ABSTRACT Introduction: Body composition assessment (BCA) using anthropometric measurements (AM) is used to monitor the nutritional and health status of the elderly. As predictor variables, MAs must be valid, practical, and quick, as they favor adherence and avoid possible resistance and embarrassment on the part of those being assessed and being minimally invasive. Objective: To develop and validate equations using accessible and minimally invasive anthropometric measurements for BCA in elderly women. Methods: 100 women (68.1±6.15 years) were randomly assigned to two groups: validation (n=40; 68.1±6.15 years); and estimation (n=60; 68.4±6.70 years). DXA was selected as the criterion measure, and MAs (body mass, height, skinfolds, circumferences) were selected as predictor variables. Means were compared using the paired Student's t-test; correlations were verified using Pearson's r-test; equations using Multiple Linear Regression. The level of agreement between the groups’ results was checked using the Bland-Altman technique. Results: Two equations developed and tested (E3 and E4) met the validation criteria as they showed adequate correlation coefficients (E3: r=0.73; E4: r=0.70), low constant errors (E3: EC= −0.56; E4: EC=-0.90), total error (E3: ET=3.22; E4: ET=3.06) lower than the Standard Error of Estimate (E3: EPE=3.24; E4: EPE=3.21), indicating no statistically significant difference between the two BCA techniques observed (p>0.05). The Bland-Altman technique showed good agreement between the results of the two techniques. Conclusion: Two were validated: E3 (%Gdxa= −41.556 + 4.041(BMI) + 0.165(DcCox) − 0.440(CircCox) + 0.269(CircQuad) − 0.053(BMI)²); and E4 (%GdxaE4= 15.329 + 1.044(BMI) −1.055(CircAbra) + 0.282(CircQuad) + 0.164(DcCox) − 0.262(CircCox)). Notably, the small number of measurements were located in areas of the body that are easily accessible and have little body exposure, which minimizes possible embarrassment and favors adherence by the elderly. Level of Evidence IV; Correlational study to build a predictive equation.

RESUMEN Introducción: La evaluación de la composición corporal (ECC) mediante medidas antropométricas (MA) se utiliza para monitorizar el estado nutricional y de salud de las personas mayores. Las MA, como variables predictoras, deben ser válidas, prácticas y rápidas, ya que favorecen la adherencia y evitan posibles resistencias y vergüenzas por parte de los evaluados, además de ser mínimamente invasivas. Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar ecuaciones utilizando medidas antropométricas de fácil acceso y mínimamente invasivas para la ECC en mujeres de edad avanzada. Métodos: 100 mujeres (68,1±6,15 años) asignadas aleatoriamente a dos grupos: validación (n=40; 68,1±6,15 años); estimación (n=60; 68,4±6,70 años). Se seleccionó la DXA como medida criterio, y las MA (masa corporal, estatura, pliegues cutáneos, circunferencias) como variables predictoras. Las medias se compararon mediante la prueba t de Student emparejada; las correlaciones se comprobaron mediante la prueba r de Pearson; las ecuaciones mediante Regresión Lineal Múltiple. El nivel de concordancia entre los resultados de los grupos se comprobó mediante la técnica de Bland-Altman. Resultados: Dos ecuaciones desarrolladas y probadas (E3 y E4) cumplieron los criterios de validación, ya que mostraron coeficientes de correlación adecuados (E3: r=0,73; E4: r=0,70), errores constantes bajos (E3: EC= −0,56; E4: EC=-0,90), error total (E3: ET=3,22; E4: ET=3,06) inferior al error estándar de estimación (E3: EPE=3,24; E4: EPE=3,21), lo que indica que no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las dos técnicas de ECC (p>0,05). La técnica de Bland-Altman mostró una buena concordancia entre los resultados de las dos técnicas. Conclusión: Se validaron dos: E3 (%Gdxa= −41,556 + 4,041(IMC) + 0,165(DcCox) − 0,440(CircCox) + 0,269(CircQuad) − 0,053(IMC)²); y E4 (%GdxaE4= 15,329 + 1,044(IMC) −1,055(CircAbra) + 0,282(CircQuad) + 0,164(DcCox) − 0,262(CircCox)). Es de destacar que el reducido número de mediciones se localizaron en zonas del cuerpo de fácil acceso y con poca exposición corporal, lo que minimiza posibles situaciones embarazosas y favorece la adherencia por parte de los ancianos. Nivel de Evidencia IV; Estudio correlacional para construir una ecuación predictiva.

