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Resumen El accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) constituye la principal causa de discapacidad de origen neuro- lógico en los adultos mayores a 40 años y la cuarta causa de muerte en Argentina. En los últimos diez años las publicaciones indexadas relacionadas al tratamiento del ACV isquémico fueron más numerosas que las de ACV hemorrágico. El objetivo de este material es proporcionar recomendaciones locales y actualiza- das del abordaje de pacientes con hematoma intraparenquimatoso espontáneo durante la internación. Para la redacción de este manuscrito se convocó a especialistas en esta enfermedad que conformaron grupos de trabajo. Se plantearon 10 tópicos centrales expresados como epidemiologia, atención inicial, imágenes, tratamiento de la presión arterial, reversión de antitrombóticos, indicación de cirugía, profilaxis anticonvulsivante, pronóstico, prevención de complicaciones y reinicio de antitrombóticos. De cada tópico se plantearon mediante preguntas PICO los interrogantes más frecuentes de la práctica diaria. Luego de una revisión sistemática de la literatura, se generaron recomendaciones evaluadas mediante sistema GRADE y consensuadas entre autores y pacientes.

Abstract Stroke is the leading cause of neurological disability in people over 40 years of age and the fourth leading cause of death in Argentina. In the last ten years, the indexed publications related to the treatment of ischemic stroke were more numerous than those of hemorrhagic stroke. The objective of this material is to provide local and updated recommendations for the management of patients with spontaneous intracere- bral hemorrhage during hospitalization. For the writing of this manuscript, diferent specialists were convened to form working groups. Ten central topics expressed as epidemiology, initial care, imaging, blood pressure treatment, reversal of antithrombotics, indication for surgery, seizure prophylaxis, prognosis, prevention of complications and resumption of antithrombotics were raised. For each topic, the most frequent questions of daily practice were raised through PICO questions. After a systematic review of the literature, recommendations were generated, evaluated using the GRADE system and agreed between authors and patients.

β-micrustoxin (Mlx-9), a PLA2 from Micrurus lemniscatus snake venom: biochemical characterization and anti-proliferative effect mediated by p53
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Santos, Natália Fernanda Teixeira dos

; Imberg, Andréia de Souza

; Mariano, Douglas Oscar Ceolin

; Moraes, Angelina Cirelli de

; Andrade-Silva, Jessica

; Fernandes, Cristina Maria

; Sobral, Ana Cláudia

; Giannotti, Karina Cristina

; Kuwabara, Wilson M. Tatagiba

; Pimenta, Daniel Carvalho

; Maria, Durvanei Augusto

; Sandoval, Maria Regina Lopes

; Afeche, Solange Castro

Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins including Tropical Diseases

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2022, Volume 28 elocation e20210094

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Endogenous phospholipases A2 (PLA2) play a fundamental role in inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, apoptosis and cellular senescence. Neurotoxins with PLA2 activity are found in snake venoms from the Elapidae and Viperidae families. The mechanism of action of these neurotoxins have been studied using hippocampal and cerebellar neuronal cultures showing [Ca2+]i increase, mitochondrial depolarization and cell death. Astrocytes are rarely used as a model, despite being modulators at the synapses and responsible for homeostasis and defense in the central nervous system. Preserving the cell division ability, they can be utilized to study the cell proliferation process. In the present work cultured astrocytes and glioblastoma cells were employed to characterize the action of β-micrustoxin (previously named Mlx-9), a PLA2 isolated from Micrurus lemniscatus snake venom. The β-micrustoxin structure was determined and the cell proliferation, cell cycle phases and the regulatory proteins p53, p21 and p27 were investigated. Methods β-micrustoxin was characterized biochemically by a proteomic approach. Astrocytes were obtained by dissociation of pineal glands from Wistar rats; glioblastoma tumor cells were purchased from ATCC and Sigma and cultured in DMEM medium. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay; cell proliferation and cell cycle phases were analyzed by flow cytometry; p53, p21 and p27 proteins were studied by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Results Proteomic analysis revealed fragments on β-micrustoxin that aligned with a PLA2 from Micrurus lemniscatus lemniscatus previously identified as transcript ID DN112835_C3_g9_i1/m.9019. β-micrustoxin impaired the viability of astrocytes and glioblastoma tumor cells. There was a reduction in cell proliferation, an increase in G2/M phase and activation of p53, p21 and p27 proteins in astrocytes. Conclusion These findings indicate that β-micrustoxin from Micrurus lemniscatus venom could inhibit cell proliferation through p53, p21 and p27 activation thus imposing cell cycle arrest at the checkpoint G2/M.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-9199-jvatitd-2021-0094

