OBJETIVO: comparar a resistência ao cisalhamento de diferentes técnicas para colagem direta de braquetes ortodônticos em superfície de resina acrílica.MÉTODOS: sessenta e quatro (64) discos de resina acrílica ativada quimicamente (RAAQ) foram divididos aleatoriamente em qautro grupos: grupo 1 = colagem com resina composta fotopolimerizável (adesivo convencional); grupo 2 = superfície abrasionada com broca diamantada e colagem com resina composta fotopolimerizável; grupo 3 = colagem com RAAQ (adesivo alternativo); grupo 4 = superfície abrasionada com broca diamantada e colagem com RAAQ. A resistência ao cisalhamento foi avaliada 24h após a colagem, utilizando-se uma máquina universal de ensaios, operando a uma velocidade de 0,5mm/min, e comparada por meio da análise de variância, seguida pelo teste post-hoc de Tukey. O índice de adesivo remanescente (IAR) foi mensurado e comparado entre os grupos por meio dos testes Kruskal-Wallis e Dunn.RESULTADOS: os grupos 3 e 4 demonstraram resistência ao cisalhamento significativamente maior do que os grupos 1 e 2. Os grupos 3 e 4 apresentaram resultados similares. O grupo 2 apresentou melhores resultados do que o grupo 1. Na análise do IAR, observou-se predominância do escore 0 para os grupos 1 e 2 e do escore 3 para os grupos 3 e 4.CONCLUSÕES: a colagem do braquete em superfície de resina acrílica utilizando-se a RAAQ apresentou melhores resultados do que a colagem com resina composta fotopolimerizável. A abrasão da superfície com broca diamantada apenas aumentou a resistência ao cisalhamento no grupo 2.

OBJECTIVE: To compare shear bond strength of different direct bonding techniques of orthodontic brackets to acrylic resin surfaces.METHODS: The sample comprised 64 discs of chemically activated acrylic resin (CAAR) randomly divided into four groups: discs in group 1 were bonded by means of light-cured composite resin (conventional adhesive); discs in group 2 had surfaces roughened with a diamond bur followed by conventional direct bonding by means of light-cured composite resin; discs in group 3 were bonded by means of CAAR (alternative adhesive); and discs in group 4 had surfaces roughened with a diamond bur followed by direct bonding by means of CAAR. Shear bond strength values were determined after 24 hours by means of a universal testing machine at a speed of 0.5 mm/min, and compared by analysis of variance followed by post-hoc Tukey test. Adhesive remnant index (ARI) was measured and compared among groups by means of Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests.RESULTS: Groups 3 and 4 had significantly greater shear bond strength values in comparison to groups 1 and 2. Groups 3 and 4 yielded similar results. Group 2 showed better results when compared to group 1. In ARI analyses, groups 1 and 2 predominantly exhibited a score equal to 0, whereas groups 3 and 4 predominantly exhibited a score equal to 3.CONCLUSIONS: Direct bonding of brackets to acrylic resin surfaces using CAAR yielded better results than light-cured composite resin. Surface preparation with diamond bur only increased shear bond strength in group 2.

Aim: To evaluate the cephalometric characteristics of Class III malocclusion in Caucasian Brazilian subjects. Methods: The sample comprised 71 lateral cephalograms of individuals not previously submitted to any orthodontic treatment. The Class III group (experimental group) comprised 37 patients with bilateral Class III molar relationship and ANB lower than 1 degree, with a mean age of 21.76+3.89 years (13 males and 24 females). The Class I group (control group) consisted of 34 patients with bilateral Class I molar relationship, ANB angle higher than or equal to 1° and lower than 3°, with a mean age of 21.88+3.5 years (12 males and 22 females). Dental, skeletal and soft tissue measurements were compared using the t test for independent samples. Results: The results demonstrated that the Class III individuals showed significant differences in the cephalometric characteristics, except in vertical skeletal variables. The angular variables (SNA, SNB, ANB, SND, 1.1, 1.NA, 1.NB, IMPA, NA.Pog, H.NB) and the linear variables (Pog-Nperp, Co-Gn, 1-orbit, 1-NA, 1-NB, 1-NPog, 1-ANperp, FN-Pog, H-nose, Pog-NB, E menton) demonstrated statistically significant differences between groups. Conclusions: In Class III group, subjects presented maxilla with normal size, yet retruded in relation to the anterior cranial base; protruded mandible with increased size; and concave skeletal and soft tissue profiles. The maxillary incisors were protruded and buccally tipped, and the mandibular incisors were retruded and lingually tipped. Higher prevalence of mandibular prognathism (67.6%) was observed in the Class III group.

