Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar el efecto de un ciclo de mejora de la calidad en la implementación de prácticas basadas en la evidencia en el tratamiento de mujeres con enfermedades gestacionales hipertensivas admitidas en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Maternos (UCIM). Método: Estudio cuasiexperimen-tal, sin grupo de control, realizado en una UCIM de un hospital universitario que ha seguido los pasos de un ciclo de mejoramiento de la calidad. Se evaluaron nueve criterios de proceso en todas las mujeres admitidas con un diagnóstico de enfermedades gestacionales hipertensivas en los periodos anterior (n = 50) y posterior a la intervención (n = 50) en 2015. Se estimó el cumplimiento con el intervalo de confianza al 95 %, el porcentaje de no conformidad en los gráficos de Pareto y la significancia del mejoramiento con la prueba de valor Z unilateral (α = 5 %). Resultados: El nivel de calidad inicial fue alto en seis de los nueve criterios (amplitud: 94-100 %), las prácticas con menor adherencia fueron "mantenimiento de sulfato de magnesio" (54 %), "solicitud de ultrasonido fetal" (72 %) y "restricción de agua intravenosa" (78 %). Hubo una mejoría absoluta en cinco de los nueve criterios (amplitud: 2-16 %), que ha sido significativa para la solicitud de ultrasonido fetal (mejoría absoluta: 16 %; p = 0,023) y para el criterio total (4 %; p = 0,01). Conclusión: La intervención de mejoramiento de la calidad propuesta incrementó el cumplimiento de las recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia para el tratamiento de pacientes con hipertensión gestacional ingresados en una UCIM.

Abstract Objective: To assess the effect of a cycle of quality improvement on the implementation of evidence-based practices in the treatment of women with gestational hypertensive diseases admitted to the Maternal Intensive Care Unit (MICU). Method: Quasi-experimental study, without a control group, performed in a MICU of a university hospital which followed the steps of a cycle of quality improvement. Nine process criteria were assessed in all women admitted with a diagnosis of gestational hypertensive diseases in the periods before (n = 50) and after the intervention (n = 50) in 2015. The compliance was estimated with the confidence interval of 95 %, the non-conformities with Pareto charts and the significance of improvement with one-tailed Z-test (α = 5 %). Results: The initial quality level was high in six out of nine criteria (amplitude: 94-100 %), the practices with the lowest adherence were "magnesium sulfate maintenance" (54 %), "fetal ultrasound request" (72 %) and "intravenous fluid restriction" (78 %). There was absolute improvement in five out of nine criteria (amplitude: 2-16 %), which was significant for fetal ultrasound request (absolute improvement: 16 %; p = 0.023) and for the total criteria (4%; p = 0.01). Conclusion: The proposed intervention of quality improvement increased the adherence to evidence-based recommendations for the treatment of patients with gestation-al hypertension admitted to a MICU.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito de um ciclo de melhoria da qualidade na implementação de práticas baseadas em evidências no tratamento de mulheres com doenças hipertensivas gestacionais admitidas em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Materna (UTIM). Método: Estudo quase-experimental, sem grupo de controle, realizado numa UTIM de um hospital universitário que seguiu as etapas de um ciclo de melhoria da qualidade. Avaliaram-se nove critérios de processo em todas as mulheres admitidas com diagnóstico de doenças hipertensivas gestacionais nos períodos anterior (n = 50) e posterior à intervenção (n = 50) em 2015. Estimou-se a conformidade com intervalo de confiança de 95 %, as não conformidades com gráficos de Pareto e a significância da melhoria com teste do valor Z unilateral (α = 5 %). Resultados: O nível de qualidade inicial foi alto em seis dos nove critérios (amplitude: 94-100 %), as práticas com menor adesão foram a "manutenção de sulfato de magnésio" (54 %), "solicitação de ultrassom fetal" (72 %) e "restrição hídrica intravenosa" (78 %). Houve melhoria absoluta em cinco dos nove critérios (amplitude: 2-16 %), que foi significativa para a solicitação de ultrassom fetal (melhoria absoluta: 16 %; p = 0,023) e para o total de critérios (4 %; p = 0,01). Conclusão: A intervenção de melhoria da qualidade proposta aumentou a adesão às recomendações baseadas em evidência para o tratamento de pacientes com doenças.

