Abstract This study presents a 47-year-old female patient, with a history of diabetes, who contracted SARS-CoV-2 and exhibited cardiovascular complications.

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to analyse patterns of spatial dispersal in Ceratitis capitata using two types of attractive traps and propose a predictive model of pest dispersal with the aim of determining management zones for decision-making. The experiment was conducted in an orchard of the ‘Palmer’ mango in the district of Belo Campo, Bahia. Sampling was carried out using McPhail and Jackson traps. The pattern of spatial dispersal in C. capitata was determined using the Perry and Mead Index of Dispersion, the Morisita Index, and the Local Moran index (LISA). The spatial variability of the abundance of C. capitata was obtained by geostatistical analysis, with the indicator kriging method used to prepare the location and spatial distribution maps. The Perry and Mead Index of Dispersion and the Morisita Index showed an aggregated pattern of spatial dispersal, whereas the Moran Local index showed a random pattern from 7 DFSH (days from the start of the harvest) to 35 DFSH, and an aggregated pattern at 42 DFSH. The SDI was strong at 7 and 35 DFSH and moderate at 14, 28 and 42 DFSH. The dispersal patterns of C. capitata allow an exponential predictive model to be produced, outlining strategies for exponential management zones of C. capitata, and detecting which places have the highest risk of the pest occurring.

Resumen El presente estudio trata de un análisis estadístico del proceso productivo en una organización del sector alimentario, específicamente, en la rama de raíces. Además, este estudio se caracteriza por la utilización de un análisis híbrido con la fusión de aspectos cualitativos y cuantitativos con el fin de mejorar la generación de conocimiento, así como facilitar la interpretación de los resultados obtenidos. Como metodología de trabajo se desarrolló el cuadro de control por variable a partir de datos recolectados durante las visitas a la organización. El estudio también realiza una aproximación a los índices de capacidad desde la perspectiva del proceso de empaque de la yuca así como un análisis del porcentaje de partidas fuera de las especificaciones. Cabe mencionar el uso del diagrama de Ishikawa para identificar las causas raíz de la variabilidad del proceso, además de proponer medidas correctivas para dichas causas. Finalmente, de acuerdo a los análisis realizados, la organización en mención presentó un proceso de empaque de productos eficiente y de calidad, ya que todas las muestras se encontraban dentro de los límites de control establecidos estadísticamente y el porcentaje de artículos fuera de las especificaciones se mostró reducido, es decir solo un 3% aproximadamente.

Abstract The present study deals with a statistical analysis of the production process in an organization in the food sector, specifically, in the branch of roots. In addition, this study is characterized by the use of a hybrid analysis with the fusion of qualitative and quantitative aspects in order to improve the generation of knowledge as well as to facilitate the interpretation of the results obtained. As a work methodology, the control chart by variable was developed from data collected during visits to the organization. The study also carries out an approach on the capacity indexes from the perspective of the cassava packaging process as well as an analysis of the percentage of items outside the specifications. It is worth mentioning the use of the Ishikawa diagram to identify root causes of process variability, in addition to proposing corrective measures for such causes. Finally, according to the analyzes carried out, the organization in question presented an efficient and quality product packaging process, since all samples were within the control limits established statistically and the percentage of items outside the specifications was showed reduced, meaning only approximately 3%.

Abstract Background High dietary sodium intake can induce endothelial stiffness even without changes in blood pressure. Objectives To evaluate the effects of exercise training and chronic intake of sodium chloride solution on aortic morphology of male offspring of rat dams who consumed flaxseed during lactation. Methods Female rats were fed with a control diet or a flaxseed diet during lactation. At weaning, two male offspring of each rat dam were allocated into eight groups for 180 days: four groups received a control diet e four received a flaxseed diet, with /without exercise and with/without NaCl solution supply. Aorta was collected for histomorphometric analysis. The one-way analysis of variance was used and P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The chronic use of 1% NaCl solution led to changes in aortic histoarchitecture in the control group: increase in aortic intima-media thickness (10,4%, p<0.0001) and reduced number of elastic lamellae (-8,1%, p<0.0001). Groups of offspring of mother that consumed flaxseed during lactation, the chronic use of 1% NaCl alone did not lead to an increase in the aortic intima-media thickness. Exercise training of adult offspring increased aortic intima-media thickness (13.3%, p<0.0001), with preservation of elastic components and aortic flexibility. Conclusion Chronic salt overload caused adverse effects on the aorta of rats, and maternal consumption of the flaxseed diet during lactation protected against aortic remodeling. Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0

