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ABSTRACT The objectives of this work were to estimate the genetic parameters for the traits longevity (LG) and accumulated milk yield at 305 days (MY305) using a bitrait animal model and the single-step GBLUP method and estimate the genetic gain for LG through direct and indirect selection for MY305. We used 4,057 records of first lactations of Murrah dairy buffaloes, collected between 1987 and 2020, belonging to six Brazilian herds located in the states Ceará, Rio Grande do Norte, and São Paulo and 960 animals genotyped using the 90K Axiom Buffalo Genotyping (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Clara, CA) to estimate the genetic parameters. The heritability estimate was 0.25 for MY305 and 0.13 for LG. The genetic gain for LG was 0.13 months under direct selection, and 0.14 months under indirect selection, which results in a relative selection efficiency of 11% under selection for MY305 compared with the direct selection. The genetic correlation between the two traits was 0.77, indicating that animals with genetic potential for high MY305 tend to live longer. The genetic trends for MY305 and LG were 0.22 kg/year and 5.20 days/year, respectively, indicating a positive response, which reaffirms its relationship with the high genetic correlation between the two traits.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz5220220143

Characterization of the milk production chain and study of the dairy herd health in the city of Codó, Maranhão
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Campos, Humberto de

; Abas, Ana Raysa Verde

; Oliveira, Aline Barbosa de

; Santos, Rayane Leite

; Reis, Andressa Emily Frasão

; Silva, Leticia de Melo da

; Bastos, Luciana da Silva

; Carvalho, Isabel Azevedo

; Costa, Francisca Neide

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico

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2020, Volume 87 elocation e0032020

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a cadeia produtiva do leite e estudar a sanidade do rebanho leiteiro do município de Codó, estado do Maranhão, Brasil, através da aplicação de um checklist e da realização de exames para detecção de mastite clínica e subclínica pelos métodos da caneca do fundo escuro e California mastitis test (CMT), no período de junho a agosto de 2019, em 295 vacas leiteiras procedentes de 20 propriedades. Coletaram-se amostras de leite e água da ordenha para análises microbiológicas. Observou-se que os ordenhadores não possuem conhecimento adequado sobre as boas práticas agropecuárias. Quanto à realização da ordenha, apenas 60% realizam-na em currais com cobertura; quanto ao piso, 60% são de terra batida e 40% de concreto. A água utilizada no manejo da ordenha é proveniente de poços em 35% das propriedades e as demais de açudes. As práticas de pré e pós-dipping e os testes CMT e caneca de fundo escuro e a adoção de programa de controle da mastite não são realizados em nenhuma das propriedades. Diagnosticaram-se duas vacas com mastite subclínica e uma com tuberculose e verificou-se elevada contaminação por coliformes totais e termotolerantes nas análises microbiológicas do leite, variando entre 23 NMP/mL a >1.100 NMP/mL e < 3.0 a > 1.100 NMP/mL, respectivamente, e presença de estafilococos coagulase positivos em 25% das amostras. As amostras de água também apresentaram elevada contaminação por coliformes totais entre 4,1 NMP/mL a > 2.419,6 NMP/mL e 40% apresentaram presença de Escherichia coli. Esses resultados refletem a necessidade de mais investimentos em assistência técnica e treinamento técnico para esses produtores.

ABSTRACT In order to characterize the milk production chain and study the dairy herd health in the city of Codó, state of Maranhão, Brazil, a checklist was applied and tests were carried out to detect clinical and subclinical mastitis using mastitis test strip cup and the California mastitis test (CMT), from June to August 2019, in 295 dairy cows from 20 farms. Water and milk samples were collected for microbiological analysis. It was observed that herdsmen do not have adequate knowledge about good agricultural practices. As for milking, only 60% are performed in corrals with coverage, and as for the floor, 60% are made of clay and 40% are made of concrete. In 35% of the properties, the water used in milking management comes from wells and the rest from dams. Pre and postdipping practices, CMT, mastitis strip cup test and the adoption of a mastitis control program are not carried out on any of the properties Two cows tested positive for subclinical mastitis and one cow tested positive for tuberculosis. In the microbiological analysis of the milk, a high count of total coliforms and thermotolerants was obtained, with values between 23 to > 1,100 MPN/mL and < 3.0 to > 1,100 MPN/mL, respectively. The presence of coagulase positive staphylococci was also observed in 25% of the samples. The water samples also showed high contamination by total coliforms between 4.1 to > 2.419.6 MPN/mL and 40% showed the presence of Escherichia coli. These results reflect the need for more investments in technical assistance and technical training for these producers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657000032020 490 downloads

