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Práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras: uma análise secundária do estudo Fluid-TRIPS
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Freitas, Flavio Geraldo Rezende de
; Hammond, Naomi
; Li, Yang
; Azevedo, Luciano Cesar Pontes de
; Cavalcanti, Alexandre Biasi
; Taniguchi, Leandro
; Gobatto, André
; Japiassú, André Miguel
; Bafi, Antonio Tonete
; Mazza, Bruno Franco
; Noritomi, Danilo Teixeira
; Dal-Pizzol, Felipe
; Bozza, Fernando
; Salluh, Jorge Ibrahin Figueira
; Westphal, Glauco Adrieno
; Soares, Márcio
; Assunção, Murillo Santucci César de
; Lisboa, Thiago
; Lobo, Suzana Margarete Ajeje
; Barbosa, Achilles Rohlfs
; Ventura, Adriana Fonseca
; Souza, Ailson Faria de
; Silva, Alexandre Francisco
; Toledo, Alexandre
; Reis, Aline
; Cembranel, Allan
; Rea Neto, Alvaro
; Gut, Ana Lúcia
; Justo, Ana Patricia Pierre
; Santos, Ana Paula
; Albuquerque, André Campos D. de
; Scazufka, André
; Rodrigues, Antonio Babo
; Fernandino, Bruno Bonaccorsi
; Silva, Bruno Goncalves
; Vidal, Bruno Sarno
; Pinheiro, Bruno Valle
; Pinto, Bruno Vilela Costa
; Feijo, Carlos Augusto Ramos
; Abreu Filho, Carlos de
; Bosso, Carlos Eduardo da Costa Nunes
; Moreira, Carlos Eduardo Nassif
; Ramos, Carlos Henrique Ferreira
; Tavares, Carmen
; Arantes, Cidamaiá
; Grion, Cintia
; Mendes, Ciro Leite
; Kmohan, Claudio
; Piras, Claudio
; Castro, Cristine Pilati Pileggi
; Lins, Cyntia
; Beraldo, Daniel
; Fontes, Daniel
; Boni, Daniela
; Castiglioni, Débora
; Paisani, Denise de Moraes
; Pedroso, Durval Ferreira Fonseca
; Mattos, Ederson Roberto
; Brito Sobrinho, Edgar de
; Troncoso, Edgar M. V.
; Rodrigues Filho, Edison Moraes
; Nogueira, Eduardo Enrico Ferrari
; Ferreira, Eduardo Leme
; Pacheco, Eduardo Souza
; Jodar, Euzebio
; Ferreira, Evandro L. A.
; Araujo, Fabiana Fernandes de
; Trevisol, Fabiana Schuelter
; Amorim, Fábio Ferreira
; Giannini, Fabio Poianas
; Santos, Fabrício Primitivo Matos
; Buarque, Fátima
; Lima, Felipe Gallego
; Costa, Fernando Antonio Alvares da
; Sad, Fernando Cesar dos Anjos
; Aranha, Fernando G.
; Ganem, Fernando
; Callil, Flavio
; Costa Filho, Francisco Flávio
; Dall´Arto, Frederico Toledo Campo
; Moreno, Geovani
; Friedman, Gilberto
; Moralez, Giulliana Martines
; Silva, Guilherme Abdalla da
; Costa, Guilherme
; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Silva
; Cavalcanti, Guilherme Silva
; Betônico, Gustavo Navarro
; Betônico, Gustavo Navarro
; Reis, Hélder
; Araujo, Helia Beatriz N.
