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ABSTRACT Insects are fundamental to biodiversity conservation in almost all ecosystems, and their population decline, and extinction directly result from environmental impacts. These facts are aggravated by the lack of knowledge of insect biodiversity, the so-called biodiversity deficits, especially the Linnean and Wallacean shortfalls. In freshwater ecosystems, biodiversity loss is higher among aquatic insects, and caddisflies comprise one of the most vulnerable orders. In this way, research focusing on describing new caddisfly species and understanding their distribution ranges will increase knowledge of caddisfly biodiversity. In the past 14 years, the team from the Laboratório de Entomologia Aquática “Prof. Dr. Claudio Gilberto Froehlich” (LEAq, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil) and collaborators have been addressing these issues, resulting in 55 described species of caddisflies. Taxa in other insect orders have also received attention and an additional 16 species have been described (eight mayflies, four stoneflies, four neuropteran spongillaflies, and antlions). Here, eight caddisfly species are described and illustrated (Atopsyche froehlichi sp. nov., Austrotinodes zeferina sp. nov., Cernotina kariri sp. nov., Neoathripsodes froehlichi sp. nov., Notalina claudiofroehlichi sp. nov., Oecetis marcus sp. nov., Phylloicus froehlichi sp. nov., and Polycentropus claudioi sp. nov.), five of them in honor of LEAq’s patron. In addition, new distributional data are presented for 10 known species. A checklist of the caddisfly fauna of Bahia state is also presented, with 138 species, around 75% and 30% of them recorded and described by the LEAq team, respectively. Currently, for caddisflies, Bahia is the fifth most species-rich state in Brazil, and the first in the Brazilian Northeast region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0065

La estética de Kandinsky y el gnosticismo
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Solís Nova, David

; Burgos Ortiz, Valeria

Franciscanum. Revista de las Ciencias del Espíritu

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dec 2022, Volume 64 N. 178 Pages 4 - 4

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen El presente artículo es un estudio teórico sobre las similitudes entre las doctrinas gnósticas, que florecieron alrededor del siglo II de nuestra era, y el pensamiento estético del pintor ruso Vasili Kandinsky. El objetivo es analizar estos dos marcos de ideas filosóficas y espirituales para exponer sus similitudes y diferencias. De esta manera, se indagará si, pese a los siglos que las separan y la diferencia de contextos históricos que las rodean, puede existir en los orígenes de ambas propuestas doctrinales unas problemáticas existenciales y filosóficas comunes. El estudio buscará, con ello, dilucidar si es posible entender la estética de Kandinsky como una especial gnosis moderna estructurada a través de sus planteamientos conceptuales y artísticos. Los resultados de la investigación pretenden no sólo dar luces sobre la originalidad de Kandinsky dentro de la historia del arte, sino que también llegar a ser útiles para resaltar y comprender algunos puntos importantes de la discusión cultural dentro de la cual se enmarca su obra.

Abstract This article is a theoretical study on the similarities between the Gnostic doctrines, which flourished around the second century of our era, and the aesthetic thought of the Russian painter Vasili Kandinsky. The objective is to analyze these two philosophical and spiritual ideas frameworks to expose their similarities and differences. In this way, it will be investigated if, despite the centuries that separate them and the difference in historical contexts that surround them, there may be common existential and philosophical problems at the origins of both doctrinal statements The study will seek, therefore, to elucidate whether it is possible to understand Kandinsky's aesthetics as a special modern structured gnosis through his conceptual and artistic approaches. The results of the research aim not only at shedding light on Kandinsky's originality within the history of art, but also to be useful to highlight and understand some important points of the cultural discussion within which his work is framed.

https://doi.org/10.21500/01201468.5630

HABLANDO DE LA LIBERTAD. LUIS PAGANO (1985-2020): AMIGO, MAESTRO, ORNITÓLOGO DE VANGUARDIA
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Bodrati, Alejandro

; Jensen, Roberto F

; Monteleone, Diego L

; Fariña, Néstor

; Sallo, Facundo G Di

; Jordán, Emilio A

; Cockle, Kristina L

; Imberti, Santiago

; Grilli, Pablo

; Roesler, Ignacio

; Ferreyra, Carlos A

; Villalba, Olga

; Mérida, Emilse

; Notarnicola, Juliana

; Vítale, Silvia

; Ferrari, Carlos

; Cenizo, Marcos

; Berkunsky, Igor

; Burgos, Freddy

; Fraga, Rosendo M

El hornero

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dec 2021, Volume 36 N. 2 Pages 9 - 19

Abstract: Es | Text: Es | PDF: Es

13 downloads

Design and development of an early warning score for COVID-19 hospitalized patients
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Huespe, Iván

; Carboni Bisso, Indalecio

; Gemelli, Nicolás A.

; Terrasa, Sergio A.

; Di Stefano, Sabrina

; Burgos, Valeria

; Sinner, Jorge

; Oubiña, Mailen

; Bezzati, Marina

; Delgado, Pablo

; Las Heras, Marcos

; Risk, Marcelo R.

