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Resumo O conteúdo de dopamina nas estruturas cerebrais tem sido relacionado à excitabilidade neuronal e várias abordagens têm sido utilizadas para estudar este fenômeno durante o período de vulnerabilidade às crises. No presente trabalho, descrevemos os efeitos da depleção de dopamina após a administração de 6-hidroxidopamina (6-OHDA) na região pars compacta da substância negra de ratos submetidos ao modelo de epilepsia com pilocarpina. A susceptibilidade ao estado de mal epiléptico induzido pela pilocarpina, bem como a frequência de crises espontâneas e recorrentes durante o período crônico do modelo foi determinada. Sendo o hipocampo uma das principais estruturas afetadas no desenvolvimento desse modelo experimental de epilepsia, os níveis de dopamina nessa região foram determinados após a administração da droga. No primeiro experimento, 62% (15/24) dos ratos pré-tratados com 6-OHDA e 45% (11/24) daqueles que receberam ácido ascórbico como solução controle evoluíram para crises límbicas motoras e para o estado de mal epiléptico, após a administração de pilocarpina. A gravidade das crises durante o período agudo do modelo foi significativamente maior nos ratos epilépticos experimentais (56,52%) do que nos ratos controle (4,16%). No segundo experimento, não houve diferença significante entre os grupos quanto à frequência de crises na fase crônica do modelo. Nossos dados mostraram que a dopamina pode desempenhar um papel importante na gravidade das crises na fase aguda da pilo, o que parece ser exercido por sua ação inibitória da dopamina sobre a expressão motora das crises.

Abstract The dopamine content in cerebral structures has been related to neuronal excitability and several approaches have been used to study this phenomenon during seizure vulnerability period. In the present work, we describe the effects of dopamine depletion after the administration of 6-hidroxidopamine (6-OHDA) into the substantia nigra pars compacta of male rats submitted to the pilocarpine model of epilepsy. Susceptibility to pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE), as well as spontaneous and recurrent seizures (SRSs) frequency during the chronic period of the model were determined. Since the hippocampus is one of main structures in the development of this experimental model of epilepsy, the dopamine levels in this region were also determined after drug administration. In the first experiment, 62% (15/24) of 6-OHDA pre-treated rats and 45% (11/24) of those receiving ascorbic acid as control solution progressed to motor limbic seizures evolving to SE, after the administration of pilocarpine. Severeness of seizures during the model´s the acute period, was significantly higher in epileptic experimental rats (56.52%), than in controls (4.16%). In the second experiment, the frequency of seizures in the model’s chronic phase did not significantly change between groups. Our data show that dopamine may play an important role on seizure severity in the pilo’s model acute period, which seems to be due to dopamine inhibitory action on motor expression of seizure.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.248411

Effects of an immune challenge on the thermal preferences of adult and newborn Liolaemus lizards from Patagonia, Argentina
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DURAN, FERNANDO

; BORETTO, JORGELINA M.

; BECKER, LEANDRO A.

; IBARGÜENGOYTÍA, NORA R.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 2 elocation e20201923

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Body temperature has relevant effects on the immune response. Here, we characterized the thermal biology and health condition of the viviparous lizard Liolaemus kingii from Patagonia (Argentina), by studying field body temperatures, presence of injuries or ectoparasites, body condition (BC), and individual immune response capacity with the phytohemagglutinin (PHA) skin-swelling assay. In addition, we analyzed the effects of injections of a bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) on the preferred temperature (Tp) and BC of adult males and newborns. The PHA treatment caused detectable thickening at 2 and 20 hours post-assay in males, indicating a significant immune response related to an increase in cellular activity. LPS-challenged lizards thermoregulated accurately and at stable body temperatures within the 50% interquartile of Tp (Tset) over the 72-hour period while the control group showed a more variable and lower Tp. Exposure to LPS negatively affected the BC of newborns, whereas it did not affect the BC of adult males. LPS challenges, used as a proxy of pathogen exposures to study lizard behavioral thermoregulation, constitute a practical approach to assess the immunological constraints lizards from high-latitude regions may face due to global warming and anthropogenic disturbances.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320201923

Morphologic and genetic variation within a relict Andean catfish, Hatcheria macraei , and its relationship with Trichomycterus areolatus and Bullockia maldonadoi (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae)
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BECKER, LEANDRO A.