RESUMO Introdução: A avaliação da composição corporal (ACC) com auxílio das medidas antropométricas (MA) é utilizado no acompanhamento do estado nutricional e de saúde das populações idosas. As MAs como variáveis preditoras, devem ser válidas, práticas e rápidas, pois favorecem a adesão e evitam possíveis resistências e constrangimento das avaliadas, além de minimamente invasivas. Objetivo: Desenvolver e validar equações utilizando medidas antropométricas de fácil acesso e minimamente invasivas, para ACC de idosas. Métodos: 100 mulheres (68,1±6,15 anos) distribuídas aleatoriamente por dois grupos: validação (n=40; 68,1±6,15 anos); estimativa (n=60; 68,4±6,70 anos). Como medida critério selecionou-se a DXA, como variáveis preditoras as MAs (massa corporal, estatura, dobras cutâneas, circunferências). As médias foram comparadas com o teste t de Student pareado; as correlações verificadas com o teste r Pearson; as equações com a Regressão Linear Múltipla. O nível de concordância entre os resultados dos grupos foi verificado com a técnica Bland-Altman. Resultados: Duas equações desenvolvidas e testadas (E3 e E4) atenderam aos critérios de validação, pois, apresentaram coeficientes de correlação adequados (E3: r=0,73; E4: r=0,70), erros constantes baixos (E3: EC= −0,56; E4: EC=-0,90), erro total (E3: ET=3,22; E4: ET=3,06) menores que o Erro Padrão de Estimativa (E3: EPE=3,24; E4: EPE=3,21), indicando não existir diferença estatisticamente significativa entre as duas técnicas de ACC observadas (p>0,05). A técnica Bland-Altman demonstrou boa concordância entre os resultados das duas técnicas. Conclusão: Duas equações foram validadas: E3 (%Gdxa= −41,556 + 4,041(IMC) + 0,165(DcCox) – 0,440(CircCox) + 0,269(CircQuad) – 0,053(IMC)²); e E4 (%GdxaE4= 15,329 + 1,044(IMC) −1,055(CircAbra) + 0,282(CircQuad) + 0,164(DcCox) – 0,262(CircCox)). Destaca-se o fato do reduzido número de medidas situarem-se em áreas corporais de fácil acesso e de pouca exposição corporal, que minimizam possíveis constrangimentos e favorecem a adesão das idosas. Nível de Evidência IV; Estudo correlacional para construção de equação preditiva.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Physical exercise can be an alternative for preventing and treating the harmful effects of obesity, mainly inflammatory effects on skeletal muscle and liver tissues. However, no consensus exists regarding this purpose's best physical training model. Objective: Evaluate morphological, metabolic, and inflammatory alterations in rats’ skeletal and hepatic muscle tissues caused by aerobic and resistance training. Methods: 24 Wistar rats were divided into sedentary (S), aerobic (AE), and resistance training (R) groups. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, and serum triglycerides were measured periodically. After euthanasia, body mass was measured to calculate the total mass gain during the experiment. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) was measured. Adipose tissue was extracted to calculate its percentage relative to body mass and the liver, soleus, and gastrocnemius muscles for morphological analyses and concentrations of glycogen, lipids, and Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNF-α). The Kruskall-Wallis test and Dunn's post-test were performed for statistical analysis, adopting p<0.05. Results: Both training models reduced the percentage of adipose tissue, body mass gain, and hepatic TNF-α concentration (p<0.05). AE increased serum HDL, gastrocnemius fiber diameter and reduced the fractal dimension in the soleus (p<0.05). R reduced blood glucose and serum and liver lipids, increased liver and soleus glycogen concentrations, increased gastrocnemius fiber diameter, and decreased TNF-α (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both training models reduced body mass, relative visceral adipose tissue, serum total cholesterol concentration, and liver inflammation. However, resistance training was more effective in promoting metabolic effects in the liver and skeletal muscle and reducing muscle inflammation in rats. Level of Evidence V; Expert Opinion.

RESUMEN Introducción: El ejercicio físico puede ser una alternativa para prevenir y tratar los efectos nocivos de la obesidad, principalmente los efectos inflamatorios sobre los tejidos del músculo esquelético y del hígado. Sin embargo, no existe consenso sobre cuál es el mejor modelo de entrenamiento físico para este fin. Objetivo: Evaluar las alteraciones morfológicas, metabólicas e inflamatorias del entrenamiento aeróbico y de resistencia en sobre los tejidos músculo esqueléticos y hepáticos de ratas. Métodos: 24 ratas Wistar se dividieron en grupos sedentarios (S), aeróbicos (AE) y de entrenamiento de resistencia (R). Se midieron periódicamente glucosa en sangre, colesterol total y triglicéridos. Después de la eutanasia, se midió la masa corporal para calcular la ganancia de masa total durante el experimento. Se midió la lipoproteína de alta densidad (HDL). Se extrajo tejido adiposo para calcular su porcentaje relativo a la masa corporal, así como hígado, músculos sóleo y gastrocnemio para análisis morfológicos y concentraciones de glucógeno, lípidos y Factor de Necrosis Tumoral α (TNF-α). Para el análisis estadístico fueron utilizados Kruskall-Wallis y el post-test de Dunn, adoptando p<0,05. Resultados: Ambos entrenamientos redujeron el porcentaje de tejido adiposo, masa corporal y la concentración de TNF-α hepático (p<0,05). AE aumentó el HDL sérico, el diámetro de la fibra del gastrocnemio y redujo la dimensión fractal en el sóleo (p<0,05). R redujo la glucosa en sangre y los lípidos séricos y hepáticos, aumentó las concentraciones de glucógeno hepático y sóleo, aumentó el diámetro de la fibra del gastrocnemio y disminuyó el TNF-α (p<0,05). Conclusión: Ambos modelos de entrenamiento redujeron la masa corporal, el tejido adiposo visceral relativo, la concentración sérica de colesterol total y la inflamación hepática. El entrenamiento de resistencia demostró ser más eficaz para promover los efectos metabólicos en el hígado y el músculo esquelético, además de reducir la inflamación muscular en ratas. Nivel de Evidencia V; Opinión del Especialista.