Medicina (Buenos Aires)

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aug 2021, Volume 81 N. 4 Pages 508 - 526

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Pandemics pose a major challenge for public health preparedness, requiring a coordinated international response and the development of solid containment plans. Early and accurate identifica tion of high-risk patients in the course of the current COVID-19 pandemic is vital for planning and making proper use of available resources. The purpose of this study was to identify the key variables that account for worse outcomes to create a predictive model that could be used effectively for triage. Through literature review, 44 variables that could be linked to an unfavorable course of COVID-19 disease were obtained, including clinical, laboratory, and X-ray variables. These were used for a 2-round modified Delphi processing with 14 experts to select a final list of variables with the greatest predictive power for the construction of a scoring system, leading to the creation of a new scoring system: the COVID-19 Severity Index. The analysis of the area under the curve for the COVID-19 Severity Index was 0.94 to predict the need for ICU admission in the following 24 hours against 0.80 for NEWS-2. Additionally, the digital medical record of the Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires was electronically set for an automatic calculation and constant update of the COVID-19 Severity Index. Specifically designed for the current COVID-19 pandemic, COVID-19 Severity Index could be used as a reliable tool for strategic planning, organization, and administration of resources by easily identifying hospitalized patients with a greater need of intensive care.

Resumen La pandemia por COVID-19 planteó un desafío para el sistema salud, debido a la gran demanda de pacientes hospitalizados. La identificación temprana de pacientes hospitalizados con riesgo de evo lución desfavorable es vital para asistir en forma oportuna y planificar la demanda de recursos. El propósito de este estudio fue identificar las variables predictivas de mala evolución en pacientes hospitalizados por COVID-19 y crear un modelo predictivo que pueda usarse como herramienta de triage. A través de una revisión narrativa, se obtuvieron 44 variables vinculadas a una evolución desfavorable de la enfermedad COVID-19, incluyendo variables clínicas, de laboratorio y radiográficas. Luego se utilizó un procesamiento por método Delphi modificado de 2 rondas para seleccionar una lista final de variables incluidas en el score llamado COVID-19 Severity Index. Luego se calculó el Área Bajo la Curva (AUC) del score para predecir el pase a terapia intensiva en las próximas 24 horas. El score presentó un AUC de 0,94 frente a 0,80 para NEWS-2. Finalmente se agregó el COVID-19 Severity Index a la historia clínica electrónica de un hospital universitario de alta complejidad. Se programó para que el mismo se actualice de manera automática, facilitando la planificación estratégica, organización y administración de recursos a través de la identificación temprana de pacientes hospitalizados con mayor riesgo de transferencia a la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos.

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El sobrepeso y obesidad en estudiantes de primaria de dos municipios de la Costa Chica de Guerrero, México
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Pineda-Burgos, Blanca Celia

; Hernández-Ruiz, Pedro Enrique

; Balanzar-Martínez, Alejandro

; Legorreta-Soberanis, José

; Paredes-Solís, Sergio

; Ponce, José Luis

Enfermería Actual de Costa Rica

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jun 2020, N. 38 Pages 151 - 162

Abstract: Es Pt En | Text: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar la prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y factores asociados en estudiantes de 5° y 6° grado de primaria en dos municipios de la Costa Chica de Guerrero. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo transversal. Para la recopilación de información se utilizó una báscula digital para registrar las medidas antropométricas y, se aplicó un cuestionario, que incluyó variables relacionadas con hábitos alimenticios, actividad física, tiempo dedicado a ver televisión (TV) y tiempo dedicado a dormir. Se encontró que el 16% de los estudiantes tuvo sobrepeso y 15% obesidad. Hubo mayor riesgo de padecer la enfermedad metabólica en los participantes que ven TV más de 5 h/día (ORns Cl adj = 1.72.IC 95% 1.27-2.34), mientras que comer cuatro o más veces al día tuvo un efecto protector (ORns Cl adj = 0.47, IC 95% 0.31-0.72). En los municipios de Cruz Grande y San Marcos los estudiantes de 5° y 6° de primaria tienen un grado medio de sobrepeso y obesidad; ya que el sedentarismo no es tan marcado y existe la tendencia a practicar el deporte. Se concluye que disminuir el número de horas frente al televisor y la correcta alimentación son acciones que pueden contribuir a la prevención y disminución del sobrepeso y la obesidad en estudiantes de primaria.

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar a prevalência de sobrepeso, obesidade e fatores associados em estudantes da 5ª e 6ª séries do ensino fundamental de dois municípios da Costa Chica de Guerrero. Foi realizado um estudo descritivo transversal. Para a coleta de informações, utilizou-se uma escala digital para registro das medidas antropométricas e aplicou-se um questionário, que incluiu variáveis relacionadas aos hábitos alimentares, atividade física, tempo gasto assistindo televisão (TV) e tempo gasto dormindo. Verificou-se que 16% dos estudantes estavam com sobrepeso e 15% com obesidade. Houve um risco aumentado de doença metabólica nos participantes que assistiram TV mais de 5 h / dia (ORns Cl adj = 1,72.IC 95% 1,27-2,34), enquanto comer quatro ou mais vezes por dia teve um efeito protetor (ORns Cl adj = 0,47, IC 95% 0,31-0,72). Nos municípios de Cruz Grande e San Marcos, os alunos das séries 5 e 6 apresentam sobrepeso e obesidade médios; uma vez que o estilo de vida sedentário não é tão acentuado e existe uma tendência a praticar esportes. Conclui-se que reduzir o número de horas em frente à televisão e a alimentação correta são ações que podem contribuir para a prevenção e redução do sobrepeso e obesidade em alunos do ensino fundamental.

