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ABSTRACT Purpose: To evaluate the modulatory properties of Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) (C. officinalis) extract on cafeteria diet-fed rats. Methods: A cafeteria diet was administered ad libitum for 45 days to induce dyslipidemia. Then, the rats were treated with the formulations containing C. officinalis in the doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg or only with the vehicle formulation; the control group received a commercial ration. Results: The cafeteria diet decreased glutathione S-transferase activity and high-density lipoprotein plasmatic levels and damaged the hepatic architecture. The C. officinalis extract was able to reduce lipid infiltration in liver tissue and to modulate oxidative stress and lipid profile markers. Conclusions: The correlations between the variables suggest a pathological connection between oxidative stress markers and serum lipid profile.

https://doi.org/10.1590/acb383723

The SISBIOTA-Diptera Brazilian Network: A long-term survey of Diptera from unexplored Brazilian Western Arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal
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Lamas, Carlos José Einicker

; Fachin, Diego Aguilar

; Falaschi, Rafaela Lopes

; Alcantara, Daniel Máximo Correa de

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Amorim, Dalton de Souza

; Araújo, Maíra Xavier

; Ascendino, Sharlene

; Baldassio, Letícia

; Bellodi, Carolina Ferraz

; Bravo, Freddy

; Calhau, Julia

; Capellari, Renato Soares

; Carmo-Neto, Antonio Marcelino do

; Cegolin, Bianca Melo

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Dios, Rodrigo de Vilhena Perez

; Falcon, Aida Vanessa Gomez

; Fusari, Livia Maria

; Garcia, Carolina de Almeida

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

; Gomes, Marina Morim

; Graciolli, Gustavo

; Gudin, Filipe Macedo

; Henriques, Augusto Loureiro

; Krolow, Tiago Kütter

; Mendes, Luanna Layla

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Maia, Valéria Cid

; Marinoni, Luciane

; Mello, Ramon Luciano

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Morales, Mírian Nunes

; Oliveira, Sarah Siqueira

; Patiu, Claudemir

; Proença, Barbara

; Pujol-Luz, Cristiane Vieira de Assis

; Pujol-Luz, José Roberto

; Rafael, José Albertino

; Riccardi, Paula Raile

; Rodrigues, João Paulo Vinicios

; Roque, Fabio de Oliveira

; Sallum, Maria Anice Mureb

; Santis, Marcelo Domingos de

; Santos, Charles Morphy Dias dos

; Santos, Josenilson Rodrigues dos

; Savaris, Marcoandre

; Shimabukuro, Paloma Helena Fernandes

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Schelesky-Prado, Daniel de Castro

; Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Sousa, Viviane Rodrigues de

; Urso-Guimarães, Maria Virginia

; Wiedenbrug, Sofia

; Yamaguchi, Carolina

; Nihei, Silvio Shigueo

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2023, Volume 67 N. 4 elocation e20230051

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The SISBIOTA-BRASIL was a three-year multimillion-dollar research program of the Brazilian government to document plants and animals in endangered/understudied areas and biomes in Brazil. Distributional patterns and the historical events that generated them are extensively unknown regarding Brazilian fauna and flora. This deficiency hinders the development of conservation policies and the understanding of evolutionary processes. Conservation decisions depend on precise knowledge of the taxonomy and geographic distribution of species. Given such a premise, we proposed to research the diversity of Diptera of the Brazilian western arc of Amazon, Cerrado, and Pantanal in the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, and Rondônia. Three important biomes of the South American continent characterize these Brazilian states: Amazon forest, Cerrado (Brazilian Savannah), and Pantanal. Besides their ecological relevance, these biomes historically lack intensive entomological surveys. Therefore, they are much underrepresented in the Brazilian natural history collections and in the scientific literature, which is further aggravated by the fact that these areas are being exponentially and rapidly converted to commercial lands. Our project involved over 90 collaborators from 24 different Brazilian institutions and one from Colombia among researchers, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and technicians. We processed and analyzed nearly 300,000 specimens from ~60 families of Diptera collected with a large variety of methods in the sampled areas. Here, we provide a detailed overview of the genera and species diversity of 41 families treated. Our results point to a total of 2,130 species and 514 genera compiled and identified for the three states altogether, with an increase of 41% and 29% in the numbers of species and genera known for the three states combined, respectively. Overall, the 10 most species-rich families were Tachinidae, Cecidomyiidae, Tabanidae, Psychodidae, Sarcophagidae, Stratiomyidae, Bombyliidae, Syrphidae, Tephritidae, and Asilidae. The 10 most diverse in the number of genera were Tachinidae, Stratiomyidae, Asilidae, Mycetophilidae, Syrphidae, Tabanidae, Muscidae, Dolichopodidae, Sarcophagidae, and Chloropidae. So far, 111 scientific papers were published regarding taxonomic, phylogenetic, and biogeographical aspects of the studied families, with the description of 101 new species and three new genera. We expect that additional publications will result from this investigation because several specimens are now curated and being researched by specialists.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2023-0051