; BATTINI, MIGUEL A.

; BARRIGA, JUAN P.

; AZPELICUETA, MARÍA M.

; JOHNSON, JERALD B.

; CUSSAC, VÍCTOR E.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 N. 1 elocation e20211007

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The South American siluriform fishes are found primarily in the Neotropical region, north and east of the Colorado River of Argentina, with a few relict species distributed southward and westward on both sides of the Andes Mountains. Three of these, the closely related trichomycterids Hatcheria macraei, Trichomycterus areolatus and Bullockia maldonadoi, have been subject to historical taxonomic and nomenclatural arrangements. Here, we amplify a 652-bp fragment of COI mtDNA from 55 H. macraei individuals and use publicly available Cytb mtDNA sequences of the three taxa to assess their relationship, genetic variation and haplotype distribution in relation to hydrographic basins. In addition, we extend a recent morphometric study on H. macraei by analyzing body shape in 447 individuals collected from 24 populations across their entire cis-Andean distribution. We identified some lineages previously assigned to T. areolatus that show a closer relationship to either B. maldonadoi or H. macraei, revealing new boundaries to their currently known trans-Andean distribution. We found a great morphologic variation among H. macraei populations and a high genetic variation in H. macraei, T. areolatus and B. maldonadoi associated with river basins. We highlight further integrative studies are needed to enhance our knowledge of the southern Andean trichomycterid diversity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320211007

Detection of Bartonella bovis DNA in blood samples from a veterinarian in Mexico
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Gamboa-Prieto, Jannete

; Cruz-Romero, Anabel

; Jiménez-Hernández, José A.

; Ramos-Vázquez, José Rodrigo

; Ballados-González, Gerardo G.

; Romero-Salas, Dora

; Pardío-Sedas, Violeta T.

; Esparza-Gonzalez, Sandra C.

; Becker, Ingeborg

; Sánchez-Montes, Sokani

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2023, Volume 65 elocation e62

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The genus Bartonella encompasses 38 validated species of Gram-negative, facultative intracellular bacteria that colonize the endothelial cells and erythrocytes of a wide spectrum of mammals. To date, 12 Bartonella species have been recorded infecting humans, causing diseases of long historical characterization, such as cat scratch fever and trench fever, and emerging bartonellosis that mainly affect animal health professionals. For this reason, this study aimed to report a documented case of Bartonella bovis infecting a veterinarian from Mexico by the amplification, sequencing and phylogenetic reconstruction of the citrate synthase (gltA) and the RNA polymerase beta-subunit (rpoB) genes, and to report the natural course of this infection. To our knowledge, this work is the first to report the transmission of B. bovis via needlestick transmission to animal health workers in Latin America.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202365062

Nefrectomía radical con trombectomía de vena cava: 20 años de cirugías por tumor renal
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Rojas, Pablo A.

; Bravo, Juan Cristóbal

; Navarro, Renato

; Villagran, Sofía

; Zúñiga, Álvaro

; Troncoso, Pablo

; Becker, Pedro

; Briceño, Eduardo

; Francisco, Ignacio F. San

Revista médica de Chile

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aug 2022, Volume 150 N. 8 Pages 994 - 999

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Background: Vena cava (VC) involvement in kidney tumors occurs in 4 to 10% of cases, and is associated with a higher mortality. Nephrectomy with thrombectomy of the VC, performed by a multidisciplinary team, improves survival. Aim: To report a series of consecutive nephrectomies with caval thrombectomy performed in an academic center. Patients and Methods: We report 32 patients with cT3b and 3c renal tumors, who underwent radical nephrectomy with VC thrombectomy between 2001 and 2021. A descriptive analysis of clinical, surgical and pathological variables was performed. Overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: The mean tumor size was 9.7 cm. According to Mayo classification 3/32 (9%) patients had a type I thrombus, 10/32 (31%) had a type II thrombus, 8/32 (25%) had a type III thrombus, and 5/32 (16%) had a type IV thrombus. The mean bleeding was 2000 cc. There was one intraoperative death. Nineteen percent of patients had complications >= 3 according to Clavien-Dindo classification. Reoperations occurred in 9%. Pre and postoperative creatinine levels were 1.17 and 1.91 mg/dl respectively (p < 0.01). Pre and postoperative Hematocrit levels were 47.9 and 31% respectively (p = 0.02). Sixty six percent of tumors were clear cell renal cancer, 9% were papillary and 3% were chromophobic. Mean OS was 10 months. Two-year SCE was 40%. Conclusions: Our results are similar to those reported elsewhere. Despite being an unusual pathology, the surgical technique has been improving, thanks to the multidisciplinary work of urologists and surgeons.