OBJETIVO: determinar as características estruturais em jovens cearenses leucodermas, portadores de má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1, e verificar se existe dimorfismo entre os sexos a partir das variáveis cefalométricas estudadas. MÉTODOS: por meio de telerradiografias em norma lateral, determinou-se as características cefalométricas da má oclusão de Classe II, divisão 1, em uma amostra de 50 jovens cearenses, leucodermas, sendo 25 do sexo masculino e 25 do sexo feminino, com idades de 9 a 14 anos, não tratadas ortodonticamente. Dezesseis grandezas cefalométricas foram avaliadas, comparando-se o grupo experimental (Classe II) com um grupo controle (Classe I), cuja amostra constituiu-se de 50 crianças do Ceará, leucodermas,de ambos os sexos (22 do sexo masculino e 28 do sexo feminino), com idades entre 9 e 13 anos, obtida de pesquisas realizadas pela disciplina de Ortodontia da UCCB - Centro de Estudos da Universidade Federal do Ceará. CONCLUSÃO: a maxila apresentou, em média, um bom posicionamento. A mandíbula apresentou uma clara predominância para retrusão e alterações dimensionais no sentido sagital. As dimensões verticais da face apresentaram -se aumentadas. Os incisivos superiores apresentaram-se bem posicionados em suas bases apicais e ligeiramente inclinados para lingual. Os incisivos inferiores protruídos e inclinados para vestibular. Identificou-se a presença de dimorfismo entre os sexos nas grandezas P-Nperp, Co-A, WITS e AFAI.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the structural characteristics of Caucasian youths from Ceará State, Northeastern Brazil, presenting with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion and to investigate whether there is gender dimorphism based on the cephalometric variables assessed. METHODS: By means of lateral cephalograms, it was possible to determine the cephalometric characteristics of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion in a sample of 50 Caucasian youths from Ceará State, Brazil, of both genders (25 male and 25 female), aged between 9 and 14 years, who had not received previous orthodontic treatment. Sixteen cephalometric measures were evaluated and a comparison was made between the experimental group (Class II) and the control group (Class I), a sample comprising 50 Caucasian children from the Brazilian State of Ceará, of both genders (22 male and 28 female), aged 9 to 13 years, obtained from research conducted at the Study Center of the Federal University of Ceará (UCCB), Department of Orthodontics. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the maxilla exhibited adequate positioning. The mandible showed a clear predominance of retrusion and dimensional changes in the sagittal direction. The facial vertical dimensions were increased. The maxillary incisors were well-positioned in their apical bases and with slight lingual inclination. The mandibular incisors were labially inclined and protruded. The study identified the presence of gender dimorphism in the following measures: P-Nperp, Co-A, Wits and ALFH.

INTRODUÇÃO: apesar da colagem direta despender menor tempo clínico, com maior preservação da integridade gengival, ainda hoje se observa uma alta incidência de bandagem dos molares. Portanto, torna-se interessante a idealização de recursos para o aumento da eficiência desse procedimento para dentes submetidos a maiores impactos mastigatórios, como, por exemplo, os molares. OBJETIVO: esse estudo teve o propósito de avaliar se a resistência à adesão com a aplicação de uma camada de resina adicional na região oclusal da interface tubo/dente aumenta a qualidade do procedimento de colagem direta de tubos em molares. MÉTODOS: selecionou-se uma amostra composta por 40 terceiros molares inferiores, que foram aleatoriamente divididos em 2 grupos: Grupo 1 - colagem direta convencional, seguida pela aplicação de uma camada de resina na oclusal da interface tubo/dente; e Grupo 2 - colagem direta convencional. O teste de resistência ao cisalhamento foi realizado 24 horas após a colagem, utilizando-se uma máquina de ensaio universal, operando a uma velocidade de 0,5mm/min. Os resultados foram analisados por meio do teste t independente. RESULTADOS: os valores médios obtidos nos testes de cisalhamento foram: 17,08MPa para o Grupo 1 e 12,60MPa para o Grupo 2. O Grupo 1 apresentou uma resistência ao cisalhamento estatisticamente significativa mais alta do que o Grupo 2. CONCLUSÃO: a aplicação de uma camada adicional de resina na oclusal da interface tubo/dente aumenta a qualidade da adesão do procedimento de colagem direta de tubos ortodônticos em molares.

OBJECTIVE: Although direct bonding takes up less clinical time and ensures increased preservation of gingival health, the banding of molar teeth is still widespread nowadays. It would therefore be convenient to devise methods capable of increasing the efficiency of this procedure, notably for teeth subjected to substantial masticatory impact, such as molars. This study was conducted with the purpose of evaluating whether direct bonding would benefit from the application of an additional layer of resin to the occlusal surfaces of the tube/tooth interface. METHODS: A sample of 40 mandibular third molars was selected and randomly divided into two groups: Group 1 - Conventional direct bonding, followed by the application of a layer of resin to the occlusal surfaces of the tube/ tooth interface, and Group 2 - Conventional direct bonding. Shear bond strength was tested 24 hours after bonding with the aid of a universal testing machine operating at a speed of 0.5mm/min. The results were analyzed using the independent t-test. RESULTS: The shear bond strength tests yielded the following mean values: 17.08 MPa for Group 1 and 12.60 MPa for Group 2. Group 1 showed higher statistically significant shear bond strength than Group 2. CONCLUSIONS: The application of an additional layer of resin to the occlusal surfaces of the tube/tooth interface was found to enhance bond strength quality of orthodontic buccal tubes bonded directly to molar teeth.

Despite the advances in bonding materials, many clinicians today still prefer to place bands on molar teeth. Molar bonding procedures need improvement to be widely accepted clinically. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shear bond strength when an additional adhesive layer was applied on the occlusal tooth/tube interface to provide reinforcement to molar tubes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty third molars were selected and allocated to the 3 groups: group 1 received a conventional direct bond followed by the application of an additional layer of adhesive on the occlusal tooth/tube interface, group 2 received a conventional direct bond, and group 3 received a conventional direct bond and an additional cure time of 10 s. The specimens were debonded in a universal testing machine. The results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). RESULTS: Group 1 had a significantly higher (p<0.05) shear bond strength compared to groups 2 and 3. No difference was detected between groups 2 and 3 (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The present in vitro findings indicate that the application of an additional layer of adhesive on the tooth/tube interface increased the shear bond strength of the bonded molar tubes.