Investigation on Structural, Morphological and Relaxometric Properties of Lamellar Zrp Modified with Long Chain Amine
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Mariano, Danielle de Mattos

; Freitas, Daniela de França da Silva

; Mendes, Luis Claudio

; Carvalho, Ana Luiza Fonseca

; Ramos, Flavio James Humberto Tommasini Vieira

Materials Research

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2019, Volume 22 N. 2 elocation e20180493

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

In order to search nanofiller for controlling release of drugs lamellar α-zirconium phosphate (α-ZrP) was modified with ether-amine oligomer (E-A). Synthesis and chemical modification followed specific reaction conditions and different EA:ZrP ratios. Infrared spectra showed strong interaction between P-OH and NH2 groups. Thermogravimetric curves showed that ether-amine oligomer was incorporated by ZrP. Interlamellar space of α-ZrP increased at least four times indicating intercalation. The relaxometry analysis indicated that α-ZrP molecular mobility changed according to the ether-amine amount. The scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive analysis revealed the presence of octadecylamine inside the α-ZrP galleries. The results showed that P-OH group (Brønsted acid) and amine group (Brønsted base) reacted to each other, resulting in an ionic bond PO- + 3HN-[-(CH2-CH2-O)m-(CH2-C-H(CH3)-O)n-]. Partially intercalated nanofiller were achieved.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1980-5373-mr-2018-0493 971 downloads

Creation of a contusion injury method for skeletal muscle in rats with differing impacts
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Dantas, Milla Gabriela Belarmino

; Damasceno, Camila Mahara Dias

; Barros, Vanessa Raquel Pinto de

; Menezes, Eveline Soares

; Fontoura, Humberto de Sousa

; Lima, Ricardo Santana de

; Carvalho, Ferdinando Oliveira

; Almeida, Jackson Roberto Guedes da Silva

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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may 2017, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 369 - 375

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose: To realize a morphological examination of the musculoskeletal tissue, assessing the effect of a contusion method for the production in rat gastrocnemius, comparing the inflammatory responses generated by different impacts. Methods: For the analysis of a contusion method, twelve female Wistar rats were distributed into four groups. The lesion was generated by 324 g of mass that was dropped from different predetermined heights for each group (30, 45, 60 and 70 cm). Results: In the analysis of musculoskeletal tissue, the response to injury varied according to the mass of the height drop onto the muscle. Only the group that was injured from 70 cm responded with uniform and severe inflammation, whereas the groups 30, 45 and 60 cm showed inflammation in some regions of the tissue with mild and moderate infiltrates. Conclusion: The method with the 324-gram mass dropped from a 70-cm height onto the gastrocnemius muscle of rats seems to be the most suitable for the production of muscle injury in these animals after 72 hours, showing an important inflammatory infiltrate.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020170050000006 1721 downloads

VARIABILIDADE DO DESEMPENHO NO LINE-DRILL TEST EM ADOLESCENTES JOGADORES DE BASQUETEBOL
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Soares, André Luiz de Almeida

; Leonardi, Thiago José

; Reverdito, Riller Silva

; Gonçalves, Carlos Eduardo

; Paes, Roberto Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Humberto Moreira

Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte

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dec 2016, Volume 22 N. 6 Pages 445 - 449