; Hortiz Júnior, Helio Anjos
; Guimaraes, Helio Penna
; Urbano, Hugo
; Maia, Israel
; Santiago Filho, Ivan Lopes
; Farhat Júnior, Jamil
; Alvarez, Janu Rangel
; Passos, Joel Tavares
; Paranhos, Jorge Eduardo da Rocha
; Marques, José Aurelio
; Moreira Filho, José Gonçalves
; Andrade, Jose Neto
; Sobrinho, José Onofre de C
; Bezerra, Jose Terceiro de Paiva
; Alves, Juliana Apolônio
; Ferreira, Juliana
; Gomes, Jussara
; Sato, Karina Midori
; Gerent, Karine
; Teixeira, Kathia Margarida Costa
; Conde, Katia Aparecida Pessoa
; Martins, Laércia Ferreira
; Figueirêdo, Lanese
; Rezegue, Leila
; Tcherniacovsk, Leonardo
; Ferraz, Leone Oliveira
; Cavalcante, Liane
; Rabelo, Ligia
; Miilher, Lilian
; Garcia, Lisiane
; Tannous, Luana
; Hajjar, Ludhmila Abrahão
; Paciência, Luís Eduardo Miranda
; Cruz Neto, Luiz Monteiro da
; Bley, Macia Valeria
; Sousa, Marcelo Ferreira
; Puga, Marcelo Lourencini
; Romano, Marcelo Luz Pereira
; Nobrega, Marciano
; Arbex, Marcio
; Rodrigues, Márcio Leite
; Guerreiro, Márcio Osório
; Rocha, Marcone
; Alves, Maria Angela Pangoni
; Alves, Maria Angela Pangoni
; Rosa, Maria Doroti
; Dias, Mariza D’Agostino
; Martins, Miquéias
; Oliveira, Mirella de
; Moretti, Miriane Melo Silveira
; Matsui, Mirna
; Messender, Octavio
; Santarém, Orlando Luís de Andrade
; Silveira, Patricio Júnior Henrique da
; Vassallo, Paula Frizera
; Antoniazzi, Paulo
; Gottardo, Paulo César
; Correia, Paulo
; Ferreira, Paulo
; Torres, Paulo
; Silva, Pedro Gabrile M. de Barros e
; Foernges, Rafael
; Gomes, Rafael
; Moraes, Rafael
; Nonato filho, Raimundo
; Borba, Renato Luis
; Gomes, Renato V
; Cordioli, Ricardo
; Lima, Ricardo
; López, Ricardo Pérez
; Gargioni, Ricardo Rath de Oliveira
; Rosenblat, Richard
; Souza, Roberta Machado de
; Almeida, Roberto
; Narciso, Roberto Camargo
; Marco, Roberto
; waltrick, Roberto
; Biondi, Rodrigo
; Figueiredo, Rodrigo
; Dutra, Rodrigo Santana
; Batista, Roseane
; Felipe, Rouge
; Franco, Rubens Sergio da Silva
; Houly, Sandra
; Faria, Sara Socorro
; Pinto, Sergio Felix
; Luzzi, Sergio
; Sant’ana, Sergio
; Fernandes, Sergio Sonego
; Yamada, Sérgio
; Zajac, Sérgio
; Vaz, Sidiner Mesquita
; Bezerra, Silvia Aparecida Bezerra
; Farhat, Tatiana Bueno Tardivo
; Santos, Thiago Martins
; Smith, Tiago
; Silva, Ulysses V. A.
; Damasceno, Valnei Bento
; Nobre, Vandack
; Dantas, Vicente Cés de Souza
; Irineu, Vivian Menezes
; Bogado, Viviane
; Nedel, Wagner
; Campos Filho, Walther
; Dantas, Weidson
; Viana, William
; Oliveira Filho, Wilson de
; Delgadinho, Wilson Martins
; Finfer, Simon
; Machado, Flavia Ribeiro
.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever as práticas de ressuscitação volêmica em unidades de terapia intensiva brasileiras e compará-las com as de outros países participantes do estudo Fluid-TRIPS. Métodos: Este foi um estudo observacional transversal, prospectivo e internacional, de uma amostra de conveniência de unidades de terapia intensiva de 27 países (inclusive o Brasil), com utilização da base de dados Fluid-TRIPS compilada em 2014. Descrevemos os padrões de ressuscitação volêmica utilizados no Brasil em comparação com os de outros países e identificamos os fatores associados com a escolha dos fluidos. Resultados: No dia do estudo, foram incluídos 3.214 pacientes do Brasil e 3.493 pacientes de outros países, dos quais, respectivamente, 16,1% e 26,8% (p < 0,001) receberam fluidos. A principal indicação para ressuscitação volêmica foi comprometimento da perfusão e/ou baixo débito cardíaco (Brasil 71,7% versus outros países 56,4%; p < 0,001). No Brasil, a percentagem de pacientes que receberam soluções cristaloides foi mais elevada (97,7% versus 76,8%; p < 0,001), e solução de cloreto de sódio a 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais comumente utilizado (62,5% versus 27,1%; p < 0,001). A análise multivariada sugeriu que os níveis de albumina se associaram com o uso tanto de cristaloides quanto de coloides, enquanto o tipo de prescritor dos fluidos se associou apenas com o uso de cristaloides. Conclusão: Nossos resultados sugerem que cristaloides são usados mais frequentemente do que coloides para ressuscitação no Brasil, e essa discrepância, em termos de frequências, é mais elevada do que em outros países. A solução de cloreto de sódio 0,9% foi o cristaloide mais frequentemente prescrito. Os níveis de albumina sérica e o tipo de prescritor de fluidos foram os fatores associados com a escolha de cristaloides ou coloides para a prescrição de fluidos.