Abstract The objective of this research was to study the prevalence of overweight, obesity and associated factors in students of 5th and 6th grade of primary school in two municipalities of the Costa Chica, Guerrero. A crosssectional descriptive study was carried out. For the collection of information, a digital scale was used to record the anthropometric measurements and, a questionnaire was applied, which included variables related to eating habits, physical activity, time spent watching television (TV) and time spent sleeping. It was found that 16% of the students were overweight and 15% obese. There was an increased risk of metabolic disease in participants who watched TV more than 5 h / day (ORns Cl adj = 1.72.IC 95% 1.27-2.34), while eating four or more times a day had a protective effect (ORns Cl adj = 0.47, 95% CI 0.31-0.72). In the municipalities of Cruz Grande and San Marcos, students in grades 5 and 6 have a medium degree of overweight and obesity; since sedentary lifestyle is not as marked and there is a tendency to practice sports. It is concluded that reducing the number of hours in front of the television and the correct feeding are actions that can contribute to the prevention and reduction of overweight and obesity in elementary students.

https://doi.org/10.15517/revenf.v0i38.37172 5501 downloads

Higiene y salubridad en la provincia de Ñuble: epidemia de cólera en la ciudad de Chillán (1880-1900)
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Parada Ulloa, Marcos

; Estay Sepúlveda, Juan Guillermo

; Moreno Leyva, Germán

; Véliz Burgos, Alex

; Mansilla Sepúlveda, Juan

; Monteverde Sánchez, Alessandro

MediSur

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feb 2020, Volume 18 N. 1 Pages 58 - 72

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to analyze the cholera epidemic in the city of Chillán, Chile, which allows assessing the city’s hygiene and urban health practices carried out by the authorities in the period 1880-1900. This epidemic was an important case, which mainly affected the popular sectors located in the city outskirts. Authorities tried to carry out hygiene and health strategies aimed at educating the population and improving the quality of life of its inhabitants.

RESUMEN El presente estudio tiene como propósito analizar la epidemia de cólera en la ciudad de Chillán, Chile, la cual permite valorar las prácticas de higiene y salubridad urbana de la ciudad efectuadas por las autoridades entre los años 1880-1900. Un caso importante fue dicha epidemia, que afectó principalmente a los sectores populares ubicados en la periferia de la ciudad. Las autoridades trataron de efectuar estrategias de higiene y salubridad con el propósito de educar a la población y mejorar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes.

Science and Technology Studies and the Historiography of Psychology: Towards a Critical Analysis
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Fierro, Catriel

; Gallegos, Miguel

; Videla, Carmen Burgos

; Pecanha, Viviane de Castro

Trends in Psychology

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oct 2019, Volume 27 N. 4 Pages 943 - 959

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Resumo Este artigo examina a relação entre os campos da história da psicologia e os estudos sociais sobre ciência, tecnologia e sociedade (CTS). Primeiro, apresentamos uma breve visão histórica situando os objetivos da psicologia no amplo campo da CTC contemporânea. Em seguida, descrevemos a influência da CTS no âmbito da história da psicologia através de uma revisão da literatura que enfatiza as produções Ibero-Americanas. Nossos resultados sugerem que as pesquisas realizados no campo CTS podem contribuir para a compreensão das questões históricas que emergem na área da psicologia através de sete linhas de pesquisa relacionadas a interseção de estudos sociológicos e históricos, que envolvem o estudo de objetos psicológicos, a história da instrumentação psicológica, a análise histórica da psicologia como disciplina e o estudo do treinamento em psicologia, entre outros. O trabalho conclui que os estudos desempenham um papel importante na produção do conhecimento histórico, destacando os referenciais conceituais na pesquisa histórica para esclarecer questões historiográficas e auxiliar na definição epistemológica de objetos psicológicos.

Abstract This paper examines the relationships established between the fields of history of psychology, and science, technology and society studies (STS). We first present a brief historical overview to situate the present status of the field of psychology within the broad STS arena. We then describe the influence of STS studies in the field of history of psychology through a literature review that emphasizes Ibero-American productions in these areas. Our findings suggest that STS studies can contribute to the understanding the historical issues in psychology through seven areas of intersecting sociological and historical research, which involve the study of psychological objects, the history of psychological instrumentation, the historical analysis of psychology as a discipline and the study of psychology teaching and education, among others. The paper concludes that STS studies play an important role in advancing the production of historical knowledge, shedding light on the conceptual frameworks used in historical research, clarifying historical inquires, and assisting in the process to define psychological epistemic objects.