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO Introdução: A prática de basquetebol durante a adolescência aumenta o tamanho corporal e o desempenho funcional. O basquetebol envolve esforços máximos de curta duração com mudanças de direção que utilizam o metabolismo anaeróbico e a agilidade. Objetivo: Examinar a variação do desempenho no Line-drill Test em adolescentes jogadores de basquetebol (n = 59, faixa etária 9 a 15 anos) com relação ao estado de maturação somática (idade estimada do pico da velocidade de crescimento [PVC]) e à variação do tamanho corporal. Métodos: Foi considerada a idade cronológica, o tempo previsto para a idade do PVC pelo protocolo maturity offset, a estatura e a massa corporal medidas por antropometria e o desempenho no Line-drill Test. Foram utilizados modelos alométricos proporcionais para controlar a variação associada ao tamanho corporal, idade cronológica e estado de maturação na variação interindividual no Line-drill Test. Resultados: Observou-se uma relação linear negativa elevada entre o desempenho no Line-drill Test e a idade cronológica (r = - 0,64, IC 95% -0,77 a -0,46, p < 0,01). A relação entre o desempenho no Line-drill Test e o tempo até a idade do PVC mostrou ser não linear, indicando desaceleração na variação do desempenho, aproximadamente entre a idade do PVC e um ano após o PVC predito. Os modelos alométricos mostraram uma relação negativa entre o tamanho corporal e o desempenho no Line-drill Test. A amplitude da variância explicada nos modelos alométricos proporcionais foi de 0,28 a 0,48. Foram observados expoentes negativos de pequena magnitude para a idade cronológica e para o indicador de maturação, sendo, porém, significativos e de amplitude reduzida (-0,05 a -0,06). Conclusão: A utilização de modelos alométricos para controlar a influência do tamanho corporal tem o potencial de ajudar a compreender o desenvolvimento dos desempenhos de agilidade durante a adolescência em jogadores de basquetebol.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The practice of basketball during adolescence increases the body size and functional performance. Basketball involves short-time maximum effort for changes of direction, which use anaerobic metabolism and agility. Objective: To examine the variation in performance in the Line-drill Test in adolescent basketball players (n=59, age 9-15 years) in relation to the stage of somatic maturity (estimated age of peak growth velocity [PGV]) and the variation in body size. Methods: We considered chronological age, estimated time for the age of PGV by the maturity offset protocol, height and body mass measured by anthropometry, and performance in the Line Drill Test. Proportional allometric models were used to control the variation associated with the body size, chronological age, and maturity of inter-individual variation in the Line-drill Test. Results: We found a high negative linear relationship between performance in the Line-drill Test and chronological age (r=-0.64, 95% IC -0.77 - -0.46, p<0.01). The relationship between performance on the Line-drill Test and the time until the age of PGV proved to be non-linear, indicating slowdown in performance variation, approximately from the age of PGV and one year after the predicted PGV. The allometric models showed a negative relationship between body size and performance in the Line-drill Test. The amplitude of variance explained in the proportional allometric models ranged from 0.28 to 0.48. Negative exponents of small magnitude were observed for chronological age and the indicator of maturity being, however, significant and with reduced amplitude (-0.05 to -0.06) Conclusion: The use of allometric models to control the influence of body size can potentially help to understand the development of agility performances in adolescent basketball players.

RESUMEN Introducción: La práctica de baloncesto durante la adolescencia aumenta el tamaño corporal y el rendimiento funcional. El baloncesto implica un esfuerzo máximo de corta duración con cambios de dirección que utilizan el metabolismo anaeróbico y la agilidad. Objetivo: Examinar la variación de rendimiento en el Line-drill Test en jugadores adolescentes de baloncesto (n = 59, edad 9-15 años) en respecto al estado de maduración somática (edad estimada del pico de velocidad de crecimiento [PVC]) y la variación del tamaño corporal. Métodos: Se consideró edad cronológica, el tiempo estimado para la edad del PVC por el protocolo maturity offset, la estatura y la masa corporal medida por antropometría y el rendimiento en el Line-drill Test. Modelos alométricos proporcionales fueron utilizados para controlar la variación asociada con el tamaño corporal, la edad cronológica y el estado de maduración en la variación interindividual en el Line-drill Test. Resultados: Hubo una alta relación lineal negativa entre el rendimiento en el Line-drill Test y la edad cronológica (r = -0,64, IC de 95% -0,77 a -0,46, p < 0,01). La relación entre el rendimiento en el Line-drill Test y el tiempo hasta la edad del PVC resultó ser no lineal, lo que indica una desaceleración en la variación del rendimiento, aproximadamente entre la edad del PVC y un año después del PVC previsto. Los modelos alométricos mostraron una relación negativa entre el tamaño corporal y el rendimiento en el Line-drill Test. La amplitud de la variación explicada en los modelos alométricos proporcionales fue de 0,28 a 0,48. Fueron observados exponentes negativos de pequeña magnitud para la edad cronológica y para el indicador de maduración, siendo, sin embargo, significativos y de amplitud reducida (-0,05 a -0,06). Conclusión: El uso de modelos alométricos para controlar la influencia del tamaño corporal tiene el potencial para ayudar a entender el desarrollo del rendimiento de agilidad durante la adolescencia en jugadores de baloncesto.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1517-869220162206157686 2440 downloads