Abstract INTRODUCTION Five months after the first confirmed case of COVID-19 in Brazil, the country has the second highest number of cases in the world. Without any scientifically proven drug or vaccine available combined with COVID-19’s high transmissivity, slowing down the spread of the infection is a challenge. In an attempt to save the economy, the Brazilian government is slowly beginning to allow non-essential services to reopen for in-person customers. METHODS: In this study, we analyze, based on data analysis and statistics, how other countries evolve and under which conditions they decided to resume normal activity. In addition, due to the heterogeneity of Brazil, we explore Brazilian data of COVID-19 from the State Health Secretaries to evaluate the situation of the pandemic within the states. RESULTS: Results show that while other countries have flattened their curves and present low numbers of active cases, Brazil continues to see an increase in COVID-19 patients. Furthermore, a number of important states are easing restrictions despite a high percentage of confirmed cases. CONCLUSIONS: All analyses show that Brazil is not ready for reopening, and the premature easing of restrictions may increase the number of COVID-19-related deaths and cause the collapse of the public health system.

RESUMO Indústria 4.0 caracteriza-se pela utilização de big data & analytics, robôs autônomos, ferramentas de simulação, integração horizontal e vertical de sistemas, IoT, computação em nuvem, manufatura aditiva, realidade aumentada e cyber security, o que foi transposto para o agronegócio como Agricultura 4.0 ou Agro 4.0. O governo brasileiro vem implementando iniciativas de fomento a esse segmento, sendo a mais recente a Seleção Pública Tecnologias 4.0, para apoio aos temas Agro 4.0, Cidades Inteligentes, Indústria 4.0 e Saúde 4.0. O objetivo deste estudo é caracterizar e avaliar a demanda para o apoio à inovação nas empresas brasileiras através desse edital, com ênfase no Agro 4.0. As informações utilizadas se originam de sistemas e documentos Finep e pesquisa bibliográfica. Foi aplicada a técnica de nuvem de palavras sobre conteúdo de campo não confidencial de cada proposta do tema Agro 4.0. A demanda foi analisada abordando número de projetos e valores frente a porte das empresas, ocorrência de tecnologias habilitadoras, distribuição por Estado e Região, parcerias tecnológicas com ICTs e afunilamento do processo seletivo. Foram analisados qualitativamente e categorizados os termos em destaque na nuvem de palavras. Os resultados apontam que o País está no limiar de nova revolução tecnológica no campo, havendo fortes indícios no sentido da adoção ampla das tecnologias caracterizadoras da Indústria 4.0 e do Agro 4.0. A existência do grande contingente de projetos bem avaliados em todas as linhas temáticas que não poderão receber subvenção aponta a necessidade de continuidade do fomento à inovação no segmento 4.0.

ABSTRACT Industry 4.0 is characterized by the use of big data & analytics, autonomous robots, simulation tools, horizontal and vertical systems integration, IoT, cloud computing, additive manufacturing, augmented reality and cyber security, what was transposed to agribusiness as Agriculture 4.0 or Agro 4.0. The Brazilian government has been implementing initiatives to promote this segment, the most recent being the Public Selection Technologies 4.0, to support the themes Agro 4.0, Smart Cities, Industry 4.0 and Health 4.0. The objective of this study is to characterize and evaluate the demand for supporting innovation in Brazilian companies through this notice, with emphasis on Agro 4.0. The demand was analyzed addressing the number of projects and values i n relation to the size of the companies, the occurrence of key/enabling technologies, distribution by State and Region, technological partnerships with STIs and the narrowing of the selection process. The terms highlighted in the tag cloud were qualitatively analyzed and categorized. The results indicate that the country is on the threshold of a new technological revolution in the field, with strong indications towards the wide adoption of technologies that characterize Industry 4.0 and Agro 4.0. The existence of a large contingent of well-evaluated projects in all thematic lines that will not be able to receive a grant points to the need to continue fostering innovation in segment 4.0.

Este artículo presenta una breve discusión sobre la Psicología del trabajo en Brasil y sus interfaces con las Clínicas del trabajo y el campo de la salud del trabajador. Nuestro punto de partida son los trabajos registrados por investigadores brasileños en el "Simposio Francia-América Latina". Un recorte metodológico nos permitió elegir estos campos disciplinarios mediante la lectura de títulos, resúmenes y referencias de los trabajos presentados. Los textos evidencian una convergencia significativa entre los siguientes temas : la orientación social y crítica en el interés de los sujetos trabajadores ; la complejidad y singularidades que rigen sus experiencias laborales ; los procesos de constitución, los compromisos psíquicos y político-sociales de estos trabajadores. Creemos que una síntesis de las investigaciones presentadas en este coloquio refleja el momento actual de la Psicología del trabajo en Brasil, en sus conexiones con las Clínicas del trabajo y con el campo de la Salud del trabajador.