Resumen Este trabajo examina la relación existente entre los campos de la historia de la psicología y los estudios sociales sobre ciencia, tecnología y sociedad (CTS). Primero presentamos una breve panorámica histórica con los fines de situar el campo de la psicología en la amplia arena de los CTS contemporáneos. Luego describimos la influencia del campo CTS en el campo de la historia de la psicología a través de una revisión de la literatura que enfatiza las producciones iberoamericanas. Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que los estudios CTS contribuyen con la comprensión de cuestiones históricas en psicología a través de siete áreas de investigación, que involucran el estudio de los objetos psicológicos, la historia de la instrumentación psicológica, el análisis histórico de la psicología como disciplina y el estudio de la formación en psicología, entre otras. El trabajo concluye que los estudios CTS juegan un rol importante en la producción del conocimiento histórico, arrojando luz a los marcos conceptuales utilizados en la investigación histórica, clarificando las preguntas historiográficas, y ayudando a definir objetos epistémicos psicológicos.

https://doi.org/10.9788/tp2019.4-09 1593 downloads

Actualización de diagnóstico y tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardíaca de etiología chagásica
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Giménez, Luisa J.

; Mitelman, Jorge E.

; Piñeiro, Daniel J.

; Núñez Burgos, Federico

; Sabra, Ahmad

; Feitosa, Gilson

; de Oliveira Junior, Wilson

; Fernández Chamorro, Felipe Nery Gervacio

; Blandón Calderón, Roberto

; Aguirre, Fernando

; Rosas Andrade, Fernando

; Uriona Villarroel, Juan

; Bulla Fernández, Daniel

; Linárez Ochoa, Nery E.

; Barisani, José Luis

; Romero, Analía

; González, Marcos

; Melnikov, Valery

; Macedo Linares, Ana María

; Buitrago Rodríguez, María Fernanda

; Gutiérrez Perucho, Ernesto

; Justiniano Encina, Juan

; Gutiérrez Sotelo, Oswaldo

; Bonilla, Rafael

; Guzmán Melgar, Ismael

; Almonte, Claudia

; Echeverría Frías, Carlos

; Mendoza, Iván

; Newton-Sánchez, Oscar

; Dones Figueroa, Wistremundo

; Simeone, Andrea

Insuficiencia cardíaca

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sep 2019, Volume 14 N. 3 Pages 96 - 110

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

A doença de Chagas é um importante problema de saúde pública nas Américas, amplamente disseminado em todo o mundo, tanto por migrações externas quanto internas, sendo a insuficiência cardíaca uma das complicações mais graves da cardiomiopatia chagásica, com um impacto severo em ambos os casos. individual como em sua família, não apenas com afetação na qualidade de vida, mas com um número significativo de complicações cardiológicas, como arritmias severas e complexas, acidentes vasculares cerebrais e até mesmo a morte súbita. Também é de alto custo em tratamentos médicos, hospitalizações, uso de dispositivos eletrônicos; transplantes, etc. Um grupo de especialistas latino-americanos realizou uma atualização com base em sua experiência, acompanhada de uma importante revisão bibliográfica, a fim de atualizar os diagnósticos clínicos e complementares usuais e de alta complexidade, bem como os tratamentos atualmente disponíveis para essa complicação, e deve adaptar os mesmos para a disponibilidade de centros de saúde.

Chagas disease is a important public health problem throughout America, extended worldwide, both by external and internal migrations, with heart failure being one of the most serious complications of chagasic cardiomyopathy, with severe repercussions on both the individual and his family, not only with involvement in the quality of life, but with a significant number of cardiological complications such as severe and complex arrhythmias, strokes and even sudden death. As well, It is expensive in medical treatments, hospitalizations, use of electronic devices; transplants, etc. A group of Latin American experts have made an update based on their experience accompanied by an important bibliographic review in order to update the usual clinical and complementary diagnoses and of high complexity, as well as the treatments currently available for this complication, and they must be adapted to the availability of health care centers.

La enfermedad de Chagas es un importante problema de salud pública en toda América, extendida a nivel mundial, tanto por las migraciones externas como las internas, siendo la insuficiencia cardíaca una de las complicaciones más graves de la miocardiopatía chagásica, con severa repercusión tanto en el individuo como en su familia, no sólo con afectación en la calidad de vida, sino con un número importante de complicaciones cardiológicas como las arritmias severas y complejas, los accidentes cerebrovasculares y aun la muerte súbita. También es de alto costo en tratamientos médicos, internaciones, utilización de dispositivos electrónicos; trasplantes, etc. Un grupo de expertos latinoamericanos han realizado una actualización basada en la experiencia del mismo acompañado de una importante revisión bibliográfica con la finalidad de actualizar los diagnósticos clínicos y complementarios habituales y de alta complejidad, así como los tratamientos disponibles actualmente para esta complicación, debiéndose adecuar los mismos a la disponibilidad de los centros de atención sanitaria.

