Metabolism of anabolic androgenic steroids is important for its physiological effects. The aim was to investigate the effects of finasteride (a 5α-reductase inhibitor - 5αR) on cardiac and mutagenic effects promoted by ND. Male Wistar rats were separated into three groups: CONT, received the vehicles of ND and finasteride (Peanut oil+Saline); DECA group, received ND (20 mg.kg.week-1, i.m.), and DECAF received ND and finasteride (100 µg.kg-1, i.p.), for four weeks. After, hypertrophy, cytokines and Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) activity was determined in heart. Bone marrow was used for micronucleus evaluation. Treatment with ND promotes increase in cardiac hypertrophy, ACE activity and disbalance among pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and combination with finasteride worsened those effects. Association with finasteride ameliorates the toxic effects of ND on bone marrow cells, as was observed by a normalization of the number of micronucleate polychromatic erythrocytes and the mitotic index. Our data demonstrates that deleterious effects promoted by ND are depend, at least in part, of its metabolization. Also, inhibition of 5αR by finasteride present variated effects dependent on organ studied. It can promote increase on cardiac damage and a reduction on mutagenic effects of ND, which demonstrated that dehydronandrolone has diverse role on ND effects..

Resumo O presente artigo busca avaliar o consumo alimentar de trabalhadores bancários e sua associação com fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e laborais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 515 bancários. Para avaliar o consumo alimentar foi utilizado Questionário de Frequência Alimentar semiquantitativo, empregando-se a análise de componentes principais com rotação varimax para determinação dos padrões alimentares. Foram identificados três padrões alimentares: “hortaliças, frutas, cereais e tubérculos”, “doces e petiscos” e “tradicional e proteico”. Constatou-se que os indivíduos que não consumiam adoçantes possuíam mais chances de aderirem ao padrão “hortaliças, frutas, cereais e tubérculos” e menos chances de aderirem aos padrões “doces e petiscos” e “tradicional e proteico”. Os bancários, que raramente comiam em restaurante, tinham três vezes mais adesão ao “doces e petiscos”. Entretanto, os que consumiam temperos industrializados e os que relataram receber baixo apoio social tinham, respectivamente, 2,3 e 1,5 vezes mais chances de aderirem ao “tradicional e proteico”. Conclui-se que o consumo alimentar de bancários não está relacionado às condições sociodemográficas destes indivíduos, estando associado a estes padrões alimentares, o comportamento e a percepção do apoio social recebido.

Abstract This paper aimed to evaluate food consumption of bank employees and its association with socioeconomic, behavioral and labor factors. This is a cross-sectional study with 515 bank employees. To evaluate food consumption, a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used. The analysis of main components with Varimax rotation was used to determine the dietary patterns. Three dietary patterns were identified: “vegetables, fruits, cereals and tubers”, “sweets and snacks” and “traditional and protein”. We found that individuals who did not consume sweeteners were more likely to adhere to the “vegetables, fruits, cereals and tubers” pattern and were less likely to adhere to the “sweets and snacks” and “traditional and protein” patterns. Bank employees who rarely ate in restaurants were three times more likely to adhere to the “sweets and snacks” pattern. However, those who used to consume industrialized seasoning and those who reported receiving low social support were, respectively, 2.3 and 1.5 times more likely to adhere to the “traditional and protein” pattern. We can conclude that food consumption of bank employees is not related to the sociodemographic conditions of these individuals, and behavior and perception of social support received is associated with these dietary patterns.

Resumo O presente artigo busca avaliar o consumo alimentar de trabalhadores bancários e sua associação com fatores socioeconômicos, comportamentais e laborais. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 515 bancários. Para avaliar o consumo alimentar foi utilizado Questionário de Frequência Alimentar semiquantitativo, empregando-se a análise de componentes principais com rotação varimax para determinação dos padrões alimentares. Foram identificados três padrões alimentares: “hortaliças, frutas, cereais e tubérculos”, “doces e petiscos” e “tradicional e proteico”. Constatou-se que os indivíduos que não consumiam adoçantes possuíam mais chances de aderirem ao padrão “hortaliças, frutas, cereais e tubérculos” e menos chances de aderirem aos padrões “doces e petiscos” e “tradicional e proteico”. Os bancários, que raramente comiam em restaurante, tinham três vezes mais adesão ao “doces e petiscos”. Entretanto, os que consumiam temperos industrializados e os que relataram receber baixo apoio social tinham, respectivamente, 2,3 e 1,5 vezes mais chances de aderirem ao “tradicional e proteico”. Conclui-se que o consumo alimentar de bancários não está relacionado às condições sociodemográficas destes indivíduos, estando associado a estes padrões alimentares, o comportamento e a percepção do apoio social recebido.

