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Electroacupuncture alleviates inflammatory pain via adenosine suppression and its mediated substance P expression
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ZHANG, Rong yi

; ZHU, Ben fan

; WANG, Li kui

; SONG, Yang

; ZHAO, Jia gui

; GUO, Yan

; ZHAO, Long

; CHEN, Shi

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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oct 2020, Volume 78 N. 10 Pages 617 - 623

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: A acupuntura tem sido amplamente utilizada para alívio de dor. No entanto, seus mecanismos são muito pouco conhecidos. Objetivo: Investigar a relação entre o efeito analgésico da eletroacupuntura e a regulação da expressão de adenosina e de substância P. Métodos: Utilizou-se um modelo de dor inflamatória crônica em ratos por injeção única do Adjuvante Completo de Freund e, em seguida, os animais foram tratados com eletroacupuntura diariamente. Foram aplicadas sete sessões bilaterais de eletroacupuntura (ST36 e BL60, 0,5 a 1,5 mA, força inicial de 0,5 mA, aumentada em 0,5 mA a cada 10 minutos, 30 minutos por sessão, uma sessão por dia) em ratos com Adjuvante Completo de Freund, por sete dias. O efeito analgésico da eletroacupuntura foi avaliado pela medida do limiar de retirada da pata em ratos que receberam estimulações mecânica e térmica. Resultados: A estimulação diária com eletroacupuntura aumentou efetivamente o limiar de retirada da pata em ratos com Adjuvante Completo de Freund. A eletroacupuntura aumentou o nível de adenosina na região zusanli. Estudos posteriores mostraram que a eletroacupuntura poderia diminuir os níveis de substância P, receptor de neurocinina-1, fator de necrose tumoral-alpha, interleucina-1β, interleucina-6 e CD68 nos gânglios da raiz dorsal. Curiosamente, a injeção direta de antagonistas do receptor de adenosina A1 ou de substância P, ou a transecção da raiz do nervo dorsal, podem prejudicar significativamente as ações analgésicas induzidas pela eletroacupuntura em ratos com Adjuvante Completo de Freund e reduzir os níveis de substância P, receptor de neurocinina-1, fator de necrose tumoral-alfa, interleucina-1β, interleucina-6 e CD68. Por fim, confirmamos que a injeção direta de um agonista do receptor da adenosina A1 reproduziu os efeitos analgésicos da eletroacupuntura. Conclusão: Nossos resultados indicam a regulação da secreção da substância P mediada pela adenosina. A via mediada pela substância P pode estar envolvida no processo de analgesia por eletroacupuntura em ratos.

ABSTRACT Background: Acupuncture has been widely used for alleviating pain. However, its mechanisms remain largely enigmatic. Objective: In the present study, we focused on whether the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture is related to its regulation on adenosine and substance P expression. Methods: We established chronic inflammatory pain model in rats through a single injection of Complete Freund’s Adjuvant, and then we treated animals using daily electroacupuncture. We applied seven bilateral sessions of electroacupuncture (ST36 and BL60, 0.5 to 1.5 mA, initial strength of 0.5 mA, increased by 0.5 mA every 10 minutes, for 30 minutes per session, one section per day) to Complete Freund’s Adjuvant rats for seven days. The analgesic effect of electroacupuncture was evaluated by measuring paw withdrawal threshold in rats that received mechanical and thermal stimulation. Results: Daily electroacupuncture stimulation effectively increased paw withdrawal threshold in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant rats. Electroacupuncture increased the adenosine level in zusanli. A further study showed that electroacupuncture could decrease substance P, neurokinin-1 receptor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and CD68 levels in dorsal root ganglion. Interestingly, direct injection of adenosine A1 or substance P receptor antagonists, or dorsal nerve root transection could significantly impair electroacupuncture induced analgesic actions in Complete Freund’s Adjuvant rats could and reduce the levels of substance P, neurokinin-1 receptor, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and CD68. Finally, we confirmed that direct injection of adenosine A1 receptor agonist replicated the analgesic effect of electroacupuncture. Conclusion: Our results indicate regulation of adenosine-mediated substance P secretion. Substance P-mediated pathway may be involved in the analgesia process by electroacupuncture in rats.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20200078 1025 downloads

Sleep quality is inversely related to body mass index among university students
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Wang, Jun