831 downloads

A Unified Approach to the Timoshenko Geometric Stiffness Matrix Considering Higher-Order Terms in the Strain Tensor
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Rodrigues, Marcos Antonio Campos

; Burgos, Rodrigo Bird

; Martha, Luiz Fernando

Latin American Journal of Solids and Structures

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2019, Volume 16 N. 4 elocation e185

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Nonlinear analyses using an updated Lagrangian formulation considering the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory have been developed with consistency in the literature, with different geometric matrices depending on the nonlinear displacement parts considered in the strain tensor. When performing this type of analysis using the Timoshenko beam theory, in general, the stiffness and the geometric matrices present additional degrees of freedom. This work presents a unified approach for the development of a geometric matrix employing the Timoshenko beam theory and considering higher-order terms in the strain tensor. This matrix is obtained using shape functions calculated directly from the solution of the differential equation of the problem. The matrix is implemented in the Ftool software, and its results are compared against several matrices found in the literature, with or without higher-order terms in the strain tensor, as well as the Euler-Bernoulli or Timoshenko beam theories. Examples show that the use of the Timoshenko beam theory has a strong influence, especially when the structure has small slenderness (short members). For high axial load values, the consideration of higher-order terms in the strain tensor results in larger displacements as expected.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1679-78255273 2158 downloads

10.

Toxocara canis en humanos, perros y suelos en ribera del Río de la Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires
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Archelli, Susana

; Kozubsky, Leonora

; Gamboa, Maria Inés

; Osen, Beatriz

; Costas, María Elena

; López, Marisa

; Burgos, Lola

; Corbalan, Valeria

; Butti, Marcos

; Radman, Nilda

Acta bioquímica clínica latinoamericana

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dec 2018, Volume 52 N. 4 Pages 441 - 449

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a situação epidemiológica da toxocaríase em um habitat ripícola. Os anticorpos anti-toxocara foram determinados por ELISA em soros de 34 crianças e 64 adultos, com soroprevalência de 32,3% e 45,3%, respectivamente. Ela foi alta em adultos e em crianças de 2 a 3 anos de idade. Foram realizadas 217 análises coproparasitológicas caninas e 23,04% foram positivas para os ovos de Toxocara canis. A distribuição de caninos positivos por faixa etária foi de 66%, entre 1 e 6 meses, de 20,7%, entre 6 e 12 meses, e de 10,3% em maiores de 12 meses. A porcentagem de animais parasitados por T. canis foi significativamente menor em relação a outras parasitas e diminuiu marcadamente com o aumento da idade. Foram analisadas 104 amostras de solo e 1,92% delas foram positivas para ovos de T. canis. A escassa quantidade de ovos nos solos pode ser o resultado do fato de que os filhotes não estivessem livres nos espaços públicos. Poderia ser inferido que, nesse bairro, o solo não atuou como disseminador dessa parasitose, mas fatores como a posse de caninos menores de 1 ano de idade, um contato próximo com eles em ambientes domésticos e condições higiênico-sanitárias insalubres foram fatores de maior relevância.

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of toxocariasis in a coastal habitat. Blood samples of 34 children and 64 adults were analyzed in order to determinate antibodies anti-toxocara by ELISA method. Prevalences of 32.3% and 45.3% were obtained respectively. A total of 217 coproparasitological canine analyses were performed, and 104 soil samples were analyzed. In humans, the seroprevalence of 32.4% in children and 45.3% in adults was found. In dogs, 50 samples were positive for T. canis eggs (23.04%). The distribution of canine positive for each age range yielded the following results: from 1 to 6 months, 66%; from 6 to 12 months, 20.7% and over 12 months, 10.3%. In soils, only 2 samples (1.92%) were positive for T. canis eggs. Seroloprevalence in humans was high, especially in adults and children aged 2 to 3 years. The percentage of parasitized animals by Toxocara was significantly lower in relation to other canine parasites and the percentage of dogs parasitized diminished significantly by increasing the age range. The low number of eggs found in soils could be due to the absence of puppies in public spaces. In this neighborhood, it can be inferred that the ground of public spaces did not act as a disseminator of this parasitosis, but that there were more relevant factors such as the possession of canines under 1 year of age, the close contact with them in residential areas, and unhealthy sanitary conditions.

El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la situación epidemiológica de toxocariosis en un hábitat ribereño. Se determinaron anticuerpos anti-toxocara por ELISA en sueros de 34 niños y 64 adultos, y se hallaron seroprevalencias de 32,3% y 45,3%, respectivamente. Esta fue alta en adultos y en niños de 2 a 3 años. Se realizaron 217 análisis coproparasitológicos de caninos y 23,04% fueron positivos para huevos de Toxocara canis. La distribución de caninos positivos por rango etario fue de 66% entre 1 y 6 meses; de 20,7% entre 6 y 12 meses; y de 10,3% en mayores de 12 meses. El porcentaje de animales parasitados por T. canis fue significativamente menor en relación a otros parásitos y disminuyó marcadamente con el aumento de la edad. Se analizaron 104 muestras de suelo y 1,92% de las mismas fueron positivas para huevos de T. canis. La escasa cantidad de huevos en suelos podría deberse a que los cachorros no se encontraban libres en los espacios públicos. En este barrio podría inferirse que el suelo no actuó como diseminador de esta parasitosis, sino que fueron de mayor relevancia factores como la tenencia de caninos menores de 1 año, el contacto estrecho con los mismos en ámbitos domiciliarios y las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias poco saludables.

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11.