Ficocianina como indicador de cianobactérias em reservatórios
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Silva, Thiago T. da

; Albuquerque, Rufina A. M

; Becker, Helena

Química Nova

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2022, Volume 45 N. 2 Pages 165 - 170

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

Phycocyanin is a pigment present in cyanobacteria whose optical characteristics favor its application in clinical, dietary, and environmental aspects. There are reports of studies of these pigments in lakes and reservoirs, which present different analysis methodologies. Based on this information, this work aims to evaluate correlations between phycocyanin and the number of cyanobacteria to optime the methodologies mentioned above. The samples were collected from four reservoirs in the semiarid region of Ceará, and the applied methodology was based on the work of Hórvath (2013). The spectrophotometry and the fluorimetry analyzes were performed in this analysis. The analytical curves for the phycocyanin showed high linearity, and the fluorimetric technique, which was used due to its greater analytical sensitivity. The absorbance coefficient (2.57 mL mg-1 cm-1) was obtained by spectrophotometry, which was lower than that reported in the literature. The correlations found were higher and significant for phycocyanin (r > 0.70) for the reservoirs, while the correlations with chlorophyll were much lower, hence is contrary to what was observed in the literature. It is concluded that the phycocyanin pigment should be used as an indicator in the estimation of cyanobacteria in reservoirs, replacing the use of chlorophyll for the same function.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170814

HOW DOES WATER DEFICIT AFFECT GLADIOLUS GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT?
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Becker, Camila C.

; Gubiani, Paulo I.

; Streck, Nereu A.

; Uhlmann, Lilian O.

; Tomiozzo, Regina

Engenharia Agrícola

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oct 2021, Volume 41 N. 5 Pages 517 - 525

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The growing demand for gladiolus, especially at peaks of consumption, requires efficient scheduled production and good quality of floral stems. The objective of this study was to understand how water deficit affects the growth and development of gladiolus and, consequently, the quality of the floral stems produced. Plant development, quantitative parameters of the floral stems, and dry mass partitioning were evaluated in two field experiments with four gladiolus cultivars, with and without irrigation. The development cycle was longer in the non-irrigated treatment, whereas its duration under no water deficit was similar to that predicted by PhenoGlad, which is a gladiolus phenology model. As PhenoGlad predicts gladiolus development only for scenarios without water deficit, the inclusion of a water-stress submodel in the model would allow its application to any water supply scenario and help decision makers and farmers to plan gladiolus production more accurately. Water deficit also reduced gladiolus growth and flower stem size, but did not affect dry mass partitioning. As the development and quality of the floral stems of gladiolus were negatively affected by water stress, irrigation is essential for producing high-quality gladiolus floral stems and enabling production planning for peaks of consumption.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v41n5p517-525/2021

Climate risk zoning for gladiolus production under three climate change scenarios
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Becker, Camila C.

; Streck, Nereu A.

; Schwab, Natalia T.

; Uhlmann, Lilian O.

; Tomiozzo, Regina

; Ferraz, Simone E. T.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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may 2021, Volume 25 N. 5 Pages 297 - 304

