andreata, Regina H.P.
; Andrino, Caroline O.
; Anunciação, Elisete A.
; Aona, Lidyanne Y.S.
; Aranguren, Yani
; Aranha Filho, João L.M.
; Araújo, Andrea O.
; Araújo, Ariclenes A.M.
; Araújo, Diogo
; Arbo, María M.
; Assis, Leandro
; Assis, Marta C.
; Assunção, Vivian A.
; Athiê-Souza, Sarah M.
; Azevedo, Cecilia O.
; Baitello, João B.
; Barberena, Felipe F.V.A.
; Barbosa, Maria R.V.
; Barros, Fábio
; Barros, Lucas A.V.
; Barros, Michel J.F.
; Baumgratz, José F.A.
; Bernacci, Luis C.
; Berry, Paul E.
; Bigio, Narcísio C.
; Biral, Leonardo
; Bittrich, Volker
; Borges, Rafael A.X.
; Bortoluzzi, Roseli L.C.
; Bove, Cláudia P.
; Bovini, Massimo G.
; Braga, João M.A.
; Braz, Denise M.
; Bringel Jr., João B.A.
; Bruniera, Carla P.
; Buturi, Camila V.
; Cabral, Elza
; Cabral, Fernanda N.
; Caddah, Mayara K.
; Caires, Claudenir S.
; Calazans, Luana S.B.
; Calió, Maria F.
; Camargo, Rodrigo A.
; Campbell, Lisa
; Canto-Dorow, Thais S.
; Carauta, Jorge P.P.
; Cardiel, José M.
; Cardoso, Domingos B.O.S.
; Cardoso, Leandro J.T.
; Carneiro, Camila R.
; Carneiro, Cláudia E.
; Carneiro-Torres, Daniela S.
; Carrijo, Tatiana T.
; Caruzo, Maria B.R.
; Carvalho, Maria L.S.
; Carvalho-Silva, Micheline
; Castello, Ana C.D.
; Cavalheiro, Larissa
; Cervi, Armando C.
; Chacon, Roberta G.
; Chautems, Alain
; Chiavegatto, Berenice
; Chukr, Nádia S.
; Coelho, Alexa A.O.P.
; Coelho, Marcus A.N.
; Coelho, Rubens L.G.
; Cordeiro, Inês
; Cordula, Elizabeth
; Cornejo, Xavier
; Côrtes, Ana L.A.
; Costa, Andrea F.
; Costa, Fabiane N.
; Costa, Jorge A.S.
; Costa, Leila C.
; Costa-e-Silva, Maria B.
; Costa-Lima, James L.
; Cota, Maria R.C.
; Couto, Ricardo S.
; Daly, Douglas C.
; De Stefano, Rodrigo D.
; De Toni, Karen
; Dematteis, Massimiliano
; Dettke, Greta A.
; Di Maio, Fernando R.
; Dórea, Marcos C.
; Duarte, Marília C.
; Dutilh, Julie H.A.
; Dutra, Valquíria F.
; Echternacht, Lívia
; Eggers, Lilian
; Esteves, Gerleni
; Ezcurra, Cecilia
; Falcão Junior, Marcus J.A.
; Feres, Fabíola
; Fernandes, José M.
; Ferreira, D.M.C.
; Ferreira, Fabrício M.
; Ferreira, Gabriel E.
; Ferreira, Priscila P.A.
; Ferreira, Silvana C.
; Ferrucci, Maria S.
; Fiaschi, Pedro
; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.
; Firens, Marcela
; Flores, Andreia S.
; Forero, Enrique
; Forster, Wellington
; Fortuna-Perez, Ana P.
; Fortunato, Reneé H.
; Fraga, Cléudio N.
; França, Flávio
; Francener, Augusto
; Freitas, Joelcio
; Freitas, Maria F.
; Fritsch, Peter W.
; Furtado, Samyra G.
; Gaglioti, André L.
; Garcia, Flávia C.P.
; Germano Filho, Pedro
; Giacomin, Leandro
; Gil, André S.B.
