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RESUMO Objetivo: Inquérito nacional de cobertura vacinal aos 12 e 24 meses de idade foi realizado para investigar as quedas nas coberturas a partir de 2016. Métodos: Amostra de 37.836 nascidos vivos das coortes de 2017 e 2018 residentes nas capitais, Distrito Federal (DF) e 12 cidades com mais de 100 mil habitantes, acompanhados nos primeiros 24 meses por registros nas cadernetas de vacinação. Setores censitários foram estratificados segundo condições socioeconômicas, e o mesmo número de crianças foi incluído para cada estrato. Calcularem-se coberturas vacinais de cada vacina e coberturas completas aos 12 e 24 meses, doses aplicadas, válidas e oportunas. Fatores familiares, maternos e da criança associados à cobertura foram pesquisados. Os motivos para não vacinar analisados foram: contraindicações médicas, dificuldades de acesso, problemas no funcionamento do programa e hesitação vacinal. Resultados: Os resultados preliminares mostram que menos de 1% das crianças não foram vacinadas, as coberturas pelo esquema completo são menores que 75% em todas as capitais e no DF, as vacinas com mais de uma dose perdem cobertura progressivamente, há diferenças entre os estratos socioeconômicos, favoráveis aos estratos mais altos em algumas cidades e aos estratos mais baixos em outras. Conclusão: Houve realmente redução da cobertura vacinal em todas as capitais e no DF para as crianças nascidas em 2017 e 2018, denotando piora na execução do Programa Nacional de Imunizações durante os anos de 2017 a 2019. O inquérito realizado não mensurou os impactos da pandemia de COVID-19 que podem ter reduzido ainda mais as coberturas vacinais.

ABSTRACT Objective: The national vaccination coverage survey on full vaccination at 12 and 24 months of age was carried out to investigate drops in coverage as of 2016. Methods: A sample of 37,836 live births from the 2017 or 2018 cohorts living in capital cities, the Federal District, and 12 inner cities with 100 thousand inhabitants were followed for the first 24 months through vaccine record cards. Census tracts stratified according to socioeconomic levels had the same number of children included in each stratum. Coverage for each vaccine, full vaccination at 12 and 24 months and number of doses administered, valid and timely, were calculated. Family, maternal and child factors associated with coverage were surveyed. The reasons for not vaccinating analyzed were: medical contraindications, access difficulties, problems with the program, and vaccine hesitancy. Results: Preliminary results showed that less than 1% of children were not vaccinated, full coverage was less than 75% at all capitals and the Federal District, vaccines requiring more than one dose progressively lost coverage, and there were inequalities among socioeconomic strata, favorable to the highest level in some cities and to the lowest in others. Conclusion: There was an actual reduction in full vaccination in all capitals and the Federal District for children born in 2017 and 2018, showing a deteriorating implementation of the National Immunization Program from 2017 to 2019. The survey did not measure the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have further reduced vaccination coverage.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

National Vaccine Coverage Survey 2020: methods and operational aspects
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Barata, Rita Barradas

; França, Ana Paula

; Guibu, Ione Aquemi

; Vasconcellos, Maurício Teixeira Leite de

; Moraes, José Cássio de

; Teixeira, Maria da Gloria Lima Cruz

; Domingues, Carla Magda Alan

; Borges, Maria Fernanda de Souza Oliveira

; de Azevedo, Roberta Nogueira Calandrini

; de Oliveira, Consuelo Silva

; Oliveira, Andrea de Nazaré Marvão

; Canales, Ivy Thereza

; Nascimento, Valdir

; Queiroz, Rejane Christine de Souza

; Lima, Luísa Helena de Oliveira

; Ramos Jr, Alberto Novaes

; Barbosa, Jaqueline Caracas

; Mirabal, Isabelle Ribeiro Barbosa

; Meira, Meiruska

; Antunes, Maria Bernadete de Cerqueira

; Teixeira, Maria Denise de Castro

; Gurgel, Ricardo Queiroz

; de Carvalho, Martha Suely Itaparica

; Cesar, Tayñana

; Maciel, Ethel Leonor Noia

; da Gama, Silvana Granado Nogueira

; Luhm, Karin Regina

; Boing, Antônio Fernando

; Mengue, Sotero Serrate

; de Oliveira, Sandra Maria do Valle Leone

; Lima, Jaqueline Costa

; Teles, Sheila Araújo

; Caetano, Karlla Antonieta Amorim

; de Araújo, Wildo Navegantes

Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia

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2023, Volume 26 elocation e230031

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720230031

Contribution of public oral pathology services to the diagnosis of oral and oropharyngeal cancer in Brazil
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LOUREDO, Brendo Vinicius Rodrigues