Abstract This paper aimed to evaluate food consumption of bank employees and its association with socioeconomic, behavioral and labor factors. This is a cross-sectional study with 515 bank employees. To evaluate food consumption, a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used. The analysis of main components with Varimax rotation was used to determine the dietary patterns. Three dietary patterns were identified: “vegetables, fruits, cereals and tubers”, “sweets and snacks” and “traditional and protein”. We found that individuals who did not consume sweeteners were more likely to adhere to the “vegetables, fruits, cereals and tubers” pattern and were less likely to adhere to the “sweets and snacks” and “traditional and protein” patterns. Bank employees who rarely ate in restaurants were three times more likely to adhere to the “sweets and snacks” pattern. However, those who used to consume industrialized seasoning and those who reported receiving low social support were, respectively, 2.3 and 1.5 times more likely to adhere to the “traditional and protein” pattern. We can conclude that food consumption of bank employees is not related to the sociodemographic conditions of these individuals, and behavior and perception of social support received is associated with these dietary patterns.

OBJECTIVE: Insulin resistance is characterized by the failure of target cells to respond to normal levels of circulating insulin, and this condition is related to cardiovascular disease. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of insulin resistance and its association with markers of metabolic abnormalities and metabolic syndrome in bank employees. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed on 498 working men and women aged ≥20 years old. The Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA-IR) was used to determine the presence of insulin resistance based on cut-off values of ≤2.71 for normal insulin levels and >2.71 for insulin resistance, as established for the adult Brazilian population. RESULTS: It was observed that the 52 (10.4%) overweight individuals with insulin resistance were 4.97 times (95%CI 1.31-18.83) more likely to have high HOMA-IR values than the normal-weight participants; among those who were obese, the likelihood increased to 17.87 (95%CI 4.36-73.21). Individuals with large waist circumferences were 3.27 times (95%CI 1.03-10.38) more likely to develop insulin resistance than those who were within normal parameters. The HOMA-IR values differed between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome, with values of 2.83±2.5 and 1.10±0.81 (p=0.001), respectively. The levels of insulin, ultrasensitive C-reactive protein and uric acid were also associated with insulin resistance. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of insulin resistance among bank employees is high, and insulin resistance is associated with and serves as a marker of metabolic syndrome. Cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome-associated metabolic abnormalities were observed, and insulin resistance may be a risk factor in this group of professionals.

Resumo O estresse ocupacional tornou-se uma das principais causas de adoecimento, constituindo-se importante risco ao bem-estar psicossocial dos trabalhadores. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de estresse ocupacional em funcionários de uma rede bancária da Grande Vitória/ES e verificar sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e características do trabalho. Foi realizado um estudo transversal envolvendo 525 funcionários bancários. O estresse ocupacional foi avaliado utilizando-se a versão reduzida da Job Stress Scale. Procedeu-se a analise multivariada para verificar a associação entre os quadrantes de Karasek e as variáveis independentes. Verificou-se que a maioria dos bancários pertenceu ao quadrante de trabalho passivo (34,4%, n = 179), avaliado como de risco intermediário ao estresse ocupacional. Considerando a categoria de baixa exigência como padrão, estiveram associadas ao maior risco de estresse, possuir baixa escolaridade (Odds 3,69, IC 1,64 – 8,28), trabalhar nas agências bancárias (Odds 2,55, IC 1,36 – 4,77), trabalhar no banco há mais de 5 anos (Odds 3,32, IC 1,89 - 5,81), ter carga horária diária de trabalho de 6h (Odds 2,72, IC 1,27 – 5,81), e principalmente apresentar baixo apoio social (Odds 2,57, IC 1,45 - 4,56).