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivou-se neste estudo desenvolver um zoneamento de risco climático para a cultura do gladíolo nos cenários de mudança climática previstos para o final do século no Rio Grande do Sul, considerando a ocorrência de danos causados por altas e baixas temperaturas. O modelo PhenoGlad foi utilizado neste estudo para determinar os períodos recomendados para plantio ao longo do ano em todo o Rio Grande do Sul. O modelo foi rodado para datas de plantio diários (de 01 janeiro a 31 dezembro), para diferentes ciclos de desenvolvimento da cultura (Precoce, Intermediário I, Intermediário II e Tardio). Os cenários de mudança climática utilizados foram do CMIP5: RCP2.6, RCP4.5 e RCP8.5, representing optimist, intermediate and pessimist scenarios of greenhouse gases emission, respectively. As datas de plantio foram consideradas recomendadas quando danos na cultura por altas ou baixas temperaturas ocorreram em menos de 10% dos anos avaliados. Regiões mais quentes como Uruguaiana e Iraí apresentam o menor período recomendado para plantio ao longo do ano nos três cenários climáticos. Plantios entre agosto e dezembro não são recomendados devido a maior chance de danos por altas temperaturas. Regiões mais frias como Bom Jesus serão favorecidas nos cenários de mudança climática, pois haverá uma ampliação do período recomendado para plantio nas épocas do ano que atualmente sofrem danos por baixas temperaturas. Para atender à demanda de gladíolo durante os períodos mais quentes do ano, será necessário desenvolver técnicas para reduzir os danos por altas temperaturas na cultura, como cultivares mais tolerantes ou o uso de telas de sombreamento sobre a cultura.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a climate risk zoning for damage to gladiolus due to low and high temperature under climate change scenarios projected by the end of the century in the Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The PhenoGlad model was used in this study to determine the recommended periods for planting gladiolus throughout the year across the Rio Grande do Sul State. The model was run for daily planting dates (from 01 January to 31 December), for different gladiolus developmental cycles (Early, Intermediate I, Intermediate II and Late). The climate change scenarios were from CMIP5: RCP2.6, RCP4.5 and RCP8.5, representing optimistic, intermediate and pessimistic scenarios of greenhouse gases emission, respectively. Planting dates were considered recommended when crop damage, due to high or low temperatures, occurred in less than 10% of the years. Warmer regions like Uruguaiana and Iraí have the shortest recommended time for planting throughout the year in the three climate change scenarios. Plantings between August and December are predicted to be the most affected and are not recommended because of the higher chance of damage from high temperatures. Colder regions like Bom Jesus will be favored in climate change scenarios since there will be an extended recommended period for planting in the seasons of the year that currently suffer damage by low temperatures. To meet demands of gladiolus during the hottest period of the year, it will be necessary to develop techniques to reduce damage from high temperatures in the crop, such as more tolerant cultivars or the use of shading screens on the crop.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n5p297-304 261 downloads

Efficacy of imiquimod 5% cream as first-line management in cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania mexicana
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Fuentes-Nava, Gabriela

; Tirado-Sánchez, Andrés

; Fernández-Figueroa, Edith A.

; Sánchez-Montes, Sokani

; Becker, Ingeborg

; Bonifaz, Alexandro

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e0305-2020

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) involves several differential diagnoses as it lacks a gold standard diagnostic test. Its diagnosis is easier in endemic regions; however, many cases come from travelers to endemic areas. A 22-year-old patient, who had recently visited Oaxaca, Mexico, developed two asymptomatic ulcers weeks later on the left auricle and the nose. Leishmania mexicana was identified using polymerase chain reaction. The patient was treated with imiquimod 5% cream three times/week, providing favorable results after 12 weeks, without relapse 2 months after therapy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CL due to L. mexicana effectively treated with imiquimod.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0305-2020 289 downloads

10.

Allergens of the urushiol family promote mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting the electron transport at the level of cytochromes b and chemically modify cytochrome c1
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Pacheco, Rodrigo

; Quezada, Sergio A.

; Kalergis, Alexis M.

; Becker, María Inés

; Ferreira, Jorge

; Ioannes, Alfredo E. De

Biological Research

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2021, Volume 54 elocation 35

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background: Urushiols are pro-electrophilic haptens that cause severe contact dermatitis mediated by CD8+ effector T-cells and downregulated by CD4+ T-cells. However, the molecular mechanism by which urushiols stimulate innate immunity in the initial stages of this allergic reaction is poorly understood. Here we explore the sub-cellular mechanisms by which urushiols initiate the allergic response. Results: Electron microscopy observations of mouse ears exposed to litreol (3-n-pentadecyl-10-enyl-catechol]) showed keratinocytes containing swollen mitochondria with round electron-dense inclusion bodies in the matrix. Biochemical analyses of sub-mitochondrial fractions revealed an inhibitory effect of urushiols on electron flow through the mitochondrial respiratory chain, which requires both the aliphatic and catecholic moieties of these allergens. Moreover, urushiols extracted from poison ivy/oak (mixtures of 3-n-pentadecyl-8,11,13 enyl/3-n-heptadecyl-8,11 enyl catechol) exerted a higher inhibitory effect on mitochondrial respiration than did pentadecyl catechol or litreol, indicating that the higher number of unsaturations in the aliphatic chain, stronger the allergenicity of urushiols. Furthermore, the analysis of radioactive proteins isolated from mitochondria incubated with 3H-litreol, indicated that this urushiol was bound to cytochrome c1. According to the proximity of cytochromes c1 and b, functional evidence indicated the site of electron flow inhibition was within complex III, in between cytochromes bL (cyt b566) and bH (cyt b562). Conclusion: Our data provide functional and molecular evidence indicating that the interruption of the mitochondrial electron transport chain constitutes an important mechanism by which urushiols initiates the allergic response. Thus, mitochondria may constitute a source of cellular targets for generating neoantigens involved in the T-cell mediated allergy induced by urushiols.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-021-00357-z 33 downloads