In vitro and in vivo antioxidant activity of Buriti fruit (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.)
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Romero, Amanda Batista da Rocha

; Carvalho e Martins, Maria do Carmo de

; Nunes, Paulo Humberto Moreira

; Ferreira, Nayara Ravenna Trindade

; Brito, Ana Karolinne da Silva

; Cunha, Polliana Farias Marinho da

; Lima, Alessandro de

; Assis, Regina Célia de

; Araújo, Eva Moreira

Nutrición Hospitalaria

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nov 2015, Volume 32 N. 5 Pages 2153 - 2161

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Introduction: studies have shown high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, polyphenols and ascorbic acid in Buriti fruit (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.). This study evaluated the in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of buriti fruit (Mauritia flexuosa L.f.). Methods: the chemical composition and total phenolic and carotenoid contents of the buriti pulp and the feed rations were determined, and the in vitro antioxidant activity was analyzed using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical assay. Wistar rats (21 days old) were randomly allocated (n=10) into a control groups and experimental groups (feed enriched with buriti pulp). After 60 days, the in vivo antioxidant activity was evaluated through the determination of the catalase activity and non-protein sulfhydryl (NPSH) groups in the liver and quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the plasma and tissues. Results: high contents of oleic fatty acids (73.3%), phenolic compounds (192 ± 0.3 mg/100 g) and carotenoids (23.9 ± 0.5 mg/100 g) as well as elevated in vitro antioxidant activity were found in the buriti pulp. The enriched diet had higher contents of phenols and carotenoids as well as higher antioxidant activity compared with the standard feed (p < 0.05). There were no differences between the groups regarding catalase activity in the liver and MDA concentrations in the plasma, liver and kidneys. The male rats of the experimental group had higher liver concentrations of NPSH compounds (p < 0.05). Conclusion: these results may corroborate the claim that buriti fruit is an antioxidant functional food and support its utilization in a nutritionally balanced diet.

Introducción: estudios previos han demostrado que la fruta Burití (Mauritia flexuosa L.f). posee una alta concentración de ácidos grasos monoinsaturados, carotenoides, polifenoles y ácido ascórbico. Este estudio evaluó la actividad antioxidante in vitro e in vivo del Burití. Métodos: fueron determinadas la composición química, el contenido de compuestos fenólicos y de carotenoides tanto de la pulpa del Burití como de las raciones de alimento. La actividad antioxidante in vitro fue analizada utilizando el ensayo del radical 2,2-difenil-1-picrilhidrazil (DPPH). Ratas Wistar (21 días de edad) fueron asignadas al azar (n = 10) en grupos controles y grupos experimentales (alimentación enriquecida con pulpa de Burití). Después de 60 días, la actividad antioxidante in vivo se evaluó mediante la actividad enzimática de la catalasa y grupos sulfhidrílo no proteico (NPSH) en el hígado, y se cuantificó el malondialdehído (MDA) en plasma y tejidos. Resultados: la pulpa del Burití presentó alto contenido de ácido graso oleico (73,3%), compuestos fenólicos (192 ± 0,3 mg/100 g) y carotenoides (23,9 ± 0,5 mg/100 g), así como una elevada actividad antioxidante in vitro. La dieta enriquecida tenía mayor contenido de fenoles y carotenoides, y una mayor actividad antioxidante en comparación con la alimentación estándar (p < 0,05). No se observaron diferencias entre los grupos con respecto a la actividad de la catalasa en el hígado y las concentraciones de MDA en plasma, hígado y riñones. Las ratas macho del grupo experimental tuvieron concentraciones hepáticas más altas de NPSH (p < 0,05). Conclusión: estos resultados pueden corroborar la hipótesis de que la fruta Burití es un alimento funcional antioxidante y su consumo es conveniente en una dieta nutricionalmente equilibrada.