; Chen, Yan

; Jin, Yuelong

; Zhu, Lijun

; Yao, Yingshui

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira

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jun 2019, Volume 65 N. 6 Pages 845 - 850

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO OBJETIVO: O objetivo do estudo era investigar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e sua relação com a qualidade do sono em estudantes universitários da província de Anhui, China. METODOLOGIA: Um estudo transversal foi realizado na China com 1328 participantes. A prevalência de baixo peso e obesidade em estudantes universitários foi estimada com base nas referências do Grupo de Trabalho sobre Obesidade da China. A qualidade do sono foi avaliada utilizando o padrão PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). RESULTADOS: O estudo incluiu 470 homens e 858 mulheres, todos estudantes universitários de Anhui; 4,4% das mulheres e 17,7% dos homens foram classificados com sobrepeso ou obesidade. A prevalência da obesidade em homens foi significativamente maior do que em mulheres, e a prevalência da obesidade nos últimos anos foi maior do que em outras categorias (P < 0, 05). Em geral, a pontuação média de qualidade do sono foi 4,91 ± 2,67; 36,5% dos homens e 39, 1% das mulheres tiveram uma qualidade de sono ruim (PSQI > 5). Considerando os sete componentes da qualidade do sono, a duração do sono e o uso de medicação para dormir apresentaram diferenças significativas entre estudantes homens e mulheres de anos diferentes (P < 0,05). Uma clara correlação foi encontrada entre a qualidade do sono e o Índice de Massa corporal (IMC) (P < 0.0000) em mulheres que usavam drogas hipnóticas. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo sugere que a qualidade do sono das mulheres está provavelmente associada com o IMC. Os universitários são um grupo especial de jovens adultos, por isso é importante para estudar a causa da sua má qualidade do sono e sua relação com o IMC, para que seja possível melhorar a saúde dos estudantes universitários.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity and its association with sleep quality in university students from the Anhui province in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in China with 1328 participants. The prevalence of underweight and obesity in university students was estimated according to the reference working group on obesity in China. The sleep quality was evaluated using the standard PSQI (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). RESULTS: This study included 470 male and 858 female students from a university in Anhui; 4.4% of the females and 17.7% of the males were overweight or obese. The prevalence of obesity in males was significantly higher than in females, and the prevalence of obesity in higher years was greater than in other years (p<0.05). In general, the mean score for sleep quality was 4.91±2.67; 36.5% of male and 39.1% of female students had poor sleep quality (PSQI score >5). Among the seven components of sleep quality, sleep duration and the use of sleep medication showed significant differences between male and female students and different years (p<0.05). An obvious correlation was found between sleep quality and body mass index (BMI)(p<0.000) in females who took hypnotic drugs. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the sleep quality of females is probably associated with their BMI. College students are a special group of young adults whose cause of poor sleeping quality and BMI may be significant to study, so the health status of university students can be improved.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.65.6.845 2742 downloads

Expression analysis of long non-coding RNAs in a renal ischemia-reperfusion injury model
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Tao, Qiu

; Tianyu, Wang

; Jiangqiao, Zhou

; Zhongbao, Chen

; Xiaoxiong, Ma

; Long, Zhang

; Jilin, Zou

Acta Cirúrgica Brasileira

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2019, Volume 34 N. 4 elocation e201900403

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Purpose: To investigate the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) profile on renal ischemia reperfusion in a mouse model. Methods: Microarray analysis was used to study the expression of misregulated lncRNA in a mouse model of renal ischemia reperfusion(I/R) with long ischemia time. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) was used to verify the expression of selected lncRNAs and mRNAs.The potential functions of the lncRNA was analyzed by bioinformatics tools and databases. Results: Kidney function was impaired in I/R group compared to the normal group. Analysis showed that a total of 2267 lncRNAs and 2341 messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were significantly expressed in I/R group (≥2.0-fold, p < 0.05).The qPCR result showed that lncRNAs and mRNAs expression were consistent with the microarray analysis. The co-expression network profile analysis based on five validated lncRNAs and 203 interacted mRNAs showed it existed a total of 208 nodes and 333 connections. The GO and KEEG pathway analysis results showed that multiple lncRNAs are involved the mechanism of I/R. Conclusion: Multiple lncRNAs are involved in the mechanism of I/R.These analysis results will help us to further understand the mechanism of I/R and promote the new methods targeted at lncRNA to improve I/R injury.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s0102-865020190040000003 933 downloads