Abstract Occupational stress has become a major cause of illness and a major risk to the psychological and social well-being of workers. In this context, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of occupational stress in employees of a banking network in the municipal region of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, and its association with sociodemographic variables and work characteristics. This cross-sectional study involved 525 bank employees. Occupational stress was evaluated using the short version of the Job Stress Scale. A multivariate analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the Karasek quadrants and the independent variables. It was found that most bank employees belonged to the “passive jobs” quadrant (34.4%, n = 179) and were considered to have an intermediate risk of occupational stress. Considering the “low demand jobs” category as the standard, the increased risk of stress was associated with low education levels (odds ratio, 3.69, 95% CI, 1.64–8.28), working in bank agencies (odds ratio, 2.55, 95% CI, 1.36–4.77), a length of employment at the bank of more than five years (odds ratio, 3.32, 95% CI, 1.89–5.81), a daily work period of six hours (odds ratio, 2.72, 95% CI, 1.27–5.81), and, mainly, low social support (odds ratio, 2.57, 95% CI 1.45– 4.56).

Resumo O estresse ocupacional tornou-se uma das principais causas de adoecimento, constituindo-se importante risco ao bem-estar psicossocial dos trabalhadores. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de estresse ocupacional em funcionários de uma rede bancária da Grande Vitória/ES e verificar sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas e características do trabalho. Foi realizado um estudo transversal envolvendo 525 funcionários bancários. O estresse ocupacional foi avaliado utilizando-se a versão reduzida da Job Stress Scale. Procedeu-se a analise multivariada para verificar a associação entre os quadrantes de Karasek e as variáveis independentes. Verificou-se que a maioria dos bancários pertenceu ao quadrante de trabalho passivo (34,4%, n = 179), avaliado como de risco intermediário ao estresse ocupacional. Considerando a categoria de baixa exigência como padrão, estiveram associadas ao maior risco de estresse, possuir baixa escolaridade (Odds 3,69, IC 1,64 – 8,28), trabalhar nas agências bancárias (Odds 2,55, IC 1,36 – 4,77), trabalhar no banco há mais de 5 anos (Odds 3,32, IC 1,89 - 5,81), ter carga horária diária de trabalho de 6h (Odds 2,72, IC 1,27 – 5,81), e principalmente apresentar baixo apoio social (Odds 2,57, IC 1,45 - 4,56).

Abstract Occupational stress has become a major cause of illness and a major risk to the psychological and social well-being of workers. In this context, the aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of occupational stress in employees of a banking network in the municipal region of Vitória, state of Espírito Santo, and its association with sociodemographic variables and work characteristics. This cross-sectional study involved 525 bank employees. Occupational stress was evaluated using the short version of the Job Stress Scale. A multivariate analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between the Karasek quadrants and the independent variables. It was found that most bank employees belonged to the “passive jobs” quadrant (34.4%, n = 179) and were considered to have an intermediate risk of occupational stress. Considering the “low demand jobs” category as the standard, the increased risk of stress was associated with low education levels (odds ratio, 3.69, 95% CI, 1.64–8.28), working in bank agencies (odds ratio, 2.55, 95% CI, 1.36–4.77), a length of employment at the bank of more than five years (odds ratio, 3.32, 95% CI, 1.89–5.81), a daily work period of six hours (odds ratio, 2.72, 95% CI, 1.27–5.81), and, mainly, low social support (odds ratio, 2.57, 95% CI 1.45– 4.56).

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar como trabalhadores bancários avaliam seu estado de saúde e os principais fatores associados a esse indicador nessa população. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 525 funcionários de uma rede bancária do Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. A magnitude das associações foi avaliada através de regressão logística hierarquizada em níveis. Verificou-se que 17% (n = 87) dos bancários autoavaliaram seu estado de saúde como regular ou ruim. Estiveram associados à pior autoavaliação de saúde o reduzido nível socioeconômico (OR = 1,80; IC95%: 1,06-3,05), o estilo de vida sedentário (OR = 2,64; IC95%: 1,42-4,89), o excesso de peso (OR = 3,18; IC95%: 1,79-5,65), o baixo apoio social (OR = 3,71; IC95%: 2,10-6,58) e a presença de doenças crônicas (OR = 5,49; IC95%: 2,46-12,27). Concluiu-se que, comparado com outras localidades, houve um expressivo número de bancários que autoavaliaram seu estado de saúde como regular ou ruim, e que a presença de doenças crônicas apresentou-se como o fator de maior impacto sobre a forma como o indivíduo avalia sua própria saúde.