https://doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.32.5.9603 598 downloads

I Diretriz brasileira de cardio-oncologia pediátrica da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia
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Seber, Adriana

; Miachon, Adriana Siviero

; Tanaka, Ana Cristina Sayuri

; Castro, Ângela Maria Spínola e

; Carvalho, Antônio Carlos

; Petrilli, Antônio Sergio

; Macedo, Carla Renata Donato Pacheco

; Nars, Clarissa Carvalho Fongaro

; Terzian, Claudia Naufel

; Castro Junior, Claudio Galvão de

; Santos, Cleusa Cavalcanti Lapa

; Guerra, Cristina Chaves dos Santos

; Silva, Dafne Cardoso Bourguignon da

; Bassi, Débora Ugayama

; Azeka, Estela

; Feitosa, Fabiana Aragão

; Hamamoto, Fernando

; Szarf, Gilberto

; Lederman, Henrique Manoel

; Rigon Junior, Humberto João

; Jatene, Ieda Biscegli

; Mota, Isabele Coelho Fonseca da

; Perrud, Jeferson Adriano

; Soares Junior, José

; Gutierrez, Julián Arango

; Perin, Juliana Pepe Marinho

; Soares, Juliana dos Santos

; Catani, Liane Hulle

; Tsai, Liliana Yu

; Vianna, Livia Cristina

; Paiva, Marcelo Goulart

; Santos, Marcelo José

; Ishigai, Marcia Marcelino de Souza

; Diógenes, Maria Suely Bezerra

; Alves, Maria Teresa de Seixas

; Piedade, Maria Tereza Castro

; Parreiras, Mariana

; Cypriano, Mônica

; Negrini, Nilce da Silva

; Campos Filho, Orlando

; Figueiredo, Paula Andrade

; Novaes, Paulo Eduardo

; Camargo, Paulo Roberto

; Maia, Priscila dos Santos

; Petrilli, Renata

; Arduini, Rodrigo Genaro

; Gouveia, Roseane Vasconcelos

; Teruya, Suzana Barbosa Miranda

; Moisés, Valdir Ambrosio

; Morais, Vera Lúcia Lins de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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may 2013, Volume 100 N. 5 Pages 1 - 68

Abstract: Pt | Text: Pt | PDF: Pt

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.2013S005 17336 downloads

Rinoplastia endonasal: um estudo do grau de satisfação dos pacientes em cinco anos
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Pinto, Ewaldo Bolivar de Souza

; Maloof, Rachid Gorron

; Dutra, Rodrigo Thiago

; Carvalho, Alexandre Sanfurgo de

; Morelli, Luis Humberto Uribe

; Zanetta, Fernanda Provazi

; Rocha, Rogério Porto da

; Moía, Sandra Márcia da Silva

; Abdalla, Priscila C. S. P.

Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica

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dec 2010, Volume 25 N. 4 Pages 637 - 640

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

INTRODUÇÃO: Muito tem sido discutido a respeito das várias técnicas e vias de acesso em rinoplastia. Todas as técnicas buscam um resultado previsível e reprodutível, associado à melhora estética e funcional do nariz. Nesse trabalho, foi avaliado o nível de satisfação dos pacientes submetidos à rinoplastia nos últimos cinco anos: rinoplastia reducional por via endonasal associada ou não a rinodinâmica. MÉTODO: Por meio de um estudo retrospectivo foram identificados 201 pacientes submetidos à rinoplastia endonasal entre 2005 e 2010. Todos os procedimentos foram realizados com a mesma rotina cirúrgica, conforme indicação. Os pacientes foram avaliados de maneira objetiva quanto à cirurgia realizada e, de maneira subjetiva, a respeito de sua função respiratória anterior e posterior à intervenção cirúrgica e o grau de satisfação quanto à estética nasal por meio de um questionário. RESULTADOS: A idade dos pacientes variou de 14 a 68 anos; com predominância da raça branca (96,75%). Referiram melhora no padrão respiratório após a cirurgia, 83,87% dos pacientes estudados. Em relação à estética nasal, 30 (32,26%) pacientes tiveram suas expectativas superadas, 42 (45,16%) consideraram muito boa, 18 (19,36%), como boa e três (3,22%), como abaixo do esperado. CONCLUSÃO: O procedimento resultou em melhora da função respiratória em quase 90% dos pacientes, além disso, o alto grau de satisfação com a estética exposto pelos pacientes permite concluir que rinoplastia endonasal tem apresentado ótimos resultados até o momento.