; CURADO, Maria Paula

; PENAFORT, Paulo Victor Mendes

; DE ARRUDA, José Alcides Almeida

; ABREU, Lucas Guimarães

; MESQUITA, Ricardo Alves

; PINTO-JÚNIOR, Décio dos Santos

; ABRAHÃO, Aline Corrêa

; ANDRADE, Bruno Augusto Benevenuto de

; AGOSTINI, Michelle

; MORAES, Renata Mendonça

; ANBINDER, Ana Lia

; DOURADO, Pedro Henrique Silva

; SANTOS, Teresa Cristina Ribeiro Bartholomeu dos

; PIRES, Fábio Ramoa

; BORDIGNON, Natalia Cristina Trentin

; GONDAK, Rogério Oliveira

; DE OLIVEIRA, Marcia Gaiger

; CARRARD, Vinicius Coelho

; MARTINS, Manoela Domingues

; SOUSA-NETO, Sebastião Silvério

; ARANTES, Diego Antônio Costa

; MENDONÇA, Elismauro Francisco

; CIESLAK-SANCHES, Silvia Roberta

; ANTUNES, Daniella Moraes

; AMARAL-SILVA, Gleyson Kleber do

; MANIERI, Patricia Rubia

; RAMALHO, Luciana Maria Pedreira

; DOS SANTOS, Jean Nunes

; LEONEL, Augusto César Leal da Silva

; PEREZ, Danyel Elias da Cruz

; VERHEUL, Hannah Carmem Carlos Ribeiro Silva

; BARROSO, Keila Martha Amorim

; RODRIGUES, Flávia Luiza Santos

; GONZAGA, Amanda Katarinny Goes

; FERNANDES, Romana Renery

; DE SOUZA, Lélia Batista

; SOUZA, Lucas Lacerda de

; PONTES, Flávia Sirotheau Corrêa

; PONTES, Hélder Antônio Rebelo

; SILVA, Caroline Alfaia

; CÂMARA, Jeconias

; LIBÓRIO-KIMURA, Tatiana Nayara

; SANTOS-SILVA, Alan Roger

; LOPES, Márcio Ajudarte

; ALMEIDA, Oslei Paes de

; ROMAÑACH, Mário José

; VARGAS, Pablo Agustin

Brazilian Oral Research

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2023, Volume 37 elocation e126

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the contribution of oral and maxillofacial pathology laboratories (OMPLs) in Brazilian public universities to the diagnosis of lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). A cross-sectional study was performed using biopsy records from a consortium of sixteen public OMPLs from all regions of Brazil (North, Northeast, Central-West, Southeast, and South). Clinical and demographic data of patients diagnosed with lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCC between 2010 and 2019 were collected from the patients’ histopathological records. Of the 120,010 oral and maxillofacial biopsies (2010-2019), 6.9% (8,321 cases) were diagnosed as lip (0.8%, 951 cases), oral cavity (4.9%, 5,971 cases), and oropharyngeal (1.2%, 1,399 cases) SCCs. Most cases were from Brazil’s Southeast (64.5%), where six of the OMPLs analyzed are located. The predominant profile of patients with lip and oral cavity SCC was Caucasian men, with a mean age over 60 years, low schooling level, and a previous history of heavy tobacco consumption. In the oropharyngeal group, the majority were non-Caucasian men, with a mean age under 60 years, had a low education level, and were former/current tobacco and alcohol users. According to data from the Brazilian National Cancer Institute, approximately 9.9% of the total lip, oral cavity, and oropharyngeal SCCs reported over the last decade in Brazil may have been diagnosed at the OMPLs included in the current study. Therefore, this data confirms the contribution of public OMPLs with respect to the important diagnostic support they provide to the oral healthcare services extended by the Brazilian Public Health System.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2023.vol37.0126

Isolation and Characterization of Plant Growth-Promotion Diazotrophic Endophytic Bacteria Associated to Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) Grown in Paraíba, Brazil
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Antunes, Jadson Emanuel Lopes

; Freitas, Ana Dolores Santiago de

; Bonifacio, Aurenivia

; Oliveira, Louise Melo de Souza

; Santos, Carolina Etienne de Rosália e Silva

; Lyra, Maria do Carmo Catanho Pereira de

; Oliveira, José de Paula

; Ollero, Francisco Javier

; Araújo, Ademir Sérgio Ferreira de

; Figueiredo, Marcia do Vale Barreto

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology

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2022, Volume 65 elocation e22200439