RESUMO Introdução: O exercício físico pode se apresentar como uma alternativa para prevenção e tratamento de efeitos deletérios da obesidade, principalmente efeitos inflamatórios sobre os tecidos muscular esquelético e hepático. No entanto, não há consenso quanto ao melhor modelo de treinamento físico para tal finalidade. Objetivos: Avaliar alterações morfológicas, metabólicas e inflamatórias dos treinamentos aeróbico e resistido sobre os tecidos muscular esquelético e hepático de ratos. Métodos: 24 ratos Wistar foram divididos nos grupos sedentário (S), treinamento aeróbico (AE) e resistido (R). Glicemia, colesterol total e triglicerídeos séricos foram mensurados periodicamente. Após a eutanásia, a massa corporal foi mensurada para calcular o ganho total de massa durante o experimento. A lipoproteína de alta densidade (HDL) foi dosada. O tecido adiposo foi extraído para cálculo de sua porcentagem relativa à massa corporal assim como o fígado e os músculos sóleo e gastrocnêmio para as análises morfológicas e das concentrações de glicogênio, lipídios e Fator de Necrose Tumoral α (TNF-α). Para análise estatística, foram utilizados o teste de Kruskall-Wallis e o pós-teste de Dunn, adotando-se p<0,05. Resultados: Ambos os modelos de treinamento reduziram o percentual de tecido adiposo, ganho de massa corporal e concentração hepática de TNF-α (p<0,05). AE aumentou o HDL sérico, o diâmetro das fibras do gastrocnêmio e reduziu a dimensão fractal no sóleo (p<0,05). R reduziu a glicemia e os lipídios séricos e hepáticos, aumentou a concentração de glicogênio hepático e sóleo, aumentou o diâmetro das fibras gastrocnêmicas e diminuiu o TNF-α (p<0,05). Conclusão: Ambos os modelos de treinamento reduziram a massa corporal, o tecido adiposo visceral relativo, a concentração sérica de colesterol total e a inflamação hepática. No entanto, o treinamento resistido mostrou-se mais eficaz em promover efeitos metabólicos no fígado e no músculo esquelético, além de reduzir a inflamação muscular em ratos. Nível de Evidência V; Opinião do Especialista.

ABSTRACT: This in silico study aimed to evaluate the biomechanical behavior of a full-arch implant-supported prosthesis on titanium and zirconia monotype implants. A 3D mandible containing 1.0 mm thick cortical and cancellous bone was modeled. Four dental implants (3.3 x 10 mm) were inserted into the jaw model in each model. The implants consisted of Titanium (Ti-S group) and Zirconia Monotype/one-piece (Zr-S group). Fixed full-arch implant-supported prostheses were cemented onto the implant. The models were exported to the analysis software and divided into meshes composed of nodes and tetrahedral elements. All materials were considered isotropic, elastic, and homogeneous. Therefore, all contacts were considered bonded, the mandible model was fixed in all directions, applying a static structural axial load of 300 N on the bottom of the fossa of the left mola r teeth. Microstrain and von-Mises stress (MPa) were adopted as failure criteria. Comparable stress and strain values were shown in the peri-implant bone for both groups. However, the Ti-S group presented a lower stress value (1,155.8 MPa) than the Zr-S group (1,334.2 MPa). Regarding bone tissues, the Ti-S group presented 612 µε and the Zr-S group presented 254 µε. The highest strain peak was observed in bone tissues around the implant closer to the load for both groups. Evaluating monotype zirconia and titanium implants, it is suggested that the greater the rigidity of the implant, the greater the concentration of internal stre sses and the less dissipation to the surrounding tissues. Therefore, monotype ceramic implants composed of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal polycrystalline zirconia may be a viable alternative to titanium implants for full-arch prostheses.

RESUMEN: El objetivo de este estudio in silico fue evaluar el comportamiento biomecánico de una prótesis implanto soportada de arcada completa sobre implantes monotipo de titanio y zirconia. Se modeló una mandíbula en 3D que contenía tejido óseo cortical y esponjoso de 1,0 mm de espesor. En cada modelo, se insertaron cuatro implantes dentales (3,3 x 10 mm) en el modelo de mandíbula. Los implantes consistieron en Monotipo de Titanio y Zirconia. Sobre el implante se cementaron prótesis implanto soportadas de arcada completa fija. Los modelos se exportaron al software de análisis y se dividieron en mallas compuestas por nodos y elementos tetraédricos. Todos los materiales se consideraron isotrópicos, elásticos y homogéneos. Por lo tanto, todos los contactos se consideraron cementados, el modelo mandibular se fijó en todas las direcciones, aplicando una carga vertical estructural estática de 300 N en el fondo de la fosa de los dientes molares izquierdos. Se seleccionaron la microesfuerzo y la tensión de Von-Mises (MPa) como criterios de falla. Se mostraron valores de tensión y deformación comparables en el hueso periimplantario para ambos grupos. Sin embargo, el grupo Ti-S presentó un valor de estrés menor (1.155,8 MPa) que el grupo Zr-S (1.334,2 MPa). En cuanto a los tejidos óseos, el grupo Ti-S presentó 612 µε y el grupo Zr-S presentó 254 µε. La mayor concentración de deformación en el tejido óseo se observó en los tejidos alrededor del implante más cerca de la carga para ambos grupos. Al evaluar los implantes monotípicos de zirconia y titanio, se sugiere que cuanto mayor sea la rigidez del implante, mayor será la concentración de tensiones internas y menor la disipación a los tejidos circundantes. Por lo tanto, los implantes cerámicos monotipo compuestos de zirconia policristalina tetragonal estabilizada con itrio pueden ser una alternativa viable a los implantes de titanio para prótesis de arcada completa.