The aim of this study was to determine how bank employees assess their health status and risk factors associated with this indicator in this population. This is a cross-sectional study involving 525 workers of a banking system in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The magnitude of the associations was assessed using logistic regression hierquizada in levels. It was found that 17% (n = 87) of bank self-rated their health status as fair or poor. Were associated with worse self-assessed health of the low socioeconomic level (OR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.06-3.05), the sedentary lifestyle (OR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.42-4.89), the excess weight (OR = 3.18; 95%CI: 1.79-5.65), low social support (OR = 3.71; 95%CI: 2.10-6.58), and the presence of chronic diseases (OR = 5,49; 95%CI: 2.46-12.27). It is concluded that, compared with other locations, there was a significant number of banking that self-rated their health status as fair or poor, and that the presence of chronic diseases was presented as the factor with the greatest impact on how the individual evaluates their own health.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar cómo los empleados del banco a evaluar su estado de salud y factores de riesgo asociados a este indicador en esta población. Se trata de un estudio transversal con 525 trabajadores de un sistema bancario en el estado de Espírito Santo, Brasil. La magnitud de las asociaciones se evaluó mediante regresión logística hierquizada en niveles. Se encontró que 17% (n = 87) de los trabajadores del banco auto-calificaron su estado de salud como regular o mala. Se asociaron con la salud autopercibida peor del bajo nivel socio-económico (OR = 1,80; IC95%: 1,06-3,05), el sedentarismo (OR = 2,64; IC95%: 1,42-4,89), el exceso de peso (OR = 3,18; IC95%: 1,79-5,65), el baja apoyo social (OR = 3,71; IC95%: 2,10-6,58), y la presencia de enfermedades crónicas (OR = 5,49; IC95%: 2,46-12,27). Se concluye que, en comparación con otros lugares, hubo un número significativo de la banca que la auto-calificaron su estado de salud como regular o mala, y que la presencia de enfermedades crónicas se presenta como el factor de mayor impacto en cómo los evalúa individuales su propia salud.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar como trabalhadores bancários avaliam seu estado de saúde e os principais fatores associados a esse indicador nessa população. Trata-se de um estudo transversal com 525 funcionários de uma rede bancária do Estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. A magnitude das associações foi avaliada através de regressão logística hierarquizada em níveis. Verificou-se que 17% (n = 87) dos bancários autoavaliaram seu estado de saúde como regular ou ruim. Estiveram associados à pior autoavaliação de saúde o reduzido nível socioeconômico (OR = 1,80; IC95%: 1,06-3,05), o estilo de vida sedentário (OR = 2,64; IC95%: 1,42-4,89), o excesso de peso (OR = 3,18; IC95%: 1,79-5,65), o baixo apoio social (OR = 3,71; IC95%: 2,10-6,58) e a presença de doenças crônicas (OR = 5,49; IC95%: 2,46-12,27). Concluiu-se que, comparado com outras localidades, houve um expressivo número de bancários que autoavaliaram seu estado de saúde como regular ou ruim, e que a presença de doenças crônicas apresentou-se como o fator de maior impacto sobre a forma como o indivíduo avalia sua própria saúde.

The aim of this study was to determine how bank employees assess their health status and risk factors associated with this indicator in this population. This is a cross-sectional study involving 525 workers of a banking system in the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. The magnitude of the associations was assessed using logistic regression hierquizada in levels. It was found that 17% (n = 87) of bank self-rated their health status as fair or poor. Were associated with worse self-assessed health of the low socioeconomic level (OR = 1.80; 95%CI: 1.06-3.05), the sedentary lifestyle (OR = 2.64; 95%CI: 1.42-4.89), the excess weight (OR = 3.18; 95%CI: 1.79-5.65), low social support (OR = 3.71; 95%CI: 2.10-6.58), and the presence of chronic diseases (OR = 5,49; 95%CI: 2.46-12.27). It is concluded that, compared with other locations, there was a significant number of banking that self-rated their health status as fair or poor, and that the presence of chronic diseases was presented as the factor with the greatest impact on how the individual evaluates their own health.