Protective effect and mechanism of Lactobacillus on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats
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Wanchao, Shi

; Chen, Ma

; Zhiguo, Su

; Futang, Xie

; Mengmeng, Shi

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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2018, Volume 51 N. 7 elocation e7172

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects and mechanism of inactivated lactobacillus (ILA) on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury (CIRI) in rats. In this experiment, 30 male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, IRI groups, and ILA group. A middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion model was prepared. The rats were killed after 24 hours of recovery of blood flow of cerebral ischemia resulting from 60-min occlusion. The cerebral infarction volume and neurological scores were assayed by staining and behavioral observation. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels were assayed by biochemical kits. Cell apoptosis was assayed by Tunnel and the Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, IkB, and A20 were assayed by western blot. The neurobehavioral scores in IRI rats were significantly lower compared to the control group while ILA improved the neurobehavioral scores of the ILA groups. The cerebral infarction volume and neural cell apoptosis of rats in the ILA groups decreased significantly compared with those in the IRI group. In addition, MDA level in the ILA groups decreased whereas SOD activity increased compared to the IRI group. Moreover, ILA also inhibited the expression of TLR-4 and promoted the expression of IkB and A20. ILA inhibited the apoptosis of neural cells, decreased cerebral infarction volume, and reduced oxidative stress through inhibition of TLR-4/NF-kappa B signaling, improving neurobehavioral scores. Thus from the present study it was concluded that ILA has protective effect on CIRI.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431x20187172 1042 downloads

Domain Transformation and MI of Melt-extracted Co68.15Fe4.35Si12.25B13.25Nb1Cu1 Microwires by Cryogenic Joule Annealing
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Xing, Dawei

; Chen, Dongming

; Liu, Jingshun

; Zhang, Lunyong

; Shen, Hongexian

; Liu, Fang

; Sun, Jianfei.

Materials Research

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nov 2015, Volume 18 Pages 72 - 77

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Giant magneto-impedance (GMI) effect and domain transformation for melt-extracted Co68.15Fe4.35Si12.25B13.25Nb1Cu1 amorphous wires have been induced by a cryogenic Joule annealing (CJA) treatment with different DC current amplitude (0~350 mA) for 240s. Experimental results indicate that the maximum GMI ratio ([ΔΖ∕Ζ0]max) achieves to 188.1% with exciting field increasing to 1.8 Oe monotonically for 300 mA annealing treated wires, which can attribute to the surface complex domain structure change formed by CJA treatment. The liquid nitrogen can protect the wire from crystallization when applied large DC currents. Moreover, the CJA treatment can improve the response sensitivities effectively. These remarkable characteristics make the melt-extracted microwires by CJA tailoring as the promising candidate material for small-sized magnetic sensors.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-1439.327914 1040 downloads

Post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio independently predicts amputation in critical limb ischemia without operation
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Luo, Han

; Yuan, Ding

; Yang, Hongliu

; Yukui, Ma

; Huang, Bin

; Yang, Yi

; Xiong, Fei

; Zeng, Guojun

; Wu, Zhoupeng

; Chen, Xiyang

; Wang, Tiehao

; Luo, Hailong

; Zhao, Jichun

Clinics

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apr 2015, Volume 70 N. 4 Pages 273 - 277

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVES: Limited information is available concerning the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in critical limb ischemia patients who receive conservative therapy. Accordingly, this study was designed to evaluate the predictive value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio in critical limb ischemia patients without surgery. METHOD: From January 2009 to January 2011, critical limb ischemia patients were admitted to a vascular center. The demographic data, patient histories, comorbidities and risk factors were documented, and the differential cell count was determined at admission and seven days later after conservative therapy. The cutoff value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was determined by an ROC curve. Patients were divided into groups A and B according to the cutoff value. Amputation-free survival was compared between groups. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify independent risk factors. RESULT: A total of 172 patients were identified with a mean age 71.98±10.09 years; among them, 122 were male. A value of 3.8 was identified as the cutoff value of the post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio. Groups A (post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio ≥3.8) and B (post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <3.8) showed a significant difference in amputation-free survival (P<0.001). The 1-year, 2-year and 3-year amputation-free survival rates were 79.6%, 55.6% and 46.3%, respectively, in group A; however, in group B, these values were 89.7%, 79.3% and 75.9%, respectively. The post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio was identified as an independent predictive factor for amputation in critical limb ischemia patients (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio is an independent predictive factor for amputation in critical limb ischemia patients. Patients with a post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio ≥3.8 are likely to suffer from amputation; amputation-free survival usually occurs in patients with a post-treatment neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio <3.8.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2015(04)09 1425 downloads