ABSTRACT. Among the forage species, especially in semiarid ecosystems, cactus pear is exceptional because of its high tolerance to adverse conditions and high productivity. Due to this alone, several studies have been conducted to identify the main technologies for this crop. Despite being consolidated and integrated, the cactus pear production system has limited accessibility, technical assistance, and availability of information for those dedicated to its production. This study aimed to present a digital platform, website, and applications to provide technical information on the cactus pear and demonstrate the efficiency of these applications through experimental data. On this digital platform, applications were made available for predicting the productivity of cactus pear using artificial neural networks (ANN) on a computer with routines in the R software and by simple linear regression (SLR) on smartphones on the Android system of the MIT App Inventor 2 platform. In addition, using the smartphone app, it is possible to obtain the cladode area through multiple linear regression (MLR). It is also possible to obtain the estimates of the experimental plot sizes by the maximum modified curvature, linear and quadratic methods with plateau response, relative information, comparison of variances, and convenient plot size. The platform provides technical information associated with the cactus pear crop from different sources (dissertations, theses, articles) and formats (video classes and teaching resources), offline for applications, and online with download for publications, dissertations, theses and articles, video classes, and several didactic resources. The biomathematical models integrated with the applications were highly precise in predicting the phenomena, in which the variation explained by the models in the prediction of responses for future observations had R² values of 0.95, 0.72, and 0.92, respectively, for productivity with computer-ANN and smartphone-SLR, and for the cladode area with a smartphone - MLR.

Abstract BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a systemic, immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammatory manifestations in the skin and joints. Vitamin D deficiency is currently considered a pandemic and is associated with comorbidities including psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D [25(OH)D] in patients with plaque psoriasis, with and without PsA, and of independent predictors of serum 25(OH)D levels. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cross-sectional study conducted among 300 patients at an outpatient clinic in a university center in Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: Demographic and clinical data (psoriasis area and severity index [PASI], family history, age at onset, disease duration, and the presence of PsA according to Classification Criteria for Psoriatic Arthritis), skin phototype, and season of the year were reviewed. RESULTS: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was highly prevalent in patients with psoriasis with and without PsA (82.2% and 74.9%, respectively). An inverse correlation between PASI and vitamin D was found (without PsA r = –0.59 and, PsA r = –0.52, P < 0.001), and multivariate regression revealed that hypovitaminosis D was associated with disease severity, season, and phototype. It was confirmed by binary logistic regression between PASI and vitamin D deficiency (< 30 ng/mL), (odds ratio, OR 1.78 CI: –0.20–0.53, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Hypovitaminosis D (< 30 ng/mL) was highly prevalent in psoriatic patients with and without PsA. Season and skin phototype were associated with 25(OH)D levels. An inverse association between PASI and serum 25(OH)D levels was established.

Resumo O objetivo deste artigo é caracterizar o processo de trabalho da equipe de saúde penitenciária no estado da Paraíba. Trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, com abordagem qualitativa, realizada com duas Equipes de Atenção Básica Prisional do estado da Paraíba. Foram feitas entrevistas individuais com os profissionais de saúde, a fim de elucidar o processo de trabalho desenvolvido. O corpus foi composto por dez textos, analisado com auxílio do software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) e exposto por meio da Classificação Hierárquica Descendente (CHD) e da Análise de similitude. A análise do corpus demonstrou que houve 5.417 ocorrências de palavras, difundidas em 1.090 formas, com média de ocorrência de 5,97 palavras para cada forma. A CHD analisou 152 segmentos de texto, com retenção de 75% do corpus, que resultou na construção de quatro partições e seis classes, a saber: atenção às necessidades percebidas; atividade de aconselhamento; acolhimento da PPL e da família; dificuldades relacionadas ao sistema; dificuldades relacionadas aos recursos; e sugestão para formação profissional para EABP.

Abstract This article aims to characterize the work process of the prison health team in the state of Paraíba. This is an exploratory research, with a qualitative approach, carried out with two Prison Primary Care Teams in the state of Paraíba. Individual interviews were carried out with health professionals in order to elucidate the work process developed. The corpus consisted of 10 texts and was analyzed using the software Interface de R pour les Analyzes Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) and exposed through the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) and the Similarity Analysis. The analysis of the corpus showed that there were 5,417 occurrences of words, spread in 1,090 forms, whose average occurrence was 5.97 words for each form. The Descending Hierarchical Classification analyzed 152 text segments, with 75% retention of the corpus, which resulted in the construction of four partitions and six classes, namely: attention to perceived needs; counseling activity; reception of PPL and family; difficulties related to the system; difficulties related to resources; and suggestion for professional training for EABP.