Do Bulk-Fill Resin Composites Present More Susceptibility to Marginal Degradation in Different Clinical Scenarios? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Santos, Monara Henrique dos

; Santos, Lucas Rodrigues dos

; Alves, Layla Narrely Santos

; Moura, Helene Soares

; Carvalho, Morgana Maria Souza Gadêlha de

; Lins, Rodrigo Barros Esteves

Pesquisa Brasileira em Odontopediatria e Clínica Integrada

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2022, Volume 22 elocation e210145

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective: To compare the marginal degradation (susceptibility to marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration) of composite restorations placed in class II and V cavities using conventional and bulk-fill resin composites. Material and Methods: This study was approved by PROSPERO database (#42020201596). PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, Lilacs, Cochrane, Open Grey, Clinical Trials, and Rebec databases were searched by three independent investigators using MeSH terms, supplementary concepts, synonyms, and free keywords, based on the PICOS strategy (P, population: restoration in permanent teeth; I, intervention: bulk-fill resin composite; C, comparison: conventional resin composite; O, outcome: marginal discoloration and adaptation; and S, study design: randomized and non-randomized clinical trials). The risk of bias was evaluated according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool, the meta-analyses by RevMan software, the certainty of evidence by the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation, and the leave-one-out sensitivity test. The prevalence of successful events and the total number of restorations were used to calculate the risk difference at a confidence interval of 95%, according to a fixed-effect model. The heterogeneity was evaluated using the I2 index. Results: 16 from 10,780 studies were selected and included for qualitative and quantitative analysis. Two studies were considered as high risk of bias, one showing some concerns, and 13 as low risk of bias. Four meta-analyses evaluated the marginal adaptation and marginal discoloration in class II and V cavities, with a nonsignificant heterogeneity (I2 = 0%, p>0.05). The certainty of evidence was considered high, except for two subgroups of each outcome. Conclusion: There is evidence that composite restorations using conventional and bulk-fill resin composites present similar clinical performance related to marginal degradation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2022.055

Influence of Factors Affecting Quality of Life on in-Hospital Cardiovascular Events of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction with and without ST-segment Elevation
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Jesus, Monique Tavares de

; Costa, Ingrid Maria Novais Barros de Carvalho

; Silva, Danielle Góes da

; Silva, José Rodrigo Santos

; Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Soares

; Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antonio

; Oliveira, Joselina Luzia Meneses

; Buarque, Mirella Dornelas Batalha Moreira

; Andrade, Fabrício Anjos de

; Sousa, Antônio Carlos Sobral

International Journal of Cardiovascular Sciences

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nov 2021, Volume 34 N. 5 Pages 68 - 77

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Background Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), with and without ST-segment elevation (STEMI and NSTEMI, respectively), is the principal cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in Brazil and around the world. Modifiable risk factors (RF) and quality of life (QOL) may correlate with the type of AMI. Objective To evaluate the influence of QOL and RF on the type of AMI and in-hospital cardiovascular events in STEMI and NSTEMI patients. Methods This was an observational, cross-sectional study. Patients with AMI attending four referral hospitals (three private and one public) for cardiovascular disease treatment were assessed for QOL using the Brazilian version of the 36-item short form survey. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results We evaluated 480 volunteers; 51% were treated in one of the private hospitals. In total, 55.6% presented with STEMI, and 44.4% with NSTEMI. Patients from the public hospital were 8.56 times more likely to have STEMI compared to those from the private hospitals. There was a higher prevalence of smokers in STEMI (p < 0.028) patients. QOL was not associated with the type of AMI. A negative patient perception of the physical health and pain domains was observed. Although a significant difference between the physical and the mental health domains was not observed, individual domains were correlated with some in-hospital outcomes. Conclusion There was a higher prevalence of smokers among individuals with STEMI. Domains of QOL showed a statistically significant relationship with the occurrence of in-hospital cardiovascular events, with no difference between the types of AMI.

https://doi.org/10.36660/ijcs.20190185 45 downloads

Cannabinoids in Neurology - Position paper from Scientific Departments from Brazilian Academy of Neurology
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BRUCKI, Sonia Maria Dozzi