Este artigo apresenta uma breve discussão sobre a Psicologia do trabalho no Brasil e suas interfaces com as Clínicas do trabalho e com o campo da saúde do trabalhador. Nosso ponto de partida são os trabalhos inscritos por pesquisadores brasileiros no “Simpósio França-América Latina”. Um recorte metodológico permitiu-nos eleger esses campos disciplinares, por meio da leitura de títulos, resumos e referências dos trabalhos apresentados. Os textos evidenciaram uma significativa convergência entre aos seguintes temas : a orientação social e crítica, no interesse pelos sujeitos trabalhadores ; a complexidade e as singularidades que regem suas experiências laborais ; os processos de constituição, os engajamentos psíquicos e político-sociais desses trabalhadores. Acreditamos que uma síntese das pesquisas apresentadas neste colóquio reflete o estágio atual da Psicologia do trabalho no Brasil, em suas conexões com as Clínicas do trabalho e com o campo da Saúde do trabalhador.

Cet article présente une brève discussion sur la Psychologie du travail au Brésil et ses interfaces avec les Cliniques du travail et le champ de la Santé du Travailleur. Les travaux présentés par les chercheurs brésiliens au “ Symposium France-Amérique Latine » constituent notre point de départ. Ces champs disciplinaires ont été définis à partir d'une analyse des titres, des résumés et des références des communications présentées. Les textes ont mis en évidence une convergence significative sur les thèmes suivants : l'orientation sociale et critique, dans l'intérêt des sujets travailleurs ; la complexité et les singularités qui régissent leurs expériences de travail ; les processus de constitution, les engagements psychiques et politico-sociaux de ces travailleurs. Nous pensons qu'une synthèse des recherches présentées dans ce colloque reflète l'état actuel de la Psychologie du travail au Brésil, dans ses liens avec les Cliniques du travail et avec le champ de la Santé du travailleur.

This paper presents a brief discussion about Work psychology, in Brazil, and its interfaces with the Work clinics and the Worker's health field. Our starting point is the set of papers presented by Brazilian researchers in the "France-Latin America Symposium". A methodological cut has allowed us to elect these disciplinary fields by reading titles, reviews and paper references. The texts showed a significant convergence between the following themes : social and critical orientation, keeping interest in the working subjects ; the complexity and singularities that lead their work experiences ; the processes of constitution, the psychic and political-social commitments of these workers. We believe that a synthesis of the researches presented in this colloquium reflects the current moment of the Work Psychology in Brazil, in its connections with the Work Clinics and the Worker's Health.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Estimar as necessidades de recursos humanos e serviços necessários para o atendimento de pacientes que se beneficiariam de cuidados paliativos a partir da projeção de crescimento da população brasileira até 2040. MÉTODO: As estimativas e projeções populacionais e de mortalidade foram obtidas nos dados do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e do Sistema Único de Saúde. As estimativas de estrutura de serviços e recursos humanos foram realizadas a partir de dados da literatura. RESULTADOS: A expectativa de aumento da população brasileira entre 2000 e 2040 é de 31,5%. A estimativa mínima de pacientes com necessidades de cuidados paliativos foi de 662.065 em 2000 e é de 1.166.279 em 2040. O número de equipes necessárias para cada 100 mil habitantes passaria de 1.734 para 2.282 no mesmo período; o número de médicos foi de 4.770 para 6.274 e o número de enfermeiros necessários para atender as demandas dessa população foi de 8.586 para 11.294 nesse espaço de tempo. CONCLUSÃO: A definição de uma estratégia nacional prevendo a necessidade de cuidados crescentes da população se torna necessária. A expansão da rede de assistência a doenças crônicas e não transmissíveis se mostra necessária, porém a capacitação de recursos humanos já existentes em todos os níveis de atenção para desempenhar ações paliativas pode ser uma alternativa factível para minimizar o sofrimento da população.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the human resources and services needed to meet the demand of the Brazilian population who would benefit from palliative care, based on the population growth projection for 2040. METHODS: Population and mortality estimates and projections were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Service needs were estimated based on literature data. RESULTS: The expected increase in the Brazilian population for 2000-2040 is 31.5%. The minimum estimate of patients with palliative care needs was 662,065 in 2000 and 1,166,279 in 2040. The staff required for each hundred thousand inhabitants would increase from 1,734 to 2,282, the number of doctors needed would increase from 4,470 to 6,274, and the number of nurses from 8,586 to 11,294, for the same period. CONCLUSION: The definition of a national strategy predicting the increasing palliative care needs of the population is necessary. The expansion of the support network for chronic and non-transmissible diseases is necessary, but the training of existing human resources at all levels of attention to perform palliative actions can be a feasible alternative to minimize the suffering of the population.