Abstract Soil salinization is an environmental factor that frequently occurs in semi-arid regions around the world and seed priming technique is one of the alternatives to obtain the greatest establishment of seedlings in the field, through the induction of tolerance to environmental stresses. This research aimed to evaluate the effect of seed priming with NaCl on the induction of salinity tolerance in Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão in vitro. The research was carried out at the Center for Strategic Technologies of the Northeast, in Recife / PE-Brazil M. urundeuva seeds were disinfected and submitted to two treatments: water (control) or NaCl (2mM), and inoculated in WPM medium at three saline concentrations (0.0; 25.0 and 50.0 mM NaCl) for 45 days. Plant height, number of leaves, fresh biomass (total, shoot, and root), shoot/root ratio, sodium and potassium and Na/K ratio, antioxidant enzyme activity, and peroxide content were evaluated malondialdehyde hydrogen. The data were subjected to variance analysis and the results were compared using the Student-Newman-Keuls test at 5% probability, using the R software. Seed priming with NaCl promoted a beneficial effect on the height of seedlings exposed to salinity. On the other hand, height was inversely proportional to saline concentrations, regardless of seed priming. The shoot/root ratio was also lower in seedlings cultivated under 25 and 50 mM NaCl. Despite being favorable for most growth variables, seed priming with NaCl induced an increase in lipid peroxidation in seedlings that were not exposed to salinity, which is linked to a decrease in the activity of antioxidant enzymes. The antagonistic response to NaCl stimulation between growth parameters and plant defense observed in the present research raises the need for further complementary studies that make it possible to delineate the metabolic alterations of M. urundeuva against a chemical stimulus to induce tolerance to a given stress.

Resumo A salinização do solo é um fator ambiental que ocorre frequentemente em regiões semi-áridas ao redor do mundo e a técnica de seed priming é uma das alternativas para se obter o maior estabelecimento de mudas no campo, através da indução de tolerância aos estresses ambientais. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do seed priming com NaCl na indução da tolerância à salinidade em Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão in vitro. A pesquisa foi realizada no Centro de Tecnologias Estratégicas do Nordeste, em Recife / PE-Brasil. Sementes de M. urundeuva foram desinfestadas e submetidas a dois tratamentos: água (controle) ou NaCl (2mM), e inoculadas em meio WPM em três concentrações salinas (0.0; 25.0 and 50.0 mM NaCl) por 45 dias. Foi avaliada a altura, número de folhas, biomassa fresca (total, parte aérea e raiz), razão parte aérea / raiz, sódio, potássio, razão Na / K, atividade de enzimas antioxidantes, teores de peróxido de hidrogênio e malondialdeído. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e os resultados comparados pelo teste Student-Newman-Keuls a 5% de probabilidade, utilizando o software R. O priming com NaCl promoveu efeito benéfico na altura de mudas expostas à salinidade. Todavia, a altura foi inversamente proporcional às concentrações salinas, independentemente do priming. A razão parte aérea / raiz foi menor nas mudas cultivadas sob NaCl 25 e 50 mM. Apesar de ser favorável para a maioria das variáveis de crescimento, o seed priming com NaCl induziu aumento na peroxidação lipídica em mudas não expostas à salinidade, o que está relacionado à diminuição da atividade de enzimas antioxidantes. A resposta antagônica à estimulação do NaCl entre parâmetros de crescimento e defesa das plantas na presente pesquisa levanta a necessidade de novos estudos complementares que possibilitem delinear as alterações metabólicas de M. urundeuva frente a um estímulo químico para induzir tolerância a um determinado estresse.

Resumo Lesões Cervicais Não Cariosas (LCNC) são defeitos do tecido dentário, não relacionados à cárie, frequentemente observados na prática odontológica. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da profundidade e espessura da dentina de LCNC na resposta à dor dentária por meio de testes de diagnóstico clínico. 86 dentes de 14 pacientes com LCNC foram avaliados por: profundidade da LCNC, testes clínicos (estímulo evaporativo, para detectar níveis de dor de hipersensibilidade dentinária, teste térmico frio para classificar a saúde pulpar, estímulos percussivos para avaliação do tecido perirradicular e tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC), para avaliação da espessura de dentina remanescente (EDR). Em termos de profundidade, a amostra foi dividida em dois grupos: G1- dentes com LCNCs ≤1,0mm e G2- dentes com LCNCs entre 1,1-2,0 mm. Os dados de dor dentária foram comparados pelo teste de Mann-Whitney e a EDR pelo teste t-Student e correlações pelo teste de Pearson (p <0,05). A profundidade da LCNC não influencia a resposta da dor dentária ao estímulo evaporativo (p = 0,129, teste térmico frio (p = 0,125), teste diagnóstico clínico de percussão vertical (p = 0,317) e horizontal (p = 0,119), porém o G1 apresentou maior EDR (p <0,001) e o teste de correlação mostrou que LCNC mais profunda apresenta menor EDR (p = 0,011 / r = -0,273). Conclusão: Dentes com LCNC de até 2mm de profundidade apresenta níveis semelhantes de dor para hipersensibilidade dentinária, pulpar e saúde perirradicular, independente da profundidade da LCNC. Entretanto, lesões com profundidade ≤1,0mmin apresentaram mais EDR nos achados tomográficos.