; ADONI, Tarso

; ALMEIDA, Carlos Mauricio Oliveira

; ANDRADE, Daniel Ciampi de

; ANGHINAH, Renato

; BARBOSA, Luciana Mendonça

; BAZAN, Rodrigo

; CARVALHO, Alzira Alves de Siqueira

; CARVALHO, William

; CHRISTO, Paulo Pereira

; COLETTA, Marcus Della

; CONFORTO, Adriana Bastos

; CORREA-NETO, Ylmar

; ENGELHARDT, Eliasz

; FRANÇA JUNIOR, Marcondes Cavalcante

; FRANCO, Clelia

; VON GLEHN, Felipe

; GOMES, Helio Rodrigues

; HOULY, Caroline Gomes de Barros

; KAUP, Alexandre Ottoni

; KOWACS, Fernando

; KANASHIRO, Aline

; LOPES, Victor Gonçalves

; MAIA, Débora

; MANREZA, Maria

; MARTINEZ, Alberto Rolim Muro

; MARTINEZ, Sandra Cristina Gonçalves

; NADER, Saulo Nardy

; NEVES, Luciana de Oliveira

; OKAMOTO, Ivan Hideyo

; OLIVEIRA, Rogério Adas Ayres de

; PEIXOTO, Fabiano de Melo

; PEREIRA, Cristiana Borges

; SABA, Roberta Arb

; SAMPAIO, Leticia Pereira de Brito

; SCHILLING, Lucas Porcello

; SILVA, Marcus Tulius Teixeira

; SILVA, Emanuelle Roberta

; SMID, Jerusa

; SOARES, Cristiane Nascimento

; SOBREIRA-NETO, Manoel

; SOUSA, Nise Alessandra de Carvalho

; SOUZA, Leonardo Cruz de

; TEIVE, Hélio Afonso Ghizoni

; TERRA, Vera Cristina

; VALE, Matheus

; VIEIRA, Vitor Mendes Grise

; ZANOTELI, Edmar

; PRADO, Gilmar

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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apr 2021, Volume 79 N. 4 Pages 354 - 369

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Os canabinoides compreendem os endocanabinoides, fitocanabinoides e os canabinoides sintéticos e desempenham ações no sistema nervoso central e periférico. Uma quantidade enorme de publicações tem sido lançada nos últimos anos, embora a cannabis seja conhecida por milênios. Os Departamentos Científicos da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia descreveram as evidências do uso médico em suas áreas. A literatura está em constantes mudanças e possíveis novas evidências podem surgir nos próximos dias ou meses. A prescrição dessas substâncias deve ser discutida com os pacientes e suas famílias, com conhecimento sobre eventos adversos e sua eficácia.

ABSTRACT Cannabinoids comprehend endocannabinoids, phytocannabinoids, and synthetic cannabinoids, with actions both in the central and peripherical nervous systems. A considerable amount of publications have been made in recent years, although cannabis has been known for over a thousand years. Scientific Departments from the Brazilian Academy of Neurology described evidence for medical use in their areas. Literature is constantly changing, and possible new evidence can emerge in the next days or months. Prescription of these substances must be discussed with patients and their families, with knowledge about adverse events and their efficacy.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0432 1049 downloads

Effect of ensiling time on apparent total tract starch digestibility in Southern Brazilian dairy herds
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Michelotti, Tainara Cristina de Abreu

; Silva, Ricardo Antonio da

; Carneiro, Jorge Henrique

; Navarro, Rodrigo Barros

; Carvalho, Igor Quirrenbach de

; Paula, Eduardo Marostegan de

; Ferraretto, Luiz Felipe

; Caetano, Mariana

; Lanna, Dante Pazzanese Duarte

; Almeida, Rodrigo de

Scientia Agricola

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2021, Volume 78 N. 2 elocation e20190096

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: Ensiling corn for longer periods is a strategy used to increase rumen bacteria access to starch. In fact, when corn is ensiled for insufficient periods, starch digestibility decreases, as evidenced by excreted starch. This study investigates the effects of corn silage ensiling time on starch digestibility of dairy cows through fecal starch analysis. The trial was conducted during the spring of 2013 and the fall of 2014 on twenty dairy herds located in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. Total mixed ration (TMR), whole-plant corn silage (WPCS) and fecal samples were collected for determination of dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), lignin and starch. Apparent total tract starch digestibility (ATTSD) was calculated using equations developed by Fredin et al. (2014) and Bal et al. (1997). Data were analyzed using the CORR, REG and GLM procedures of SAS. Spring and fall WPCS were ensiled for 260 and 132 days, respectively (p < 0.01). There was no difference (p > 0.05) in ATTSD-Fredin from season to season though there was a trend (p = 0.11) towards greater ATTSD-Bal for spring samples. ATTSD-Bal was positively correlated with ensiling days (r = 0.31). Starch digestibility was not negatively affected by WPCS harvesting maturity. Differences in post-ruminal starch digestion, variation between farms in DM intake and diets, limitations of the equations, influence of uncontrolled factors, and the small number of experimental units might have contributed to the absence of significant results. Overall, Bal et al. (1997) equation was more efficient in distinguishing ATTSD from different ensiling periods.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-992x-2019-0096 765 downloads

Prevalence of virological and serological markers of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population of Ribeirão Preto, Southeast Brazil: an epidemiological survey
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Martinez, Edson Zangiacomi