Abstract Objective: To describe fluid resuscitation practices in Brazilian intensive care units and to compare them with those of other countries participating in the Fluid-TRIPS. Methods: This was a prospective, international, cross-sectional, observational study in a convenience sample of intensive care units in 27 countries (including Brazil) using the Fluid-TRIPS database compiled in 2014. We described the patterns of fluid resuscitation use in Brazil compared with those in other countries and identified the factors associated with fluid choice. Results: On the study day, 3,214 patients in Brazil and 3,493 patients in other countries were included, of whom 16.1% and 26.8% (p < 0.001) received fluids, respectively. The main indication for fluid resuscitation was impaired perfusion and/or low cardiac output (Brazil: 71.7% versus other countries: 56.4%, p < 0.001). In Brazil, the percentage of patients receiving crystalloid solutions was higher (97.7% versus 76.8%, p < 0.001), and 0.9% sodium chloride was the most commonly used crystalloid (62.5% versus 27.1%, p < 0.001). The multivariable analysis suggested that the albumin levels were associated with the use of both crystalloids and colloids, whereas the type of fluid prescriber was associated with crystalloid use only. Conclusion: Our results suggest that crystalloids are more frequently used than colloids for fluid resuscitation in Brazil, and this discrepancy in frequencies is higher than that in other countries. Sodium chloride (0.9%) was the crystalloid most commonly prescribed. Serum albumin levels and the type of fluid prescriber were the factors associated with the choice of crystalloids or colloids for fluid resuscitation.
https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-507x.20210028
273 downloads
2.
Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the diagnosis and treatment of chikungunya fever. Part 2 - Treatment
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Marques, Claudia Diniz Lopes
; Duarte, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto
; Ranzolin, Aline
; Dantas, Andrea Tavares
; Cavalcanti, Nara Gualberto
; Gonçalves, Rafaela Silva Guimarães
; Rocha Junior, Laurindo Ferreira da
; Valadares, Lilian David de Azevedo
; Melo, Ana Karla Guedes de
; Freire, Eutilia Andrade Medeiros
; Teixeira, Roberto
; Neto, Francisco Alves Bezerra
; Medeiros, Marta Maria das Chagas
; Carvalho, Jozélio Freire de
; Santos, Mario Sergio F.
; Océa, Regina Adalva de L. Couto
; Levy, Roger A.
; Andrade, Carlos Augusto Ferreira de
; Pinheiro, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar
; Abreu, Mirhelen Mendes
; Verztman, José Fernando
; Merenlender, Selma
; Ribeiro, Sandra Lucia Euzebio
; Costa, Izaias Pereira da
; Pileggi, Gecilmara
; Trevisani, Virginia Fernandes Moça
; Lopes, Max Igor Banks
; Brito, Carlos
; Figueiredo, Eduardo
; Queiroga, Fabio
; Feitosa, Tiago
; Tenório, Angélica da Silva
; Siqueira, Gisela Rocha de
; Paiva, Renata
; Vasconcelos, José Tupinambá Sousa
; Christopoulos, Georges
.
