Abstract Introduction: The nose and throat are areas of high viral load, which could place otolaryngologists at an even higher risk for COVID-19 than other health-care workers. Objective: To investigate the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in otorhinolaryngologists in southern Brazil, its relationship to demographic data, professional practice and reported symptoms of COVID-19, and compare it with official data on other health-care workers of the state and the general population in the same period. Methods: In this cross-sectional multicenter study, otolaryngologists actively practicing officially registered in Rio Grande do Sul were screened for IgM and IgG antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 from August 1 to September 15, 2020. A questionnaire was also applied. Results: We screened 358 (80.1%) of 447 actively practicing otolaryngologists (195 [54.5%] male; mean [SD] age, 47.77 [13.57] years; range, 26-84 years). Twenty-three were positive for IgM and/or IgG (6.4%). This result was significantly associated with reports of infected household contacts (19/315 negatives and 8/23 positives; p<0.001). From 23 seropositive participants, 14 were asymptomatic (60.9%; p< 0.001). There were no significant associations between seroconversion and age, sex, number of patient appointments and surgical procedures, workplace (hospital or private practice), patients with or without respiratory symptoms, or level of personal protective equipment used. The rate of COVID-19 in all health-care workers in the state was 7.69% at the end of the same period. Data from state government seroprevalence was 5.26 (risk ratio [RR]; 95% CI 3.27–8.45) and 4.66 (RR; 95% CI 2.93–7.43) times higher in otolaryngologists than in the general population in August and September, respectively. Conclusion: Otolaryngologists had a higher seroconversion rate than the general population. Using personal protective equipment, the level of occupational exposure did not result in higher rates of infection than other health-care workers, but the presence of infected household contacts was associated with higher rates of seroconversion.

This article aims to explore the biographical experience and intellectual itinerary of the Argentinian pedagogue Adriana Puiggrós, who contributed with her texts to a renewal on how to understand national and Latín American education. In the first part, we delve into herfamily history and her training as a teacher and as a graduated in Educational Sciences, as well as her participation in educational, activists and university experiences during the '60s and particularly her intervention in the Faculty of Philosophy and Literature at the University of Buenos Aires between 1973 and 1974. In the second part, we explore and analyze the experience of her exile in México between 1974 and 1984, paying particular attention to painful biographical circumstances and to her incorporation into the higher education system and her postgraduate studies. The hypothesis of the text is that the production of her PhD thesis that later became widely circulated books, enabled her to develop the phenomena of the early '70s in which she actively participated and to give an end to both a political and family cycle; moreover they constituted Adriana Puiggrós as an author of reference in the field of education in the posdictatorial time. While academic production was a crucial activity in exiled women, the processes of intellectual production as well as the new significances of the books published become relevant after their circulation and reading in the Argentinian universitiesduring the restoration of democracy in 1983.

En la segunda parte se explora y analiza la experiencia del exilio en México entre 1974 y 1984, prestando atención a circunstancias biográficas dolorosas y a su inserción en el sistema de educación superior y en estudios de posgrado. La hipótesis del texto es que la producción de tesis de posgrado, que se convirtieron luego en libros de amplia circulación, le permitió elaborar los fenómenos de los primeros setenta, en los que había participado activamente, y el cierre de un ciclo a la vez político y familiar. Por otra parte, constituyeron a Adriana Puiggrós como autora de referencia en el campo de la pedagogía en el ciclo posdictatorial. En tanto la escritura académica constituyó una actividad crucial de mujeres exiliadas, adquieren relevancia los procesos de producción intelectual, así como las nuevas significaciones de los libros publicados a partir de su circulación y lectura en el espacio universitario argentino con la recuperación de la democracia en 1983.

A presente investigação objetivou identificar as publicações existentes sobre bioética e cuidados paliativos em idosos no período entre 2002 e 2013, descrevendo os casos encontrados. Para isso, foram investigadas as bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO e Ibecs, buscando publicações com as palavras-chave “bioethics” AND “palliative care” AND “aged”. Foram encontrados 16 artigos que realmente tratavam de bioética e cuidados paliativos em idosos. Pode-se verificar que são poucos os estudos relacionando bioética e cuidados paliativos, comprovado pela escassa literatura sobre o tema. Assim, o levantamento indica a necessidade de outros trabalhos destinados a aprofundar a temática e aprimorar o conhecimento eticamente correto dos profissionais da saúde.

