Abstract Free-floating thrombus of the internal carotid artery is infrequent (< 1% of strokes), although its diagnosis is straightforward, its treatment represents a challenge. Based mostly on case reports, standard treatment consists of therapeutic anticoagulation, while waiting for carotid endarterectomy. Both unfractioned heparin and Vitamin K antagonists have been reported as efficaceous; nevertheless, due to its rarity, clinical trials with novel oral anticoagulants are lacking. We report a patient with cardioembolic stroke and a free-floating carotid thrombus successfully treated with apixaban.

Resumen Los trombos libres flotantes de la arteria carótida interna son infrecuentes (menos del 1% de los ictus), y representan un desafío terapéutico. El tratamiento actual, basado en series de casos, consiste en anticoagulación terapéutica en espera de endarterectomía. Tanto la heparina no fraccionada, como los antagonistas de vitamina K, han sido reportados como eficaces. Sin embargo, dada la escasez de casos, no se dispone de ensayos clínicos con nuevos anticoagulantes orales. Reportamos el caso de un paciente con ictus cardioembólico y un trombo libre flotante de la carótida, tratado exitosamente con apixaban.

Abstract Sowing of non-conventional hybrids is a real possibility to increase maize grain yield in areas of medium productive potential from altitudes of 1 200 to 1 700 m of the Guerrero’s mountains and similar regions, where different ecological niches predominate, in which has been difficult to make specific improved material available to farmers. Therefore the INIFAP’s Maize Breeding Program based in Iguala, Guerrero, since 1985 has been working on the use of native populations of subtropical origin per se or in combination with improved maize and experimental lines till the generation of the new ‘HV-240’ varietal hybrid, obtained with native and improved germplasm so that it shows greater adaptation and better plant type than native maize, which is planted in 70% of the area cultivated with maize in the state of Guerrero. The ‘HV-240’ is characterized by a wide adaptation, a biological cycle of 125 days on average, with 64 days to male and female flowering, plant height of 250 to 270 cm, reason why it shows greater resistance to bending, and grain yield from 5 to 6.5 t ha-1.

Resumen La siembra de híbridos no convencionales es una posibilidad real para elevar el rendimiento de maíz en áreas de mediano potencial productivo en altitudes de 1 200 a 1 700 m de la montaña de Guerrero y regiones similares, donde predominan diferentes nichos ecológicos, en los cuales se ha dificultado poner a disposición de los agricultores materiales mejorados específicos. Por ello el Programa de Mejoramiento Genético de Maíz del INIFAP con sede en Iguala, Guerrero, desde 1985 ha venido trabajando en el aprovechamiento de poblaciones nativas de origen subtropical per se o en combinación con maíces mejorados y líneas experimentales, hasta generar el nuevo híbrido varietal ‘HV-240’, obtenido con germoplasma nativo y mejorado con mayor adaptación y mejor que el maíz nativo, que se siembra 70% de la superficie cultivada con maíz en el estado de Guerrero. El ‘HV-240’ se caracteriza por tener una adaptación amplia, un ciclo biológico de 125 días en promedio, con 64 días a floración masculina y femenina, altura de 250 a 270 cm, que presenta mayor resistencia al acame, y un rendimiento de grano de 5 a 6.5 t ha-1.

Previous studies have demonstrated that river-based surveys can provide an inexpensive source of information for neotropical zoologists, yet little information is available to inform the application of this technique for the long term monitoring of neotropical turtle species. We aimed to fill this gap by presenting an assessment of data collected during 333 river surveys over 50 months along rivers in a newly protected area in the Peruvian Amazon. A total of 14,138 basking Podocnemis unifilis Troschel, 1848 were recorded during 13,510 km of river-based surveys. We used generalized additive models (GAMs) to explore the influence of a series of abiotic and seasonal variables on the recorded abundances at two temporal scales: monthly and per trip. Our analysis revealed that there was a significant increase in turtle abundances during the study period and we also found a significant seasonal periodicity in monthly abundances. Abiotic factors strongly influenced trip level abundances, with more individuals per kilometer recorded during sunny days in the dry season, with temperatures between 25 and 30°C. The results demonstrate that turtle populations are increasing following the establishment of the protected area and that river-based surveys are likely to be more effective when carried out within a limited set of key abiotic conditions.