Resumo A febre chikungunya tem se tornado um importante problema de saúde pública nos países onde ocorrem as epidemias, visto que metade dos casos evolui com artrite crônica, persistente e incapacitante. Os dados na literatura sobre terapêuticas específicas nas diversas fases da artropatia ocasionada pela infecção pelo vírus chikungunya (CHIKV) são limitados, não existem estudos randomizados de qualidade que avaliem a eficácia das diferentes terapias. Há algumas poucas publicações sobre o tratamento das manifestações musculoesqueléticas da febre chikungunya, porém com importantes limitações metodológicas. Os dados atualmente disponíveis não permitem conclusões favoráveis ou contrárias a terapêuticas específicas, bem como uma adequada avaliação quanto à superioridade entre as diferentes medicações empregadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar recomendações para o tratamento da febre chikungunya no Brasil. Foi feita uma revisão da literatura com seleção de artigos baseados em evidência, nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO, PubMed e Embase e de resumos de anais de congressos, além da opinião dos especialistas para dar apoio às decisões tomadas para definir as recomendações. Para a definição do grau de concordância foi feita uma metodologia Delphi, em duas reuniões presenciais e várias rodadas de votação on line. Este artigo refere-se à parte 2 das Recomendações da Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia para Diagnóstico e Tratamento da Febre Chikungunya, que trata especificamente do tratamento.
Abstract Chikungunya fever has become an important public health problem in countries where epidemics occur because half of the cases progress to chronic, persistent and debilitating arthritis. Literature data on specific therapies at the various phases of arthropathy caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infection are limited, lacking quality randomized trials assessing the efficacies of different therapies. There are a few studies on the treatment of musculoskeletal manifestations of chikungunya fever, but these studies have important methodological limitations. The data currently available preclude conclusions favorable or contrary to specific therapies, or an adequate comparison between the different drugs used. The objective of this study was to develop recommendations for the treatment of chikungunya fever in Brazil. A literature review was performed via evidence-based selection of articles in the databases Medline, SciELO, PubMed and Embase and conference proceedings abstracts, in addition to expert opinions to support decision-making in defining recommendations. The Delphi method was used to define the degrees of agreement in 2 face-to-face meetings and several online voting rounds. This study is part 2 of the Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology (Sociedade Brasileira de Reumatologia - SBR) for the Diagnosis and Treatment of chikungunya fever and specifically addresses treatment.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbre.2017.06.004
38509 downloads
3.
Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for diagnosis and treatment of Chikungunya fever. Part 1 - Diagnosis and special situations
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Marques, Claudia Diniz Lopes
; Duarte, Angela Luzia Branco Pinto
; Ranzolin, Aline
; Dantas, Andrea Tavares
; Cavalcanti, Nara Gualberto
; Gonçalves, Rafaela Silva Guimarães
; Rocha Junior, Laurindo Ferreira da
; Valadares, Lilian David de Azevedo
; Melo, Ana Karla Guedes de
; Freire, Eutilia Andrade Medeiros
; Teixeira, Roberto
; Bezerra Neto, Francisco Alves
; Medeiros, Marta Maria das Chagas
; Carvalho, Jozélio Freire de
; Santos, Mario Sergio F.
; Océa, Regina Adalva de L. Couto
; Levy, Roger A.
; Andrade, Carlos Augusto Ferreira de
; Pinheiro, Geraldo da Rocha Castelar
; Abreu, Mirhelen Mendes
; Verztman, José Fernando
; Merenlender, Selma
; Ribeiro, Sandra Lucia Euzebio
; Costa, Izaias Pereira da
; Pileggi, Gecilmara
; Trevisani, Virginia Fernandes Moça
; Lopes, Max Igor Banks
; Brito, Carlos
; Figueiredo, Eduardo
; Queiroga, Fabio
; Feitosa, Tiago
; Tenório, Angélica da Silva
; Siqueira, Gisela Rocha de
; Paiva, Renata
; Vasconcelos, José Tupinambá Sousa
; Christopoulos, Georges
.