El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar cómo los empleados del banco a evaluar su estado de salud y factores de riesgo asociados a este indicador en esta población. Se trata de un estudio transversal con 525 trabajadores de un sistema bancario en el estado de Espírito Santo, Brasil. La magnitud de las asociaciones se evaluó mediante regresión logística hierquizada en niveles. Se encontró que 17% (n = 87) de los trabajadores del banco auto-calificaron su estado de salud como regular o mala. Se asociaron con la salud autopercibida peor del bajo nivel socio-económico (OR = 1,80; IC95%: 1,06-3,05), el sedentarismo (OR = 2,64; IC95%: 1,42-4,89), el exceso de peso (OR = 3,18; IC95%: 1,79-5,65), el baja apoyo social (OR = 3,71; IC95%: 2,10-6,58), y la presencia de enfermedades crónicas (OR = 5,49; IC95%: 2,46-12,27). Se concluye que, en comparación con otros lugares, hubo un número significativo de la banca que la auto-calificaron su estado de salud como regular o mala, y que la presencia de enfermedades crónicas se presenta como el factor de mayor impacto en cómo los evalúa individuales su propia salud.

Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar o perfil químico de folhas de Alpinia purpurata K. Schum (AP), assim como a reatividade vascular e o efeito hipotensor agudo (EHA) do extrato etanólico de folhas de AP (EEAP). Avliou-se o perfil químico utilizando-se HPLC-UV, ICP-OES e quantificação colorimétrica de flavonoides e polifenóis totais. A reatividade vascular foi determinada utilizando leito mesentérico isolado de ratos WKY. Curvas dose-resposta do EEAP e do material inorgânico da AP (IAP) foram realizadas em animais SHR e WKY. Determinaram-se a segurança citotóxica e mutagênica pelo teste de micronúcleos. Flavonoides tipo rutina foram quantificados no EEAP (1,8±0,03%) e flavonoide total e polifenóis foram de 4,1±1,8% e 5,1±0,3%, respectivamente. Observou-se ação vasodilatadora do EEAP, mediada parcialmente pelo óxido nítrico (·NO). O IAP revelou a presença de cálcio (137,76±4.08 μg.mg-1 de Ca). O EEAP e IAP apresentaram EHA em animais WKY e SHR. Não se observaram efeitos citotóxicos e alterações cromossômicas provocadas pelo EEAP. O EEAP mostrou um EHA que poderia resultar de ação vascular dependente do endotélio. Rutina, entre outros polifenóis e flavonoides, poderia estar contribuindo para essas atividades biológicas e o cálcio presente no EEAP, poderia agir de maneira sinérgica.

The aims of this study were to evaluate the chemical profile, vascular reactivity, and acute hypotensive effect (AHE) of the ethanolic extract of leaves of Alpinia purpurata (Vieill) K. Schum (EEAP). Its chemical profile was evaluated using HPLC-UV, ICP-OES, and colorimetric quantification of total flavonoids and polyphenols. The vascular reactivity of the extract was determined using the mesenteric bed isolated from WKY. AHE dose-response curves were obtained for both EEAP and inorganic material isolated from AP (IAP) in WKY and SHR animals. Cytotoxic and mutagenic safety levels were determined by the micronucleus test. Rutin-like flavonoids were quantified in the EEAP (1.8 ± 0.03%), and the total flavonoid and polyphenol ratios were 4.1 ± 1.8% and 5.1 ± 0.3%, respectively. We observed that the vasodilation action of EEAP was partially mediated by nitric oxide (·NO). The IAP showed the presence of calcium (137.76 ± 4.08 μg mg-1). The EEAP and IAP showed an AHE in WKY and SHR animals. EEAP did not have cytotoxic effects or cause chromosomic alterations. The AHE shown by EEAP could result from its endothelium-dependent vascular action. Rutin-like flavonoids, among other polyphenols, could contribute to these biological activities, and the calcium present in EEAP could act in a synergistic way.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and related factors in bank employees in the city of Vitória/ES, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included 521 working men and women >20 years of age. Sociodemographic, lifestyle, anthropometric, biochemical, and hemodynamic characteristics were collected. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-ATPIII and the International Diabetes Federation. A logistic regression model was used to calculate the crude and adjusted OR of the variables, and the statistical level of significance was set at 5.0%. RESULTS: We identified 86 (17.2%) and 113 (22.6%) subjects with metabolic syndrome according to the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program-ATPIII and the International Diabetes Federation, respectively. The risk of developing metabolic syndrome was higher in individuals with a high school education (OR 2.6 [CI95%, 1.1-6.1]). In overweight and obese subjects, the risks were also higher (OR 12.6 [CI95%, 4.8-33.2, p = 0.000] and OR 43.7% [CI95%, 16.1-118.9, p = 0.000], respectively). CONCLUSION: A large number of bank employees have metabolic syndrome, which can be associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Individuals who had college degrees had a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome; this finding can be explained by the high rates of overweight and obesity found in subjects with college and graduate school educations.