RESPONSABILIDAD SOCIAL UNIVERSITARIA EN EL CURRICULUM DE LA CARRERA DE MEDICINA DE LA FCM-UNA DEL LEVANTAMIENTO DE DEMANDAS Y NECESIDADES A LA DECLARACION DEL PERFIL GENERICO DEL EGRESADO
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Elvira, Giménez

; Gilda, Benítez

; Szwako, Andrés

; Moreno, Martín

; Jazmín, Burgos

; Roberto, Corbeta

; Julio, Recalde

; Elena, Torres

; Troncoso, Karenina

Anales de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas (Asunción)

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jun 2016, Volume 49 N. 1 Pages 105 - 118

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT This work is done in the context of Curricular Innovation Project (CIP) of the FCM UNA, based on a model developed by K, Troncoso and based on current trends and guidelines of superior education and degree training that guides the construction, both in the design and installation of university curricula based on competencies. It considers milestones, stages, criteria and products, and forms part of a methodological and conceptual approach which has been used as a reference that allows to organize and structure the curriculum innovation in medical career. Milestone 1 refers to the obtainment of demands and needs of training through the analysis of research sources, stakeholders and various frameworks, to organize and structure training commitments for the development and declaration of the graduate profile. Therefore it means justify the decisions taken, arguing from the logic of training, the rationality that is expected to model and the problems, situation or context on which the graduate will act, using as reference the responses and position on the collection of information This responds to demands from society, and thus also to install an educational proposal with relevant university training. The milestone 2 refers to the analysis and synthesis of information from relevant stakeholders, in order to make decisions about what are the demands and needs in the training of students of the FCM-UNA. Thus moving towards the declaration of training commitments and its representation in the graduate profile. Key Words: social responsibility, perception, training proposal, vocational training, medical training.

RESUMEN Este trabajo se realiza en el contexto de un Proyecto de Innovación Curricular (PIC) de la FCM-UNA, basado en un modelo desarrollado por K, Troncoso y sobre la base de las tendencias y lineamientos actuales de la educación superior y la formación profesional universitaria que orienta y guía la construcción, tanto en el diseño como en la instalación y gestión, de currículos universitarios basados en competencias. Considera Hitos, fases, criterios y productos y forma parte de una propuesta metodológica y conceptual que se ha utilizado como marco de referencia yque permite organizar y estructurar la innovación curricular en la carrera de medicina. El hito 1 se refiere al levantamiento de información de las demandas y necesidades de formación a través del análisis de fuentes de investigación, actores claves y diversos marcos de referencia, para organizar y estructurar compromisos formativos para la elaboración y declaración del perfil de egreso. Por lo tanto significa justificar las decisiones tomadas, argumentando desde la lógica de la formación, la racionalidad que se espera modelar y los problemas, situaciones o contexto sobre los que el egresado actuará, utilizando como referencia las respuestas y posición frente al levantamiento de información . Esto responde a exigencias por parte de la sociedad, y así también para poder instalar una propuesta educativa con formación profesional universitaria pertinente. El hito 2 se refiere al análisis y síntesis de la información obtenida de los actores relevantes, de manera a tomar decisiones sobre cuáles son las demandas y necesidades en la formación de los estudiantes de la FCM-UNA. De esta forma ir avanzando hacia la declaración de los compromisos formativos y su representación en el perfil de egreso. Palabras clave: Responsabilidad social, percepción, propuesta formativa, formación profesional, formación médica.

https://doi.org/10.18004/anales/2016.049(01)105-118 364 downloads

12.

ENCOMS: Argentinian survey in cost of illness and unmet needs in multiple sclerosis
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Ysrraelit, Celica

; Caceres, Fernando

; Villa, Andres

; Marcilla, Marcela Parada

; Blanche, Jorge

; Burgos, Marcos

; Parera, Ignacio Casas

; Colombo, Oscar

; Crespo, Ernesto

; Deri, Norma

; Labal, Patricio

; Maluendez, Monica

; Martinez, Alejandra

; Melcon, Mario

; Nofal, Pedro

; Reich, Edgardo

; Sinay, Vladimiro

; Tarulla, Adriana

; Vetere, Santiago

; Barboza, Andres

; Rey, Roberto

; Moreno, Margarita

; Bacile, Alejandra

; Rojas, Juan I.

; Kuperman, Gaston

; Resk, Mercedes

; Seifer, Gustavo

; Machinicki, Gerardo

; Cuneo, Jorge

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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may 2014, Volume 72 N. 5 Pages 337 - 343

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

The objective of the study was to assess the cost of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients in Argentina categorized by disease severity using a societal perspective.Method:Cross-sectional study including MS patients from 21 MS centers in 12 cities of Argentina. Patients were stratified by disease severity using the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (group 1 with EDSS score between 0 and 3; group 2 with EDSS >3 and <7; group 3 with EDSS ≥7). Direct and indirect costs were analyzed for the second quarter of 2012 from public sources and converted to US Dollars.Results:266 patients were included. Mean annual cost per MS patient was USD 36,025 (95%CI 31,985-38,068) for patients with an EDSS between 0-3; USD 40,705 (95%CI 37,199-46,300) for patients with EDSS >3 and <7, and USD 50,712 (95%CI 47,825-62,104) for patients with EDSS ≥7.Conclusions:This is the first Argentine study evaluating the costs of MS considering disease severity.

