ABSTRACT. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of alpha-amylase supplementation on performance and carcass and cuts yield in broilers during finishing phase (21 to 42 days). A completely randomized experimental design with six treatments and eight replications was used: Positive Control (PC): no enzyme; Negative control (NC): without enzyme formulated with 6.34% less energy (- 6.34% ME); NC1: with 250 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase; NC2: with 500 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase; NC3: with 750 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase; NC4: with 1000 g ton-1 of alpha-amylase. Significant differences in weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion were reported with the inclusion of alpha-amylase. The NC treatment with inclusion of amylase provided improvement values of weight gain, feed conversion and feed intake, but do not was similarly in comparison to those obtained in broilers fed a diet that completely met the requirements during this phase. There was no dietary influence on carcass parameters. The use of alpha-amylase was effective in improving performance in broilers fed a diet of 200 kcal kg-1 of reduced metabolizable energy.

Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito da suplementação de complexos enzimáticos à dieta sobre o desempenho e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte de ambos os sexos. Avaliaram-se cinco dietas: controle positivo - à base de milho e farelo de soja com farinha de carne e ossos, sem enzima; controle negativo - formulada com 3% menos de energia metabolizável; controle negativo + 0,05% do complexo A (xilanase, 600 U/g; amilase, 8.000 U/g; e protease, 800 U/g); controle negativo + 0,04% do complexo B (α-amilase, 200 kNU/g; e β-glucanase, 350 FBG/g); e controle negativo + 0,04% do complexo B + 0,01% da enzima C (xilanase, 1.000 FXU/g). Não foram observadas diferenças no desempenho das aves no período de 1 a 7 dias de idade. Na fase de 1 a 21 dias de idade, os machos consumiram mais ração e as dietas com o complexo B resultaram em maior ganho de peso. Os melhores resultados de conversão alimentar foram obtidos com o uso dos complexos enzimáticos. No período total, o consumo de ração foi menor entre as aves (machos e fêmeas) mantidas com a dieta controle positivo, enquanto o maior ganho de peso nos machos foi obtido com a dieta controle negativo contendo 0,04% do complexo B. Quanto à conversão alimentar, os machos apresentaram as melhores conversões com o uso dos complexos enzimáticos. Não houve efeito das dietas sobre os rendimentos de carcaça, peito e gordura abdominal. Quando fornecidas dietas com redução de 3% da energia metabolizável, o uso dos complexos enzimáticos é efetivo na recuperação do desempenho das aves.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of enzymatic complexes on the performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from both sexes. Five diets were evaluated: positive control diet based on corn and soybean meal with meat and bone meal without enzyme; negative control diet formulated with 3% less of metabolizable energy; negative control + 0.05% of complex A (600 U/g of xylanase, 8000 U/g of amylase and 800 U/g of protease); negative control + 0.04% of complex B (200 kNU/g of α-amylase and 350 FBG/g of β-glucanase); and negative control + 0.04% of complex B + 0.01% of enzyme C (1000 FXU/g of xylanase). No significant differences were found in the performance of birds from 1 to 7 days of age. From 1 to 21 days of life, males consumed more ration than females. Diets four and five resulted into better weight gains only for males. The best results of feed conversion were obtained with the use of the enzymatic complexes. In the total period, males and females that received the positive control consumed less ration than the other diets. Diet four provided the best weight gain result for males. In relation to feed conversion, males presented the best conversion rate from the use of enzymatic complexes. Females that received diet one and diet five presented better feed conversion rates. No significant differences were observed for the effect of diets on the carcass, breast and abdominal fat yields. It could be concluded that the use of the enzymatic complexes was effective in recovering the performance of birds but decreasing 3% of the metabolizable energy.

Um experimento foi conduzido para avaliar o efeito da suplementação do complexo enzimático Endopower <FONT FACE=Symbol>bÒ</FONT>, composto de a-galactosidase, galactomanase, xilanase e beta-glucanase e da forma física da ração sobre o desempenho e as características de carcaça de frangos de corte. Foram utilizados 1488 frangos de corte machos, distribuídos num delineamento inteiramente casualizado, oito tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos constituíram-se de rações à base de milho e de farelo de soja, sem adição de enzimas ou com 200 ou 400 g de enzimas por tonelada de ração e duas formas físicas (farelada e peletizada). Dois tratamentos adicionais continham dieta basal farelada com energias do milho e farelo de soja valorados em 2 e 9%, respectivamente e digestibilidade de aminoácidos valorados em 4% para ambos ingredientes, sendo um tratamento sem adição de enzimas e outro com a adição de 200 g por tonelada de ração. O desempenho foi avaliado de 1 a 21 dias e 1 a 42 dias de idade das aves. Houve efeito da suplementação enzimática no consumo de ração, nos dois períodos avaliados (P<0,05), o qual reduziu linearmente. A conversão alimentar melhorou (P<0,05) no período de 1-21 dias. O teor de gordura abdominal aumentou linearmente (P<0,05). Houve interação entre suplementação enzimática e forma física da ração na conversão alimentar (P<0,01) e ganho de peso (P<0,05) no período de 1-42 dias, sendo a forma peletizada sem enzimas a que proporcionou melhor desempenho (P<0,05). O ganho de peso de 1-21 dias e o rendimento de carcaça foram superiores nas aves recebendo ração peletizada (P<0,05). A valoração do milho e do farelo de soja não afetou o desempenho (P>0,05) dos frangos de corte 1-21 dias de idade.

A study was conducted in order to verify the effect of enzyme supplementation (Endopower<FONT FACE=Symbol>bÒ</FONT>, based on de alpha-galactosidase, galactomanase, xilanase e beta-glucanase) and feeding different physical forms of diets on performance and carcass yield of broilers from 1 to 42 dais old. A total of 1488 broilers chickens, 8 treatments, 6 replicates and 31 broilers per experimental unit plot were fed with diets based on corn and soybean, with enzyme supplementation 200 or 400g for ton. and without enzymes supplementation and two physical forms (meal and pelleted ). Two additional basal diets with the energetic values of corn and soybean meal valued in 2 and 9% respectively and digestibilidade of amino acids digestibility valued in 4% by using one treatment with no enzyme supplementation and another one with enzyme supplementation of 200g/ton. Two periods 1-21 and 22-42 days old were evaluated. Reduced feed intake were observed in linear way (P<0.05) by the enzyme supplementation (P<0.05) in two periods. Broilers fed diets supplemented showed better feed conversion in the period of 1-21 days (P<0.05). Percentage of abdominal fat increased linearly with the increase of the supplementation level of enzyme (P<0.05). The interaction between enzyme supplementation and physical form was significant (P<0.05) for weight gain (P<0.05) and feed conversion (P<0.01) in the period of 1-42 days old . Pelleted diets showed better weight gain in the 1- 21 days (P<0.05). The pelleted diet improved performance to the broilers fed diets without enzyme supplementation (P<0.05). The carcass yield and weight gain in the period of 121 days were better in broilers fed pelleted diets (P<0.05). ). The valued energetic data of corn and soybean meal shown any difference (P>0.05) on the broiler performance from 1 to 21 days old.