Reaction of jaboticaba trees cv. ‘Sabará’ to the species of gall forming nematodes
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Marques, Mônica Lau Silva

; Jesus, Jéssica Maria Israel de

; Oliveira, Marcos Fernandes

; Texeira, Renato Andrade

; Santos, Patrícia Resplandes Rocha dos

; Santos, Gil Rodrigues dos

; Rocha, Mara Rúbia da

Summa Phytopathologica

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dec 2020, Volume 46 N. 4 Pages 342 - 344

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A fruticultura tropical e subtropical tem um papel relevante no cenário econômico do país, e vem sendo prejudicada pelo nematoide das galhas. A jabuticabeira é uma planta bastante cultivada no Brasil e entre os problemas da cultura, estão os nematoides do gênero Meloidogyne. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a hospedabilidade da jabuticabeira cv. Sabará, em diferentes concentrações de inóculos de Meloidogyne incognita e Meloidogyne javanica. Os inóculos utilizados no experimento foram obtidos a partir de raízes de tomateiro cv. Santa Cruz. As jabuticabeiras foram submetidas à inoculação com as concentrações de 2000, 4000 e 8000 ovos + juvenis planta-1, para ambas as espécies dos nematoides. As plantas de jabuticaba cv. Sabará demonstraram resistência em relação ao desenvolvimento dos nematoides de galhas M. incognita e M. javanica com Fator de Reprodução (FR) <1.

ABSTRACT Tropical and subtropical fruit production plays an important role in the country’s economic scenario and has been affected by root-knot nematode. The jaboticaba tree is a plant widely cultivated in Brazil, and among the problems of the crop is the root-knot nematode of the genus Meloidogyne. This study aimed to evaluate the hostability of jaboticaba tree cv. ‘Sabará’, in different inoculum concentrations of Meloidogyne incognita and Meloidogyne javanica. The inoculum used in the experiment was obtained from the roots of tomato cv. ‘Santa Cruz’. Jaboticaba trees were subjected to inoculation with concentrations of 0, 2000, 4000, and 8000 eggs + juvenile plant-1, for both species of nematodes. The plants of jaboticaba cv. ‘Sabará’ showed resistance concerning the development of M. incognita and M. javanica root-knot nematode with Reproduction Factor (RF) <1.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/189841 406 downloads

One-Step Isolation of Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids from Psychotria leiocarpa Leaves and Their Antiviral Activity on Dengue Virus Type-2
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Costa, Jéssica O.

; Barboza, Rodolfo S.

; Valente, Ligia M. M.

; Wolff, Thiago

; Gomes, Mário

; Gallo, Blanca

; Berrueta, Luis A.

; Guimarães-Andrade, Iris P.

; Gavino-Leopoldino, Daniel

; Assunção-Miranda, Iranaia

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2020, Volume 31 N. 10 Pages 2104 - 2113

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The leaf MeOH extract of Psychotria leiocarpa (Rubiaceae) showed in vitro non-cytotoxic and anti-dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) activity in human hepatocarcinoma cell lineage (HepG2). A one-step and cost-effective reversed-phase solid-phase extraction method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) parameters allowed the isolation, directly from this bioactive extract, of the monoterpene indole alkaloids: N-glucopyranosyl vincosamide (1), vincosamide (2) and strictosidinic acid (3). The chemical structures were characterized based on 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV and high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS). The methodology has also allowed yielding a polyphenolic-rich fraction that was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS) revealing two flavonol triglycosides (4, 5) and three caffeoylquinic acid isomers (6-8). Compound 3 is reported for the first time in P. leiocarpa and all the phenolic compounds (4-8) are described for the first time in the genus Psychotria. Compounds 1-3 showed to be non-cytotoxic and anti-dengue active towards DENV2, highlighting vincosamide (2).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200111 327 downloads

Phytochemical Analysis, Multi-Element Composition and Biological Activities of Extracts and Lupenone from Albizia inundata (Mart.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes
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Andrade, Eberson M. J.

; Teixeira, Jéssica S.