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar el costo de los pacientes con esclerosis múltiple (EM) en Argentina categorizados por severidad de la enfermedad.Método:Estudio de corte transversal que incluyó pacientes con EM en 12 ciudades de Argentina. Los pacientes se estratificaron según expanded disability status scale (EDSS) (grupo 1 EDSS entre 0 y 3; grupo 2 EDDS >3 y <7; grupo 3 EDSS ≥7). Los costos directos e indirectos fueron analizados para el segundo trimestre de 2012 y convertidos a dólares estadounidenses.Resultados:266 pacientes fueron incluidos. El coste medio anual por paciente con EM fue de USD 36,025 (31,985-38,068 IC95%) para los pacientes con un EDSS entre 0-3; USD 40,705 (37,199-46,300 IC95%) para los pacientes con EDSS >3 y <7 y USD 50,712 (47,825-62,104 IC95%) para los pacientes con EDSS ≥7.Conclusiones:Primer estudio argentino evaluar los costes de la EM considerado la gravedad de la enfermedad.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282X20140016 5177 downloads

13.

Associação entre medidas antropométricas e fatores de risco cardiovascular em crianças e adolescentes
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Burgos, Miria Suzana

; Burgos, Leandro Tibiriçá

; Camargo, Marcelo Dias

; Franke, Silvia Isabel Rech

; Prá, Daniel

; Silva, Antônio Marcos Vargas da

; Borges, Tássia Silvana

; Todendi, Pâmela Ferreira

; Reckziegel, Miriam Beatris

; Reuter, Cézane Priscila

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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oct 2013, Volume 101 N. 4 Pages 288 - 296

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

FUNDAMENTO: A obesidade tem sido identificada como importante fator de risco no desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares, porém outros fatores exercem influência, combinados ou não à obesidade, e devem ser considerados na estratificação de risco cardiovascular em pediatria. OBJETIVO: Analisar a associação entre medidas antropométricas e fatores de risco cardiovascular, investigar os determinantes para as mudanças da pressão arterial (PA) e propor uma equação de predição para circunferência de cintura (CC) em crianças e adolescentes. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 1.950 crianças e adolescentes, com idade entre 7-18 anos. Foi investigada a gordura visceral pela CC e a relação cintura-quadril, PA e índice de massa corporal (IMC). Em uma subamostra selecionada aleatoriamente desses voluntários (n = 578), foram medidos o colesterol total, a glicemia e os triglicerídeos. RESULTADOS: A CC se correlacionou positivamente com o IMC (r = 0,85; p < 0,001) e a PA (PAS r = 0,45 e PAD = 0,37; p < 0,001). A glicemia e os triglicerídeos apresentaram correlação fraca com a CC (r = 0,110; p = 0,008 e r = 0,201; p < 0,001, respectivamente). O colesterol total não se correlacionou com nenhuma variável. Idade, IMC e CC foram preditores significativos nos modelos de regressão para PA (p < 0,001). Propõe-se uma equação de predição da CC para crianças e adolescentes: meninos: y = 17,243 + 0,316 (altura em cm); meninas: y = 25,197 + 0,256 (altura em cm). CONCLUSÃO: A CC está associada com fatores de risco cardiovascular e apresenta-se como fator preditor de risco para hipertensão em crianças e adolescentes. A equação de predição para CC proposta em nosso estudo deve ser testada em futuros trabalhos.

BACKGROUND: Obesity has been identified as an important risk factor in the development of cardiovascular diseases; however, other factors, combined or not with obesity, can influence cardiovascular risk and should be considered in cardiovascular risk stratification in pediatrics. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between anthropometry measures and cardiovascular risk factors, to investigate the determinants to changes in blood pressure (BP), and to propose a prediction equation to waist circumference (WC) in children and adolescents. METHODS: We evaluated 1,950 children and adolescents, aged 7 to 18 years. Visceral fat was assessed by WC and waist-hip relationship, BP and body mass index (BMI). In a randomly selected subsample of these volunteers (n = 578), total cholesterol, glucose and triglycerides levels were evaluated. RESULTS: WC was positively correlated with BMI (r = 0.85; p < 0.001) and BP (SBP r = 0.45 and DBP = 0.37; p < 0.001). Glycaemia and triglycerides showed a weak correlation with WC (r = 0.110; p = 0.008 e r = 0.201; p < 0.001, respectively). Total cholesterol did not correlate with any of the variables. Age, BMI and WC were significant predictors on the regression models for BP (p < 0.001). We propose a WC prediction equation for children and adolescents: boys: y = 17.243 + 0.316 (height in cm); girls: y = 25.197 + 0.256 (height in cm). CONCLUSION: WC is associated with cardiovascular risk factors and presents itself as a risk factor predictor of hypertension in children and adolescents. The WC prediction equation proposed by us should be tested in future studies.

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20130169 7754 downloads

14.