Abstract Background: The resistance against antimalarial drugs represents a global challenge in the fight and control of malaria. The Brazilian biodiversity can be an important tool for research and development of new medicinal products. In this context, toxinology is a multidisciplinary approach on the development of new drugs, including the isolation, purification, and evaluation of the pharmacological activities of natural toxins. The present study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, as well as the antimalarial activity in silico and in vitro of four compounds isolated from Rhinella marina venom as potential oral drug prototypes. Methods: Four compounds were challenged against 35 target proteins from P. falciparum and screened to evaluate their physicochemical properties using docking assay in Brazilian Malaria Molecular Targets (BraMMT) software and in silico assay in OCTOPUS® software. The in vitro antimalarial activity of the compounds against the 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum clones were assessed using the SYBR Green I based assay (IC50). For the cytotoxic tests, the LD50 was determined in human pulmonary fibroblast cell line using the [3(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] (MTT) assay. Results: All compounds presented a ligand-receptor interaction with ten Plasmodium falciparum-related protein targets, as well as antimalarial activity against chloroquine resistant strain (IC50 = 3.44 μM to 19.11 μM). Three of them (dehydrobufotenine, marinobufagin, and bufalin) showed adequate conditions for oral drug prototypes, with satisfactory prediction of absorption, permeability, and absence of toxicity. In the cell viability assay, only dehydrobufotenin was selective for the parasite. Conclusions: Dehydrobufotenin revealed to be a potential oral drug prototype presenting adequate antimalarial activity and absence of cytotoxicity, therefore should be subjected to further studies.

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of green tea extract (GTE) on the spermatic parameters of Wistar rats, submitted or not to testicular heat shock (HS). For this, 48 animals were treated according to the experimental groups (G1: not exposed to HS and untreated; G2: exposed to HS and untreated; G3: not exposed to HS and treated with GTE; G4: exposed to HS and treated with GTE). Subgroups of rats were euthanized on days 15, 30, and 60 to recover the spermatozoa. The total motility (TM), vigor, spermatic morphology and concentration, mitochondrial membrane potential, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity (ACi) were analyzed. The TM was higher in G1 and G3 than in G2 and G4 on day 30, and higher in G4 on day 60. The overall means of TM and vigor were higher in G1 and G3 than in G2 and G4, as well as TM on day 60. For the morphology, G2 and G4 were lower than G1 and G3 on day 15, and G4 was lower than G1 and G3 on day 30. Moreover, in G1 and G3 morphology was higher on days 15 and 30, and in G4 it was lower on day 30, with the overall means being higher in G1 and G3 than in G2 and G4, as well as on days 15 and 60 compared to day 30. The overall mean of ACi, on day 30, was lower than on days 15 and 60 for all the groups. Therefore, HS is shown to be widely deleterious to the gametes, and the daily administration of 100 mg/kg green tea extract does not improve the spermatic parameters of Wistar rats, submitted or not to testicular HS, although it leads to better recovery of spermatic motility and morphology at 60 days.

Resumo Introdução Um dos métodos mais usados para dentes pigmentados é o clareamento dental. Entretanto, alterações subclínicas podem ocorrer na micromorfologia dos dentes durante procedimentos de clareamento, como aumentos na porosidade e rugosidade superficial. Consequentemente, o esmalte dental pode se tornar mais permeável e suscetível a manchas. Objetivo Avaliar a influência do polimento dentário após o clareamento em consultório na estabilidade da cor. Material e método Trinta e três molares humanos extraídos foram utilizados. Os dentes foram cortados na direção mesiodistal para obter duas amostras por dente (total de 66). As amostras foram divididas aleatoriamente em seis grupos (n = 11). Antes e após o tratamento clareador, a luminosidade das amostras e a alteração da luminosidade (∆L) foram determinadas com um espectrofotômetro digital (Easy Shade). As amostras foram clareadas com peróxido de hidrogênio 35% (três sessões com intervalos de 7 dias). Três grupos foram submetidos a polimento com discos de feltro e pasta de polimento após cada sessão. Para simular as condições orais durante o consumo de bebidas pigmentadas, as amostras foram submetidas a ciclos alternados de imersão em soluções (café, vinho tinto e Coca Cola). Resultado O polimento resultou em um aumento da luminosidade média de 4,49 no grupo vinho tinto, 2,73 no grupo café e 4,08 no grupo cola. A diferença foi significativa no grupo vinho tinto (p <0,022), mas não no grupo café ou cola. Conclusão O polimento após clareamento em consultório usando discos de feltro e pasta polidora pode reduzir o grau de impregnação em pacientes com dieta rica em vinho tinto.