; Passos, Afonso Dinis Costa

; Fabbro, Amaury Lelis Dal

; Silva, Anderson Soares da

; Escarso, Andreia Cássia

; Pazin-Filho, Antônio

; Fonseca, Benedito Antônio Lopes da

; Maciel, Benedito Carlos

; Araújo, Daniel Cardoso de Almeida e

; Clé, Diego Villa

; Gaspar, Gilberto Gambero

; Santos, Jair Lício Ferreira dos

; Ferreira, Janise Braga Barros

; Souza, João Paulo

; Mello, Luane Marques de

; Santos, Luciane Loures dos

; Passos, Luzia Márcia Romanholi

; Siconelli, Márcio Junio Lima

; Cavalli, Ricardo de Carvalho

; Santana, Rodrigo de Carvalho

; Calado, Rodrigo do Tocantins

; Scarpelini, Sandro

; Bollela, Valdes Roberto

; Floriano, Vitor Gonçalves

; Bellissimo-Rodrigues, Fernando

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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2021, Volume 54 elocation e0210-2021

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract INTRODUCTION: This epidemiological household survey aimed to estimate the prevalence of the current and past SARS-CoV-2 infections in Ribeirão Preto, a municipality of southeast Brazil. METHODS: The survey was conducted in two phases using a clustered sampling scheme. The first phase spanned May 1-3 and involved 709 participants. The second phase spanned June 11-14, 2020, and involved 646 participants. RESULTS: During the first phase, RT-PCR performed on nasopharyngeal swabs was positive at 0.14%. The serological tests were positive in 1.27% of the patients during the first phase and 2.79% during the second phase. People living in households with more than five members had a prevalence of 10.83% (95%CI: 1.58-74.27) higher than those living alone or with someone other. Considering the proportion of the positive serological test results with sex and age adjustments, approximately 2.37% (95%CI: 1.32-3.42) of the population had been cumulatively infected by mid-June 2020, which is equivalent to 16,670 people (95%CI: 9,267-24,074). Considering that 68 deaths from the disease in the residents of the city had been confirmed as at the date of the second phase of the survey, the infection fatality rate was estimated to be 0.41% (95%CI: 0.28-0.73). Our results suggest that approximately 88% of the cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection at the time of the survey were not reported to the local epidemiological surveillance service. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provide in-depth knowledge of the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil and are helpful for the preventive and decision-making policies of public managers.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0210-2021 117 downloads

Management of acute stroke and urgent neurointerventional procedures during COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations on the Scientific Department on Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases and Brazilian Society of Neuroradiology
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MONT’ALVERNE, Francisco José Arruda

; LIMA, Fabrício Oliveira

; NOGUEIRA, Raul Gomes

; FREITAS, Carlos Clayton Macedo de

; NETO, Octávio Marques Pontes

; SILVA, Gisele Sampaio

; OLIVEIRA, Maura Salaroli de

; FRUDIT, Michel

; CALDAS, Jose Guilherme Mendes Pereira

; ABUD, Daniel Giansante

; CONFORTO, Adriana Bastos

; CARVALHO, Fernanda Martins Maia

; DIAS, Francisco Antunes

; BAZAN, Rodrigo

; AVELAR, Wagner Mauad

; MORO, Carla Heloísa Cabral

; MAGALHÃES, Pedro Silva Correa de

; MIRANDA, Maramelia

; BARBOSA, Leandro de Assis

; FIOROT JUNIOR, José Antonio

; CARDOSO, Fabrício Buchdid

; REBELLO, Leticia Costa

; PARENTE, Bruno de Sousa Mendes

; FARIA, Mário de Barros

; FREITAS, Gabriel Rodriguez de

; ZÉTOLA, Viviane de Hiroki Flumignan

; OLIVEIRA-FILHO, Jamary

; BEZERRA, Daniel da Cruz

; RODRIGUES, Jorge Luis Nobre

; KUSTER, Gustavo

; MARTINS, Sheila

; CARVALHO, João José Freitas de

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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jul 2020, Volume 78 N. 7 Pages 440 - 449

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: A pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) apresenta novos e importantes desafios à gestão de saúde no Brasil. Além da difícil missão de prestar atendimento aos milhares de pacientes infectados pelo COVID-19, os sistemas de saúde têm que manter a assistência às emergências médicas comuns em períodos sem pandemia, tais como o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC), que continuam ocorrendo e requerem tratamento com presteza e eficiência. A alocação de recursos materiais e humanos para o enfrentamento à pandemia não pode comprometer o atendimento ao AVC agudo, uma emergência cujo tratamento é tempo-dependente e se não realizado implica em importante impacto na mortalidade e incapacitação a longo prazo. Objetivo: Este trabalho resume as recomendações do Departamento Científico de Doenças Cerebrovasculares da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia, da Sociedade Brasileira de Doenças Cerebrovasculares e da Sociedade Brasileira de Neurorradiologia para o tratamento do AVC agudo e para a realização de procedimentos de neurointervenção urgentes durante a pandemia de COVID-19, incluindo o uso adequado de ferramentas de triagem e equipamentos de proteção pessoal (para pacientes e profissionais de saúde), além da alocação apropriada de pacientes.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Although the 2019 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) pandemic poses new challenges to the healthcare system to provide support for thousands of patients, there is special concern about common medical emergencies, such as stroke, that will continue to occur and will require adequate treatment. The allocation of both material and human resources to fight the pandemic cannot overshadow the care for acute stroke, a time-sensitive emergency that with an inefficient treatment will further increase mortality and long-term disability. Objective: This paper summarizes the recommendations from the Scientific Department on Cerebrovascular Diseases of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology, the Brazilian Society of Cerebrovascular Diseases and the Brazilian Society of Neuroradiology for management of acute stroke and urgent neuro-interventional procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic, including proper use of screening tools, personal protective equipment (for patients and health professionals), and patient allocation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200053 2310 downloads

10.