11.

High occurrence of felid alphaherpesvirus 1 and feline calicivirus in domestic cats from southern Brazil
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Becker, Alice S.

; Monteiro, Francielle Liz

; Scariot, Ana Carolina A.

; Chagas, Domitila B.

; Fischer, Geferson

; Lima, Marcelo de

; Hübner, Silvia O.

Pesquisa Veterinária Brasileira

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sep 2020, Volume 40 N. 9 Pages 685 - 689

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: Alphaherpesvírus felídeo 1 (FeHV-1) e calicivírus felino (FCV) afetam gatos mundialmente. O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a frequência de ocorrência de FeHV-1 e FCV em gatos com sinais clínicos de doença respiratória, oral e/ou ocular. Amostras foram coletadas de gatos atendidos em ambulatório e clínicas veterinárias e submetidas à detecção molecular e isolamento viral. Dos 49 gatos avaliados, 45 (92%) foram positivos para ao menos um dos vírus; 82% (40/49) foram positivos para o FeHV-1 e 41% (20/49) para o FCV. Destes, 31% (15/49) foram casos de coinfecção. Para o FeHV-1, 45% (18/40) dos gatos foram positivos na coleta do swab ocular, e o mesmo percentual (9/20) foi obtido para o FCV a partir do swab oral. FeHV-1 e/ou FCV foram isolados em 35% (17/49) das amostras. O principal sinal clínico observado foi secreção ocular em 71% (35/49) dos gatos, caracterizada como serosa, purulenta ou serossanguinolenta e, em alguns casos, associada à lesão e quemose. Nossos resultados demonstram a alta ocorrência de FeHV-1 e FCV em gatos domésticos na região Sul do Brasil e indicam que devem ser implementadas medidas para melhorar o diagnóstico, a prevenção e o manejo contra essas importantes doenças.

ABSTRACT: Felid alphaherpesvirus 1 (FeHV-1) and feline calicivirus (FCV) affect cats worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of occurrence of FeHV-1 and FCV in cats with clinical signs of respiratory, oral and/or ocular disease. Samples were collected from cats cared for in veterinary ambulatory and clinics and submitted to molecular detection and viral isolation. Of the 49 cats evaluated, 45 (92%) were positive for at least one of the viruses; 82% (40/49) were positive for FeHV-1 and 41% (20/49) for FCV. Of these, 31% (15/49) were coinfection cases. For FeHV-1, 45% (18/40) of the cats tested were positive from the collection of eye swab, and the same percentage (9/20) was obtained for the FCV by the oral swab. FeHV-1 and/or FCV were isolated in 35% (17/49) of the samples. The main clinical sign observed was ocular secretion in 71% (35/49) of cats, characterized as mild serous, purulent or serosanguineous, and in some cases associated with ocular injury and marked chemosis. Our findings demonstrate the high occurrence of FeHV-1 and FCV in domestic cats in southern Brazil and indicate that measures should be implemented to improve the diagnostic, prevention and management against of these important diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-6641 534 downloads

12.

Detection of Bartonella and Rickettsia in small mammals and their ectoparasites in México
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Sánchez-Montes, Sokani

; Cabrera-Garrido, Martín Yair

; Ríos-Muñoz, César A.

