Abstract The hydroelectrolytic beverages segment has been expading its market and introducing new flavors in order to meet the demand for new products. However, experimental studies find concerns about the chemical compositions of these drinks. The aim of this study was to develop a drink without synthetic coloring or flavoring, with functional attributes based on the bacaba (Oenocarpus bacaba Mart.) peel extract. Two hydroelectrolytic drinks were developed, one hypotonic and the other isotonic, containing 0.5 and 1.0% of bacaba peel extract. Physicochemical characterization, determination of total phenolic compounds, anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity were perfomed, in addition to color evaluation, as well as sensory analysis by means of preference tests. The developed formulations showed potential antioxidant activity and natural red coloring due to the phenolic compounds and anthocyanins present in the beverages. The sensory evaluation indicated positive acceptance by the tasters regarding the addition of the bacaba peel extract to the beverage formulations. The developed formulations demonstrated that the use of the bacaba peel is a viable option for the production of sports drinks, acting as a natural dye and offering health benefits due to its bioactive compounds.

RESUMO Copaifera multijuga, ou copaíba, é utilizada popularmente como chá para o tratamento de diversas afecções, o que se deve à presença de substâncias antioxidantes em sua composição, que protegem as células contra danos causados pelos radicais livres. O óleo-resina da árvore é usado como antiinflamatório e antitumoral. O presente estudo avaliou o efeito antioxidante do extrato etanólico da casca da copaíba sobre camundongos Swiss machos inoculados com tumor sólido de Ehrlich. Os camundongos foram inoculados subcutaneamente com 1x106 células de tumor de Ehrlich e foram tratados, via gavagem durante 30 dias, com doses de extrato etanólico de copaíba variando de 100 a 200 mg kg-1. Realizou-se análise bioquímica dos antioxidantes enzimáticos [superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutationa-S-transferase (GST)], antioxidantes não-enzimáticos [glutationa reduzida (GSH) e ácido ascórbico (ASA)], substâncias reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e carbonilação proteica (carbonil) em diferentes tecidos e apresentando resultados significativos. O extrato administrado na concentração de 200 mg kg-1 apresentou melhor capacidade antioxidante no fígado, aumentando a CAT, GST, GSH e diminuindo TBARS, além de aumentar a atividade da CAT e da carbonilação proteica no tecido cerebral. Os resultados mostram que o extrato de copaíba foi capaz de reverter o estresse oxidativo causado pelo tumor sólido de Ehrlich, provavelmente por conter compostos antioxidantes, e possivelmente teve um efeito antineoplásico após 30 dias de tratamento.

ABSTRACT Copaifera multijuga, commonly known as copaiba, is popularly used in the form of tea for various conditions due to the presence of antioxidant substances in its composition, which protect cells against damage caused by free radicals. Its oleoresin is also used as an anti-inflammatory and antitumoral agent. The present study investigated the antioxidant effect of the ethanolic extract of copaiba stem bark on Swiss mice inoculated with solid Ehrlich tumors. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously with 1x106 Ehrlich’s tumor cells and treated via gavage with ethanolic extract of copaiba for thirty days, with doses varying between 100 and 200 mg kg-1. Biochemical analyses of enzymatic antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST)], non-enzymatic antioxidants [reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (ASA)], substances reactive to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and protein carbonylation (carbonyl) in different tissues were significantly affected. The extract administered at 200 mg kg-1 presented higher antioxidant capacity in the liver, increased CAT, GST, GSH and decreased TBARS, as well as increased CAT activity and protein carbonylation in brain tissue. The results showed that the copaiba extract was able to reverse the oxidative stress caused by solid Ehrlich tumor, probably due to the presence of antioxidant compounds, and had potential antineoplasic effect after a 30-day treatment.

Objective to analyze the perception of postgraduate students about nursing theories in professional training and practice. Methods it was a qualitative research with 22 students enrolled in the Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Care class of a postgraduate nursing course. Results the lack of teaching of nursing theories at the undergraduate level and the need to insert this object of study in the curricula of the courses were verified, since they support and guide nurses’ actions, corroborating the relationship between theory and practice. The theories conferred scientific thinking and added value to professional performance, ensuring quality and recognition to the profession. Conclusion the contact with the theories in undergraduate studies is limited and resuming the thematic in postgraduation is indicated as opportune. In the perception of the postgraduate students, the knowledge on nursing theories allows professionals to extract their essence, scientifically strengthen their practice and, thus, recognize them as work guidelines.

Objetivo analisar a percepção de pós-graduandos acerca das teorias de enfermagem na formação e na prática profissional. Métodos pesquisa qualitativa, com 22 alunos matriculados na disciplina Fundamentos Teóricos do Cuidado em Enfermagem de um curso de pós-graduação em enfermagem. Resultados evidenciaram-se a carência do ensino das teorias de enfermagem na graduação e a necessidade de inserção deste objeto de estudo nos currículos dos cursos, uma vez que elas sustentam e norteiam as ações do enfermeiro, respaldando a relação entre teoria e prática. As teorias conferiram pensamento científico e agregaram valor ao fazer profissional, assegurando qualidade e reconhecimento à profissão. Conclusão o contato com as teorias na graduação é limitado, e a retomada da temática na pós-graduação é apontada como oportuna. Na percepção dos pós-graduandos, o conhecimento das teorias de enfermagem permite ao profissional extrair sua essência, fortalecer cientificamente sua prática e, assim, reconhecê-las como norteadoras do trabalho.