Insect (Hexapoda) diversity in the oceanic archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil: updated taxonomic checklist and new records
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Rafael, José Albertino

; Limeira-de-Oliveira, Francisco

; Hutchings, Roger William

; Miranda, Gil Felipe Gonçalves

; Silva Neto, Alberto Moreira da

; Somavilla, Alexandre

; Camargo, Alexssandro

; Asenjo, Angélico

; Pinto, Ângelo Parise

; Bello, Ayr de Moura

; Dalmorra, Camila

; Mello-Patiu, Cátia Antunes de

; Carvalho, Claudio José Barros de

; Takiya, Daniela Maeda

; Parizotto, Daniele Regina

; Marques, Dayse Willkenia Almeida

; Cavalheiro, Denis de Oliveira

; Mendes, Diego Matheus de Mello

; Zeppelini, Douglas

; Carneiro, Eduardo

; Lima, Élison Fabrício Bezerra

; Lima, Estevam Cipriano Araújo de

; Godoi, Fabio Siqueira Pitaluga de

; Pessoa, Felipe Arley Costa

; Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Zagury

; Sosa-Duque, Francisco José

; Flores, Heloísa Fernandes

; Fernandes, Itanna Oliveira

; Silva-Júnior, José Osvaldo

; Gomes, Lucas Roberto Pereira

; Monné, Marcela Laura

; Castro, Marcelo Cutrim Moreira de

; Silva, Marcelo Peixoto Gomes da

; Couri, Márcia Souto

; Gottschalk, Marco Silva

; Soares, Matheus Mickael Mota

; Monné, Miguel Angel

; Rafael, Miriam Silva

; Casagrande, Mirna Martins

; Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik

; Grossi, Paschoal Coelho

; Pinto, Paula Jéssica Costa

; Bartholomay, Pedro Reck

; Sobral, Rafael

; Heleodoro, Raphael Aquino

; Machado, Renato José Pires

; Corrêa, Robson Crepes

; Hutchings, Rosa Sá Gomes

; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly

; Santos, Sandra Duque dos

; Lima, Sheila Pereira de

; Mahlmann, Thiago

; Silva, Vera Cristina

; Fernandes, Daniell Rodrigo Rodrigues

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2020, Volume 64 N. 3 elocation e20200052

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Hexapods, commonly known as insects, are a neglected taxonomic group in the Fernando de Noronha archipelago, with unanswered questions about their species richness and the ecological processes in which they are involved (e.g., colonization, introduction, establishment, and extinction). Herein, we provide an updated Hexapod checklist with current nomenclatural combinations. The entomofauna of the Fernando de Noronha archipelago is currently composed of 453 species in 21 orders. The orders, and their respective number of species, are: Blattaria (9), Coleoptera (118), Collembola (29), Dermaptera (3), Diplura (1), Diptera (134), Embioptera (1), Hemiptera (29), Hymenoptera (59), Isoptera (2), Lepidoptera (25), Mantodea (1), Neuroptera (3), Odonata (5), Orthoptera (11), Phasmatodea (1), Phthiraptera (6), Psocoptera (3), Siphonaptera (1), Thysanoptera (10), and Zygentoma (2). The archipelago has 263 new taxon records (family + genera + species). Thirty-eight species (3.39%) were described from local specimens and most of them are likely endemic species. This study more than doubles our knowledge (from the previous 190 records) of the entomofauna in this large Brazilian archipelago. This study also provides a baseline for studies on its conservation status and for implementing future environmental management programs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0052 2462 downloads

11.

Snake venoms and purified toxins as biotechnological tools to control Ralstonia solanacearum
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Alves, Rita de Cássia

; Vieira Júnior, José Roberto

; Freire, Tamiris Chaves

; Fonseca, Aline Souza da

; Sangi, Simone Carvalho

; Barbieri, Fábio da Silva

; Rocha, Rodrigo Barros

; Brito, Luciana Gatto

; Pereira, Soraya dos Santos

; Luiz, Marcos Barros

; Freire, Francisco das Chagas Oliveira

; Fernandes, Carla Freire Celedonio

; Soares, Andreimar Martins

; Fernandes, Cléberson de Freitas

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira

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2020, Volume 55 elocation e01756