Abstract The development of molecular markers is essential for improvement of soybean cultivars with modified fatty acid content. The objective of this study was to identify and validate SNP markers in candidate genes for fatty acid content in soybean. Six candidate genes (ARAF, PDAT, ABI3, FAD2-1b, FAD3B, and FAD3C) were selected. Alignment of gene sequences identified 25 SNPs and 3 INDELs. TSP primers were used to identify SNP alleles. 259 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) (FA22 / CD219) and 185 F2 progenies (A29 / Tucunaré) were tested for association of SNPs. An SNP for FAD3B was associated with variation in content of linoleic acid (R2 = 5.84%) and linolenic acid (R2 = 6.79%). In FAD3C, an SNP was associated with linoleic and linolenic acids (R2 of 9.21% and 18.51%, respectively). The ABI3 gene was associated with palmitic acid, with R2 = 5.41%. The SNP markers identified will be used in assisted selection for improvement of fatty acid content.

The kinetics of photoisomerization and thermal back reaction of mercury(II) and zinc(II) dithizonates, M(HDz)2, were analyzed by photolysis assays in fluid solution and in poly(methyl methacrylate), PMMA, films. In fluid solution, the photo- and thermoisomerization of both complexes can be described by a single exponential function. The Zn(II) dithizonate exhibits rate constants three orders of magnitude greater than that for Hg(II) complex, which is attributed to the higher charge density of the Zn(II) cation. In PMMA films, the thermal back reaction of both complexes can only be described by bi-exponential functions. On this more rigid medium the rate constants are about one order of magnitude slower than the respective ones in fluid solution and the bi-exponential behavior is related to regions in the polymeric matrix with distinct free volumes. The rate constants for both photo- and thermoisomerization of Zn(HDz)2 in PMMA are reported for the first time and are compared with the well-studied Hg(II) analog. The experimental data provides insights on the role of the metal cation on the photocromic behavior in rigid media, which can lately contribute for technological applications.

ABSTRACT: The Random Forest algorithm is a data mining technique used for classifying attributes in order of importance to explain the variation in an attribute-target, as soil CO2 flux. This study aimed to identify prediction of soil CO2 flux variables in management systems of sugarcane through the machine-learning algorithm called Random Forest. Two different management areas of sugarcane in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, were selected: burned and green. In each area, we assembled a sampling grid with 81 georeferenced points to assess soil CO2 flux through automated portable soil gas chamber with measuring spectroscopy in the infrared during the dry season of 2011 and the rainy season of 2012. In addition, we sampled the soil to evaluate physical, chemical, and microbiological attributes. For data interpretation, we used the Random Forest algorithm, based on the combination of predicted decision trees (machine learning algorithms) in which every tree depends on the values of a random vector sampled independently with the same distribution to all the trees of the forest. The results indicated that clay content in the soil was the most important attribute to explain the CO2 flux in the areas studied during the evaluated period. The use of the Random Forest algorithm originated a model with a good fit (R2 = 0.80) for predicted and observed values.

ABSTRACT Soybeans contain about 30% carbohydrate, mainly consisting of non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) and oligosaccharides. NSP are not hydrolyzed in the gastrointestinal tract of monogastric animals. These NSP negatively affect the development of these animals, especially the soluble fraction. This work aimed to establish a method to quantify NSP in soybeans, using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and to estimate correlations between NSP, oligosaccharides, protein and oil. Sucrose, raffinose + stachyose, soluble and insoluble NSP contents were determined by HPLC. Oil and protein contents were determined by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The soluble PNAs content showed no significant correlation with protein, oil, sucrose and raffinose + stachyose contents, but oligosaccharides showed a negative correlation with protein content. These findings open up the possibility of developing cultivars with low soluble NSP content, aiming to develop feed for monogastric animals.