; Giulietti, Ana M.
; A.P.Godoy, Silvana
; Goldenberg, Renato
; Gomes da Costa, Géssica A.
; Gomes, Mário
; Gomes-Klein, Vera L.
; Gonçalves, Eduardo Gomes
; Graham, Shirley
; Groppo, Milton
; Guedes, Juliana S.
; Guimarães, Leonardo R.S.
; Guimarães, Paulo J.F.
; Guimarães, Elsie F.
; Gutierrez, Raul
; Harley, Raymond
; Hassemer, Gustavo
; Hattori, Eric K.O.
; Hefler, Sonia M.
; Heiden, Gustavo
; Henderson, Andrew
; Hensold, Nancy
; Hiepko, Paul
; Holanda, Ana S.S.
; Iganci, João R.V.
; Imig, Daniela C.
; Indriunas, Alexandre
; Jacques, Eliane L.
; Jardim, Jomar G.
; Kamer, Hiltje M.
; Kameyama, Cíntia
; Kinoshita, Luiza S.
; Kirizawa, Mizué
; Klitgaard, Bente B.
; Koch, Ingrid
; Koschnitzke, Cristiana
; Krauss, Nathália P.
; Kriebel, Ricardo
; Kuntz, Juliana
; Larocca, João
; Leal, Eduardo S.
; Lewis, Gwilym P.
; Lima, Carla T.
; Lima, Haroldo C.
; Lima, Itamar B.
; Lima, Laíce F.G.
; Lima, Laura C.P.
; Lima, Leticia R.
; Lima, Luís F.P.
; Lima, Rita B.
; Lírio, Elton J.
; Liro, Renata M.
; Lleras, Eduardo
; Lobão, Adriana
; Loeuille, Benoit
; Lohmann, Lúcia G.
; Loiola, Maria I.B.
; Lombardi, Julio A.
; Longhi-Wagner, Hilda M.
; Lopes, Rosana C.
; Lorencini, Tiago S.
; Louzada, Rafael B.
; Lovo, Juliana
; Lozano, Eduardo D.
; Lucas, Eve
; Ludtke, Raquel
; Luz, Christian L.
; Maas, Paul
; Machado, Anderson F.P.
; Macias, Leila
; Maciel, Jefferson R.
; Magenta, Mara A.G.
; Mamede, Maria C.H.
; Manoel, Evelin A.
; Marchioretto, Maria S.
; Marques, Juliana S.
; Marquete, Nilda
; Marquete, Ronaldo
; Martinelli, Gustavo
; Martins da Silva, Regina C.V.
; Martins, Ângela B.
; Martins, Erika R.
; Martins, Márcio L.L.
; Martins, Milena V.
; Martins, Renata C.
; Matias, Ligia Q.
; Maya-L., Carlos A.
; Mayo, Simon
; Mazine, Fiorella
; Medeiros, Debora
; Medeiros, Erika S.
; Medeiros, Herison
; Medeiros, João D.
; Meireles, José E.
; Mello-Silva, Renato
; Melo, Aline
; Melo, André L.
; Melo, Efigênia
; Melo, José I.M.
; Menezes, Cristine G.
; Menini Neto, Luiz
; Mentz, Lilian A.
; Mezzonato, A.C.
; Michelangeli, Fabián A.
; Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele A.
; Miotto, Silvia T.S.
; Miranda, Vitor F.O.
; Mondin, Cláudio A.
; Monge, Marcelo
; Monteiro, Daniele
; Monteiro, Raquel F.
; Moraes, Marta D.
; Moraes, Pedro L.R.
; Mori, Scott A.
; Mota, Aline C.
; Mota, Nara F.O.
; Moura, Tania M.
; Mulgura, Maria
; Nakajima, Jimi N.
; Nardy, Camila
; Nascimento Júnior, José E.
; Noblick, Larry
; Nunes, Teonildes S.
; O'Leary, Nataly
; Oliveira, Arline S.
; Oliveira, Caetano T.
; Oliveira, Juliana A.
; Oliveira, Luciana S.D.