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a atividade antibacteriana in vitro de venenos e toxinas purificadas de serpentes sobre a bactéria fitopatogênica Ralstonia solanacearum. As avaliações foram realizadas em 17 venenos brutos (13 de Bothrops, 3 de Crotalus e 1 de Lachesis) e sete toxinas (1 de Bothrops e 6 de Crotalus). A atividade antibacteriana foi avaliada em meio MB1 que continha os tratamentos solubilizados (1 μL mL-1). Utilizou-se o total de 100 μL de suspensão bacteriana (8,4 x 109 UFC mL-1). Após incubação a 28°C, avaliou-se o número de colônias bacterianas às 24, 48 e 72 horas após a inoculação. O gel SDS-PAGE a 15% foi usado para analisar o perfil proteico das amostras, tendo-se utilizado 5 μg de proteína no ensaio. Além disso, os valores de concentração inibitória mínima (CIM) e concentração letal (CL50) foram determinados pelo método Probit. Os venenos e as toxinas foram capazes de reduzir mais de 90% do crescimento de R. solanacearum. Esses resultados foram ou equivalentes aos do controle positivo cloranfenicol ou até melhores. Enquanto os valores de CIM variaram de 4,0 a 271,5 μg mL-1, a CL50 variou de 28,5 μg mL-1 a 4,38 mg mL-1. Dez venenos brutos (7 de Bothrops e 3 de Crotalus) e duas toxinas (giroxina e crotamina) são abordagens promissoras para o controle da bactéria fitopatogênica R. solanacearum.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial activity of snake venoms and purified toxins on the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. The evaluations were performed with 17 crude venoms (13 from Bothrops, 3 from Crotalus, and 1 from Lachesis) and seven toxins (1 from Bothrops and 6 from Crotalus). Antibacterial activity was assessed in MB1 medium containing solubilized treatments (1 μL mL-1). A total of 100 μL bacterial suspension (8.4 x 109 CFU mL-1) was used. After incubation at 28°C, the number of bacterial colonies at 24, 48, and 72 hours after inoculation was evaluated. SDS-PAGE gel at 15% was used to analyze the protein patterns of the samples, using 5 μg protein of each sample in the assay. Furthermore, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and lethal concentration (LC50) values were determined by the Probit method. Venoms and toxins were able to reduce more than 90% of R. solanacearum growth. These results were either equivalent to those of the positive control chloramphenicol or even better. While MIC values ranged from 4.0 to 271.5 μg mL-1, LC50 ranged from 28.5 μg mL-1 to 4.38 mg mL-1. Ten crude venoms (7 from Bothrops and 3 from Crotalus) and two purified toxins (gyroxin and crotamine) are promising approaches to control the phytopathogenic bacterium R. solanacearum.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2020.v55.01756 478 downloads

12.

Spatio-temporal distribution of human American visceral leishmaniasis in the Western region of Sao Paulo State, from 2004 to 2018
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Rancan, Eduardo Alexandre

; Chagas, Eduardo Federighi Baisi

; Sperança, Márcia Aparecida

; Carvalho, Valeria Camargo de Lacerda

; Martins, Luciamáre Perinetti Alves

; Suzuki, Rodrigo Buzinaro

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo

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2020, Volume 62 elocation e80

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Leishmaniasis comprises a group of zoonotic diseases caused by protozoa belonging to the Leishmania genus, noting that the visceral form is the most severe and lethal, if untreated. Nowadays visceral leishmaniasis is widespread in Brazil and the Adamantina microregion, located in the west of Sao Paulo State, has been affected by Human American Visceral Leishmaniasis (HAVL) since 2004. We evaluated the epidemiological profile of HAVL in the Adamantina microregion through a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and established its incidence rate by location and time. Notified cases were provided by the Sao Paulo State Epidemiological Surveillance Center. Home addresses of patients who tested positive to HAVL were converted into geographic coordinates through the Google Geocoding Application Programming Interface submitted to ArcMap 10.5 System for georeferencing. Kernel spatial analyses were performed to obtain the incidence distribution and the total area involvement rate. From 2004 to 2018, 325 cases of HAVL were diagnosed in 11 of the 12 municipalities belonging to the of Adamantina microregion. The disease has disseminated to the Northwest and East-Southeast directions, taking place along the Comandante Joao Ribeiro de Barros highway, with higher incidences rates in the municipalities where the highway passes. HAVL incidence was higher in children aged between 0 to 9 years and in the elderly; there was no difference in relation to sex and the majority of cases were located in urban areas. The determination of the epidemiological profile and the the spread of disease patterns can indicate possible areas of vulnerability, in order to contribute to the management and prevention of the disease through a strategic resources optimization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-9946202062080 503 downloads

13.

