RESUMO Esta pesquisa propõe utilizar o fungo Aspergillus niger AN 400 no tratamento de matriz aquosa contendo metil paration por meio de reatores em batelada, sendo dividida em duas etapas. Na etapa I, foram montados reatores controle (RCs) contendo apenas metil paration em matriz aquosa; reatores contendo metil paration e suspensão de esporos de fungo (RFs); e reatores contendo metil paration, suspensão de esporos de fungo e etanol (RFEs). A cada tempo de reação (TR), um RC, um RF e um RFE eram colocados fora de operação. Os TRs estudados foram distribuídos em 30 dias. Na etapa II, operou-se um reator com biomassa imobilizada (RBI) alimentado por metil paration e etanol, efetuando-se cinco ciclos cada um com duração de uma semana. Como resultados, na Etapa I, verificou-se que o pH variou de 5 a 8, atingindo remoções finais de 61% (RF) e 89% (RFE) de demanda química de oxigênio (DQO) bruta; 67% (RF) e 52% (RFE) de nitrogênio amoniacal; 34% (RF) e 45% (RFE) de nitrato; 2% (RF) e 15% (RFE) de fósforo total. Na Etapa II, o pH variou de 3 a 8 e as médias de remoção final foram: 94% de DQO filtrada, 88% de DQO bruta, 19% de nitrogênio amoniacal, 96% de nitrato, 12% de fósforo total e metil paration de 95%, com biomassa imobilizada e 73% (95%) com biomassa dispersa. Os resultados mostraram que a utilização do fungo Aspergillus niger AN 400 pode ser uma alternativa no tratamento de água residuária contendo metil paration.

ABSTRACT This research proposes the use of the fungus Aspergillus niger AN 400 in treating aqueous matrix containing methyl parathion in batch reactors. The research was divided into two steps. In Step I, were mounted control reactors (RC) containing only methyl parathion in aqueous matrix; reactors with fungus (RF) containing methyl parathion and suspension of fungus spores; and reactors with fungus and ethanol (RFE) containing methyl parathion, the suspension of fungus spores and ethanol. Each reaction time (TR), one RC, one RF and one RFE were put out of operation. The reaction times were studied in 30 days. In Step II, operated a reactor with immobilized biomass (RBI) with methyl parathion and ethanol, making up 5 cycles each lasting one week. As a result, in Step I, it was found that the pH varied from 5 to 8. The final removal of 61% (RF) and 89% (RFE) of COD; 67% (RF) and 52% (RFE) of ammonia nitrogen; 34% (RF) and 45% (RFE) nitrate; 2% (RF) and 15% (RFE) of total phosphorus. In Step II, the pH ranged from 3 to 8 and the average final removal were 94% of filtered COD, 88% gross COD, 19% of ammonia nitrogen, 96% nitrate, 12% of total phosphorus and 95% of methyl parathion with immobilized biomass and 73% with disperse biomass. The results showed that the use of the fungus Aspergillus niger AN 400 can be an alternative for treating wastewater containing methyl parathion.

Um reator de escoamento contínuo, inoculado com Aspergillus niger AN400, possuía volume total de 5 L e foi operado a 29ºC, com oito horas de tempo de detenção hidráulica e 150 L.h-1 de vazão de ar, para remover 25 mg.L-1 de corante vermelho do congo de água residuária sintética. A alimentação do reator foi realizada em duas fases: Fase I, com 0,5 g.L-1 de sacarose e Fase II, sem sacarose. Na Fase I, foi possível observar eficiências de remoção de matéria orgânica (mg de DQO.L-1) e de cor (mg PT.L-1) de 80 ± 16% e 82 ± 10% (mg Pt.L-1), respectivamente. Na Fase II, a eficiência de remoção de matéria orgânica foi de 75 ± 13% e de cor (mg Pt.L-1) de 89 ± 7%. As maiores remoções de nutrientes foram alcançadas pelo reator na Fase I, com 25% de amônia, 90% de nitrito, 93% de nitrato e 21% de fósforo. Aparentemente, a presença de sacarose melhorou a remoção dos nutrientes.

A continuous flow reactor, inoculated with Aspergillus niger AN400, with total volume of 5 L was operated at 29oC, with eight hours of retention hydraulic time and 150 L.h-1 of air flow rate in order to remove 25 mg.L-1 of Congo Red dye from a synthetic wastewater. The feeding of the reactor, inoculated with Aspergillus niger AN400, was done in two phases: Phase I, with 0,5 g/L of saccharose and Phase II, with no saccharose. In Phase I, it was possible to verify efficiencies of organic matter and color (mg Pt.L-1) removal of 80 ± 16% and 82 ± 10%, respectively. In Phase II, the efficiency of organic matter removal was 75 ± 13% and color removal was 89 ± 7%. The higher removals of nutrients were achieved by the reactor in Phase I with 25% to ammonia, 90% to nitrite, 93% to nitrate and 21% to phosphorus. Apparently, the presence of saccharose improved the removal of the nutrients.