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Sugarcane is an important Brazilian commodity, being usually cultivated in soils with low natural fertility. This study aimed to isolate diazotrophic endophytes from sugarcane tissues and evaluate the morphological and physiological characteristics of their colonies as well as their plant growth-promoting (PGP) traits in select diazotrophic endophytic bacteria. Fifty-six bacterial isolates were identified in the sugarcane tissues, and these isolates presented distinct morphological and physiological traits. A total of thirty-five bacterial isolates were biochemically evaluated. Overall, Bacillus was the dominant genus. Isolates of Methylobacterium spp. and Brevibacillus agri were present only in leaves, while Herbaspirillum seropedicae occurred only in stems. Except to IPA-CF45A, all isolates were nitrogenase positive. All endophytes exhibit production of indol 3-acetic acid. Over 50% of endophytes solubilize phosphate, release N-acyl homoserine lactones, and present the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase, catalase, lipase and protease. The network analysis showed that isolates belonged to Burkholderia, Herbaspirillum, and Methylobacterium interact with Bacillus. Bacterial endophytes exhibited distinct morphological, physiological, and PGP traits that are useful for sustainable agriculture, highlighting the isolates IPA-CC33, IPA-CF65, IPA-CC9 and IPA-CF27. Further studies on the effects of these diazotrophic endophytes and their potential for providing microbial inoculants for improving sugarcane fields will provide valuable information to maintain the sustainability and environment quality.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4324-2022200439

Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Mello, Debora Silva de

; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes

; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki

; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro

; Braga, Elza de Santana

; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi

; Fracini, Wagner

; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila

; Zular, Paulete Secco

; Piva, Regiane de Santana

; Masi, Eduardo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate the evolution of the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection among residents aged 18 years or over in the municipality of São Paulo. METHODS This is a population-based household survey conducted every 15 days, between June and September 2020, and January and February 2021. In total, the study comprised 11 phases. The presence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 was identified in venous blood using a lateral flow test, Wondfo Biotech. In the last phase, the researchers combined it with an immunoenzymatic test, Euroimmun. The participants also answered a semi-structured questionnaire on sociodemographic and economic factors, and on social distancing measures. Prevalence estimates and the 95% confidence interval were estimated according to regions, Human Development Index, sex, age group, ethnicity, education, income, and variables associated with risk or prevention of infection. To compare the frequencies among the categories of each variable, the chi-square test with Rao-Scott correction was used, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In total, 23,397 individuals were interviewed and had their samples collected. The estimated prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 9.7% (95%CI: 7.9–11.8%) to 25.0% (95%CI: 21.7–28.7). The prevalence of individuals with antibodies against the virus was higher among black and brown people, people with lower schooling and income, and among residents of regions with lower Human Development Index. The lowest prevalences were associated with recommended measures of disease protection. The proportion of asymptomatic infection was 45.1%. CONCLUSION The estimated prevalence of the infection was lower than the cumulative incidence variation, except for the last phase of the study. The differences in prevalence estimates observed among subpopulations showed social inequality as a risk of infection. The lower prevalence observed among those who could follow prevention measures reinforce the need to maintain social distancing measures as a way to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970

Prevalence evolution of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the city of São Paulo, 2020–2021
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Albuquerque, José Olimpio Moura de

; Kamioka, Gabriela Akemi

; Madalosso, Geraldine

; Costa, Selma Anequini

; Ferreira, Paula Bisordi

; Pino, Francisco Alberto

; Sato, Ana Paula Sayuri

; Carvalho, Ana Carolina Aguiar de

; Amorim, Ana Beatriz Pagliaro

; Aires, Caroline Cotrim

; Kataoka, Ana Paula Arruda Geraldes

; Savani, Elisa San Martin Mouriz

; Bessa, Thirsa Alvares Franco

; Aguiar, Breno Souza de

; Failla, Marcelo Antunes

; Santos, Edson Aparecido dos

; Brito, Edjane Maria Torreão

; Santos, Maria Cristina Honório dos

; Silva, Solange Maria Saboia e

; Caldeira, Luiz Artur Vieira

; Zamarco, Luiz Carlos

; Fonseca, Sandra Maria Sabino

; Lima, Marcia Maria de Cerqueira

; Marques, Ivanilda Argenau

; Silva, Fabiana Érica Vilanova da

; Glasser, Paula Regina

; Burihan, Patrícia Carla Piragibe Ramos

; Cavazzana, Cinthya Luzia

; Mello, Debora Silva de

; Pellini, Alessandra Cristina Guedes

; Nishio, Fernando Yoshiki

; Kian, Fernanda Miyashiro

; Braga, Elza de Santana

; Bertelli, Nilza Maria Piassi

; Fracini, Wagner

; Gonçalves, Marcelo Dell Áquila

; Zular, Paulete Secco

; Piva, Regiane de Santana

; Masi, Eduardo

Revista de Saúde Pública

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2021, Volume 55 elocation 62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003970 43 downloads

Artisanal fishing in the municipality of Guarapari, state of Espírito Santo, Brazil: An approach to the perception of fishermen working in small-scale fishing
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Abreu, Juliana Silva de