; Silva, Dahara K. C.

; Santos, Tatiana B. dos

; Korn, Maria G. A.

; Brandão, Hugo N.

; Ferraz, Caline G.

; Meira, Cássio S.

; Soares, Milena B. P.

; Guimarães, Elisava T.

; C. S. Neta, Lourdes

; F. S. Júnior, Aníbal

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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sep 2020, Volume 31 N. 9 Pages 1825 - 1837

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In this study, antimicrobial activity of extracts and lupenone from A. inundata (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae), were tested. In addition, the multi-element composition of the leaves, bark and stems (heartwood) of A. inundata was evaluated using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES). Lupenone was isolated in the petroleum ether extract of leaves, for the first time. Biological assays were conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial (antibacterial, antifungal and antiparasitic) of extracts, their fractions and lupenone. The results showed antimicrobial and antileishmanial activity of these compounds, which may be useful for obtaining a chemical composition and biological activity database on Albizia species. For multi-element composition, we found the mean concentrations (minimum-maximum) of Al, Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Mn, Ni, P, V and Zn in the samples ranged between 0.06 and 265.41 µg g-1. Concentration ranges of Cu, Fe, Mn and Zn are large, which makes these samples as additional sources of these macronutrients.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200069 360 downloads

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF NEW Cu (II), Co (II) AND Sn (II) COMPLEXES WITH THE SODIUM HYDROTRIS(2-MERCAPTOTHIAZOLYL)BORATE LIGAND
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Ferreira, Lorena S.

; Andrade, Jéssica T.

; Lima, William G.

; Souza, Juliano de P.

; Chagas, Rafael C. R.

; Leonel, Camyla A.

; Cunha, Laís C.

; Herrera, Karina M. S.

; Braga, Alysson V.

; Soares, Luís F.

; Ferreira, Jaqueline M. S.

Química Nova

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may 2020, Volume 43 N. 5 Pages 593 - 598

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The emergence of antibiotic resistance among microbial pathogens is a serious public health problem, resulting in a constant need of discovering new antibiotics. For this purpose, we synthetized and determined the antimicrobial activity of copper (Cu), cobalt (Co), and tin (Sn) complexes coordinated with scorpionate ligand in a tridentate mode against microorganisms of clinical importance. New complexes with the sodium hydrotris(2-mercaptothiazolyl)borate ligand were characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques (UV-vis, IR, 1H and 13C NMR). Moreover, their antimicrobial activity was evaluated using microdilution broth method. Cytotoxicity was determined in Vero cells and the selectivity index (SI) was calculated. The coordination with metals increased the ligand antimicrobial activity, which showed no activity when evaluated alone (MIC>1,080 µM). Cu-complex (1) had activity against Candida albicans and C. krusei, with MICs of 130 and 66 µM, respectively. The compounds had low toxicity on Vero cells and chemo-informatics assays corroborated a low systemic toxic effect. The SI revealed that the compound 1 was 16 times more selective for C. krusei and 8 times more selective for C. albicans in relation to Vero cells. The Cu-complex stands out as a potential prototype for the development of new antifungal agents.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170526 492 downloads

Can Mental Index be used on CBCT images to determine sexual dimorphism?
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CARNEIRO, Ana Luiza Esteves

; MACIEL, Sabrina Evelyn Santos

; SALGADO, Daniela Miranda Richarte de Andrade

; ZAMBRANA, Jéssica Rabelo Mina

; ZAMBRANA, Nataly Rabelo Mina

; COSTA, Claudio

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia

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2020, Volume 68 elocation e20200026

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o dimorfismo sexual, por meio da aplicação de IR em imagens tomográficas. Métodos: Foram analisados 78 exames de tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), de pacientes do sexo feminino e masculino. As imagens foram obtidas do banco de dados do LAPI-FOUSP, São Paulo, Brasil, e por meio delas o Índice Mentual, que é um IR quantitativo, foi avaliado. As imagens foram divididas em 2 grupos: Grupo M – Homens e Grupo W – Mulheres e avaliadas por um examinador em dois tempos diferentes (T1 e T2). Os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística com nível de significância de 95% (p<0,05). Resultados: O teste ICC mostrou uma concordância intra-examinador média a boa. As médias de idade foram: 48,46±15,3 para o grupo M e 53,87±13,09 para o grupo H. Na avaliação do IM, foram observadas diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os dois grupos. Conclusão: Concluímos que o Índice Mentual pode ser utilizado para determinar o dimorfismo sexual, uma vez que a espessura da cortical da mandíbula nas mulheres é menor que a espessura encontrada nos homens.