Improving the mechanical properties of polyamide 6-nanosilica nanocomposites by combining masterbatch technique with in situ polymerization
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Xu, Qijie

; Li, Xiaohong

; Chen, Fangfei

; Zhang, Zhijun

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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jul 2014, Volume 25 N. 7 Pages 1218 - 1225

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Um masterbatch (MA) reativo de poliamida 6 (PA6)/SiO2 contendo 20% (fração de massa) de nano-SiO2 foi preparado. Posteriormente, o MA reativo preparado foi usado como carga no preparo de nanocompósitos PA6/SiO2 (RA). A estrutura do RA foi analisada por espectrometria no infravermelho por transformada de Fourier (FTIR), microscopia eletrônica de transmissão (TEM), difratometria de raios X (XRD), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM) e microscopia óptica de luz polarizada (POM). A estabilidade térmica e o comportamento de cristalização do RA foram avaliados por análise termogravimétrica (TGA) e calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC). OS resultados indicaram que as cadeias moleculares de PA6 estavam ancoradas na superfície do nano-SiO2 através de ligações químicas entre a superfície de grupos amino do nano-SiO2 e do monômero da ε-caprolactama ou pré-polímero da PA6. Como resultado, uma camada interfacial flexível foi formada, melhorando a compatibilidade do nano-SiO2 com a matriz de PA6. Além disso, o efeito no nano-SiO2 apresentou melhoras nas propriedades mecânicas do RA. Devido ao efeito de impedimento de movimento das cadeias moleculares da PA6 pelas partículas de nano-SiO2, o tamanho da esfera cristalina de PA6 foi menor e sua forma cristalina também foi afetada. A massa molar da matriz de PA6 tende a decair gradualmente com o aumento do conteúdo nano-SiO2.

A reactive polyamide 6 (PA6)/SiO2 masterbatch (MA) containing 20% (mass fraction) of nano-SiO2 was prepared readily. Furthermore, the as-prepared reactive MA was used as a filler to prepare PA6/SiO2 nanocomposites (RA). The structure of RA was analyzed by means of Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry (FTIR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and polarizing microscopy (POM). Thermal stability and crystallization behaviors of RA were evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Findings indicated that the PA6 molecular chains were anchored on the surface of nano-SiO2 through chemical bonding between the surface amino groups of nano-SiO2 and ε-caprolactam monomer or prepolymer of PA6. As a result, a flexible interfacial layer was formed, thereby improving the compatibility of nano-SiO2 with PA6 matrix. Moreover, the enhancement effect of nano-SiO2 led to the improved mechanical properties of RA. Besides, due to the hindering effect of nano-SiO2 particles to the movement of PA6 molecular chains, the size of the PA6 spherocrystal was smaller, and its crystalline form was also affected. Furthermore, the molecular weight of the PA6 matrix tended to decrease gradually with increasing nano-SiO2 content.

https://doi.org/10.5935/0103-5053.20140099 1929 downloads

Desfechos clínicos de tratamento cirúrgico de más uniões ou não consolidadas do tálus
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Chen, Da-wei

; Li, Bing

; Yang, Yun-feng

; Zhou, Jia-qian

; Li, Hai-feng

; Aubeeluck, Ashwin

; Yu, Guang-rong

Acta Ortopédica Brasileira

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aug 2013, Volume 21 N. 4 Pages 226 - 232