Abstract Introduction One of the most commonly used corrective methods for staining teeth is tooth bleaching. However, subclinical alterations may occur in the micromorphology of dental tissues during the bleaching procedure, such as increases in porosity and surface roughness. Consequently, dental enamel may become more permeable and susceptible to staining. Objective To evaluate the influence of tooth polishing after in-office bleaching treatment on color stability. Material and method Thirty-three extracted human molars were used. The teeth were cut in the mesiodistal direction to obtain two samples per tooth (total of 66). The samples were randomly divided into six groups (n=11). Before and after the bleaching treatment, the lightness of the samples and change in lightness (∆L) were determined with a digital spectrophotometer (Easy Shade). The samples were bleached with 35% hydrogen peroxide (three sessions weekly). Three groups were submitted to polishing with felt discs and polishing paste after each session. To simulate the oral conditions during the consumption of colored beverages, the samples were submitted to alternating cycles of immersion in staining solutions (coffee, red wine, and Coca Cola). Result Polishing resulted in an increase of mean lightness of 4.49 in the red wine group, 2.73 in the coffee group, and 4.08 in the cola group. The difference was significant in the red wine group (p<0.022), but not in the coffee or cola group. Conclusion Polishing after in-office bleaching using felt discs and polishing paste can reduce the degree of pigment impregnation in patient with red wine rich diet.

Objective to understand the everyday life lived by the Nursing team in the correctional system. Method qualitative research conducted with four nurses and two Nursing technicians from a Prison Resettlement Center, in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected through an interview between June and July 2018, and analyzed based on the framework of Minayo. Results four thematic categories emerged: “perception of Nursing care with the person deprived of freedom”; “difficulties to provide assistance in prison”; “feeling of invisibility of Nursing care in the prison system”; and “ambiguity of feelings of the health care in the prison system”. Conclusion the prison environment does not encourage concrete actions for health promotion and disease prevention. Coping strategies would come with permanent education, clinical and administrative meetings, in addition to the construction of protocols and guidelines that systematize and support the practices.

Objetivo comprender la vida cotidiana vivida por el equipo de Enfermería en el sistema de justicia penal. Método Investigación cualitativa realizada con cuatro enfermeros y dos técnicos de Enfermería de un Centro de Reasentamiento de Prisiones, en Minas Gerais, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de una entrevista entre junio y julio de 2018, y analizados con base en el referencial de Minayo. Resultados cuatro categorías temáticas surgieron: “la percepción de la atención de Enfermería a la persona privada de libertad”; “las dificultades para prestar asistencia en la prision”; “la sensación de invisibilidad de los cuidados de Enfermería en el sistema penitenciario”; y “la ambigüedad de los sentimientos en el cuidado de salud en el sistema penitenciario”. Conclusión el ambiente carcelario no fomenta acciones concretas para la promoción de la salud y prevención de enfermedades. El enfrentamiento vendría con la educación permanente, reuniones clínicas y administrativas, además de la construcción de pautas y protocolos para sistematizar y sostener las prácticas.

Objetivo compreender o cotidiano vivido pela equipe de Enfermagem no sistema penal. Método pesquisa qualitativa realizada com quatro enfermeiros e dois técnicos de Enfermagem de um Centro de Remanejamento Prisional, em Minas Gerais, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista entre junho e julho de 2018, e analisados com base no referencial de Minayo. Resultados emergiram quatro categorias temáticas: “percepção do cuidado de Enfermagem à pessoa privada de liberdade”; “dificuldades para prestar assistência no presídio”; “sensação de invisibilidade do cuidado de Enfermagem no sistema prisional”; e “ambiguidade de sentimentos ao cuidar da saúde no sistema prisional.” Conclusão o ambiente prisional não favorece ações concretas de promoção da saúde e prevenção de agravos. O enfrentamento viria com educação permanente, reuniões clínico-administrativas, além da construção de protocolos e diretrizes que sistematizem e sustentem as práticas.