ABSTRACT Objective: Radiomorphometric indices (RI) vary according to gender and age. The objective of this study was to assess bone quality in men and women, using tomographic images Methods: A total of 78 Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images of female and male patients were analyzed. The images were obtained from LAPI-FOUSP database, São Paulo, Brazil, and the Mental Index, which is a quantitative index, was evaluated on those images. The images were divided into 2 groups: Group M – Men and Group W – Women and evaluated by one examiner in two different times (T1 and T2). The data was submitted to a statistical analysis with a 95% level of significance (p <0.05) Results: The ICC tests showed an average to good intra-examiner agreement. The age averages were: 48.46 ± 15.3 for group W and 53.87 ± 13.09 for group M. On the MI evaluation, statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups Conclusion: We concluded that MI can be used to determine sexual dimorphism, once the thickness of the mandible cortex in women is smaller than the thickness found in men.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-863720200002620180072 707 downloads

Molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from hospital and community environments in northeastern Brazil
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Carvalho, Suzi P. de

; Almeida, Jéssica B. de

; Andrade, Yasmin M.F.S.

; Silva, Lucas S.C. da

; Chamon, Raiane C.

; Santos, Kátia R.N. dos

; Marques, Lucas M.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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mar 2019, Volume 23 N. 2 Pages 134 - 138

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This study characterized 30 MRSA isolates from intensive care unit (ICU) environment and equipment surfaces and healthy children. The SCCmec types I, IVa and V were detected in HA-MRSA isolates while CA-MRSA showed the SCCmec type IVa and V. Most isolates were classified as agr group II. All isolates presented the sei gene, and only HA-MRSA were positive for etb e tst genes. Three genotypes were related to Pediatric (ST5/SCCmecIV) and Berlin (ST45/SCCmecIV) clones. The present study showed molecular similarity between CA- and HA-MRSA isolates in hospital and community settings in a Brazilian region.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2019.04.005 674 downloads

Low frequency of antibodies anti-Neospora caninum in rodents in Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil
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LIMA, DÉBORA C.V. DE

; MELO, RENATA P.B. DE

; ANDRADE, MULLER R.

; DE ALCÂNTARA, ADRIANNE M.

; MAGALHÃES, FERNANDO JORGE R.

; CARVALHO, JÉSSICA C.S.

; SILVA, RENATO A. DA

; COSTA, MATEUS M. DA

; MOTA, RINALDO A.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 N. 4 elocation e20190439

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the frequency of Neospora caninum antibodies in rodents from the Island of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil, and to contribute to epidemiological data on neosporosis in this region. Blood samples were collected from 154 black-rats (Rattus rattus) and 12 rock-cavies (Kerodon rupestris). The search for anti-N. caninum antibodies was made using the NAT technique, with a cut-off of 1:20. The frequency of positive mice was 5.19% (8/154 - 1:20 titer) and all rock-cavies were negative. The low frequency of antibodies against N. caninum in rodents found in the Island shows the low contamination of the environment where these animals live.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920190439 562 downloads

10.

Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carrying SCCmec type IV and V isolated from healthy children attending public daycares in northeastern Brazil
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Carvalho, Suzi P. de

; Almeida, Jéssica B. de

; Andrade, Yasmin M.F.S.

; Silva, Lucas S.C. da

; Oliveira, Arianne C. de

; Nascimento, Flávia S.

; Campos, Guilherme B.

; Oliveira, Márcio V.

; Timenetsky, Jorge

; Marques, Lucas M.

