Abstract Introduction Crohn’s disease (CD) is an inflammatory bowel disease, and in ~ 30% of cases it is associated with perianalmanifestations. To identify the extent of the damage and to implement an appropriate treatment, anorectal examination under anesthesia (EUA) is fundamental. Objective To describe the profile of patients who underwent anorectal EUA in university and private hospitals in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Methodology A retrospective, descriptive study with 46 patients who underwent anorectal EUA between March, 2016 and November, 2019. Results A total of 62 anorectal EUAs were performed in 46 patients. With an average age of 36.8 years, the female gender was predominant (52.2%) among these patients. Anal fistulas were the most frequent findings (83.8%), and in most cases they were treated with a seton placement (69.4%). The main recommended surgical indication was a proper evaluation and identification of perianal disease, followed by drainage of the abscess and therefore immunobiological therapy (59.6%). Conclusion In the present study, the profile of CD patients was similar to those found in the literature, with a high rate of complex anal fistulas. Additional studies are still necessary to further comprehend and treat this particular and debilitating manifestation of the disease.

O tumor de Buschke-Lowestein, também conhecido como condiloma acuminado gigante é uma lesão de aspecto verrucoso, extensa, envolvendo a região ano-genital. Não representa uma lesão maligna por critérios histológicos, embora exista claramente um potencial de malignização, e tenha um comportamento agressivo. Não existe um consenso sobre o seu tratamento, aventando-se o uso de drogas quimioterápicas aplicadas local ou sistematicamente, uso de imunoterapia, radioterapia e ressecções cirúrgicas amplas isoladas ou em combinação com outras terapias. Relatamos um caso onde a opção de tratamento foi o imiquimod creme 5%. A lesão envolvia musculatura esfincteriana e, sendo assim, a cirurgia acarretaria perda da continência fecal, causando ao paciente o ônus de um estoma definitivo. Após tratamento durante 20 semanas, o tumor apresentou regressão significativa de tamanho, sendo realizado excisão local da lesão residual com preservação esfincteriana.

Buschke-Lowestein tumor or giant condyloma acuminatum is a verrucous, large lesion in the anorectal and perianal regions. It is not a malignant lesion in histopathologic findings. However, there is a risk of malignancy and trends an aggressive behavior. There is not a gold standard therapy, with the use of topical or systemic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy and large surgical resections. These surgical resections can be doing alone or in combinations with others therapies (multimodality therapy). The authors describe a case that the treatment option was the imiquimod cream 5%. The lesion invades in the anal sphincters, so fecal incontinence will result after surgery and a colostomy was mandatory. After 20 weeks treatment, the tumor presented a great regression, and it was treated with local excision and avoided a mutilating procedure.