Resumen Los objetivos de este estudio fueron analizar el contenido de proteína y la diversidad genética de genotipos de soya en regiones de QTL del contenido de proteína para fines de mejoramiento genético. Veintinueve genotipos fueron cultivados en el campo en cuatro ambientes (Viçosa-MG Dec/2009, Visconde do Rio Branco-MG Feb/2010, São Gotardo-MG Feb/2010, y São Gotardo-MG Oct/2011), utilizando un diseño de bloques al azar con tres repeticiones. El contenido de proteína se determinó por espectrometría del infrarrojos. La diversidad genética fue estimada por el análisis de 39 marcadores microsatélites de regiones de QTL del contenido de proteína en el grano. Los pares de genotipos con mayores distancias genéticas y niveles proteicos fueron BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0,71) (45,18%/44,31%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0,71) (45,18%/43,75%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0,71) (45,18%/43,63%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0,62) (43,80%/44,31%); CS3032PTA276-1-2/B3PTA382-2-10 (D=0,62) (43,75%/43,80%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0,62) (43,80%/43,63%); B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0,61) (43,48%/44,31%); y B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0,61) (43,48%/43,75%). Otras combinaciones prometedores para mejorar el contenido de proteína son BR8014887/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0,57) (44,71%/43,63%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA182 (D=0,78) (45,18%/41,84%); BR8014887/CS3032PTA182 (D=0,65) (44,71%/41,84%); BR8014887/PI417360 (D=0,76) (44,71%/41,01%); y PI417360/B3PTA216-1-9 (D=0,80) (41,01%/43,48%). Estos pares de genotipos cuando cruzados debe producir poblaciones con mayores medias y varianzas genéticas y mayores ganancias con la selección.

Abstract The aim of this research were to determine protein content and genetic divergence of soybean genotypes in QTL regions of the trait grain protein content for plant breeding purposes. Twenty-nine soybean genotypes were grown in the field in four environments (Viçosa-MG Dec/2009, Visconde do Rio Branco-MG Feb/2010, São Gotardo-MG Feb/2010, and São Gotardo-MG Oct/2011) using the randomized block design with three replicates. The grain protein content was quantified by the infrared spectrometry method. The genetic divergence was estimated by the analysis of 39 microsatellite markers from QTL regions for the soybean grain protein content. The pairs of genotypes with greater genetic distances and protein contents were as follows: BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.71) (45.18%/44.31%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0.71) (45.18%/43.75%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.71) (45.18%/43.63%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.62) (43.80%/44.31%); CS3032PTA276-1-2/B3PTA382-2-10 (D=0.62) (43.75%/43.80%); B3PTA382-2-10/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.62) (43.80%/43.63%); B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-3-4 (D=0.61) (43.48%/44.31%); and B3PTA216-1-9/CS3032PTA276-1-2 (D=0.61) (43.48%/43.75%), respectively. Other promising combinations for the improvement of protein content were as follows: BR8014887/CS3032PTA190-5-1 (D=0.57) (44.71%/43.63%); BARC-8/CS3032PTA182 (D=0.78) (45.18%/41.84%); BR8014887/CS3032PTA182 (D=0.65) (44.71%/41.84%); BR8014887/PI417360 (D=0.76) (44.71%/41.01%), respectively; and PI417360/B3PTA216-1-9 (D=0.80) (41.01%/43.48%). These pairs of genotypes when crossed should produce populations with higher means and genetic variances and greater gains with selection.

Abstract The efficiency of maize transformation mediated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens is influenced by various factors. The aim of this study was to test the effect of different concentrations of N6 salts (50% - half strength, and 100% - full strength) in the infection and cocultivation media on genetic transformation efficiency of the L3 tropical elite maize line. Immature embryos were transformed via A. tumefaciens harboring the binary vector pTF102 containing the genes uidA and BAR under control of the CaMV35S promoter. The efficiency of the transgenic events produced was 3% for full strength and 1.1% for half strength N6 salts. Although under a lower concentration of salts, GUS expression was stronger; under this concentration, regeneration was less efficient. Thus, the results showed that the presence of 100% N6 salts in the infection and cocultivation media favored genetic transformation of the L3 maize inbred line mediated by A. tumefaciens.