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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aug 2017, Volume 21 N. 4 Pages 464 - 467

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have increasingly been reported in healthy communities. This study aimed to assess the rate of S. aureus in general and MRSA in particular from nasal secretion of children in daycare centers in Vitória da Conquista, Brazil. The isolates were identified based on morphology, biochemical tests and by PCR. Detection of virulence genes, biofilm production, and susceptibility test by disk diffusion agar were performed. MRSA isolates were characterized by spa, SCCmec, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). S. aureus were recovered from 70 (47.3%) of 148 children. Among the 11 MRSA strains (15.7%), two SCCmec types (IV and V) were detected. MLST identified four STs related to three clonal complexes (CC): 5, 45, and 398. Four spa types were found circulating in this setting. Resistance of S. aureus isolates to ampicillin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, and tetracycline was 80%, 32.8%, 7.1%, 7.1% and 4.3%, respectively. One isolate presented intermediate resistance to vancomycin detected by Etest methodology. All strains were biofilm producers. The virulence genes seb, sec, spa, and pvl were detected in some isolates. This study revealed a high rate of children carrying MRSA among healthy attendees in daycare centers in Vitória da Conquista, Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2017.04.001 945 downloads

11.

Synthesis, in vitro Antifungal Activity and Molecular Modeling Studies of New Mannich Bases Derived from Lawsone
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Allochio Filho, João F.

; Roldi, Larissa L.

; Delarmelina, Maicon

; Fiorot, Rodolfo G.

; Andrade, Jessica T.

; Aleixo, Álan A.

; Carvalho, Rafaella S.

; Araújo, Marcelo G. F.

; Ferreira, Jaqueline M. S.

; Taranto, Alex G.

; Romão, Wanderson

; Greco, Sandro J.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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nov 2016, Volume 27 N. 11 Pages 2127 - 2140

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Hydroxynaphthoquinones such as lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) have proven to be effective antifungal agents. These compounds were tested for antifungal activity against yeast standard and clinical strains by the broth microdilution method. Among the synthetic lawsone derivatives, 2-hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione, 2-hydroxy-3-(((4-nitrophenyl)amino)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)((4-nitrophenyl)amino)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione showed high activity against Candida albicans ATCC 10231, with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and minimal fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) ranging from 20 to 330 and from 80 to 330 µg mL-1, respectively. Moreover, they also showed a mechanism of action on exogenous ergosterol. Therapeutic concentrations (CC50) of 2-hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione, 2-hydroxy-3-(((4-nitrophenyl)amino)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)((4-nitrophenyl)amino)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione were 52.81, 52.58 and 85.94 µg mL-1, respectively, which can be considered moderate or low. In addition, docking studies showed that these compounds had similar binding energy to standard ketoconazole, which are recognized as the molecular target by van der Waals interactions. Furthermore, they are under Lipinski's rule of 5 with a druglikeness score better than ketoconazole and nystatin. These findings suggest that 2-hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)(pyrrolidin-1-yl)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione, 2-hydroxy-3-(((4-nitrophenyl)amino)(phenyl)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione and 2-hydroxy-3-((2-hydroxyphenyl)((4-nitrophenyl)amino)methyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione have potential as leading compounds against human fungal infections.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20160104 1131 downloads

12.

Antimicrobial (including antimollicutes), antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of Brazilian and Spanish marine organisms – evaluation of extracts and pure compounds
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Bianco, Éverson Miguel

; Krug, Jéssica Lenita

; Zimath, Priscila Laiz

; Kroger, Aline

; Paganelli, Camila Jeriane

; Boeder, Ariela Maína

; Santos, Larissa dos

; Tenfen, Adrielli

; Ribeiro, Suzi Meneses

; Kuroshima, Kátia Naomi

; Alberton, Michele Debiasi

; Cordova, Caio Maurício Mendes de

; Rebelo, Ricardo Andrade

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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dec 2015, Volume 25 N. 6 Pages 668 - 676