Cómo la estrategia de mapas mentales y conceptuales estimulan el desarrollo de la inteligencia espacial en estudiantes universitarios
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Velásquez Burgos, Bertha Marlén

; León Guatame, Aida Ximena

Tabula Rasa

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dec 2011, N. 15 Pages 221 - 254

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

El presente artículo explicita los resultados del proyecto de investigación titulado ¿Cómo la estrategia de mapas mentales y conceptuales estimulan el desarrollo de la inteligencia visual-espacial en estudiantes de la universidad? desarrollado en el marco de la teoría de las inteligencias Múltiples de Gardner, así como en el trabajo realizado por novak y Buzán en torno de los mapas conceptuales y mentales. El resultado de la investigación evidencia que el uso de esta estrategia se constituye en herramienta que potencian la inteligencia visual-espacial, por cuanto estimulan: la creación de imágenes con el fin de explicar una idea; el desarrollo de la memoria visual para ejecutar y recrear percepciones anteriores; el perfeccionamiento del sentido artístico y estético; la práctica para controlar el movimiento motor fino; la práctica del arte visual, por cuanto hay retención de objetos, figuras, colores, proporción y perspectiva; entre otras habilidades centrales que caracterizan este tipo de inteligencia.

This paper makes explicit the results of the research project entitled how does mind and concept mapping strategy stimulate visual-spatial intelligence development among university students?, which was developed in the framework of both Gardner's theory of Multiple intelligences and the work by novak and Buzán around concept and mind maps. Results of research evidence that using this strategy makes up a tool leveraging visualspatial intelligence, since it stimulates: the creation of images arranged so as to explain an idea; the development of visual memory to execute and recreate earlier perceptions; the improvement of artistic and aesthetic sense; a practice to control fine motor movement; a practice of visual art, since there is object, figure, color, proportion and perspective retention, among other central abilities characterising this intelligence.

O presente artigo explicita os resultados do projeto de pesquisa intitulado «Como a estratégia de mapas mentais e conceituais estimula o desenvolvimento da inteligência visual-espacial em estudantes universitários?», desenvolvido de acordo com os marcos da teoria das inteligências Múltiplas de Gardner e do trabalho realizado por novak e Buzán sobre mapas conceituais e mentais. Os resultados da pesquisa evidenciam que o uso dessa estratégia constitui uma ferramenta que potencializa a inteligência visual Espacial na medida em que estimula: a criação de imagens com o fim de explicar uma idéia; o desenvolvimento da memória visual para executar e recriar percepções anteriores; o aperfeiçoamento do sentido artístico e estético; a prática para o controle motor fino; a prática da arte visual pela retenção de objetos, figuras, cores, proporção e perspectiva - entre outras habilidades centrais que caracterizam esse tipo de inteligência.

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15.

Molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis: methodology and applications
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Burgos, Marcos V

; Méndez, Juan Camilo

; Ribon, Wellman

Biomédica

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jun 2004, Volume 24 Suppl. 1 Pages 188 - 201

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Epidemiología molecular de la tuberculosis: métodos y aplicaciones La reemergencia de la tuberculosis en el mundo ha despertado el interés en el entendimiento de la epidemiología y patogénesis de esta enfermedad. Un revolucionario avance en este campo de investigación ha sido el desarrollo de técnicas moleculares que permiten identificar y establecer la huella particular de cada cepa de M. tuberculosis. Con el uso de estas técnicas, y el establecimiento de la epidemilogia molecular como nueva disciplina se adicionó otra dimensión a la epidemiologia clásica de la tuberculosis y ha incrementado el conocimiento de la dinámica de la transmisión de M. tuberculosis dentro de una población. En el proceso han sido identificados problemas en los programas de control, lo cual ha ayudado a obtener recursos para su mejoramineto e implementación. Aún más, se ha resaltado la necesidad de continuar vigilando esta enfermedad. Otras metodologías genotípicas han sido desarrolladas a partir del conocimiento de la secuencia del genoma de M. tuberculosis. Estas metodologías genotípicas de fácil implementación y bajo costo se deben aplicar en países en vía de desarrollo, donde existe el 90% de la enfermedad, como apoyo a los programas de control de la tuberculosis. Estas herramientas permitirán conocer la dinámica de transmisión de la tuberculosis, la estructura de la población, la evolución y patogénesis de M. tuberculosis.

The resurgence of tuberculosis around the world has renewed interest in understanding the epidemiology and pathogenesis of this disease. A revolutionary advance in the field of tuberculosis research has been the development of molecular techniques that permit identification and tracking of individual strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. With these techniques, molecular epidemiology has been established as a new discipline that adds another dimension to the classical epidemiology of tuberculosis and has increased our understanding of the transmission dynamics of M. tuberculosis. The increased epidemiological knowledge has led to discovery of inadequacies in tuberculosis control programs; this information has helped garner resources for program improvement and has highlighted the need for the continuous surveillance of tuberculosis. Additional genetic methods are being developed based on the knowledge of the genome sequence of M. tuberculosis. These simpler and less costly genotyping techniques promise to expand the application of molecular epidemiology to developing nations (where 90% of the disease burden occurs) in support of national tuberculosis programs. Further more, these tools permit ever more effective probes into the dynamics of transmission, the population structure, evolution and pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis.

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