; Beneditto, Ana Paula Madeira Di

; Martins, Agnaldo Silva

; Zappes, Camilah Antunes

Sociedade & Natureza

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2020, Volume 32 Pages 56 - 71

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo No município de Guarapari, estado do Espírito Santo (ES), a pesca artesanal é praticada ao longo da linha de costa. Desta maneira, o objetivo deste estudo é descrever a atividade pesqueira praticada no município de Guarapari, a partir da percepção de pescadores artesanais. Entrevistas etnográficas foram realizadas com aplicação de questionários semi-estruturados, individualmente, por meio de diálogo com pescadores que atuam na região (n= 80). A obtenção de informações também ocorreu por meio de observações participante e direta, anotadas em diário de campo. Os dados foram organizados em categorias, analisados pelo método da Triangulação e estatística descritiva. Todos os entrevistados são homens com idade entre 27 e 77 anos, apresentam baixa escolaridade e o tempo de atuação na pesca varia entre 3 e 60 anos. Segundo os pescadores, os artefatos linha, rede de espera, arpão e espinhel são os mais utilizados. A atividade pesqueira é desenvolvida ao longo do litoral deste município, principalmente na área próxima às Três Ilhas, Ilhas Rasas e Ilha Escalvada. Na percepção dos entrevistados, a pesca é um dos principais setores da economia local.

Abstract In the municipality of Guarapari, Espírito Santo (ES), southeastern Brazil, artisanal fishing is practiced along the coastline. The objective of this study is to describe the fishing activity practiced in the municipality of Guarapari (ES), southeastern Brazil based on the perception of artisanal fishermen. Ethnographic interviews were individually conducted by applying semistructured questionnaires through dialog with fishermen working in the region (n = 80). Information was also obtained through participant and direct observations recorded in a field diary. Data were organized into categories and analyzed using the triangulation method and descriptive statistics. All interviewees were men aged between 27 and 77 years and had a low level of schooling; fishing experience varied between 3 and 60 years. According to the fishermen, line, gillnet, harpoon and trawl line are the most commonly used. Fishing is developed along the coast of this municipality, especially in the areas near Três Ilhas, Rasas Islands and Escalvada Island, southeastern Brazil. In the perception of the interviewees, fishing is one of the main sectors of the local economy.

https://doi.org/10.14393/sn-v32-2020-46923

Serological and molecular investigation of Leishmania spp. infection in cats from an area endemic for canine and human leishmaniasis in Northeast Brazil
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Bezerra, José Artur Brilhante

; Oliveira, Ilanna Vanessa Pristo de Medeiros

; Yamakawa, Ana Carolina

; Nilsson, Mariana Guimarães

; Tomaz, Klívio Loreno Raulino

; Oliveira, Kalyne Danielly Silva de

; Rocha, Célio Souza da

; Calabuig, Cecília Irene Perez

; Fornazari, Felipe

; Langoni, Helio

; Antunes, João Marcelo Azevedo de Paula

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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dec 2019, Volume 28 N. 4 Pages 790 - 796

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar a ocorrência de anticorpos contra Leishmania spp., e sua associação com o vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) e o vírus da leucemia felina (FeLV), em felinos domésticos provenientes de uma área endêmica no estado do Rio Grande do Norte, para a leishmaniose visceral canina e humana. Noventa e um gatos foram submetidos a exame clínico completo e amostras de sangue foram coletadas. Um questionário epidemiológico foi feito para investigar fatores de risco. Anticorpos IgG anti-Leishmania spp. foram identificados por meio da imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI), adotando-se como ponto de corte a diluição de 1:40. A reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foi executada visando detectar o material genético de Leishmania spp. a partir de amostras de sangue total. Para avaliar a presença de anticorpos contra o FIV e antígenos do FeLV foi utilizado um teste imunocromatográfico. Observou-se soropositividade em 14/91 (15,38%), 26/91 (28,57%) e 3/91 (3,29%) animais para Leishmania spp., FIV e FeLV, respectivamente. Nenhuma amostra foi positiva na PCR. Baseado nestes dados, não foi observada nenhuma associação estatística significativa entre a soropositividade para Leishmania spp. e gênero, idade, presença de sinais clínicos, fatores de risco avaliados e positividade para as retroviroses. Esses achados demonstram pela primeira vez que felinos da cidade Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, estão sendo expostos a esta zoonose, sugerindo que os mesmos podem estar participando da cadeia epidemiológica de transmissão da leishmaniose visceral.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Leishmania spp. antibodies, and its association with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV), in domestic cats from an area endemic for canine and human leishmaniasis in Rio Grande do Norte State, Brazil. Ninety-one cats were subjected to a complete clinical exam, and blood samples were collected. An epidemiological questionnaire was used to investigate the risk factors. IgG anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies were detected by immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT), with a cut-off value of 1:40. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to detect genetic material of Leishmania spp. in the blood samples. The presence of antibodies against FIV and antigens of FeLV was evaluated using an immunochromatographic test. Seropositivity for Leishmania spp., FIV, and FeLV was observed in 14/91 (15.38%), 26/91 (28.57%), and 3/91 (3.29%) cats, respectively. All samples gave negative results on PCR analysis. Based on these data, no significant statistical association was observed between seropositivity for Leishmania spp., and sex, age, presence of clinical signs, evaluated risk factors, and positivity for retroviruses. These findings demonstrated for the first time that cats from Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, are being exposed to this zoonosis and might be part of the epidemiological chain of transmission of visceral leishmaniasis.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612019082 1275 downloads