Resumo A febre chikungunya tem se tornado um importante problema de saúde pública nos países onde ocorrem as epidemias. Até 2013, as Américas haviam registrado apenas casos importados quando, em outubro desse mesmo ano, foram notificados os primeiros casos na Ilha de Saint Martin, no Caribe. No Brasil, os primeiros relatos autóctones foram confirmados em setembro de 2014 e até a semana epidemiológica 37 de 2016 já haviam sido registrados 236.287 casos prováveis de infecção pelo chikungunya vírus (CHIKV), 116.523 confirmados sorologicamente. As mudanças ambientais causadas pelo homem, o crescimento urbano desordenado e o número cada vez maior de viagens internacionais têm sido apontados como os fatores responsáveis pela reemergência de epidemias em grande escala. Caracterizada clinicamente por febre e dor articular na fase aguda, em cerca de metade dos casos existe evolução para a fase crônica (além de três meses), com dor persistente e incapacitante. O objetivo deste trabalho foi elaborar recomendações para diagnóstico e tratamento da febre chikungunya no Brasil. Para isso, foi feita revisão da literatura nas bases de dados Medline, SciELO e PubMed, para dar apoio às decisões tomadas para definir as recomendações. Para a definição do grau de concordância foi feita uma metodologia Delphi, em duas reuniões presenciais e várias rodadas de votação on line. Foram geradas 25 recomendações, divididas em três grupos temáticos: (1) diagnóstico clínico, laboratorial e por imagem; (2) situações especiais e (3) tratamento. Na primeira parte estão os dois primeiros temas e o tratamento na segunda.
Abstract Chikungunya fever has become a relevant public health problem in countries where epidemics occur. Until 2013, only imported cases occurred in the Americas, but in October of that year, the first cases were reported in Saint Marin island in the Caribbean. The first autochthonous cases were confirmed in Brazil in September 2014; until epidemiological week 37 of 2016, 236,287 probable cases of infection with Chikungunya virus had been registered, 116,523 of which had serological confirmation. Environmental changes caused by humans, disorderly urban growth and an ever-increasing number of international travelers were described as the factors responsible for the emergence of large-scale epidemics. Clinically characterized by fever and joint pain in the acute stage, approximately half of patients progress to the chronic stage (beyond 3 months), which is accompanied by persistent and disabling pain. The aim of the present study was to formulate recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of Chikungunya fever in Brazil. A literature review was performed in the MEDLINE, SciELO and PubMed databases to ground the decisions for recommendations. The degree of concordance among experts was established through the Delphi method, involving 2 in-person meetings and several online voting rounds. In total, 25 recommendations were formulated and divided into 3 thematic groups: (1) clinical, laboratory and imaging diagnosis; (2) special situations; and (3) treatment. The first 2 themes are presented in part 1, and treatment is presented in part 2.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbre.2017.05.006
37996 downloads
4.
Yield of castor bean fertilized with sewage sludge and potassium and magnesium sulphate
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Cavalcanti, Thâmara F. M.
; Zuba, Geraldo R.
; Sampaio, Regynaldo A.
; Carneiro, João P.
; Oliveira, Ely S. A. de
; Rodrigues, Márcio N.
.
Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental
- Journal Metrics
<title>RESUMO</title><p>O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produtividade e nutrição de mamoneira adubada com lodo de esgoto e sulfato duplo de potássio e magnésio. O experimento foi realizado no período de janeiro a julho de 2011. Os tratamentos, no delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições, em área de Nitossolo, corresponderam a um fatorial (1 + 2 x 4), sendo duas doses de sulfato duplo combinadas com quatro doses de lodo de esgoto, aplicadas com base nos teores de nitrogênio do resíduo e na exigência desse nutriente pela cultura (0; 2,6; 5,20 e 10,40 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, em base seca) e um tratamento adicional com NPK. A produtividade de grãos de mamona adubada com lodo de esgoto não diferiu da adubação convencional sendo o valor máximo atingido com a dose de 7,5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> de lodo de esgoto. A adubação com lodo de esgoto elevou os teores de zinco e cobre no solo a valores próximos ou superiores à adubação convencional, sem nenhuma influência nas concentrações na folha. A adubação com sulfato duplo de potássio e magnésio elevou os teores desses cátions no solo sem influenciar as concentrações na folha. A adubação com lodo de esgoto aumentou os teores no solo de matéria orgânica, enxofre, zinco, ferro, cobre e boro e, na folha de mamoneira, de manganês e boro.</p>
<title>ABSTRACT</title><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the yield and nutrition of castor bean in response to fertilization with sewage sludge and potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) sulphate. The experiment was carried out from January to July 2011. The treatments, in a randomized block design with three replicates, in a Nitosol, corresponded to a factorial scheme (2 x 4 +1): two doses of K and Mg sulphate combined with four doses of sewage sludge (0, 2.60, 5.20 and 10.40 t ha<sup>-1</sup>, dry basis), applied based on its nitrogen (N) content and the N requirement for the crop and an additional treatment with NPK. The castor bean grain yield fertilized with sewage sludge did not differ from conventional fertilization, with the maximum value achieved at a dose of 7.5 t ha<sup>-1</sup> of sewage sludge. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased zinc and copper levels in the soil to values close to or higher than those in conventional fertilization, without any influence on the concentrations in the leaf. Fertilization with K and Mg sulphate increased the levels of these cations in the soil without affecting the concentrations in the leaves. The fertilization with sewage sludge increased the contents of organic matter, sulfur, zinc, iron, copper and boron in the soil, and manganese and boron in castor bean leaves.</p>
https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n8p773-779
1599 downloads
5.
