RESUMO: Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementação oral de probióticos em forma líquida em leitões lactentes (2 aos 19 dias de idade), de linhagem pura Large White e cruzamento Landrace e Large White, sobre ganho de peso diário, consumo de ração, incidência de diarreia e características morfo-histológicas da mucosa do intestino delgado, altura, largura e perímetro das vilosidades e profundidade das criptas. Um total de 276 leitões foram distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com arranjo fatorial 2 x 3, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de duas linhagens genéticas, 130 leitões Large White puros e 146 leitões provenientes do cruzamento das raças Landrace e Large White, duas combinações distintas de microrganismos, bactérias probióticas ou combinação de levedura e bactérias probióticas e um grupo controle alimentado com uma dieta basal, sem adição de antibióticos e promotores de crescimento. A suplementação com probióticos aumentou o ganho médio de peso diário de leitões lactentes (P=0,02), independente da linhagem, e não influenciou (P>0,10) o consumo médio diário de ração. O cruzamento das raças Landrace e Large White apresentou maior consumo médio diário de ração (P=0,03). Não houve diferença significativa na incidência de diarreia (P>0,10) entre os tratamentos. A histo-morfometria intestinal não foi significativamente diferente entre as linhagens genéticas (P>0,10). Os leitões que receberam probióticos apresentaram maior altura de vilosidade em duodeno (P=0,01). Concluiu-se que os leitões que receberam probióticos orais melhoraram a histo-morfologia intestinal e o ganho médio diário de peso, independentemente das linhas genéticas. As maiores vilosidades duodenais foram medidas em P2 e P3 (450,37 μm e 435,62 μm, respectivamente) em comparação com o grupo controle P1 (309,25 μm; P = 0,01). Maior ganho de peso médio diário foi obtido em P2 e P3 (259,55 g e 250,50 g, respectivamente) em comparação com P1 (221,9 g; P = 0,02).

ABSTRACT: The effects of the oral supplementation of probiotics on the performance and intestinal histo-morphology of the duodenal, jejunal, and ileal mucosa, comparing with two different genetic lines (purebred Large White or crossbred Large White x Landrace) of suckling piglets were evaluated between 2 and 19 days of age. In total, 276 piglets were distributed according to a completely randomized experimental design in a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, with four replicates each. Treatments consisted of two genetic lines (130 purebred Large White and 146 crossbred Large White x Landrace piglets), two different probiotic products (probiotic bacteria or a combination of yeast and probiotic bacteria), and a control (basal diet with no addition). Probiotics increased the average daily weight gain (P=0.02), independently of genetic line, but did not influence (P>0.10) average daily feed intake. Crossbred piglets presented higher average daily feed intake (P=0.03) than purebreds. The incidence of diarrhea was not significantly different (P>0.10) among the treatments. Intestinal histo-morphometric parameters were not influenced by genetic lines (P>0.10). However, the piglets fed with the probiotic products exhibited higher duodenal villi compared with the control (P=0.01). In conclusion, piglets that received oral probiotics improved intestinal health and average daily weight gain, independent of the genetic lines. Higher duodenal villus were measured in P2 and P3 (450.37 μm and 435.62 μm, respectively) compared with the control group P1 (309.25 μm; P=0.01). Higher average daily weight gain was obtained in P2 and P3 (259.55 g and 250.50 g, respectively) compared with P1 (221.9 g; P=0.02).