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

OBJETIVO: Apresentar nossas experiências no tratamento de más uniões ou não consolidações talares. MÉTODO: Entre janeiro de 2000 e setembro de 2009, 26 pacientes com má união ou não-união depois de fraturas do tálus foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico de acordo com os diferentes tipos de deformidade talar. Os desfechos do tratamento foram avaliados pela escala tornozelo-retropé da AOFAS, assim como por radiografias simples. RESULTADOS: 20 pacientes ficaram disponíveis para acompanhamento por 30 (24 a 60) meses. Não houve problema de cicatrização ou infecção das feridas e foram obtidas uniões sólidas em todos os pacientes. As uniões radiológicas foram atingidas em tempo médio de 14 (faixa de 12 a 18) semanas. O tempo médio para concluir o apoio de carga foi 16 (faixa de 14 a 20) semanas. O escore AOFAS médio aumentou significantemente de 36,2 (27 a 43) para 85,8 (74 a 98). CONCLUSÃO: as intervenções cirúrgicas das fraturas mal-unidas ou não consolidadas dos tálus podem produzir resultados satisfatórios e o procedimento apropriado deve ser adotado, de acordo com diferentes tipos de deformidades pós-traumáticas. Nível de Evidência: IV, Estudo retrospectivo.

OBJECTIVE: To present our experiences of treating talar malunions and nonunions. METHOD: Between January 2000 and September 2009, 26 patients with malunions or nonunions after talar fractures underwent surgical treatment according to different types of talar deformities. The treatment outcomes were evaluated using AOFAS ankle-hindfoot scale as well as plain radiographs. RESULTS: 20 patients were available for follow-up for 30 (range, 24 to 60) months. No wound healing problems or infections occurred and solid unions were achieved in all patients. Radiological unions were achieved at a mean time of 14 (range, 12 to 18) weeks. The mean time to complete weight-bearing was 16 (range, 14 to 20) weeks. The mean AOFAS score increased significantly from 36.2 (range, 27 to 43) to 85.8 (range, 74 to 98). CONCLUSION: Surgical interventions for malunions and nonunions after talar fractures can bring about satisfactory outcomes, and the appropriate procedure should be adopted according to different types of posttraumatic deformities. Level of Evidence: IV, Retrospective Study.

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Practice audits to reduce caesareans in a tertiary referral hospital in south-western China
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Runmei, Ma

; Terence T, Lao

; Yonghu, Sun

; Hong, Xiao

; Yuqin, Tian

; Bailuan, Li

; Minghui, Yang

; Weihong, Yang

; Kun, Liang

; Guohua, Liang

; Hongyu, Li

; Li, Geng

; Renmin, Ni

; Wenjin, Qi

; Zhuo, Chen

; Mingyu, Du

; Bei, Zhu

; Jing, Xu

; Yanping, Tao

; Lan, Zhang

; Xianyan, Song

; Zaiqing, Qu

; Qian, Sun

; Xiaoyun, Yi

; Jihui, Yu

; Dandan, Zhang

Bulletin of the World Health Organization

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jul 2012, Volume 90 N. 7 Pages 488 - 494

Abstract: En Es Fr | Text: En Es Fr | PDF: En | PDF: Es | PDF: Fr

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness of a three-stage intervention to reduce caesarean deliveries in a Chinese tertiary hospital. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted to assess whether educating staff, educating patients and auditing surgeon practices (introduced in 2005) had reduced caesarean delivery rates. Multiple logistic regression was used to check for a potential association between caesarean rates and rates of admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). FINDINGS: The caesarean delivery rate ranged from 53.5% to 56.1% in 2001-2004 and from 43.9% to 36.1% in 2005-2011. When 2001-2004 and 2005-2011 were treated as "before" and "after" periods to evaluate the intervention's impact on the mean caesarean section rate, a significant reduction was noted: from 54.8% to 40.3% (odds ratio, OR: 0.56; 95% confidence interval, CI: 0.52-0.59; χ2 test: P < 0.001). The overall drop in the caesarean section rate was significant (χ2 test: P < 0.001) and inversely correlated with the years (Spearman's ρ: -0.096; P < 0.001). Although complicated pregnancies increased after 2004, the primary caesarean section rate decreased annually by 20% on average in 2005-2011, after practice audits were implemented. Multiple logistic regression showed a positive association between the caesarean delivery rate and the rate of admission to the NICU (adjusted OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.14-1.40). CONCLUSION: Patient and staff education and practice audits reduced the Caesarean section rate in a tertiary referral hospital without an increase in admissions to the NICU.