The present study aimed to identify existing studies of bioethics and palliative care among the elderly, and describes cases encountered with a publication date between 2002 and 2013. Publications in the PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO and Ibecs databases were identified using the keywords “bioethics” AND “palliative care” AND “aged”. Following methodological selection, 16 articles were identified. There were few studies relating to bioethics and palliative care, confirming a lack of literature in this area. Therefore additional studies are required to increase understanding of this theme and the ethical knowledge of health professionals.

La investigación tuvo como objetivo identificar las publicaciones existentes sobre bioética y los cuidados paliativos en las personas mayores que describen los casos encontrados en el período 2002-2013. Con este fin, las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Lilacs, SciELO y Ibecs fueron investigadas, en busca de publicaciones con las palabras-clave “bioethics” AND “palliative care” AND “aged”. Se encontraron 16 artículos que realmente analizaban la bioética y cuidados paliativos en personas mayores. Se puede comprobar que hay pocos estudios relacionados con la bioética en los cuidados paliativos, lo que se comprueba por la escasa literatura sobre el tema. La conclusión es que se necesitan más estudios para profundizar aún más el tema y, por lo tanto, el conocimiento éticamente correcto de los profesionales de la salud.

INTRODUÇÃO: Bola fúngica dos seios paranasais é uma infecção não invasiva que se caracteriza por sua cronicidade, sendo a maioria relacionada com tratamento endodôntico prévio. Acomete principalmente o seio maxilar, embora todos os seios possam ser envolvidos. O principal agente etiológico é o Aspergillus spp. A tomografia computadorizada, devido às apresentações radiológicas características, sugere o diagnóstico que é realizado definitivamente através de análises histopatológicas. O tratamento padrão-ouro é a cirurgia sinusal endoscópica com antrostomia meatal média. OBJETIVO: Relatar dois casos de bola fúngica dos seios paranasais e ressaltar aspectos importantes desta patologia. RELATO DOS CASOS: Caso 1) Paciente do sexo feminino, 78 anos, apresentou-se com queixas de dor facial há 6 meses e história prévia de tratamento endodôntico. Ao exame físico constatou-se a presença de secreção purulenta em meato médio esquerdo. O Raio X apresentou velamento completo do seio maxilar esquerdo, enquanto a tomografia computadorizada mostrou lesão calcificada neste local. Realizou-se sinusotomia que evoluiu bem. Caso 2) Paciente do sexo feminino, 70 anos, procurou atendimento por história de sinusites de repetição. Ao exame físico não se percebeu nenhuma particularidade. A tomografia computadorizada, assim como a ressonância magnética, detectou espessamento da parede mucosa do seio maxilar esquerdo, além de uma massa calcificada. Realizouse a mesma sequência de tratamento e a paciente também evoluiu bem. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: A infecção fúngica deve ser considerada nos pacientes que se apresentam com sinusite crônica, que não respondem ao uso de antibióticos e que possuem história de manipulação endodôntica.

INTRODUCTION: Fungal ball of the sinuses is a not invasive infection that if characterizes for its chronicity, being the majority related with previous endodontic treatment. Affect mainly the breasts to maxillary; even so all the breasts can be involved. The main etiological agent is the Aspergillus spp. The computed tomography, had to characteristic the radiological presentations, suggests the diagnosis that is carried through definitively through histopathological analyses. The treatment standard-gold is the sinus surgery with average meatal antrostomy. OBJECTIVE: Reporting two cases of fungal ball of the sinuses and to stand out important aspects of this pathology. STORY OF THE CASES: Case 1) Patient of the feminine sex, 78 years old, presented itself with complaints of face pain has 6 months and previous history of endodontic treatment. To the physical examination it was evidenced purulent secretion presence in left average meatus. Ray X presented complete veiling of the breasts to maxillary left, while the computed tomography showed injury calcified in this place. Sinusotomy was become fulfilled that evolved well. Case 2) Patient of the feminine sex, 70 years old, looked attendance for history of sinusitis of repetition. To the physical examination no particularity was not perceived. The computed tomography, as well as the magnetic resonance, detected thickening of the mucous wall of the breasts to maxillary left, beyond a calcified mass. It was become fulfilled same sequence of treatment and the patient also evolved well. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The fungal infection must be considered in the patients who if present with chronic sinusitis, that they do not answer to the antibiotic use and that they possess history of endodontic manipulation.