Abstract Non-carious Cervical Lesions (NCCL) are dental tissue defects, non-related to caries, frequently observed in the dental practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of NCCL on dentin depth and thickness and the response to dental pain by means of clinical diagnostic tests. 86 teeth from 14 patients with NCCL were assessed by: depth of NCCL, clinical tests (evaporative stimulus, to detect pain levels of dentin hypersensitivity, cold thermal test to classify pulp health, percussive stimuli to evaluate the periradicular tissues and cone beam computed tomography (tomography to evaluate remaining dentin thickness (RDT). In terms of depth, the sample was divided into two groups: G1- teeth with NCCLs ≤1.0mm and G2- teeth with NCCLs between 1.1-2.0 mm. Dental pain data were compared by Mann-Whitney test and RDT by Student’s t-test and correlations by the Pearson test (p<0.05). The depth of NCCL does not influence dental pain response to evaporative stimulus (p=0.129), cold thermal test (p = 0.125), vertical (p = 0.317) and horizontal (p = 0.119) percussion clinical diagnostic tests. However, G1 showed more RDT (p<0.001), and the correlation test showed that deeper NCCL presents smaller remaining dentin thickness (p=0.011/r=-0.273). In conclusion, tooth with NCCL up to 2mm-depth presents similar levels of pain for dentin hypersensitivity, pulp and periradicular tissue independent to NCCL depth, however, lesions with ≤1.0mm-depth showed greater RDT in tomographic findings.

Resumo Fundamento A COVID-19 adicionou um fardo enorme sobre os médicos ao redor do mundo, especialmente as mulheres médicas, que são afetadas pelo aumento da carga de trabalho e pela perda da qualidade de vida. Objetivo Avaliar os efeitos da pandemia de COVID-19 na qualidade de vida, burnout e espiritualidade de médicas brasileiras que atendem pacientes com COVID-19 direta ou indiretamente. Método Estudo prospectivo, observacional realizado de 28 de julho a 27 de setembro de 2020, no Brasil, com mulheres médicas de 47 especialidades, a mais frequente sendo a cardiologia (22,8%), sem restrição de idade. Elas responderam voluntariamente um questionário online com questões sobre características demográficas e socioeconômicas, qualidade de vida (WHOQOL-brief) e espiritualidade (WHOQOL-SRPB) e enunciados do Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. A análise estatística utilizou o software R, regressão beta, árvores de classificação e matriz de correlação policórica, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados Das 769 respondentes, 61,6% relataram sinais de burnout. Cerca de 64% relataram perda salarial de até 50% durante a pandemia. Algumas relataram falta de energia para as tarefas diárias, sentimentos negativos frequentes, insatisfação com a capacidade para o trabalho, e que cuidar de outras pessoas não agregava sentido às suas vidas. Os sentimentos negativos correlacionaram-se negativamente com a satisfação com a vida sexual, a satisfação com as relações pessoais e a energia para as tarefas diárias. A incapacidade de permanecer otimista em tempos de incerteza correlacionou-se positivamente com a sensação de insegurança no dia a dia e com o não reconhecimento de que cuidar de outras pessoas trouxesse sentido à vida. Conclusão O presente estudo mostrou uma alta frequência de burnout entre as médicas brasileiras que responderam ao questionário durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Apesar disso, apresentavam uma qualidade de vida relativamente boa e acreditavam que a espiritualidade trazia-lhes conforto e segurança nos momentos difíceis.

Abstract Background COVID-19 has placed a tremendous burden on physicians worldwide, especially women physicians, affected by increased workload and loss of quality of life. Objective To assess the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the quality of life, burnout and spirituality of Brazilian women physicians directly or indirectly providing care to COVID-19 patients. Methods Prospective, observational study performed from July 28 to September 27, 2020, in Brazil, with women physicians from 47 specialities, the most frequent being cardiology (22.8%), with no age restriction. They voluntarily answered an online survey with questions on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, quality of life (WHOQOL-brief), spirituality (WHOQOL-SRPB), and statements from the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory. Statistical analysis used the R software, beta regression, classification trees, and polychoric correlation matrix, with a 5% of significance level. Results Of the 769 respondents, 61.6% reported signs of burnout. About 64% reported wage loss of up to 50% during the pandemic. Some reported lack of energy for daily tasks, frequent negative feelings, dissatisfaction with capability for work, and caring for others not adding meaning to their lives. Negative feelings correlated negatively with satisfaction with sexual life and personal relations, and energy for daily tasks. The inability to remain optimistic in times of uncertainty correlated positively with feeling unsafe daily and not acknowledging that caring for others brings meaning to life. Conclusion This study showed a high frequency of burnout among Brazilian women physicians who answered the survey during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, they presented with a relatively good quality of life and believed that spirituality comforted and reassured them in hard times.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a autopercepção de crianças e adolescentes com deficiência auditiva e de suas famílias quanto ao uso diário dos dispositivos auditivos, comparando o uso referido com os dados de data logging, bem como conhecer os seus benefícios autorrelatados. Métodos Estudo transversal, observacional, descritivo-analítico. Aplicados questionários a 38 famílias e seus filhos com deficiência auditiva, bem como coletado o data logging com o número de horas/dia de uso dos aparelhos auditivos. Realizada a análise descritiva e comparativa, por meio do coeficiente de Kappa, entre o data logging e o uso referido pelos usuários e famílias, além da análise qualitativa sobre a percepção de ambos com relação aos dispositivos. Resultados As crianças, adolescentes e suas famílias superestimaram, respectivamente, em média, 5,3 e 2,5 horas por dia o tempo de uso, em comparação à medida de data logging. Os usuários referiram benefícios com o uso dos equipamentos, embora o uso e o manuseio dos microfones remotos tenham sido o maior desafio identificado, tanto para eles como para as suas famílias. Conclusão Houve discordância entre o número de horas relatadas pelos usuários e famílias entre si, bem como entre eles e a medição do data logging. As famílias referiram a necessidade de mais orientações quanto aos microfones remotos, o que aponta para a importância da intervenção personalizada voltada ao empoderamento desses familiares, crianças e adolescentes, com o envolvimento da equipe escolar e rede de apoio, identificadas pelas famílias como essenciais para o uso efetivo dos dispositivos auditivos.