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de una intervención en tres etapas para reducir los partos por cesárea en un hospital de atención terciaria en China. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo para evaluar si el programa educativo para el personal y los pacientes y la auditoría de las prácticas de los cirujanos (que se pusieron en marcha en el año 2005) habían disminuido la tasa de partos por cesárea. Se empleó una regresión logística múltiple para comprobar la posible relación entre la tasa de cesáreas y la tasa de admisión en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales (UCIN). RESULTADOS: La tasa de partos por cesárea osciló entre el 53,5% y el 56,1% entre 2001 y 2004 y entre el 43,9% y el 36,1% entre 2005 y 2011. Se constata una reducción significativa en la misma si se consideran los años 2001-2004 y 2005-2011 como periodos «antes» y «después» para evaluar el impacto de la intervención sobre la tasa media de partos por cesárea: del 54,8% al 40,3% (razón de posibilidades, OR: 0,56; intervalo de confianza, IC, del 95%: 0,54 - 0,59; χ2test P<0,001). La disminución general en la proporción de cesáreas fue significativa (χ2 test: P<0,001) y estuvo relacionada de forma inversa con los años (correlación de Spearman ρ: -0,096; P<0,001). A pesar del aumento de embarazos complicados después de 2004, la tasa de cesáreas primarias disminuyó anualmente hasta un 20% de media entre los años 2005-2011 después de haber puesto en marcha las auditorías de las prácticas. La regresión logística múltiple mostró una relación positiva entre la tasa de partos por cesárea y la tasa de admisión en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales UCIN (OR ajustada: 1,26; IC del 95%: 1,14-1,40). CONCLUSIÓN: El programa educativo para el personal y los pacientes, así como las auditorías de las prácticas redujeron la tasa de cesáreas en un hospital de atención terciaria sin aumentar el número de admisiones en la UCIN.

OBJECTIF: Evaluer l'efficacité d'une intervention en trois étapes pour réduire les accouchements par césarienne dans un hôpital de troisième ligne chinois. MÉTHODES: Une étude rétrospective a été menée afin de déterminer si l'éducation du personnel, l'éducation des patients et l'audit des pratiques des chirurgiens (introduit en 2005) avaient réduit les taux d'accouchement par césarienne. Une régression logistique multiple a été utilisée pour vérifier une éventuelle corrélation entre les taux de césarienne et les taux d'admission à l'unité de soins intensifs néonataux. RÉSULTATS: Le taux de césarienne variait de 53,5% à 56,1% en 2001-2004 et de 43,9% à 36,1% en 2005-2011. Lorsque 2001-2004 et 2005-2011 ont été traités en tant que périodes "avant" et "après" pour évaluer l'impact des interventions sur le taux moyen de césarienne, une réduction significative a été mise en évidence: de 54,8% à 40,3% (rapport des chances, OR: 0,56; intervalle de confiance à 95%, IC: 0,52 à 0,59; test de χ2: P <0,001). La baisse globale du taux de césarienne était significative (test de χ2: P <0,001) et inversement corrélée avec les années (ρ de Spearman: -0,096; P <0,001). Bien que les grossesses compliquées aient augmenté après 2004, le taux de césarienne primaire a diminué chaque année de 20% en moyenne en 2005-2011, après que l'audit de bonnes pratiques ait été mis en œuvre. Une régression logistique multiple a montré une corrélation positive entre le taux de naissance par césarienne et le taux d'admission à l'unité de soins intensifs néonataux (OR ajusté: 1,26, IC 95%: 1,14 à 1,40). CONCLUSION: L'éducation des patients et du personnel ainsi que l'audit de bonnes pratiques ont réduit le taux de césarienne dans un hôpital de troisième ligne, sans augmentation des admissions en soins intensifs néonataux.

https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.11.093369 1923 downloads

10.

