ABSTRACT This work carried out a literary review of the different aspects related to the use of propolis in the management of plant crops and their advances in agriculture. Propolis is a product widely known for its therapeutic capacity. Due to its antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, among other biological activities, its use has been studied in agriculture. Studies they show that the use of propolis via ethanolic propolis extract (EEP) provides beneficial effects on crops. These benefits are associated with the control of phytopathogens, postharvest preservation and conservation of fruits and vegetables and promotion of plant growth. There is evidence that benefits are the result of the propolis chemical composition that is especially rich in phenolic compounds and nutrients. In addition, the typical waxy property of propolis results in an efficient biofilm in plant tissues. There are still scarce reports showing that the use of EEP in crop management controls the presence of insects and reduces water stress in plants. Generally, studies are mainly focused on in vivo and greenhouse evaluations, requiring further research to elucidate the full potential of the use of propolis in crop management.

Dois experimentos foram realizados para se avaliar o efeito de enzimas microbianas sobre o ganho de peso, o consumo de ração e a conversão alimentar frangos de corte. No primeiro experimento, utilizaram-se 288 pintos de 8 a 21 dias de idade em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2, (duas dietas, farelo de soja + sorgo e farelo de soja + milheto, com ou sem complexo multienzimático - CM), com quatro repetições por tratamento, em que cada parcela foi constituída por 18 aves. As dietas foram formuladas para conter níveis idênticos de energia metabolizável (EM), aminoácidos, cálcio e fósforo. No segundo experimento, foram utilizados 384 frangos de corte de 21 a 42 dias de idade em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com seis tratamentos, quatro repetições e 16 aves por unidade experimental. As dietas experimentais, à base de milho e farelo de soja, foram formuladas para conterem 7 e 9% de EM e 5 e 7% dos aminoácidos metionina (Met), Met + cistina (Cis) e lisina (Lis), com a presença ou não de complexo multienzimático. A inclusão do CM, tanto em rações à base de farelo de soja e sorgo como à base de farelo de soja e milheto, não proporcionou ganhos nos desempenhos das aves na fase inicial de crescimento. Os valores de EM e de aminoácidos (Met, Met+Cis e Lis) da soja podem ser superestimados em 9 e 7%, respectivamente, quando há adição de CM às rações, sem prejuízo ao desempenho das aves.

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of microbial enzymes on weight gain, feed intake and feed: gain ratio. In the first trial, 288 chicks from 8-21 days old were assigned to a complete randomized design with a 2 x 2 fatorial arrangement: meal (soybean meal + sorghum and soybean meal + millet) and with or without multi-enzymatic complex (MC), with four replications of 18 bird per experimental unit. Diets were formulated to contain the same levels of metabolizable energy (ME), amino acids, calcium and phosphorus. In the second trial, 384 broilers from 21-42 days old were assigned to a complete randomized design with six treatments and four replications pf 16 birds per experimental unit. All diets contained corn, soybean meal, 7 and 9% of ME, levels of 7 and 5% of methionine (Met), Met + cystine (Cys) and lysine (Lys) with or without MC. It was concluded, in the first trial, that the inclusion of MC in both soybean meal and sorghum and millet-based diets did not show positive effect on broiler performance. In the second trial, ME and amino acids (Met, Met+Cys and Lys) values could be overestimated in 9 and 7%, respectively, when dietary MC level increased, with no effect on bird performance.