Development, judgment of the validity and reliability of an instrument of assessment of Oral Health Literacy among diabetics
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MARTINS, Andréa Maria Eleutério de Barros Lima

; AMORIM, Mônica Maria Teixeira

; CARVALHO, Bianca Oliveira de

; PINTO, Rodrigo Alves

; FRÓES, Danielle Tayrine Celestina

; SANTOS, Aline Soares Figueiredo

RGO - Revista Gaúcha de Odontologia

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2020, Volume 68 elocation e20200039

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Conduzir a validação de conteúdo e a verificação da confiabilidade de um instrumento em forma de questionário, denominado “Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal entre diabéticos” que foi idealizado para investigar se houve acesso, compreensão, avaliação e aplicação de informações relacionados à saúde bucal entre diabéticos. Métodos Trata-se de uma pesquisa metodológica que foi realizada através da aplicação do Instrumento entre 109 participantes, uma vez que no mínimo 60 participantes devem ser considerados em estudos teste/reteste. A investigação respeitou os princípios éticos da pesquisa. A avaliação de conteúdo foi feita por cirurgiões-dentistas, que verificaram a relevância e a capacidade de mensuração dos níveis de alfabetização do Instrumento. A confiabilidade/reprodutibilidade foi estimada pelo teste/reteste em um intervalo de três a sete dias pelo Kappa, utilizando o SPSS®. Resultados A validade de conteúdo do Instrumento evidenciou capacidade do instrumento em mensurar os níveis de alfabetização em saúde bucal entre diabéticos. O Kappa variou de -0,09 a 1. Das 150 perguntas somente 16 não apresentaram níveis de concordância satisfatórios, ou seja, Kappa ? 0,60. Optou-se por condensar o Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal inicialmente com 150 perguntas, para uma versão com 30 perguntas. Conclusão do Alfabetização em Saúde Bucal entre diabéticos foi considerado válido quanto ao conteúdo e de forma geral a sua confiabilidade foi satisfatória. Recomenda-se o uso do Instrumento na academia e nos serviços de saúde visando melhorar a qualidade de vida dos diabéticos.

ABSTRACT Objective The study purposed to perform content validation and verification of the reliability of an instrument in the form of a questionnaire, called “ Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics “. It was designed to investigate whether there was access, understanding, appraise and practice of information related to oral health among diabetics. Methods This is a methodological research that was carried out through the application of the Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics between 109 diabetic patients, since at least 60 participants should be considered in studies using test/retest. The research complied with the ethical principles of research. The content validation was performed by dentists, acknowledging the relevance and the ability to measure the levels of literacy of each item of the Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics. The reliability/reproducibility was estimated by the test/retest in an interval of seven to fifteen days by Kappa, using the SPSS®. Results The results showed that the content of the Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics presented relevance and ability to measure the levels of literacy in oral health among diabetics. The results of the Kappa ranged from -0.09 to 1. Only 16 of the 150 questions did not have satisfactory levels of agreement, i.e., Kappa smaller or equal to 0.60. We chose to synthesize the Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics initially with 150 questions, for a version with 30 questions. Conclusion It is concluded that the Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics was considered valid with respect to the content and that a general form its reliability was satisfactory. It is recommended to use the Oral Health Literacy for Diabetics in academia and in health services aiming to improve the quality of life of diabetic patients.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-86372020000393588 501 downloads

14.

Readmission of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome and Determinants
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Oliveira, Larissa Marina Santana Mendonça de

; Costa, Ingrid Maria Novais Barros de Carvalho

; Silva, Danielle Góes da

; Silva, José Rodrigo Santos Santos

; Barreto-Filho, José Augusto Soares

; Almeida-Santos, Marcos Antônio

; Oliveira, Joselina Luzia Meneses

; Buarque, Mirella Dornelas Batalha Moreira

; Vieira, Diva Aliete dos Santos

; Sousa, Antônio Carlos Sobral

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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jul 2019, Volume 113 N. 1 Pages 42 - 49

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: A síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA) é responsável por elevados números de admissões e readmissões hospitalares, os quais estão associados ao aumento dos custos para o paciente e para o sistema de saúde, bem como à elevação nas taxas de mortalidade hospitalar. Objetivo: Investigar a reinternação entre pacientes com SCA e seus determinantes. Métodos: Trata-se de uma coorte retrospectiva de pacientes de ambos os sexos, adultos e idosos, diagnosticados com SCA. Foram avaliados, a partir dos registros dos hospitais locais públicos e privados de referência em cardiologia, a ocorrência de reinternação em até 1 ano após internação por SCA, o tempo entre as admissões e o uso de medicamentos no momento da reinternação. As variáveis categóricas foram associadas por meio do teste qui-quadrado, ou pelo teste exato de Fisher. Regressão logística múltipla foi utilizada para avaliar as variáveis preditoras da reinternação. Adotou-se como critério de significância estatística um valor de p < 0,05. Resultados: A ocorrência de reinternações foi de 21,46% (n = 115), e o período médio entre as internações foi de 122,74 (DP 112,14) dias. Os pacientes avaliados eram, em sua maioria, do sexo masculino (64,0%), com média de idade de 63,15 anos (DP 12,26). Sete por cento apresentaram óbito como prognóstico da reinternação, e 68,7% tiveram mais de uma reinternação em 1 ano. As causas cardiovasculares, entre elas a recorrência da SCA, foram as mais prevalentes entre as reinternações hospitalares. A assistência privada e o diagnóstico de insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (ICC) foram associados a reinternação após a regressão logística múltipla. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a SCA foi a principal causa de reinternação, sendo mais prevalente entre os usuários da rede suplementar de saúde. As reinternações associaram-se ao diagnóstico prévio de ICC e ao tipo de assitência à saúde.