O objetivo deste estudo foi o de determinar o impacto de um Programa de atenção Farmacêutica (AF) em uma amostra de pacientes ambulatoriais de Sistema Público de Saúde do Brasil portadores de Síndrome Metabólica, randomizados em AF ou atenção à saúde usual. Realizou-se o seguimento farmacoterapêutico com 120 pacientes com diabetes tipo 2 durante seis meses. Avaliou-se o nível de aderência ao tratamento (teste Morisky), resultados clínicos negativos associados a medicamentos (RNM), parâmetros bioquímicos e antropométricos, antes e após o seguimento. O método de Framingham foi usado para calcular as variações no risco de doenças coronarianas em 10 anos em todos os pacientes. Dos 120 pacientes, 96 tiveram características de SM e foram então randomizados em dois grupos (G): Controle (GC: 36) e Intervenção (GI: 38). Entre os pacientes com SM, 100% faziam uso de medicamentos para diminuir a glicose, anti-hipertensivos (GC: 72%; GI: 73%) e hipoglicemiantes (GC: 12.0%; GI: 14.7%). Apenas 20,7% do GI foram considerados aderentes aos fármacos prescritos. No GC foi observado aumento do risco de Doença Arterial Coronariana (DAC) (22±2 para 26±3; p<0,05), enquanto no GI foi observado redução (22±2 para 14±2%; p<0,01). O Programa de AF para pacientes com SM monitorados na atenção primária do Sistema de Saúde Pública brasileiro melhora o funcionamento do serviço resultando na melhoria clínica dos pacientes com redução do risco de doença cardiovascular em um período de dez anos.

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of a pharmaceutical care (PC) program in a sample of public outpatients with metabolic syndrome (MS) who were being treated in Brazil's health system; the patients were randomized into PC or standard care. The pharmacotherapy follow-up (PF) was performed in a total of 120 patients with type 2 diabetes for 6 months. Adherence to treatment (measured with the Morisky test), negative outcomes associated with medication (NOM) and anthropometric and biochemical parameters were measured before and after PF. The Framingham scoring method was used to estimate changes in 10-year coronary heart disease risk scores in all patients. Ninety-six of 120 patients had characteristics of MS and were randomized into two groups (G): the control group (CG: 36) and the intervention group (IG: 38). Among the MS patients, 100% were taking a glucose-lowering drug; many were also taking anti-hypertensive drugs (CG: 72%; IG: 73%), and some patients were also taking hypolipemic drugs (CG: 12.0%; IG: 14.7%). Only 20.7% of the IG patients were considered adherent to their prescribed drugs. In the CG, an increase of coronary heart disease (CHD) risk (22±2 to 26±3; p<0.05) was observed, while in the IG, there was a reduction in CHD risk (22±2 to 14±2%; p<0.01). The PC program administered to patients with MS monitored through the primary healthcare services of the Brazilian public health system improved patient health, resulting in clinical improvements and a decrease in cardiovascular risk in IG patients over a period of ten years.

O presente estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a satisfação de usuários de um serviço de atenção farmacêutica, implantado em uma farmácia comunitária privada no município de Vitória - ES. Trata-se de um estudo observacional de corte transversal, cuja coleta dos dados se deu por meio da aplicação de um questionário de satisfação. O instrumento foi aplicado por indivíduo treinado e sem vínculo com os estabelecimentos avaliados. Foi utilizada uma escala de intensidade de cinco pontos do tipo Likert, cujo menor número representa a opção "ruim" e o maior à opção "excelente". Também foi avaliado, para efeito de comparação, o nível de satisfação de usuários de dois outros estabelecimentos farmacêuticos que não possuíam esta prática implantada. Neste caso, os pacientes foram selecionados de forma aleatória, porém pareados pela idade. Foi obtido um alto nível de satisfação dos usuários do serviço de atenção farmacêutica. Os valores obtidos estavam entre 3 e 5, numa escala que varia de 1 a 5 pontos, sendo que as médias mais altas se referiam ao interesse do farmacêutico pela saúde do paciente. Como nos demais estabelecimentos o nível de satisfação foi inferior, foi possível concluir que o serviço de atenção farmacêutica foi o responsável pelo excelente resultado obtido.