BACKGROUND: Much has been discussed about the various techniques and access routes in rhinoplasty. All seek a predictable and reproducible associated with improved aesthetic and functional nose. This study evaluated the level of satisfaction of patients undergoing rhinoplasty in the past five years: by endonasal reductional rhinoplasty associated or not to rhino dynamic. METHODS: Through a retrospective study identified 201 patients who underwent endonasal rhinoplasty the period between 2005 and 2010. All procedures were performed with the same routine as surgical indication. Were evaluated in an objective manner about the surgery and subjectively about their lung function before and after surgery and the degree of satisfaction with the nasal aesthetics through a questionnaire. RESULTS: The age ranged between 14 and 68 years of age; predominant among Caucasians (96.75%). 83.87% of the patients changed their minds after surgery, indicating improvement in breathing pattern. Regarding the nasal aesthetic, 30 (32.26%) patients had exceeded their expectations, 42 (45.16%) felt very good, 18 (19.36%) looked as good and three (3.22%) evaluated with lower than expected. CONCLUSION: The high degree of satisfaction with the aesthetics espoused by patients as well as lead to an improvement of respiratory function in 90% notes that the procedure performed has great result so far.

6468 downloads

Caregiver distress associated with behavioral and psychological symptoms in mild Alzheimer's disease
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Balieiro Jr., Ari Pedro

; Sobreira, Emmanuelle Silva Tavares

; Pena, Marina Ceres Silva

; Silva-Filho, José Humberto

; Vale, Francisco de Assis Carvalho do

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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sep 2010, Volume 4 N. 3 Pages 238 - 244

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Analisar as relações entre desgaste do cuidador e Sintomas Comportamentais e Psicológicos nas Demências (SCPD) na doença de Alzheimer leve. Métodos: Cinquenta pacientes e cuidadores foram entrevistados com o Inventário Neuro-Psiquiátrico (INP). Resultados: 96,0% dos pacientes tinham pelo menos um SCPD. A média do escore total do INP foi 19,6 (dp=18,05; amplitude=0-78). A média do índice de desgaste do cuidador (IDC) foi 11,5 (dp=10,41; amplitude=0-40). Para os sintomas individuais, a média ponderada do IDC foi 2,8 (dp=1,58) (escala 0-5). Exceto para euforia/elação (m=1,8; dp=1,49), as médias dos IDC foram maiores do que 2,0. Foram encontradas correlações entre o IDC e medidas derivadas para todos os sintomas, exceto Desinibição e Sono. As correlações variaram entre 0,443 e 0,894 (p<0,05). Conclusões: Todas as medidas derivadas foram úteis em algum caso. Os dados sugerem que o IDC não pode ser inferido pela presença ou perfil dos sintomas. Antes, deve ser investigado sistematicamente.

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between Caregiver Distress and Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms in Dementias (BPSD) in mild Alzheimer's disease. Methods: Fifty patients and caregivers were interviewed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI). Results: 96.0% of the patients had at least one BPSD. The mean NPI total score was 19.6 (SD=18.05; range=0-78) whereas the mean Caregiver Distress Index (CDI) total score was 11.5 (SD=10.41; range=0-40). For the individual symptoms, the weighted mean CDI was 2.8 (SD=1.58). All symptom CDI means were higher than 2.0 except for euphoria/elation (m=1.8; SD=1.49). There were correlations between CDI and derived measures (Frequency, Severity, FxS, and Amplitude) for all symptoms, except Disinhibition and Night-time behavior. Correlations ranged between 0.443 and 0.894, with significance at p<0.05. Conclusions: All the derived measures, including amplitude, were useful in at least some cases. The data suggests that CDI cannot be inferred from symptom presence or profile. Symptoms should be systematically investigated.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642010DN40300013 1059 downloads

10.