Abstract Background: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is responsible for high rates of hospital admission and readmission, which are associated with increased costs for the patient and the health system, and increased in-hospital mortality rates. Objective: To evaluate readmission in patients with ACS and its determinants. Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of adult and elderly patients with ACS, readmitted to public and private referral cardiology hospitals within one year after the first hospitalization for ACS. The occurrence of readmissions, the time elapsed from the first to the second admission, and the use of medications at admission were collected from the medical records. Associations between categorical variables were evaluated by the chi-square test or the Fisher's exact test. Multiple logistic regression was used to evaluate predictors for readmissions. A p < 0.05 was set as statistically significant. Results: Readmission rate was 21.5% (n = 115) and mean time between admissions was 122.7 ± 112.1 days. The patients were mostly men (64.0%), mean age of 63.15 ± 12.3 years. Among readmitted patients, 7% had a prognosis of "death", and 68.7% were readmitted more than once within a one-year period. The main reasons of readmission were cardiovascular diseases including ACS. Private health care and the diagnosis of congestive heart failure were associated with multiple logistic regression. Conclusion: ACS was the main cause of readmission, with higher prevalence among users of supplemental health care. Readmissions were associated with previous diagnosis of congestive heart failure and the type of health care provided.

https://doi.org/10.5935/abc.20190104 1844 downloads

15.

Efetividade do processo de doação de órgãos para transplantes
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Gois, Renata Santos Silva

; Galdino, Maria José Quina

; Pissinati, Paloma de Souza Cavalcante

; Pimentel, Rafael Rodrigo da Silva

; Carvalho, Maria Dalva Barros de

; Haddad, Maria do Carmo Fernandez Lourenço

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem

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dec 2017, Volume 30 N. 6 Pages 621 - 627

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Objective: to verify the effectiveness of the organ donation process in the State of Paraná. Methods: Cross-sectional study carried out with data provided by the Department of Transplantation of the State of Paraná referred to the organ donation process, from 2011 to 2016. Of the 3,872 notifications of potential donors with brain death, 2,600 were included in this study since they were eligible organ donors. The outcome of the protocols and variables related to eligible donors, notifying centers and notifications were evaluated. Data were analyzed descriptively by absolute and relative frequencies, and odds ratio was calculated through the Wald Chi-square test, with p<0.05 considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of the 2,600 eligible donors, 1,267 (48.7%) became effective organ donors. The main obstacles of the process were cardiopulmonary arrest, sepsis and family refusal. The odds of donation were significantly higher in the individuals younger than 60 years old (p<0.001), male (p=0.001) and in the East and West Macro-regions of the State (p<0.001). The percentage of organ donations increased from 38.8% to 66.5% in the period studied. Conclusion: The state of Parana presented a significant increase in the number of notifications and organ donations in the last six years. The weaknesses identified in the process refer to clinical and cultural issues, which indicate the need for interventions to train health professionals in the identification and maintenance of the potential donor, as well as in raising awareness of the importance of the consent to donation.

Resumo Objetivo: Verificar a efetividade do processo de doação de órgãos para transplantes no Estado do Paraná. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado com dados disponibilizados pelo Sistema Estadual de Transplantes do Paraná referentes ao processo de doação de órgãos, no período de 2011 a 2016. Das 3.872 notificações de potenciais doadores em morte encefálica, 2.600 foram incluídas neste estudo por se constituírem em doadores elegíveis de órgãos. Avaliou-se os desfechos dos protocolos e variáveis relacionadas aos doadores elegíveis, aos centros notificantes e às notificações. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente por frequências absolutas e relativas, e calculou-se odds ratio verificando-se a associação pelo teste de Qui-Quadrado de Wald, em que considerou-se p<0,05 como significância estatística. Resultados: Entre os 2.600 doadores elegíveis, 1.267 (48,7%) tornaram-se doadores efetivos de órgãos. Como principais obstáculos do processo destacaram-se a parada cardiorrespiratória, a sepse e a recusa familiar. As chances de efetivação da doação foram significativamente maiores nos indivíduos com menos de 60 anos (p<0,001), do sexo masculino (p=0,001) e notificados pelas Macrorregionais Leste e Oeste do Estado (p<0,001). O percentual de doações de órgãos aumentou de 38,8% para 66,5% no período estudado. Conclusão: O Paraná apresentou crescimento expressivo no número de notificações e doações de órgãos nos últimos seis anos. As fragilidades identificadas no processo se referiram às questões clínicas e culturais, que indicam a necessidade de intervenções gerenciais de capacitação dos profissionais de saúde na identificação e manutenção do potencial doador, bem como na sensibilização da sociedade quanto a importância do consentimento à doação.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201700089 153 downloads

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