; Oliveira, Maria L.A.A.
; Oliveira, Regina C.
; Oliveira, Renata S.
; Oliveira, Reyjane P.
; Paixão-Souza, Bruno
; Parra, Lara R.
; Pasini, Eduardo
; Pastore, José F.B.
; Pastore, Mayara
; Paula-Souza, Juliana
; Pederneiras, Leandro C.
; Peixoto, Ariane L.
; Pelissari, Gisela
; Pellegrini, Marco O.O.
; Pennington, Toby
; Perdiz, Ricardo O.
; Pereira, Anna C.M.
; Pereira, Maria S.
; Pereira, Rodrigo A.S.
; Pessoa, Clenia
; Pessoa, Edlley M.
; Pessoa, Maria C.R.
; Pinto, Luiz J.S.
; Pinto, Rafael B.
; Pontes, Tiago A.
; Prance, Ghillean T.
; Proença, Carolyn
; Profice, Sheila R.
; Pscheidt, Allan C.
; Queiroz, George A.
; Queiroz, Rubens T.
; Quinet, Alexandre
; Rainer, Heimo
; Ramos, Eliana
; Rando, Juliana G.
; Rapini, Alessandro
; Reginato, Marcelo
; Reis, Ilka P.
; Reis, Priscila A.
; Ribeiro, André R.O.
; Ribeiro, José E.L.S.
; Riina, Ricarda
; Ritter, Mara R.
; Rivadavia, Fernando
; Rocha, Antônio E.S.
; Rocha, Maria J.R.
; Rodrigues, Izabella M.C.
; Rodrigues, Karina F.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Rodrigo S.
; Rodrigues, Vinícius T.
; Rodrigues, William
; Romaniuc Neto, Sérgio
; Romão, Gerson O.
; Romero, Rosana
; Roque, Nádia
; Rosa, Patrícia
; Rossi, Lúcia
; Sá, Cyl F.C.
; Saavedra, Mariana M.
; Saka, Mariana
; Sakuragui, Cássia M.
; Salas, Roberto M.
; Sales, Margareth F.
; Salimena, Fatima R.G.
; Sampaio, Daniela
; Sancho, Gisela
; Sano, Paulo T.
; Santos, Alessandra
; Santos, Élide P.
; Santos, Juliana S.
; Santos, Marianna R.
; Santos-Gonçalves, Ana P.
; Santos-Silva, Fernanda
; São-Mateus, Wallace
; Saraiva, Deisy P.
; Saridakis, Dennis P.
; Sartori, Ângela L.B.
; Scalon, Viviane R.
; Schneider, Ângelo
; Sebastiani, Renata
; Secco, Ricardo S.
; Senna, Luisa
; Senna-Valle, Luci
; Shirasuna, Regina T.
; Silva Filho, Pedro J.S.
; Silva, Anádria S.
; Silva, Christian
; Silva, Genilson A.R.
; Silva, Gisele O.
; Silva, Márcia C.R.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Marcos J.
; Silva, Otávio L.M.
; Silva, Rafaela A.P.
; Silva, Saura R.
; Silva, Tania R.S.
; Silva-Gonçalves, Kelly C.
; Silva-Luz, Cíntia L.
; Simão-Bianchini, Rosângela
; Simões, André O.
; Simpson, Beryl
; Siniscalchi, Carolina M.
; Siqueira Filho, José A.
; Siqueira, Carlos E.
; Siqueira, Josafá C.
; Smith, Nathan P.
; Snak, Cristiane
; Soares Neto, Raimundo L.
; Soares, Kelen P.
; Soares, Marcos V.B.
; Soares, Maria L.
; Soares, Polyana N.
; Sobral, Marcos
; Sodré, Rodolfo C.
; Somner, Genise V.
; Sothers, Cynthia A.
; Sousa, Danilo J.L.
; Souza, Elnatan B.
; Souza, Élvia R.
; Souza, Marcelo
; Souza, Maria L.D.R.
; Souza-Buturi, Fátima O.
; Spina, Andréa P.