Antiulcer activity of ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile Mart. ex Schult & Schult f. (Bromeliaceae) in rodents
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Moraes de Carvalho, Katharinne I

; Fernandes, Hélio B

; Frota Machado, Flávia D

; Oliveira, Irisdalva S

; Oliveira, Francisco A

; Nunes, Paulo Humberto M

; Lima, Julianeli T

; Silva Almeida, Jackson R G

; Meneses Oliveira, Rita C

Biological Research

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2010, Volume 43 N. 4 Pages 459 - 465

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

This study evaluated the antiulcer activity of an ethanolic extract of Encholirium spectabile (ES-EtOH) by using different standard experimental models of induced acute gastric ulceration. ES-EtOH (100 mg/kg p.o) protected the gastric mucosa against ulceration that was induced by absolute ethanol (53%), ethanol/HCl (75 %), ibuprofen (52 %) and ischemia/reperfusion (43 %). It also restored catalase activity and non-protein sulfhydryl group concentration in the gastric wall of mice that had been treated with ethanol. The pre-treatment of mice with N-nitro-L-arginine (70 mg/kg i.p.) abolished the protective activity of ES-EtOH, which indicates that prostaglandins, antioxidant compounds and nitric oxide synthase activity are involved in the gastroprotective activity of the extract.

3758 downloads

11.

Executive cognitive tests for the evaluation of patients with Parkinson's disease
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Sobreira, Emmanuelle Silva Tavares

; Pena, Marina Ceres Silva

; Silva Filho, José Humberto

; Souza, Carolina Pinto

; Oliveira, Guiomar Nascimento

; Tumas, Vitor

; Vale, Francisco de Assis Carvalho do

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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sep 2008, Volume 2 N. 3 Pages 206 - 210

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A doença de Parkinson (DP) caracteriza-se por alterações do movimento, cognitivas, comportamentais e psicológicas. O objetivo do presente estudo foi correlacionar diferentes testes que examinam funções executivas em pacientes com DP acompanhados em um ambulatório especializado. Métodos: Foram avaliados 35 pacientes com DP idiopática com idade média de 63,0 anos e escolaridade média de 5,5±4,2 utilizando os seguintes testes: Escala de Avaliação de demência de Mattis (EADM), Escala de Desfechos da Doença de Parkinson (SCOPA-COG), Teste Wisconsin de Classificação de Cartas (WCST), Bateria de Avaliação Frontal (BAF), Amplitude de Dígitos-Ordem Inversa (OI) (subteste do WAIS III) e Teste de Fluência Verbal (categoria animais). Resultados: Foram encontradas correlações significativas entre BAF e EADM Conceituação (0,814), EADM Iniciativa/Perseveração (I/P) e SCOPA-COG Funções Executivas (0,643), BAF e EADM I/P (0,601), BAF e Fluência Verbal (0,602) e EADM I/P e EADM Conceituação (0,558), Fluência Verbal e EADM I/P (0,529), EADM Atenção e SCOPA-COG Funções Executivas (0,49), EADM Conceituação e SCOPA-COG Funções Executivas (0,495), BAF e Amplitude de dígitos (OI) (0,503), Fluência Verbal e EADM Conceituação (0,501), WCST Erros Perseverativos e BAF (-0,379), WCST erros perseverativos e MDRS Conceptualization (-0,445), WCST erros perseverativos e EADM I/P (-0,407) e WCST categorias completas e EADM Conceituação (0,382). Discussão: Os resultados evidenciaram fortes correlações entre a maioria dos testes aplicados. Uma dificuldade do estudo presente diz respeito à falta de grupo controle para estabelecer padrões adequados a essa população.