; Lira-Olguín, Ali Zeltzin

; Acosta-Gutiérrez, Roxana

; Mata-Galindo, Mario

; Hernández-Vilchis, Kevin

; Navarrete-Sotelo, D. Melissa

; Colunga-Salas, Pablo

; León-Paniagua, Livia

; Becker, Ingeborg

Therya

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aug 2019, Volume 10 N. 2 Pages 69 - 79

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Fleas and sucking lice are important vectors of multiple pathogens causing major epidemics worldwide. However these insects are vectors of a wide range of largely understudied and unattended pathogens, especially several species of bacteria’s of the genera Bartonella and Rickettsia. For this reason the aim of the present work was to identify the presence and diversity of Bartonella and Rickettsia species in endemic murine typhus foci in Hidalgo, México. A cross-sectional study was carried out to collect small mammals and their associated ectoparasites during October, 2014. Samples of liver and ear of hosts, and ectoparasites were fixed in absolute ethanol and examined to identify the presence of Bartonella and Rickettsia DNA by the amplification of specific fragments of the gltA and ompB genes using conventional PCR. The recovered sequences were compared with those deposited in GenBank, and phylogenetic analyzes were carried out to identify the position of the pathogens detected with respect to the valid species previously reported worldwide. A total of 47 fleas and 172 sucking lice, belonging to five families (Ceratophyllidae, Leptopsyllidae, Ctenophtalmidae, Hoplopleuridae, Polyplacidae) and related to six species were collected from 40 rodents of four species and one shrew. Only four hosts (two P. beatae, and two R. norvergicus) were positive to Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella vinsonii and Rickettsia typhi. In the case of ectoparasites, 23 specimens of two flea species (Peromyscopsylla hesperomys and Plusaetis mathesoni) tested positive for B. vinsonii. No evidence of Bartonella or Rickettsia was detected in any lice. Our findings represent the first record of Bartonella elizabethae a confirmed zoonotic pathogen causing endocarditis in México and several new associations of Bartonella with Mexican flea species, which highlight the importance of the establishment of active entomological surveillance in wildlife.

Resumen: Las pulgas y los piojos son vectores de patógenos causantes de epidemias de importancia histórica. Sin embargo, estos insectos son vectores de una amplia gama de patógenos poco estudiados y no atendidos, especialmente varias especies de bacterias de los géneros Bartonella y Rickettsia. Por este motivo, el objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar la presencia y diversidad de las especies de Bartonella y Rickettsia en un foco de tifus murino en el estado de Hidalgo, México. Se realizó un estudio transversal para recolectar hospederos y sus ectoparásitos durante octubre de 2014. Las muestras de hígado y oreja de los hospederos y los ectoparásitos se fijaron en etanol absoluto y se examinaron para identificar la presencia de ADN de Bartonella y Rickettsia mediante la extracción de DNA y amplificación de fragmentos específicos de los genes gltA y ompB. Las secuencias obtenidas fueron comparadas con aquellas depositadas en GenBank y se realizaron análisis filogenéticos para identificar la posición de los patógenos detectados respecto a las especies válidas previamente reportadas a nivel mundial. Se recolectaron un total de 47 pulgas y 172 piojos chupadores, pertenecientes a seis especies de cinco familias (Ceratophyllidae, Leptopsyllidae, Ctenophtalmidae, Hoplopleuridae, Polyplacidae) asociados con 40 roedores de cuatro especies y una musaraña. Sólo cuatro hospederos (dos P. beatae, y dos R. norvergicus) resultaron positivos para Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella vinsonii y Rickettsia typhi. En el caso de los ectoparásitos, 23 ejemplares de dos especies de pulgas (Peromyscopsylla hesperomys y Plusaetis mathesoni) fueron positivos para B. vinsonii. No se detectó evidencia de ninguno de los dos patógenos en los piojos analizados. Nuestros hallazgos representan el primer registro de Bartonella elizabethae, un patógeno zoonótico confirmado que causa endocarditis en México y varias asociaciones nuevas de Bartonella con especies de pulgas mexicanas, lo cual resalta la necesidad de implementar vigilancia entomológica activa para el monitoreo de estos patógenos en animales silvestres.

https://doi.org/10.12933/therya-19-722 1136 downloads

13.

Developing a 3D mineral texture quantification method of drill core for geometallurgy
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Voigt, M.J.

; Miller, J.

; Bbosa, L.

; Govender, R.A.

; Bradshaw, D.

; Mainza, A.

; Becker, M.

Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy

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apr 2019, Volume 119 N. 4 Pages 347 - 353

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Mineral texture is a critical factor which controls ore variability and is an important attribute in geometallurgy. In relation to downstream processes, it affects the fracture pattern during breakage, where rock strength is inherently a function of mineral texture. Because of the subjective nature of mineral texture, it has not been easy to quantify, especially in the context of a measurement suitable for use in geometallurgical programmes. The aim of this paper is to present the first steps in developing a 3D mineral texture quantification method for drill core and to assess its sensitivity to differences in rock strength using a case study. The methodology includes classifying the textural information using the 3D grey level co-occurrence matrices (GLCM) and X-ray computed tomography (XCT) coupled method. Rock strength tests were performed using the split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB). The case study investigates a heterogeneous polymetallic sulphide deposit and a homogeneous shale subdivided into three 'mineral textural types'. The variability is largely captured by the GLCM matrices, and preliminary trends can be observed where the shale is finer grained and has a higher yield strength in comparison with the coarser grained polymetallic sulphide ore.

https://doi.org/10.17159/2411-9717/590/2019 711 downloads

14.

A new cecidogenous species of many-plumed moth (Alucitidae) associated with Cordiera A. Rich. ex DC. (Rubiaceae) in the Brazilian Cerrado
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Moreira, Gilson R.P.

; Pereira, Cristiano M.

; Becker, Vitor O.

; Specht, Alexandre

; Gonçalves, Gislene L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2019, Volume 36 elocation e34604

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Larvae of many-plumed moths (Alucitidae), especially in the world-wide genus Alucita Linnaeus, 1758 are known as borers or gall-inducers on flowers, fruits and shoots of a few dicotyledonous families, including Bignoniaceae, Caprifoliaceae and Rubiaceae. However, there is no study available on the biology of the monotypic, Neotropical genus Prymnotomis Meyrick, 1931 except for its original description that was based on a single male, the holotype of Prymnotomis crypsicroca Meyrick, 1931 from Espirito Santo, Brazil. We describe here a second species for this genus, Prymnotomis cecidicola sp. nov. whose larvae induce galls on Cordiera elliptica (Cham.) Kuntze (Rubiaceae), a dioecious plant with dimorphic inflorescences found in the Brazilian Cerrado, Planaltina City, Federal District. Adults, larvae, pupae and galls are illustrated under light and scanning electron microscopy. Galls are green, spherical, unilocular and develop individually on C. elliptica flower buds. During development they look like fruits in shape and colour but are larger, do not have style scars when on female plants, and are induced also in male inflorescences. Pupation occurs outside the gall within a silk cocoon, presumably in the litter. A preliminary analysis of DNA barcode sequences including putative members of other alucitid lineages and Neotropical BINs (Barcode Index Number) supports Prymnotomis cecidicola sp. nov. as an independent phylogenetic unit, with 12 to 18% divergence. Its nearest-neighbour was the BIN cluster 5 (BOLD:AAA0842) that includes specimens from Costa Rica.

https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e34604 438 downloads

15.

Influences of the area, shape and connectivity of coastal lakes on the taxonomic and functional diversity of fish communities in Southern Brazil
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Hartz, Sandra M.

; Rocha, Elise A.

; Brum, Fernanda T.

; Luza, André L.

; F.R., Taís de

; Becker, Fernando G.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2019, Volume 36 elocation e23539

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In this study we investigated the influence of landscape variables on the alpha taxonomic and functional diversity of fish communities in coastal lakes. We built an analytical framework that included possible causal connections among variables, which we analyzed using path analysis. We obtained landscape metrics for the area, shape and connectivity (estuary connectivity and primary connectivity to neighboring lakes) of 37 coastal lakes in the Tramandaí River Basin. We collected fish data from 49 species using standardized sampling with gillnets and obtained a set of traits related to dispersal abilities and food acquisition. The model that best explained the taxonomic diversity and functional richness took into account the shape of the lakes. Functional richness was also explained by estuary connectivity. Functional evenness and dispersion were not predicted by area or connectivity, but they were influenced by the abundant freshwater species. This indicates that all lakes support most of the regional functional diversity. The results highlight the importance of the dispersal process in this lake system and allow the conclusion that considering multiple diversity dimensions can aid the conservation of local and regional fish communities.

https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.36.e23539 1045 downloads

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