The cytotoxicity of methacryloxylethyl cetyl ammonium chloride, a cationic antibacterial monomer, is related to oxidative stress and the intrinsic mitochondrial apoptotic pathway
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Sai, Ma

; Le-qun, Shan

; Yu-hong, Xiao

; Fang, Li

; Li, Huang

; Shen, Lijuan

; Ji-hua, Chen

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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nov 2011, Volume 44 N. 11 Pages 1125 - 1133

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Antibacterial monomers incorporated in dentin bonding systems may have toxic effects on the pulp. Thus, the cytotoxicity of antibacterial monomers and its underlying mechanisms must be elucidated to improve the safety of antibacterial monomer application. The influence of an antibacterial monomer, methacryloxylethyl cetyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB), on the vitality of L929 mouse fibroblasts was tested using MTT assay. Cell cycle progression was studied using flow cytometry. Production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) after DMAE-CB treatment was measured using 2,7-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining and flow cytometry analysis. Loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, disturbance of Bcl-2 and Bax expression, as well as release of cytochrome C were also measured using flow cytometry analysis or Western blot to explore the possible involvement of the mitochondrial-related apoptotic pathway. DMAE-CB elicited cell death in a dose-dependent manner and more than 50% of cells were killed after treatment with 30 µM of the monomer. Both necrosis and apoptosis were observed. DMAE-CB also induced G1- and G2-phase arrest. Increased levels of intracellular ROS were observed after 1 h and this overproduction was further enhanced by 6-h treatment with the monomer. DMAE-CB may cause apoptosis by disturbing the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, reducing the mitochondrial potential and inducing release of cytochrome C. Taken together, these findings suggest that the toxicity of the antibacterial monomer DMAE-CB is associated with ROS production, mitochondrial dysfunction, cell cycle disturbance, and cell apoptosis/necrosis.

2377 downloads

11.

Synthesis, Characterization and Photovoltaic Properties of Di-Anchoring Organic Dyes
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Wu, Tzi-Yi

; Tsao, Ming-Hsiu

; Su, Shyh-Gang

; Wang, H. Paul

; Lin, Yuan-Chung

; Chen, Fu-Lin

; Chang, Cheng-Wen

; Sun, I-Wen

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2011, Volume 22 N. 4 Pages 780 - 789

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Três novos pigmentos orgânicos contendo grupamentos carbazol, iminodibenzil e fenotiazina como doadores de elétrons e anéis rodanina bi-ancoradores como receptores de elétrons, foram sintetizados e avaliados como fotossensibilizadores em células solares. Células solares empregando corantes com grupos fenotiazinas como unidades transportadora de buracos e anéis rodanina biancoradores como receptores de elétrons exibiram uma densidade de fotocorrente de curto circuito de 10,6 mA cm-2, voltagem de circuito aberto de 0,658 V e fator de preenchimento de 0,7, correspondendo a uma eficiência de conversão total de 4,91% sob luz solar padrão AM 1.5.

Three new organic dyes comprising carbazole, iminodibenzyl and phenothiazine moieties, as electron donors and di-anchoring rhodanine rings as the electron acceptors, were synthesized and evaluated for use in dye-sensitized solar cells. A solar cell employing dye-containing phenothiazine as a hole-transporting unit and di-anchoring rhodanine rings as the electron acceptors exhibits a short circuit photocurrent density of 10.6 mA cm-2, an open-circuit voltage of 0.658 V and a fill factor of 0.7, corresponding to an overall conversion efficiency of 4.91% at standard AM 1.5 sunlight.

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12.

A lack of association between adiponectin polymorphisms and coronary artery disease in a Chinese population
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Zhong, Chen

; Zhen, Ding

; Qian, Qi

; Genshan, Ma

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2010, Volume 33 N. 3 Pages 428 - 433

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

We investigated the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene (rs822395 and rs266729) and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a case-control study of 198 unrelated Chinese CAD patients (with ; 70% coronary stenosis or previous myocardial infarction) and 237 non-CAD controls. The ligase reaction was used to detect SNPs rs822395 and rs266729, and the allelic association of these SNPs with the occurrence and severity of CAD was assessed. There were no significant differences in the genotypic or allelic frequencies of the two SNPs between control and CAD individuals. In addition, there was no association between the two SNPs and the severity of CAD based on the number of diseased vessels. The frequencies of alleles C and G at rs266729 differed significantly between females in the CAD and control groups, but not between males. Female carriers of allele G at rs266729 had a higher risk of CAD compared with allele C carriers (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 1.09-2.64, p = 0.02). These results indicate a gender-specific effect of the adiponectin gene rs266729 variant in modulating the risk of CAD in women.

1556 downloads

13.