Pudendal somatosensory evoked potentials in normal women
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Cavalcanti, Geraldo A.
; Bruschini, Homero
; Manzano, Gilberto M.
; Nunes, Karlo F.
; Giuliano, Lydia M.
; Nobrega, Joao A.
; Srougi, Miguel
.
OBJECTIVE: Somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) is an electrophysiological test used to evaluate sensory innervations in peripheral and central neuropathies. Pudendal SSEP has been studied in dysfunctions related to the lower urinary tract and pelvic floor. Although some authors have already described technical details pertaining to the method, the standardization and the influence of physiological variables in normative values have not yet been established, especially for women. The aim of the study was to describe normal values of the pudendal SSEP and to compare technical details with those described by other authors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clitoral sensory threshold and pudendal SSEP latency was accomplished in 38 normal volunteers. The results obtained from stimulation performed on each side of the clitoris were compared to ages, body mass index (BMI) and number of pregnancies. RESULTS: The values of clitoral sensory threshold and P1 latency with clitoral left stimulation were respectively, 3.64 ± 1.01 mA and 37.68 ± 2.60 ms. Results obtained with clitoral right stimulation were 3.84 ± 1.53 mA and 37.42 ± 3.12 ms, respectively. There were no correlations between clitoral sensory threshold and P1 latency with age, BMI or height of the volunteers. A significant difference was found in P1 latency between nulliparous women and volunteers who had been previously submitted to cesarean section. CONCLUSIONS: The SSEP latency represents an accessible and reproducible method to investigate the afferent pathways from the genitourinary tract. These results could be used as normative values in studies involving genitourinary neuropathies in order to better clarify voiding and sexual dysfunctions in females.
3959 downloads
6.
Pudendal nerve latency time in normal women via intravaginal stimulation
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Cavalcanti, Geraldo A.
; Manzano, Gilberto M.
; Giuliano, Lydia M.
; Nobrega, Joao A.
; Srougi, Miguel
; Bruschini, Homero
.
INTRODUCTION & OBJECTIVES: Studies of motor conduction for the efferent functional assessment of the pudendal nerve in women with pelvic dysfunctions have been conducted through researching distal motor latency times. The transrectal approach has been the classic approach for this electrophysiological examination. The objective of the present study is to verify the viability of the transvaginal approach in performing the exam, to establish normal values for this method and to analyze the influence of age, stature and parity in the latency value of normal women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 23 volunteers without genitourinary pathologies participated in this study. In each, pudendal motor latency was investigated through the transvaginal approach, which was chosen due to patient’s higher tolerance levels. RESULTS: The motor response represented by registering the M-wave was obtained in all volunteers on the right side (100%) and in 13 volunteers on the left side (56.5%). The mean motor latency obtained in the right and left was respectively: 1.99 ± 0.41 and 1.92 ± 0.48 milliseconds (ms). There was no difference between the sides (p = 0.66). Latency did not correlate with age, stature or obstetric history. The results obtained in the present study were in agreement with those found by other researchers using the transrectal approach. CONCLUSION: The vaginal approach represents an alternative for pudendal nerve distal motor latency time, with similar results to those achieved through the transrectal approach. Normative values obtained herein might serve as a comparative basis for subsequent physiopathological studies.
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