Abstract: INTRODUCTION This study aimed to confirm the occurrence of Panstrongylus rufotuberculatus in the state of Acre, Brazil. METHODS The four specimens of P. rufotuberculatus were obtained from the entomological collection of the Zoobotanical Park of the Federal University of Acre (UFAC). RESULTS Confirmation of the occurrence of this species in the state of Acre increases the number of species already registered, from nine to ten. CONCLUSIONS The necessity to develop further studies was verified, especially with the domiciliary process of P. rufotuberculatus, resulting in tracing prophylactic measures against the vector transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi.

Neste trabalho foi desenvolvida uma nova metodologia de reciclagem química do poli(tereftalato de etileno) grau garrafa pós-consumo, PETpc, através da reação de despolimerização em meio alcalino (solução de hidróxido de sódio, NaOH, de 7,5 mol L-1 a 100 ºC) e como catalisador o tensoativo catiônico brometo de hexadeciltrimetrilamônio, CTAB (1 × 10-2 mol L-1). A presença de CTAB aumentou o rendimento da reação em cerca de 85% e reduziu o tempo reacional de 6 para 2 h, quando utilizado em mistura NaOH/CTAB na proporção de 4:1 (% v/v) com 2 g de PETpc. O produto final, o monômero ácido tereftálico, TPA, foi caracterizado por análise termogravimétrica, calorimetria diferencial varredura, espectroscopia na região do infravermelho com transformada de Fourier e espectrometria de massas. Os resultados foram comparados com os da matéria-prima, PETpc. Além disso, o catalisador CTAB permaneceu no meio reacional (fase aquosa), sem interferir no processo de purificação do TPA.

In this work, a new analytical methodology has been developed for the chemical recycling of post-consumption bottle-grade poly(ethylene terephthalate), PETpc through depolymerization reaction in alkaline solution (NaOH solution of 7.5 mol L-1 at 100 ºC), using the surfactant cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB, 1 × 10-2 mol L-1) as catalyst. The presence of CTAB increased the reaction performance by ca. 85%, while the reaction time was decreased from 6 to 2 h when the mixture NaOH/CTAB was used in a proportion of 4:1 (% v/v) with 2 g of PETpc. The final product, the monomer terephthalic acid (TPA), was characterized by thermogravimetry analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The results were compared with those for the raw material, PETpc. Furthermore, the catalyst CTAB remained in the alkaline environment (aqueous phase), without interfering with the TPA purification process.

O presente artigo resulta de uma pesquisa realizada durante 2004, em um bairro popular de Salvador, com o objetivo de compreender os processos de significação da morte, apresentados por um grupo de crianças pré-escolares, que se encontravam em uma situação de vulnerabilidade social. O intuito primordial não foi descrever tais significados, mas compreender como o contexto vivenciado, intermediado pelas relações com pais e outros educadores, promoviam o surgimento de determinadas falas e comportamentos por parte das crianças. No contexto investigado, as crianças se encontravam expostas a mortes decorrentes de conflitos relacionados ao tráfico de drogas. Para atingir tal objetivo, foi desenvolvido um estudo exploratório, em uma creche, na qual entrevistamos doze crianças, nove dos seus responsáveis e quatro educadores. Os instrumentos foram adequados de acordo com cada um dos grupos. Como resultado do estudo, observamos que, apesar das crianças conviverem com situações de violência e morte, os pais encontram grandes dificuldades em abordarem o tema com as mesmas que não obstante trazem, principalmente para a escola, através da fala e das brincadeiras, as experiências vividas em sua comunidade.

This paper is the result of a research carried out in 2004, in a poor area of the city of Salvador. The objective was to understand the process of the meaning of death to a group of socially vulnerable preschool children. The study focused on the children's social network of parents and other educators in order to understand how these relationships gave a social basis to the construction of death meanings. In the social context of investigation, the children were frequently exposed to deaths caused by drug related conflicts. The research was carried out as an exploratory study, in a day care center with twelve children, nine of their caretakers and four teachers. The instruments were adapted to each group. As a result of this study, we observed that the parents had a hard time approaching the subject of violence and death with the children, although they lived in a context of violence and death. Nevertheless, these children would bring to school, through play and talk, their experiences of violence and death in their community.