ABSTRACT We evaluated the effect of adding proteases in diets of laying hens at peak production on the performance, egg quality, relative weight of digestive organs, and intestinal morphometry. Hy-Line W36 layer hens (390; 28-39 weeks old) were distributed in five treatments, with 13 animals each, with six replicates. The treatments were: control (standard formulation without nutritional reduction or protease inclusion), negative control A - NCA (nutritional reduction according to protease A matrix, without protease), negative control B - NCB (nutritional reduction according to protease B matrix, without protease), NCA + protease A, and NCB + protease B. The experimental period lasted 12 weeks, divided into three cycles of 28 days. Hens subjected to treatments (NCA and NCB) showed a decrease in feed intake. However, the addition of proteases A and B promoted improvement in this trait. The diets NCA and NCB had a negative influence on the production rate of the hens, but the diet supplementation with protease B resulted in significant improvement on egg laying rate. Hens subjected to nutritional reduction presented the worst results regarding mass and conversion by egg mass. However, the addition of enzymes reversed these results. Although the diets did not affect the relative weights of yolk, albumen, eggshell, Haugh unit, and specific gravity of the eggs, a higher eggshell thickness was observed in hens that received NCA, NCB, and NCB + protease B diets. The diets did not influence the relative weights of digestive organs and the small intestine morphometry. Hens fed diets supplemented with A and B have performance recovered in relation to those that received diets with reduced levels of nutrients.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and bone strength of the tibiotarsus of broilers at 7 and 14 days of age. Bone percentages of collagenous protein (CPr), non-collagenous protein (NCPr) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium) were determined. The experiment utilized 650 male Cobb chicks at one day of age, fed corn and soybean meal-based diets. The experimental design was of random blocks with five treatments, five replicates and 26 birds per experimental unit. The treatments consisted of a basal diet supplementated with NH4Cl to obtain five levels (-50, 0, 50, 100 and 150 mEq/kg) of electrolyte balance (EB). The levels of EB influenced the following characteristics: ash and potassium content; Ca:P ratio and the breaking strength (at 7 days); and phosphorus and potassium contents and breaking strength (at 14 days). At the starter phase of rearing, the supply of acidogenic diets affected the concentrations of potassium and phosphorus in the bone tissue, without altering the organic fraction.

Conduziu-se este trabalho, com o objetivo de verificar o efeito do uso de probiótico e/ou prebiótico na alimentação de matrizes suínas. Foi utilizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 4 tratamentos e 6 repetições (T1= controle; T2= prebiótico; T3= probiótico; e T4= prebiótico + probiótico), sendo cada fêmea considerada uma parcela. A adição de probiótico e/ou prebiótico diminuiu o número de leitões mumificados. A adição de prebiótico na ração das matrizes adicionado ou não de probiótico, elevou a concentração de proteína no leite no 21º dia de lactação. No 14º dia de lactação, as concentrações de Clostridium perfringens foram menores nas fezes de matrizes que se alimentaram de probiótico. No 21º dia de lactação, as concentrações de Bifidobacterium nas fezes das matrizes foram estatisticamente menores no tratamento com prebiótico (T2). As concentrações de Enterobacteriaceae foram maiores nas fezes de matrizes que receberam a adição de probiótico (T3).

The objective of the present study was to in determine the effect of probiotic and/or prebiotic added to feed for sows. An entirely randomized design with 24 sows, 4 treatments and 6 replicates (T1 = control; T2 = prebiotic; T3 = probiotic; and T4 = prebiotic + probiotic) was used. The addition of probiotic and/or prebiotic decreased the number of mummified piglets. The addition of prebiotic to sow´s feed, with or without probiotic, increased the concentration of milk protein on the 21st day of lactation. On the14th day of lactation, the of Clostridium perfringens was smaller in the faeces of sows fed with probiotic (T3 and T4). On the 21st day of lactation, the concentration of Bifidobacterium in the faeces was statistically lower in sow food with prebiotic (T2). Concentrations of Enterobacteriaceae were higher in the faeces of sows that received probiotic (T3).

No presente trabalho, objetivou-se avaliar a soroprevalência da infecção por Toxoplasma gondii, em 708 matrizes suínas dos municípios de Nova Mutum e Diamantino do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil. As amostras de soro foram examinadas por meio da reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Foi encontrada a frequência de 12,8% de soros positivos, com diluições iguais ou superiores a 64. Portanto, os dados obtidos reforçam a necessidade de um manejo de criação adequado, visando à minimização do risco de infecção de suínos por T. gondii.

This report aimed to assess the seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in 708 swine matrices in Nova Mutum and Diamantino in the state of Mato Grosso, Central-West Brazil. Serum samples were examined by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT). It was found a seroprevalence of 12.8%, considering titers >64. Therefore, the data reinforce the need for appropriate management of swine raising to minimize the risk of infection of pigs with T. gondii.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a prevalência de Salmonella sp. em suínos abatidos em frigoríficos sob Inspeção Federal no Estado de Mato Grosso. Amostras de linfonodos mesentéricos e tonsilas de diferentes procedências foram coletadas em três frigoríficos. Das 300 amostras processadas, 50 (16,6%) foram positivas para Salmonella sp., sendo identificados 14 diferentes sorovares. Os sorovares mais freqüentes foram Derby (16%), Typhimurium (14%), London (12%) e Give (12%). Os resultados epidemiológicos obtidos mostram uma baixa prevalência desta bactéria quando comparados com os resultados de estudos realizados em outros Estados.