Extractive Resolution of racemic mandelic acid through a bulk liquid membrane containing binary chiral carrier
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Yang, Ling

; Chen, Xiao Qing

; Jiao, Fei Peng

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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2009, Volume 20 N. 8 Pages 1493 - 1498

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Um método empregando "bulk liquid membrane" (BLM) e o complexo ácido di(2-etilhexil) fosfórico (D2EHPA) e ácido O,O'-dibenzoil-(2R, 3R)-tartárico (L-(-)-DBTA) foi desenvolvido para a separação por extração do ácido mandélico racêmico (rac MA). Os efeitos de tempo de resolução, concentração de D2EHPA na fase orgânica, concentração de rac MA na fase doadora, velocidade de agitação e temperatura sobre a separação por extração foram estudados. Os resultados experimentais evidenciaram que o maior fator de separação (α) 2,74 e o valor do excesso enantiomérico (ee, %) 46,47% foram obtidos quando o tempo de resolução foi de aproximadamente 4 h, a razão de concentração molar de rac MA, D2EHPA e L-(-)-DBTA foi 0,05:0,2:0,3, a velocidade de agitação, 400 r min-1 e a temperatura, 35 ºC. O método desenvolvido é útil para a otimização do transporte de sistemas BLM e para a produção em grande escala de enantiômero puro.

A method of bulk liquid membrane (BLM) using complex of di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and O,O'-dibenzoyl-(2R, 3R)-tartaric acid (L-(-)-DBTA) was developed for the extractive resolution of racemic mandelic acid (rac MA). The effects of resolution time, concentration of D2EHPA in the organic phase, concentration of rac MA in the feed phase, stirring speed and temperature on extractive resolution were studied. The experimental results have shown that the greatest separation factor (α) 2.74 and the enantiomeric excess value (ee, %) 46.47% were obtained when the resolution time was about 4 h, the molar concentration ratio of rac MA, D2EHPA and L-(-)-DBTA 0.05:0.2:0.3, the stirring speed 400 r min-1 and the temperature 35 ºC. The developed method is helpful for optimizing the transport of BLM systems and for large-scale production of pure enantiomer.

2221 downloads

14.

Myeloperoxidase gene-463G > a polymorphism and premature coronary artery disease
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Zhong, Chen

; Quanzhong, Yin

; Genshan, Ma

; Hua, Zhang

; Ruolong, Zheng

; Jiahong, Wang

; Chunheng, Gao

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2009, Volume 32 N. 2 Pages 260 - 263

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

We investigated the association between myeloperoxidase gene -463G > A polymorphism and premature coronary artery disease (CAD) in two Chinese population samples: 229 patients and 230 controls. Genotypes were determined by ligase detection reaction-polymerase chain reaction sequencing and the grouping technique. We found lower frequencies of both the A/A genotype and the A allele in patients (p < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk of premature CAD in subjects carrying the AA genotype was reduced by 83% in relation to individuals carrying the G/G genotype (OR = 0.172, 95% CI: 0.057-0.526, p = 0.002). Our results indicate that -463G > A polymorphism of the myeloperoxidase gene is associated with premature CAD in Chinese individuals, suggesting that the AA genotype is a protective factor against premature CAD.

1836 downloads

15.

Performance and structure of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 prepared from various Ni precursors for lithium ion batteries
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Chen, Zhaoyong

; Ji, Shan

; Zhu, Huali

; Pasupathi, Sivakumar

; Bladergroen, Ben

; Linkov, Vladimir

South African Journal of Chemistry

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2008, Volume 61 Pages 157 - 161

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

LiNi0,5Mn1,5O4 compounds were prepared through a solid-state reaction using various Ni precursors. The effect of the precursors on the electrochemical performance of LiNi0,5Mn1,5O4 was investigated. LiNi0,5Mn1,5O4 made from Ni(NO3)2 ● 6H2O shows the best charge-discharge performance. The reversible capacity of LiNi0,5Mn1,5O4 is about 145 mA h g-1 and remained at 143 mA h g-1 after 10 cycles at 3.0 to 5.0 V. The XRD results showed that the precursors and dispersion method had significant effects on their structures. Pure spinel phase can be obtained with a high energy ball-milling method and Ni(NO3)2●6H2O as precursor. A trace amount of the NiO phase was detected in LiNi0,5Mn1,5O4 with the manual grinding method when Ni(CH3COO)2●6H2O, NiO and Ni2O3 were used as precursors.

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