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This work describes the antimicrobial, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities in vitro of organic extracts from fourteen seaweeds, eleven sponges, two ascidians, one bryozoan, and one sea anemone species collected along the Brazilian and Spanish coast, as well as the isolation of the diterpene (4R, 9S, 14S)-4α-acetoxy-9β,14α-dihydroxydolast-1(15),7-diene (1) and halogenated sesquiterpene elatol (2). The most promising antimicrobial results for cell wall bacteria were obtained by extracts from seaweeds Laurencia dendroidea and Sargassum vulgare var. nanun (MIC 250 μg/ml), and by the bryozoan Bugula neritina (MIC 62.5 μg/ml), both against Staphylococcus aureus. As for antimollicutes, extracts from seaweeds showed results better than the extracts from invertebrates. Almost all seaweeds assayed (92%) exhibited some antimicrobial activity against mollicutes strains (Mycoplasma hominis,Mycoplasma genitalium,Mycoplasma capricolum and Mycoplasma pneumoniae strain FH). From these seaweeds, A1 (Canistrocarpus cervicornis), A11 (Gracilaria sp.) and A4 (Lobophora variegata) showed the best results for M. pneumoniae strain FH (MIC 250 μg/ml). Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 were also assayed against mollicutes strains M. hominis,M. genitalium,M. capricolum,M. pneumoniae strain 129 and M. pneumoniae strain FH, which showed MIC > 100 μg/ml. Antioxidant activities of extracts from these marine organisms were inactive, except for E7 (from sponge Ircinia sp.), which exhibited moderated antioxidant activities for two methods assayed (IC50 83.0 ± 0.1 μg/ml, and 52.0 ± 0.8 mg AA/g, respectively). Finally, for the anticholinesterase activity, all the 29 samples evaluated (100%) exhibited some level of activity, with IC50 < 1000 μg/ml. From these, seaweeds extracts were considered more promising than marine invertebrate extracts [A10 (IC50 14.4 ± 0.1 μg/ml), A16 (IC50 16.4 ± 0.4 μg/ml) and A8 (IC50 14.9 ± 0.5 μg/ml)]. The findings of this work are useful for further research aiming at isolation and characterization of active compounds.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.07.018 1466 downloads

13.

OBTENÇÃO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE MATERIAL HÍBRIDO ENTRE SÍLICA E CICLODEXTRINAS
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Baracho, Raphaela V.

; Carvalho, Lucas B.

; Andrade, Jéssica M.

; Venceslau, Adneia F. A.

; Rocha, Denise A.

; Pinto, Luciana M. A.

Química Nova

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sep 2015, Volume 38 N. 8 Pages 1063 - 1067

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

The obtention of silica and cyclodextrin hybrid materials was accomplished by refluxing them in xylol using citric acid as a binding agent. The materials were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and elemental analysis. Evidence for the docking of cyclodextrins α and γ was substantiated based on the variation in band intensity for groups such as ≡Si-OH. Additional docking evidence includes the displacement of some of the bands that are related to cyclodextrin such as the deformation of the C-H axial bond. The α and γ-CDSi materials were characterized as amorphous compounds. The products obtained in the synthesis showed changes in the decomposition temperatures of their isolated constituents, in which the mass of α and γ-CD docked to the silica surface gave the estimated values of 41% and 47%, respectively. The elemental constituents were shown to be consistent and close to their relative theoretical values. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that a reduction in the percentage of the hybrids was proportional to the amount of lost mass. This new material is an improvement over synthesized organosilane materials because the operator and the environment benefit from a less toxic methodology. In addition, the material has several potential applications in complexation systems with cyclodextrin.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0100-4042.20150099 1177 downloads

14.

Nanosized and reusable SiO2/ZrO2 catalyst for highly efficient biodiesel production by soybean transesterification
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Faria, Elaine A.

; Marques, Jéssica S.

; Dias, Ingrid M.

; Andrade, Rômulo D. A.

; Suarez, Paulo A. Z.

; Prado, Alexandre G. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2009, Volume 20 N. 9 Pages 1732 - 1737

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

O catalisador nanoestruturado SiO2/ZrO2 foi preparado pelo método sol-gel e apresentou uma área superficial de 131,50 ± 14 m² g-1. As imagens de microscopia eletrônica de varredura mostraram que o catalisador apresentou partículas muito homogêneas de 250 nm de diâmetro. Este material foi aplicado na transesterificação do óleo de soja para a produção de biodiesel. A conversão do óleo em biodiesel teve um rendimento de 96,2 ± 1,4 % em 3 h de reação de transesterificação catalisada pelo material SiO2/ZrO2 (SiZr). O catalisador foi recuperado e reutilizado por seis vezes, mantendo uma eficiência catalítica de 84,1%.

Nanosized SiO2/ZrO2 catalyst with high surface area (131.50 ± 14 m² g-1) was prepared by the sol-gel method. The material presented highly homogeneous particles with an average diameter of 250 nm according to SEM images. It was applied in the transesterification of soybean oil for biodiesel production. The biodiesel conversion reached a yield of 96.2 ± 1.4 % after 3 h of transesterification reaction catalised by SiO2/ZrO2 (SiZr). The catalyst was recovered and reused six times, maintaining a catalytic efficiency of about 84.1 %.

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