The present study was designed to evaluate the satisfaction of users of a Pharmaceutical Care (PC) service in a private communitarian pharmacy in Vitória (ES, Brazil). In this transversal observational study, patient interviews were performed by an experimenter that had no relationship with the establishments evaluated. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire used a five point Likert scale, in which smaller numbers represented lower levels of satisfaction. For comparison, user satisfaction was also evaluated for two pharmaceutical establishments that do not have standardized PC services. In these cases, age-matched patients were selected randomly. A higher level of satisfaction was reported by users of the PC service, with values between three and five. The higher averages for the establishment with PC service were the result of greater perceived pharmacist interest in the patient's health. As the same results were not obtained by the services without PC, it was concluded that this practice is very important to the satisfaction level of users of pharmacy services.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a ocorrência de síndrome metabólica (SM) e fatores de risco associados em adolescentes de Vitória (ES). MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 380 adolescentes de 10 a 14 anos de idade estudantes de escolas públicas. Foram mensurados: índice de massa corporal, pressão arterial em repouso, dosagens séricas em jejum das concentrações de colesterol total, LDL-colesterol, HDL-colesterol, triglicerídeos e glicose. RESULTADOS: Identificou-se prevalência de sobrepeso em 9,6% dos meninos e em 7,4% das meninas, enquanto que obesidade foi observada em 6,2 e 4,9%, respectivamente. As concentrações de triglicerídeos foram limítrofes ou altas em 6,8 e 3,4% dos meninos e em 11,8 e 5,9% das meninas. A concentração de HDL-colesterol estava abaixo dos níveis padronizados em 8,5% dos meninos e em 9,9% das meninas. A pressão arterial em repouso foi limítrofe para 5,1% dos meninos e 7,9% das meninas, enquanto que 3,4% tanto dos meninos quanto das meninas foram considerados hipertensos. Glicemia de jejum foi alta em 0,6% dos meninos e em 0,5% das meninas. No grupo estudado, 2,8% dos meninos e 2,5% das meninas apresentaram dois fatores de risco associados a SM. A prevalência de SM foi de 1,1% para meninos e 1,5% para meninas e a total foi de 1,3%. CONCLUSÕES: Fatores de risco cardiovasculares associados a SM são condições clínicas importantes nessa faixa etária. Um número significativo de adolescentes apresentou resultados limítrofes, os quais podem aumentar a prevalência de SM ou de fatores de risco independentes em curto prazo. Mais investimentos devem ser feitos na prevenção primária, considerando que o diagnóstico precoce é uma questão de fundamental importância.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the occurrence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and independent associated risk factors in adolescents in the city of Vitória, Brazil. METHODS: We assessed 380 adolescents aged 10 to 14 years attending public schools. Body mass index and blood pressure at rest were measured. Fasting plasma concentrations of total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were also obtained. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was 9.6% for boys and 7.4% for girls, while obesity was found in 6.2 and 4.9%, respectively. Triglyceride concentrations were borderline or high in 6.8 and 3.4% of the boys and in 11.8 and 5.9% of the girls. HDL-cholesterol was below recommended levels in 8.5% of the boys and in 9.9% of the girls. Blood pressure at rest was borderline for 5.1% of the boys and 7.9% of the girls, while 3.4% of both boys and girls were hypertensive. Fasting glycemia was high in 0.6% of the boys and in 0.5% of the girls. In the group studied, 2.8% of the boys and 2.5% of the girls had two risk factors associated with MS. Prevalence of MS was 1.1% for boys and 1.5% for girls, and overall prevalence was 1.3%. CONCLUSIONS: MS and associated cardiovascular risk factors are serious clinical conditions in this age group. A significant number of adolescents showed borderline results, which may increase the prevalence of MS or independent risk factors in the short term. More investments should be made in primary prevention, considering that early diagnosis is an issue of fundamental importance.