The present study aims to determine the prevalence of Salmonella sp. in pigs in slaughterhouses under Federal Inspection at Mato Grosso, Brazil. Samples of mesenteric lymph nodes and tonsils were collected in three abattoirs from different regions. Three hundred samples were processed; fifty (16.6%) were positive for Salmonella sp. and belonged to fourteen different serological types. The most common serotypes were Derby (16%), Typhimurium (14%), London (12%) and Give (12%). The epidemiological results obtained show a low prevalence of this bacterium when compared to studies in other Brazilian states.

Uma caracterização do perfil sorológico de 102 indivíduos com constantes atividades no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso foi realizada por meio de fichas epidemiológicas e provas sorológicas para titulação de anticorpos contra o vírus da raiva, no período de novembro de 1999 a novembro de 2000. Dessas pessoas, 27 tinham sido vacinadas em esquema de pré-exposição e 75 não tinham recebido nenhum esquema de vacinação anti-rábica. Os resultados deste estudo puderam classificar os indivíduos em diferentes grupos (G1, G2, G3 e G4). As 19 (18,6%) pessoas do grupo G1, previamente vacinadas contra raiva, apresentaram titulação abaixo de 0,5 UI/mL; no grupo G2, as 8 (7,8%) pessoas, também previamente vacinadas, apresentaram títulos superiores a 0,5UI/mL; no grupo G3, as 67 (65,6%) pessoas, não vacinadas contra o vírus rábico, apresentaram titulação abaixo de 0,5UI/mL; e finalmente no grupo G4, as 8 (7,8%) pessoas, que nunca receberam esquema vacinal, apresentaram títulos acima de 0,5UI/mL. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que existe necessidade de avaliação epidemiológica e acompanhamento sorológico. de pessoas submetidas a vacinação anti-rábica pré-exposição em hospitais veterinários.

A characterization of the serological profile of 102 workers in constant activities in a veterinary hospital environment at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso was made through epidemiological data and serological tests to the rabies virus from November 1999 to November 2000. Of these, 27 had been vaccinated in a pre-exposure scheme and 75 had not received any kind of antirabies immunization. The results of the study classified the people into four groups (G1, G2, G3 and G4). In G1, 19 (18.6%) people that had been previously vaccinated showed a titration level lower than 0.5UI/mL; in G2, 8 (7.8%) people who had been previously vaccinated showed a titration level higher than 0.5UI/mL; in G3, 67 (65.6%) people who had not been vaccinated against rabies virus showed a titration level lower than 0.5UI/mL; and finally in G4, 8 (7.8%) people who had never received any kind of vaccine scheme showed a titration level higher than 0.5UI/mL. The results showed that epidemiological evaluation and serological profile are necessary people working in a veterinary hospital environment while being pre-exposure vaccinated.

Foram avaliados os questionários respondidos por 476 alunos, com idade entre 15 e 20 anos, de uma escola do bairro Pedra 90 em Cuiabá-MT, objetivando conhecer as características da população canina e felina daquele local. Dos 476 domicílios, em 371 (78%), foram registrados 513 cães e 307 gatos. Dos 513 cães, 289 (56,3%) eram machos e 224 (43,7%) fêmeas. Dos 307 gatos, 182 (59,3%) eram machos e 125 (40,7%) fêmeas. Os proprietários de 474 (92,4%) cães e 267 (86,9%) gatos afirmaram ter vacinado seus animais contra raiva.

Questionnaires answered by 476 students (age 15-20 yrs) attending a local school in the neighborhood of Pedra 90 in Cuiabá-MT were analyzed in order to study the characteristics of feline and canine populations in the region. The results showed that 371 (78%) of the 476 families kept 513 dogs and 307 cats. Of 573 dogs, 289 (56.3%) were male and 224 (43.7%) were female. Of 307 cats, 182 (59.28%) were male and 125 (40.72%) were female. The owners of 474 (92.4%) dogs and 267 (86.9%) cats reported that their pets had been vaccinated against rabies.