Ethnoecology and socioeconomic around an artificial reef: the case of artisanal fisheries from southeastern Brazil
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Lima, Juliano Silva

; Zappes, Camilah Antunes

; Di Beneditto, Ana Paula Madeira

; Zalmon, Ilana Rosental

Biota Neotropica

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2019, Volume 19 N. 2 elocation e20180620

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O objetivo desse estudo é descrever os aspectos etnoecológicos, a valoração e a forma de comercialização das espécies-alvo capturadas na pesca artesanal praticada na costa norte do Rio de Janeiro, sudeste do Brasil. Os dados foram obtidos a partir de entrevistas semiestruturadas realizadas com 60 pescadores da comunidade pesqueira Guaxindiba (21°29'S, 41°00'O), vinculados à colônia de pescadores Z-1. Oitenta e nove espécies foram citadas pelos pescadores e 44,1% desse total são importantes para o comércio da região. Os pescadores citaram cinco zonas distintas que são utilizadas para a pesca: zona da "borda" (68 espécies), estuário (41 spp.), recife artificial (27 spp.), "malacacheta" (24 spp.) e mar aberto (10 spp,). Os recursos pesqueiros foram classificados de acordo com suas características gastronômicas e econômicas: pescado-de-primeira (35 spp.), pescado-de-segunda (32 spp.), pescado-mistura (10 spp.), pescado-de-descarte (7 spp.) e pescado-isca (5 spp.). O preço das espécies-alvo aumenta ao longo da cadeia produtiva em decorrência do maior número de pessoas envolvidas, dos gastos com insumos e do processo de beneficiamento do pescado. Os dados desse estudo podem contribuir para o manejo da pesca local e apontam para o uso de recifes artificiais na manutenção dos recursos pesqueiros no norte do Rio de Janeiro.

Abstract: The objective of this study is to describe the ethnoecological aspects, valorization, and commercialization of target species caught by artisanal fishers on the northern coast of Rio de Janeiro, southeastern Brazil. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews conducted with 60 fishers from the fishing community of Guaxindiba (21°29'S, 41°00'W), which is associated with the Z-1 fishers' colony. Eighty-nine species were cited by the fishers and 44.1% are important commercial fish in the region. The fishers cited five distinct zones used to fish: border zone (68 species), estuary (41 spp.), artificial reef (27 spp.), "malacacheta" (24 spp.), and open ocean (10 spp.). The fishery resources were classified according to their gastronomic and economic characteristics: primary fish (35 spp.), secondary fish (32 spp.), mixed fish (10 spp.), discarded fish (7 spp.), and fish used as bait (5 spp.). The price of the target species increases along the production chain due to the greater number of people involved, processing costs, and improvement of the product. The data from this study can contribute to local fisheries management and point out to the use of artificial reefs in the maintenance of fishery resources in northern Rio de Janeiro.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2018-0620 1551 downloads

10.

Analysis of the collagen fibers on autopsied patients’ uterus with the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
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Torquato, Bianca Gonçalves Silva

; Oliveira, Mariana Silva

; Juliano, Guilherme Ribeiro

; Aguiar, Laura Sanches

; Juliano, Gabriela Ribeiro

; Silveira, Luciano Matias da

; Espíndula, Ana Paula

; Oliveira, Lívia Ferreira

; Cavellani, Camila Lourencini

; Oliveira, Flávia Aparecida de

; Teixeira, Vicente de Paula Antunes

; Ferraz, Mara Lúcia Fonseca

Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil

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mar 2018, Volume 18 N. 1 Pages 195 - 204