; Stapf, María N.S.
; Stefano, Marina V.
; Stehmann, João R.
; Steinmann, Victor
; Takeuchi, Cátia
; Taylor, Charlotte M.
; Taylor, Nigel P.
; Teles, Aristônio M.
; Temponi, Lívia G.
; Terra-Araujo, Mário H.
; Thode, Veronica
; Thomas, W.Wayt
; Tissot-Squalli, Mara L.
; Torke, Benjamin M.
; Torres, Roseli B.
; Tozzi, Ana M.G.A.
; Trad, Rafaela J.
; Trevisan, Rafael
; Trovó, Marcelo
; Valls, José F.M.
; Vaz, Angela M.S.F.
; Versieux, Leonardo
; Viana, Pedro L.
; Vianna Filho, Marcelo D.M.
; Vieira, Ana O.S.
; Vieira, Diego D.
; Vignoli-Silva, Márcia
; Vilar, Thaisa
; Vinhos, Franklin
; Wallnöfer, Bruno
; Wanderley, Maria G.L.
; Wasshausen, Dieter
; Watanabe, Maurício T.C.
; Weigend, Maximilian
; Welker, Cassiano A.D.
; Woodgyer, Elizabeth
; Xifreda, Cecilia C.
; Yamamoto, Kikyo
; Zanin, Ana
; Zenni, Rafael D.
; Zickel, Carmem S
.
Resumo Um levantamento atualizado das plantas com sementes e análises relevantes acerca desta biodiversidade são apresentados. Este trabalho se iniciou em 2010 com a publicação do Catálogo de Plantas e Fungos e, desde então vem sendo atualizado por mais de 430 especialistas trabalhando online. O Brasil abriga atualmente 32.086 espécies nativas de Angiospermas e 23 espécies nativas de Gimnospermas e estes novos dados mostram um aumento de 3% da riqueza em relação a 2010. A Amazônia é o Domínio Fitogeográfico com o maior número de espécies de Gimnospermas, enquanto que a Floresta Atlântica possui a maior riqueza de Angiospermas. Houve um crescimento considerável no número de espécies e nas taxas de endemismo para a maioria dos Domínios (Caatinga, Cerrado, Floresta Atlântica, Pampa e Pantanal), com exceção da Amazônia que apresentou uma diminuição de 2,5% de endemicidade. Entretanto, a maior parte das plantas com sementes que ocorrem no Brasil (57,4%) é endêmica deste território. A proporção de formas de vida varia de acordo com os diferentes Domínios: árvores são mais expressivas na Amazônia e Floresta Atlântica do que nos outros biomas, ervas são dominantes no Pampa e as lianas apresentam riqueza expressiva na Amazônia, Floresta Atlântica e Pantanal. Este trabalho não só quantifica a biodiversidade brasileira, mas também indica as lacunas de conhecimento e o desafio a ser enfrentado para a conservação desta flora.
Abstract An updated inventory of Brazilian seed plants is presented and offers important insights into the country's biodiversity. This work started in 2010, with the publication of the Plants and Fungi Catalogue, and has been updated since by more than 430 specialists working online. Brazil is home to 32,086 native Angiosperms and 23 native Gymnosperms, showing an increase of 3% in its species richness in relation to 2010. The Amazon Rainforest is the richest Brazilian biome for Gymnosperms, while the Atlantic Rainforest is the richest one for Angiosperms. There was a considerable increment in the number of species and endemism rates for biomes, except for the Amazon that showed a decrease of 2.5% of recorded endemics. However, well over half of Brazillian seed plant species (57.4%) is endemic to this territory. The proportion of life-forms varies among different biomes: trees are more expressive in the Amazon and Atlantic Rainforest biomes while herbs predominate in the Pampa, and lianas are more expressive in the Amazon, Atlantic Rainforest, and Pantanal. This compilation serves not only to quantify Brazilian biodiversity, but also to highlight areas where there information is lacking and to provide a framework for the challenge faced in conserving Brazil's unique and diverse flora.
https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201566411
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