RESUMO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar a divergência genética entre 49 genótipos de soja ( Glycinemax L. Merrill.), visando auxiliar programas de melhoramento voltados à qualidade do grão na escolha de progenitores. A divergência genética foi estimada por meio da distância generalizada de Mahalanobis a partir dos percentuais de proteína, óleo e ácidos graxos oleico, linoleico e linolênico após cultivo dos genótipos em diferentes ambientes. Os genótipos foram agrupados por métodos aglomerativos e as projeções bi e tridimensional da matriz de distância foram obtidas. Os teores médios de proteína e óleo nos quatro ambientes variaram de 34,25 a 45,18% e de 16,48 a 23,01%, respectivamente. Os teores médios dos ácidos graxos oleico, linoleico e linolênico variaram de 20,2 a 42,41%, de 44,17 a 63,18% e de 5,89 a 10,39%, respectivamente. As distâncias genéticas variaram de 0,11 a 251,02 e indicaram variabilidade genética entre os acessos. O par de acessos mais divergente foi PI417360/CD01RR8384, seguido por PI417360/B3PTA213-3-4 e PI417360/BARC-8. Já o par de acessos mais similar foi CS3032PTA276-1-2/CS3032PTA190-5-1, seguido por UFV18/M-SOY8914 e BRSMG Garantia/CD983321RR. Neste estudo, são indicadas como promissoras em termos de variabilidade genética as hibridações envolvendo BARC-8, CD2013PTA, CD01RR8384, CS303TNKCA, PI181544 e PI417360. Dentre esses genótipos, destacam-se BARC-8 e CD2013PTA, com teores proteicos acima de 43%, e CD01RR8384 e CS303TNKCA, com teores de óleo acima de 20%. A utilização desses genótipos geneticamente divergentes e com elevadas médias fenotípicas em futuros cruzamentos deverá produzir recombinantes desejáveis para a qualidade do grão.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this paper was to estimate the genetic divergence among 49 soybean ( Glycine max L. Merrill .) genotypes to assist grain quality-focused breeding programs in the choice of progenitors. The genetic divergence was estimated using the Mahalanobis generalized distance from the percentages of protein, oil, and fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic after cultivation of genotypes in different environments. Genotypes were grouped by agglomerative methods and the two and three-dimensional projections of the distance matrix were obtained. The average protein and oil contents in the four environments ranged from 34.25 to 45.18% and from 16.48 to 23.01%, respectively. The average contents of the fatty acids oleic, linoleic and linolenic ranged from 20.2 to 42.41%, from 44.17 to 63.18%, and from 5.89 to 10.39%, respectively. The genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 251.02 and indicated genetic variability among the accessions. The most divergent pair of accessions was PI417360/CD01RR8384, followed by PI417360/B3PTA213-3-4 and PI417360/BARC-8. The most similar par of accessions was CS3032PTA276-1-2/CS3032PTA190-5-1, followed by UFV18/M-SOY8914 and BRSMG Garantia/CD983321RR. In this study we indicated as promising in terms of genetic variability the hybridizations involving BARC-8, CD2013PTA, CD01RR8384, CS303TNKCA, PI181544, and PI417360. Among these genotypes we can stand out BARC-8 and CD2013PTA, with protein contents above 43%, and CD01RR8384 and CS303TNKCA, with oil contents above 20%. The use of these genetically divergent genotypes and with high phenotypic means in future crosses should produce desirable recombinants for grain quality.

Abstract The objective of this work was to map QTL for agronomic traits in a Brazilian soybean population. For this, 207 F2:3 progenies from the cross CS3035PTA276-1-5-2 x UFVS2012 were genotyped and cultivated in Viçosa-MG, using randomized block design with three replications. QTL detection was carried out by linear regression and composite interval mapping. Thirty molecular markers linked to QTL were detected by linear regression for the total of nine agronomic traits. QTL for SWP (seed weight per plant), W100S (weight of 100 seeds), NPP (number of pods per plant), and NSP (number of seeds per plant) were detected by composite interval mapping. Four QTL with additive effect are promising for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Particularly, the markers Satt155 and Satt300 could be useful in simultaneous selection for greater SWP, NPP, and NSP.