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Objetivos: comparar a porcentagem de fibras colágenas no corpo e colo uterino de mulheres autopsiadas com e sem a Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida (Aids). Métodos: foram selecionados 30 prontuários de mulheres autopsiadas no período de 1988 a 2013. Foram coletados 30 fragmentos do corpo uterino e 30 do colo uterino, dividido em dois grupos, 15 com Aids e 15 sem. A quantificação das fibras colágenas do corpo e colo uterino foi feita nas lâminas coradas por picrosirius, utilizando-se o sistema KS-300®. Resultados: a porcentagem de fibras colágenas foi menor no colo (U=336544; p=0,001) e maior no corpo uterino (U=308 726,5; p=0,004) no grupo com a retrovirose quando comparado ao grupo sem a doença. A porcentagem no grupo com Aids foi maior no colo uterino do que no corpo (t=0,4793; p=0,0031). Sendo o mesmo resultado encontrado para o grupo sem Aids (t=2.397; p=0,0637). Conclusões: um aumento da porcentagem de fibras colágenas no corpo uterino das mulheres com Aids indica uma resposta imune frente a infecção viral e revela uma falha em manter a infecção restrita ao colo. A interpretação dos parâmetros histoquímicos e morfométricos podem ser úteis no diagnóstico das condições associadas à infecção pelo HIV, contribuindo para a melhora clínica e expectativa de vida.

Abstract Objectives: to compare the percentage of collagen fibers in the autopsied women’s uterine body and cervix with and without the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (Aids). Methods: 30 autopsied women’s medical files were selected from 1988 to 2013. 30 fragments of the uterine body and 30 cervix were collected and then divided into two groups, 15 with Aids and 15 without, The quantification of the collagen fibers of the uterine body and cervix was performed on slides stained with picrosirius, using the KS-300® system. Results: the percentage of collagen fibers was lower for cervix (U=336544; p=0.001) and higher for the uterine body (U=308726,5; p=0.004) in the retroviral group when compared to the group without the disease. The percentage was higher for cervix than the uterine body in the group with Aids (t=0,4793; p=0.0031). the same result was found in the group without Aids (t=2,397; p=0.0637). Conclusions: the increase in the percentage of collagen fibers in the uterine body of women with Aids’ indicates an immune response for viral infection and reveals a failure in keeping the infection restricted to the cervix. The interpretation of the histochemical and morphometric parameters can be useful in the diagnosis associated to HIV infection, contributing for clinical improvement and life expectancy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042018000100010 1467 downloads

11.

Gastrointestinal parasites in stray and shelter cats in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Pereira, Pâmela Figueiredo

; Barbosa, Alynne da Silva

; Moura, Ana Paula Pereira de

; Vasconcellos, Marcelo Leitão

; Uchôa, Claudia Maria Antunes

; Bastos, Otílio Machado Pereira

; Amendoeira, Maria Regina Reis

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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sep 2017, Volume 26 N. 3 Pages 383 - 388

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O aumento da população urbana contribuiu para que muitas pessoas escolhessem um animal de estimação independente, como o gato. Esta situação possibilita o abandono desses animais, aumentando o número de gatos nas ruas e nos abrigos. Esses animais, então, podem servir como fonte de infecção para outros hospedeiros. Entre 2014 a 2015 foi analisada a frequência de parasitos gastrintestinais em gatos cativos e de rua na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Foram coletadas 91 amostras fecais de gatos cativos e 172 de gatos de rua, sendo essas processadas pelas técnicas de centrífugo sedimentação e flutuação. A frequência de parasitos nos gatos de rua foi 77,3%, sendo esta significativamente maior do que a evidenciada nos cativos, 49,5%. Os helmintos foram mais detectados, sendo ancilostomídeos os parasitos mais evidenciados. Também foram detectados, Toxocara cati, Cystoisospora sp. e Dipylidium caninum. Não foi observada diferença estatística na frequência de parasitos entre o sexo nos gatos cativos, porém nos de rua, os machos (85,5%) apresentaram positividade maior do que as fêmeas (71,8%). A elevada frequência de ancilostomídeos, agente da “Larva Migrans Cutânea” no homem, demonstra a necessidade de controle das infecções parasitárias nos gatos estudados.

Abstract The increasingly urban nature of the population has led many people to choose independent pets, such as cats. This situation has also made it possible for these animals to be abandoned, thus increasing the numbers of cats on the streets and in shelters. These animals can act as a source of infection for other hosts. Between 2014 and 2015, the frequency of gastrointestinal parasites in captive and stray cats in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro was analyzed. Ninety-one fecal samples were collected from captive cats and 172 from stray cats. Centrifugal sedimentation and flotation techniques were used. The frequency of parasites among the stray cats was 77.3%, and this was significantly higher than the frequency observed in captive cats (49.5%). Helminths were detected more frequently, and hookworms were the parasites most detected. Toxocara cati, Cystoisospora sp. and Dipylidium caninum were also detected. No statistical difference in the frequency of parasites was observed between the sexes among the captive cats. However, among the stray cats, males (85.5%) presented higher positivity than females (71.8%). The high frequency of hookworms, which are the agent for “cutaneous larva migrans” in humans, shows the need to control parasitic infections among the cats studied.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612017024 1457 downloads

12.