ABSTRACT Purpose To analyze the self-perception of hard of hearing children and adolescents and their families about the daily use of hearing devices, comparing the referred use with data logging, as well as knowing the self-reported benefits with hearing aids. Methods Cross-sectional, observational, descriptive-analytical study, with quantitative and qualitative analysis, approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Adapted Questionnaires were applied to 38 children and adolescents and their families, additionally, the data logging of their devices was collected. Descriptive and comparative analysis were performed, using the Kappa coefficient between data logging and the use reported by users and families, in addition to qualitative analysis of their perception about the devices. Results Children, adolescents and their families overestimated, respectively, on average 5.3 and 2.5 hours per day, the time of hearing aids use, compared to the data logging measure. They r eported benefits from using hearing aids, although the use and the handling of remote microphones were the biggest identified challenge , both for the users and for their families. Conclusion There was disagreement between the number of hours reported by users and their families , as well as between them and the data logging measure. Families reported the need for more guidance about remote microphones, which points to the importance of personalized intervention aimed at the empowerment of these family members, children and adolescents, with the involvement of the school team and support network, identified by the families as essential for the effective use of hearing devices.

Abstract Aim: This study aimed to verify the reproducibility of an endurance test for master swimmers. Methods: Seventeen male swimmers, aged from 30 to 50 years (35.06 ± 5.36), weight (78.71 ± 13.06 kg), height (174.35 ± 0.07 cm), participated in this study. The participants underwent the Progressive Swim Test (PSwT), which corresponds to swimming progressively to exhaustion in a 25-meter pool, guided by the recording of sound signals indicating the swimming rhythm. We verified the following variables: heart rate before the test (BHR) and right after the end of the test (AHR), followed by the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) and a total of laps performed (SN - swimming number). For comparison between the three days of tests, the one-way repeated measures ANOVA with Tukey's Post-Hoc was performed. Relative reproducibility was performed by the r test and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Absolute reproducibility was determined using the coefficient of variation (CV) and the confidence interval (CI). Results: The results showed high reproducibility in (PSwT) in master swimmers in the analyzed variables of intergroup and intragroup with relative reproducibility of r > 0.60 and ICC > 0.70 and absolute reproducibility with CI 95% (lower −1.10 and upper 0.99) and CV < 10%. Most of the cases were within the limits of agreement of the Bland-Altman tests, all variables were considered a level of significance with (p <0.05). Conclusion: The Progressive Swim Test (PSwT) is a reproducible instrument in the assessment of endurance in master swimmers.

Abstract Objectives To evaluate the impact of adherence to the cardiac surgical checklist on mortality at the teaching hospital. Methods A retrospective cohort study after the implementation of the cardiac surgical safety checklist in a reference hospital in Latin America. All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and/or heart valve surgery from 2013 to 2019 were analyzed. After the implementation of the project InCor-Checklist “Five steps to safe cardiac surgery” in 2015, the correlation between adherence and completeness of this instrument with surgical mortality was assessed. The EuroSCORE II was used as a reference to assess the risk of expected mortality for patients. Cross-sectional questionnaires were during the implementation of the InCor-Checklist. To perform the correlation, Pearson’s coefficient was calculated using R software. Results Since 2013, data from 8139 patients have been analyzed. The average annual mortality was 5.98%. In 2015, the instrument was used in only 58% of patients; in contrast, it was used in 100% of patients in 2019. There was a decrease in surgical mortality from 8.22% to 3.13% for the same group of procedures. The results indicate that the greater the checklist use, the lower the surgical mortality (r = 88.9%). In addition, the greater the InCor-Checklist completeness, the lower the surgical mortality (r = 94.1%). Conclusion In the formation of the surgical patient safety culture, the implementation and adherence to the InCor-Checklist “Five steps to safe cardiac surgery” was associated with decreased mortality after cardiac surgery. HIGHLIGHTS Checklists avoid human errors and are commonly used in high-reliability industries. The “InCor Checklist” was associated with decreased mortality over time. Adherence, completeness, and sustainability within public policies are necessary.