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by changes in movement, which are later followed by cognitive, behavioral and psychological changes. The objective of the present study was to correlate different tests used to examine executive functions in PD patients followed at a specialized outpatient clinic. Methods: Thirty-five patients with idiopathic PD aged 63.0 years on average and with mean schooling of 5.5±4.2 years, were examined using the following tests: Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS), Scales for Outcomes of Parkinson's Disease-Cognition (SCOPA-COG), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), Digit Span - Inverse Order (IO) (a subtest of the WAIS III) and Verbal Fluency Test (category animals). Results: Significant correlations were detected between FAB and MDRS Conceptualization (0.814), MDRS Initiation/Perseveration (I/P) and SCOPA-COG Executive Function (0.643), FAB and MDRS I/P (0.601), FAB and Verbal Fluency (0.602), MDRS I/P and MDRS Conceptualization (0.558), Verbal Fluency and MDRS I/P (0.529), MDRS Attention and SCOPA-COG Executive Function (0.495), MDRS Conceptualization and SCOPA-COG Executive Function (0.520), FAB and Digit Span (OI) (0.503), Verbal Fluency and MDRS Conceptualization (0.501), and WCST perseverative errors and FAB (-0.379), WCST perseverative errors and MDRS Conceptualization (0.445), WCST perseverative errors and MDRS I/P (-0.407) and WCST categories completed and MDRS Conceptualization (0.382). Discussion: The results demonstrated strong correlations between most of the tests applied, but no associations were detected between the WCST and the other tests, a fact that may be explained by the heterogeneity of scores obtained in the tests by the patients evaluated. A difficulty of the present study was the lack of a control groups for the establishment of adequate standards for this population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/S1980-57642009DN20300008 1553 downloads

12.

Support groups for caregivers of patients with Dementia: A comparative study
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Foss, Maria Paula

; Lange, Celmira

; Silva Filho, José Humberto

; Brunini, Fabiana

; Vale, Francisco A. Carvalho do

Dementia & Neuropsychologia

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jun 2007, Volume 1 N. 2 Pages 196 - 202

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Desde que as demências levam a necessidade de cuidadores, um Grupo para Cuidadores de Pessoas com Demência (GC) formou-se e no presente estudo comparou-se as variáveis psicossociais, qualidade de vida, ansiedade e sobrecarga do cuidador num Grupo para Cuidadores de Pessoas com demência (GC) e outro com cuidadores que não estavam envolvidos nesse serviço (não-GC). Métodos: 19 cuidadores primários participantes do grupo (grupo GC) foram estudados e comparados com 13 que não participaram desses grupos (grupo não-GC) Os instrumentos utilizados foram Qualidade de Vida da Organização Mundial de Saúde (WHOQOL-abreviada), Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado (IDATE) e Escala de Carga do Cuidador (ECC). Resultados: Os dois grupos não diferiram em relação à média de idade e o gênero (p<0,05). Os cuidadores do GC tinham maior escolaridade e eram trabalhadores de serviços, sendo a maioria deles filhos dos pacientes. No Não-GC a ocupação mais freqüente foi de donas de casa, sendo a maioria cônjuges. Na WHOQOL, houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) entre os grupos, nos domínios físico, relações sociais e meio ambiente (GC>não GC). No IDATE, houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) na subescala Traço (GC>não GC), mas não na subescala Estado. Não houve diferença significativa na ECC. Conclusão: O GC pareceu beneficiar seus participantes, com prováveis repercussões positivas sobre os pacientes, principalmente na qualidade de vida dessas pessoas.

Abstract Since the dementias lead to the need for caregivers, a Group for Dementia Caregivers (GC) was set up where the present study compared the psychosocial characteristics, quality of life and caregiver overload in a Group For Dementia Caregivers (GC) with caregivers not involved in this scheme (non-GC). Methods: 19 primary caregivers counseled by this group (GC group) was studied and compared to a group of 13 caregivers not receiving such counseling (non-GC group). The instruments used were the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-bref), the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Caregiver Load Scale (CLS). Results: The two groups did not differ in mean age or gender (P<0.05). GC caregivers had a higher educational level, were service workers where majority were the children of patients. In the Non-CG group, the most frequent occupation was housewife, with most subjects being spouses. The WHOQOL revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) between groups in the physical, social relations and environment domains (GC>Non-GC). The STAI revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the Trait subscale (GC>Non-GC), but not in the State subscale. There was no significant difference in CLS. Conclusion: The GC appeared to be of benefit to its participants, with probable positive repercussions on the patients, particularly regarding their quality of life.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1980-57642008dn10200013 705 downloads

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