Pigmented Kamino bodies: a little-known histological finding. Prevalence in 19 cases of Reed nevus
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Antunes, Ana Caroline Barreto

; Véspoli, Aline Caixeta Guimarães

; Ferreira, Paula Silva

; Valente, Neusa Yuriko Sakai

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia

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jun 2017, Volume 92 N. 3 Pages 379 - 382

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Kamino bodies in Reed nevus, since most studies to date show conflicting data on this issue. This was a retrospective observational study, in which the histopathology of 19 Reed nevus lesions were reviewed. The slides were stained by hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff, with a special focus placed on the identification of Kamino bodies. Some clinical data were also collected. The median patient age was 12 years (range of 2 to 58). The women to men ratio was 5:4. Lesions were located on different parts of the body. Kamino bodies were found in eleven lesions (57.89%). five showed pigmented Kamino bodies (26.31%), four non-pigmented Kamino bodies (21,05%), and 2 (10.52%) had both. Kamino bodies, pigmented or not, are a common histological finding in Reed nevus and may well represent a good marker to differentiate these from malignant melanomas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20175996 1711 downloads

13.

Implications of alcoholic cirrhosis in atherosclerosis of autopsied patients
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Silveira, Luciano Alves Matias da

; Torquato, Bianca Gonçalves Silva

; Oliveira, Mariana Silva

; Juliano, Guilherme Ribeiro

; Oliveira, Lívia Ferreira

; Cavellani, Camila Lourencini

; Ramalho, Luciana Santos

; Espindula, Ana Paula

; Teixeira, Vicente de Paula Antunes

; Ferraz, Mara Lúcia Fonseca

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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apr 2017, Volume 63 N. 4 Pages 336 - 340

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução: O alcoolismo é um grande problema de saúde pública, de elevado custo social e que afeta vários aspectos da atividade humana. Hepatopatia é uma das primeiras consequências do abuso de álcool, podendo ocorrer esteatose, cirrose hepática e hepatite. Outros órgãos, porém, também são afetados, ocorrendo alterações patológicas, como pancreatite, cardiomiopatias, dislipidemias e aterosclerose. Objetivo: Identificar a ocorrência e a intensidade de aterosclerose em alcoolistas com cirrose hepática, observando alterações macro e microscópicas do depósito lipídico e de fibras colágenas e fígado. Verificar a associação de depósito lipídico e de fibras colágenas com gênero, idade e índice de massa corporal (IMC). Relacionar alcoolismo, cirrose hepática e aterosclerose. Método: Foi realizado estudo com base em laudos de autópsias de pacientes com cirrose hepática alcoólica, sendo estudados aortas e fígados para verificar a ocorrência e a intensidade de aterosclerose, bem como a quantidade de colágeno encontrada. Resultados: A aterosclerose microscópica foi maior em jovens (lesão inicial) e em pacientes com cirrose hepática alcoólica. A análise macroscópica da aterosclerose nas aortas mostrou que pacientes com faixas etárias mais avançadas apresentaram classificações mais intensas. A aterosclerose, tanto micro quanto macroscopicamente, e a porcentagem de fibrose no fígado e na aorta foram mais expressivas no gênero feminino. Conclusão: Os pacientes cirróticos apresentaram maior porcentagem de fibrose e lipidose, e podem representar um grupo susceptível à acelerada progressão de doenças cardiovasculares. Estudos investigativos contribuem para o direcionamento das intervenções promotoras da saúde, reduzindo a mortalidade e os custos no tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares.

Summary Introduction: Alcoholism is a major public health problem, which has a high social cost and affects many aspects of human activity. Liver disease is one of the first consequences of alcohol abuse, and steatosis, liver cirrhosis and hepatitis may occur. Other organs are also affected with pathological changes, such as pancreatitis, cardiomyopathies, dyslipidemias and atherosclerosis. Objective: To identify the occurrence and degree of atherosclerosis in alcohol-dependent individuals with liver cirrhosis, observing macroscopic and microscopic changes in lipid and collagen deposits and in the liver. We also aimed to verify the association of lipid and collagen fiber deposits with gender, age and body mass index, and to relate alcoholism, liver cirrhosis and atherosclerosis. Method: We performed a study based on autopsy reports of patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, with analysis of aorta and liver fragments to verify the occurrence and degree of atherosclerosis, as well as collagen contents. Results: Microscopic atherosclerosis was higher in young subjects (early injury) and in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis. The macroscopic analysis of atherosclerosis in aortas showed that patients in more advanced age groups presented more severe classifications. Atherosclerosis, both micro and macroscopically, and the percentage of fibrosis in the liver and aorta were more expressive in females. Conclusion: Cirrhotic patients presented a higher percentage of fibrosis and lipidosis, and may represent a group susceptible to the accelerated progression of cardiovascular diseases. Investigative studies contribute to targeting health-promoting interventions, reducing the mortality and costs of treating cardiovascular disease.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.63.04.336 2724 downloads

14.