FUNDAMENTOS: A difusão do ultra-som (US) como método terapêutico corroborou o perfil de segurança observado na prática médica, porém nem sempre baseado em estudos sistemáticos, sugerindo medidas de cautela e otimização da técnica. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o risco potencial da utilização do ultra-som de baixa intensidade em terapias dermatológicas e estéticas e suas implicações no sistema cardiovascular. MÉTODOS: Utilizaram-se (n=10) ratas Wistar, pesando +300g e divididas em dois grupos: controle-Sham e terapia ultra-sônica (TUS). Após anestesia induzida por halotano, as fêmeas foram submetidas à TUS modo de pulso, com potência de 1W/cm² e 3MHz freqüência, na região inguinal em área de 3cm², durante três minutos por 10 dias. Ao final do tratamento, após anestesia com (cloral hidratado 10% / 0,4ml/100g), foram cateterizadas em artéria femoral, e mensuradas a pressão arterial média (PAM) e a freqüência cardíaca (FC); foi coletado sangue para dosagem do perfil lipídico e glicêmico. A seguir, o coração foi isolado e perfundido pelo método de Langendorff; após 40 minutos, foi determinada a pressão de perfusão coronariana (PPC) basal e realizada curva dose-resposta de adenosina. Realizada Anova, seguida do teste de Tukey para múltiplas comparações, e as diferenças foram estabelecidas em 5%, e os valores expressos como média + EPM. RESULTADOS: Observou-se aumento (P<0,01) da PAM no grupo TUS (114+1 vs 103+1 mmHg) quando comparado ao grupo controle. A glicemia em jejum (97+2 vs 133+6 mg/dL) e o perfil lipídico apresentaram diferenças significativas tais como no LDL (10+1 vs 14+1mg/dL), HDL (59+1 vs 54+1mg/dL), triglicérides (33+2 vs 82+6mg/dL) nos grupos controle e TUS, respectivamente. A PPC basal reduziu (P<0,01) de 94+2 mmHg no controle para 79+1 mmHg no TUS. CONCLUSÃO: A TUS, imediatamente após o uso, alterou os parâmetros hemodinâmicos e os níveis de lipídios e glicose séricos, além de produzir atenuação da vasodilatação induzida por adenosina. Pode-se, portanto, considerar que a TUS eleva o risco para eventos cardiovasculares em ratas Wistar.

BACKGROUND: The ultrasound (US) diffusion as therapeutical methods, has corroborated the profile of security observed in the medicine practice, however, not always it has been based in systematic studies, suggesting measured caution and improvement in application on this technique. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the potential risk of the use low intensity ultrasound (3MHz) in the gynecoid lipodystrofy (cellulite) treatment and in the cardiovascular system implications. METHODS: Female rats (Wistar) were divided in 02 groups: Control-Sham and Ultrasound Therapy (UST). After induced anesthesia with halotano, the rats had been submitted to UST pulse way, with power 1,0W/cm2 and 3 MHz frequency in the inguinal region (3cm2), during 03 min. per 10 days. At the treatment end, after anesthesia with Chloral 10% (0,4mL / 100g) a catheter made of PE-50 tubing connected to PE-10 tubing was implanted in the femoral artery, the blood pressure (BP) and hart rate (HR) was measured; the blood was collected for determination of lipids and glucose levels. To follow, hearts were isolated and perfused by Langendorff apparatus; was determined the baseline coronary perfused pressure (CPP) after 40 minutes and determined dose-response curve by adenosine. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA for independent sample, followed by the Tukey test for comparison of the means. Differences were considered significant when P<0.05 and values were reported as mean+SEM. RESULTS: We observed increase (P<0,01) in blood pressure in the UST (114+1) vs. in the control-sham (103+1)mmHg group. The serum glucose (97+2 vs. 133+6 mg/dL) and lipids profile showed significant differences in the LDL-C (10+1 vs. 14+1 mg/dL) HDL-C (59+1 vs. 54+1 mg/dL); triglyceride (33+2 vs. 82+6 mg/dL) in the control and UST groups, respectively. The baseline CPP was reduced (P<0,01) from 94+2 mmHg in the control-sham to 79+1 mmHg in the UST group. CONCLUSIONS: Immediately after use of ultrasound therapy, the hemodynamics parameters and serum lipids and glucose levels were modified and producing attenuation induced-vasodilatation by adenosine. Therefore, we can consider that the UST increases the cardiovascular risk in female rats.