RESUMO A baixa diversidade genética traz limitação ao melhoramento de plantas, pois genótipos semelhantes compartilham alelos em comum causando pouca complementaridade e baixo vigor , devido aos baixos níveis de heterozigosidade obtidos nos cruzamentos .Objetivou-se, com este trabalho, analisar o teor de óleo e a diversidade genética de genótipos de soja com base em regiões de QTL desta característica para a escolha de progenitores visando ao aumento no teor de óleo em soja. Vinte e dois genótipos com ampla variação no teor de óleo incluindo cultivares com altos teores foram cultivados em diferentes condições brasileiras e o teor de óleo nos grãos foi quantificado por espectrometria do infravermelho. Para estimar a diversidade genética foram analisados marcadores microssatélites selecionados com base em regiões de QTL para o teor de óleo em soja. Nestes estudos observou-se ampla variação quanto ao teor de óleo nos grãos e razoável diversidade genética entre os genótipos, sendo a PI181544 a mais divergente, seguida por Suprema. Os genótipos PI371610/Suprema e Suprema/CD01RR8384 mostraram distância genética e maiores teores de óleo nos grãos. Já as cultivares Suprema e CD01RR8384 tiveram os mais altos teores de óleo e se mostraram pouco relacionadas geneticamente. Estes genótipos são progenitores promissores para a seleção de alto teor de óleo em soja.

ABSTRACT The low genetic diversity brings limitation to breeding, because genetically similar genotypes share alleles in common, causing little complementarity and low vigor due to the low levels of heterozygosity in crosses. The objective of this work was to analyze the oil content and genetic diversity of soybean genotypes (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) based on QTL regions of this trait for choice of progenitors for increase in oil content. Twenty-two genotypes with wide variation in oil content, including cultivars with high oil contents, were cultivated in different Brazilian conditions and the oil content of the grains was quantified by infrared spectrometry. Microsatellite markers selected based on QTL regions for oil content in soybean were analyzed to estimate the genetic diversity. In these studies, a wide variation in oil content (17.28-23.01%) and a reasonable diversity among the genotypes were observed, being PI181544 the most divergent genotype, followed by Suprema. The genotypes PI371610/Suprema and Suprema/CD01RR8384 showed genetic distance and higher oil contents in the grains, while the cultivars Suprema and CD01RR8384 had the highest oil contents and proved to be little genetically related. These genotypes are promising progenitors for selection of high oil content in soybean.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a relação entre os parâmetros de divergência em regiões de QTLs e a variância genética em genótipos de soja, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo nos grãos. Dois grupos de genótipos foram avaliados, em diferentes ambientes, quanto aos teores de proteína e óleo e genotipados com marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs. A partir de cada grupo, estabeleceram-se subgrupos por critérios pré-definidos e avaliou-se a relação entre os parâmetros, tendo-se comparado a divergência média e a variância genética entre os subgrupos. Os subgrupos foram definidos com base nos critérios de diferença em divergência média, homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos subgrupos e proximidade em uma projeção tridimensional da matriz de distância. As percentagens de concordância entre maiores valores de divergência média e de variância genética para o total de subgrupos de cada grupo inicial foram de 72,5 e de 73,4%, respectivamente. Portanto, nestes genótipos, há relação positiva entre as estimativas de divergência em regiões de QTL e variância genética para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos. As distâncias genéticas com base nos marcadores moleculares de regiões de QTLs são eficientes para a predição da variabilidade genética em genótipos de soja para os teores de proteína e de óleo dos grãos.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the relationship between the parameters of divergence on QTL regions and the genetic variance in soybean genotypes for protein and oil contents. Two groups of genotypes were evaluated for protein and oil contents in different environments, and genotyped with molecular markers of QTL regions. Subgroups were established by predefined criteria from each group, and the relationship between the parameters was evaluated by comparing mean divergence and genetic variance between the subgroups. The subgroups were defined based on the criteria of difference of mean divergence, homogeneity and heterogeneity in the subgroups, and proximity in a three-dimensional projection of the distance matrix. Percentage agreement between the greater values for mean divergence and genetic divergence for the subgroup total of each initial group was 72.5 and 73.4%, respectively. Therefore, there is a positive relationship between the estimates on QTL regions and genetic variance for protein and oil contents in grains in these genotypes. The genetic distances based on molecular markers of QTL regions are efficient to predict the genetic variability in soybean genotypes, for protein and oil contents.