Temporal variations in biomass and size of seabob shrimp Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) (Decapoda: Penaeoidea) on the southern coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
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Miazaki, Lizandra Fernandes

; Santos, Ana Paula Freitas dos

; Salvati, Dalilla da Silva

; Alves-Costa, Fernanda Antunes

; Costa, Rogério Caetano da

Nauplius

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2016, Volume 24 elocation e2016025

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862) is the third most common species caught by fishing boats in the state of São Paulo, Brazil and production of this shrimp in the Cananéia region located on the southern coast of this state ranks second in the nation. The aim of this study was to investigate the temporal variation of the total biomass and size of X. kroyeri and analyze this variation against environmental factors in order to suggest some information about the best periods to fish this species. Samples were caught monthly from four sampling stations in Cananéia between July 2012 and June 2014 using a fishing boat equipped with otter-trawl nets. Temperature and salinity were monitored using a multiparameter probe, and sediment samples were also taken using a Van Veen-type gripper for particle size analysis. The shrimp were weighed, quantified, and carapace length was measured (mm). In general, the highest total biomass values were recorded when the fishery was closed in the southeast and south regions, and the highest catch of smaller individuals was also observed during this period. In contrast, in November 2013 the fishing is permitted and high biomass composed of large individuals was observed. The monthly biomass showed a positive relationship with sediment texture, because this species prefers very fine sediments to burrow as a defense against predators.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2358-2936e2016025 939 downloads

15.

Cinética de fermentação in vitro de silagens da parte aérea de mandioca
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Marques, Kléria Maria Souza

; Rocha Júnior, Vicente Ribeiro

; Reis, Sidnei Tavares dos

; Souza, Vanice Mendes de

; Pires, Daniel Ananias de Assis

; Palma, Malber Natham Nobre de

; Silva, Geanderson Walder Vieira da Silva

; Antunes, Ana Paula da Silva

Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal

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mar 2013, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 233 - 247

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Objetivou-se com esta pesquisa avaliar a cinética de fermentação ruminal das silagens de diferentes frações da parte aérea de variedades de mandioca, pela técnica semiautomática de produção de gases. O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro repetições, arranjado em um esquema fatorial 4x3, sendo quatro variedades de mandioca (Amarelinha, Sabará, Olho roxo e Periquita) e três frações da parte aérea (terço superior, sobra de plantio e planta inteira). O material foi ensilado em silos experimentais de PVC, sendo abertos após 56 dias de fermentação. Amostras das silagens foram coletadas e submetidas à pré-secagem, moídas e em seguida procedeu-se ensaio de produção de gases in vitro. As leituras de pressão dos gases produzidos durante as fermentações foram realizadas às 0; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 15; 18; 21; 24; 30; 36; 48; 72 e 96 horas após o início das incubações. As leituras de pressão dos gases foram realizadas por intermédio de transdutor de pressão e, posteriormente ajustadas para o volume de gases. O maior desaparecimento ruminal da MS ocorreu nos tempos entre zero e 24 horas. As maiores produções de gases por hora foram obtidas aproximadamente às 48 horas de fermentação para a variedade Olho Roxo na fração planta inteira. As silagens das diferentes variedades e frações da parte aérea de mandioca apresentaram o mesmo potencial de produção de gases. Entretanto, as silagens da variedade Amarelinha nas frações da parte aérea terço superior e sobras de plantio apresentaram melhores degradabilidades efetiva e potencial.

The objective of this work to determine Kinetics of ruminal fermentation of silages of different fractions of the aerial parts of cassava varieties by technical semiautomatic gas production. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications, arranged in a 4x3 factorial design, four varieties of cassava (Amarelinha, Sabará, Olho Roxo e Periquita) and three fraction of shoots (upper, left over planting and whole plant). The material was ensiled in mini-silos of PVC, being opened after 56 days of fermentation. Silage samples were collected and submitted to pre-dried, ground and then proceeded to test gas production in vitro. The pressure readings of the gases produced during fermentations were performed at 2; 4; 6; 8; 10; 12; 15; 18; 21; 24; 30; 36; 48; 72 and 96 hours after the start of incubations. Pressure readings were made of gases through pressure transducer and subsequently adjusted to the volume of gases. The major ruminal DM disappearance occurred in times between zero and 24 hours. The highest yields of gas per hour were obtained at approximately 48 hours of fermentation for variety in Shiner fraction entire plant. The silages of different varieties and fractions of cassava shoots have the same potential for gas production. However, silage variety of Hopscotch fractions in the upper third of shoot and leftover planting have better effective degradability and potential.

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