RESUMO Objetivo: Responder a perguntas relacionadas ao uso de anticoagulantes no tratamento de pacientes com COVID-19. Métodos: Revisão sistemática e meta-análise de ensaios clínicos controlados randomizados de fase 3 comparando o uso de anticoagulantes em pacientes com COVID-19 não hospitalizados e hospitalizados. Os bancos de dados MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials e ClinicalTrials.gov foram investigados desde sua criação até 22 de janeiro de 2022. O risco de viés foi avaliado pela ferramenta de risco de viés da Cochrane, e a qualidade das evidências foi avaliada pelo sistema Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation. Resultados: Inicialmente foram selecionados 401 estudos. Destes, 9 preencheram os critérios de inclusão e, portanto, foram analisados (num total de 6.004 pacientes analisados). Em pacientes com COVID-19 não hospitalizados, não se observou diferença significativa entre anticoagulação profilática pós-alta e nenhuma intervenção no que tange a tromboembolismo venoso ou sangramento em 30 dias. Em pacientes com COVID-19 hospitalizados, a anticoagulação plena resultou em ligeira redução de eventos trombóticos em 30 dias (diferença de risco: −0,03; IC95%: −0,06 a −0,00; p = 0,04; I2 = 78%); a qualidade das evidências foi moderada. No entanto, não se observou diferença significativa entre anticoagulação plena e nenhuma intervenção quanto ao risco de sangramento maior; a qualidade das evidências foi muito baixa. Não se observou diferença significativa entre anticoagulação profilática com dose intermediária e dose-padrão (diferença de risco: −0,01; IC95%: −0,07 a 0,06; p = 0,81; I2 = 0%); a qualidade das evidências foi muito baixa. Conclusões: A anticoagulação terapêutica parece não ter efeito na mortalidade em pacientes com COVID-19, resultando em ligeira redução do tromboembolismo venoso em pacientes hospitalizados.

ABSTRACT Objective: To answer questions related to the use of anticoagulants in the treatment of COVID-19 patients. Methods: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of phase 3 randomized controlled trials comparing the use of anticoagulants in non-hospitalized and hospitalized COVID-19 patients. We searched the following databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov from their inception to January 22, 2022. The risk of bias was assessed by the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool, and the quality of evidence was assessed by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Results: A total of 401 studies were initially selected. Of those, 9 met the inclusion criteria and were therefore analyzed (a total of 6,004 patients being analyzed). In non-hospitalized COVID-19 patients, no significant difference was found between post-discharge prophylactic anticoagulation and no intervention regarding venous thromboembolism or bleeding at 30 days. In hospitalized COVID-19 patients, full anticoagulation resulted in a slight reduction in thrombotic events at 30 days (risk difference, −0.03; 95% CI, −0.06 to −0.00; p = 0.04; I2 = 78%), the quality of evidence being moderate. However, no significant difference was found between full anticoagulation and no intervention regarding the risk of major bleeding, the quality of evidence being very low. No significant difference was found between intermediate- and standard-dose prophylactic anticoagulation (risk difference, −0.01; 95% CI, −0.07 to 0.06; p = 0.81; I2 = 0%), the quality of evidence being very low. Conclusions: Therapeutic anticoagulation appears to have no effect on mortality in COVID-19 patients, resulting in a slight reduction in venous thromboembolism in hospitalized patients.

Resumo O chumbo (Pb) é um metal pesado caracterizado como o principal poluente do solo. A fitorremediação é uma alternativa sustentável e economicamente viável para reduzir a concentração de Pb no ambiente. Inga uruguensis é uma espécie leguminosa arbórea com características favoráveis à fitorremediação, como crescimento rápido e alta produção de biomassa. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o potencial inicial de tolerância e fitorremediação de I. uruguensis para Pb. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação. Além do controle, a contaminação do solo foi realizada com as seguintes doses de Pb: 100, 200, 300, 400 e 500 mg.dm³, com 5 repetições em cada tratamento, totalizando 30 vasos. Foram avaliados crescimento, número e massa de nódulos, teor de clorofila, ureídeos, aminoácidos, proteínas e carboidratos solúveis em folhas, raízes e nódulos, índice de tolerância, matéria seca e teor de Pb nos tecidos de I. uruguensis. Os dados foram analisados pelo teste de Tukey, utilizando os softwares R e SISVAR. Não houve efeito negativo no crescimento de I. uruguensis, a relação simbiótica com a rizobia foi mantida, mesmo com alto teor de Pb e o índice de tolerância não inferior a 0,69. Inga uruguensis apresenta tolerância inicial e potencial para ser usada como fitorremediadora em solos contaminados por Pb.

Abstract Lead (Pb) is a heavy metal considered one of the major soil pollutants. Phytoremediation is a sustainable and economically viable biological method for reducing Pb content in the environment. Inga uruguensis is a tree legume species that has characteristics favorable to phytoremediation, such as rapid growth and high biomass production. The objective of this work was an initial evaluation of tolerance and phytoremediation potential of I. uruguensis to Pb. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse. In addition to the control, soil contamination was carried out with the following Pb doses: 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg.dm³, with 5 repetitions in each treatment, totaling 30 vases. We assessed growth, number and mass of nodules, chlorophyll content, ureids, amino acid, protein and soluble carbohydrates in leaves, roots and nodules, tolerance index, dry matter, and tissues Pb content of I. uruguensis. The data were analyzed by the Tukey test using R and SISVAR software. There was no negative effect of Pb in soil on I. uruguensis growth, the symbiotic relationship with rhizobia was kept, even at high Pb content and the tolerance index was not lower than 0.69. Inga uruguensis has initial tolerance and potential to be used as phytoremediation in soils contaminated by Pb.