S.R.M. Coelho, S.H. Prudencio, D. Christ, S.C. Sampaio, and V. Schoeninger. 2013. Physico-chemical characterization of common beans under natural and accelerated storage conditions. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 629-636. The common bean is an important food in the human diet. Certain storage conditions, high temperatures and high humidity, cause a texture defect that reduces the acceptability of common beans. The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of storage on the physicochemical properties of common bean grains and the relationship between accelerated aging at 40 °C and 76% RH and storage under natural conditions. Two varieties of common beans (Iapar 81 - carioca variety and Iapar 44 - black variety) were stored at 40 °C and 76% RH for 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 days to accelerate aging. The same varieties were stored under environmental conditions (natural aging) for 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. For both storage conditions of each variety, fresh beans stored at 5 °C were used as a control group. In all of the samples, hardness, pH, acidity and the soluble protein percentage were analyzed. Both storage processes, in the natural and accelerated conditions, caused an increase in acidity (4.0 to 5.9 and 3.2 to 6.4 g acetic acid kg-1) and a decrease in cellular pH (6.65 to 6.45 and 6.65 to 6.45) and protein solubility (77 to 54 and 76 to 38%). The greatest percentage changes in the parameters of acidity, pH and soluble proteins were observed in the beans in the accelerated aging condition. Beans' hardness during storage has a negative correlation with pH, which shows that it is a good indicator of grain quality. Natural storage for one year is equivalent to accelerated aging for 45 days at 40 °C and 76% RH.

S.R.M. Coelho, S.H. Prudencio, D. Christ, S.C. Sampaio y V. Schoeninger. 2013. Caracterización físico-química de los granos de frijol común en condiciones de almacenamiento natural y acelerada. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 629-636. El frijol es un alimento importante en la dieta humana, cuyas condiciones de almacenamiento de alta temperatura y humedad provocan un defecto textural que reduce la aceptabilidad del frijol. El presente estudio tiene como objetivo evaluar el efecto de los métodos de almacenamiento a las propiedades fisicoquímicas de los granos de frijol común y la relación entre la aceleración del envejecimiento a 40 °C y 76% humedad relativa (HR) y el almacenamiento en condiciones naturales. Se almacenaron dos variedades de frijol común (IAPAR 81 - carioca variedad y IAPAR 44 - la variedad negro) a 40 °C y 76% HR durante 15, 30, 45, 60, 75 días de envejecimiento acelerado. Las mismas variedades fueron almacenadas bajo condiciones ambientales (envejecimiento natural) durante 3, 6, 9 y 12 meses. Para ambas condiciones de almacenamiento de cada variedad, se almacenaron granos nuevos a 5 °C, los que se consideraron como control. En todas las muestras, se analizó dureza, pH, acidez y porcentaje de proteína soluble. En ambos almacenamientos se observó un aumento de la acidez (4.0 a 5.9 y 3.2 a 6.4 g de ácido acético kg-1) y una reducción del pH celular (6.65 a 6.45 y 6.65 a 6.45) y solubilidad de la proteína (77 a 54 y 76 a 38%), para las condiciones naturales y acelerada, respectivamente. Los mayores cambios en los parámetros del porcentaje de acidez, pH y proteínas solubles se observaron en el frijol en el envejecimiento acelerado. La dureza de los granos durante el almacenamiento tiene una correlación negativa con el pH, lo que señala que este es un buen indicador de la calidad del grano. El almacenamiento natural de frijol durante un año corresponde al envejecimiento acelerado de 45 días a 40° C y 76% humedad relativa.

S.C. Wrublack, V.H.R. Prudente, E. Mercante, and S.R.M Coelho. 2013. Spatial distribution of Canola culture in the State of Paraná (Brazil) between the agricultural years of 2005 and 2009. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 513-521. There are a number of crops that are viable for small farms. To increase our knowledge of the occurrence of canola cultivation in the State of Paraná, the present study aimed to identify the areas sown with canola (ha) and to examine canola production (t) during the growing seasons of 2005 to 2009. The methodology involved a literature review and analysis of spatial data from the Secretaria da Agricultura e do Abastecimento do Paraná (SEAB/PR). We used the software ArcGis 9.3 for elaboration of thematic maps of variables as well as the free software GeoDa 0.9.5-i. The identification of spatial dependence was conducted through global univariate spatial autocorrelation using Moran's Index (I) statistic and, at a local level, using Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA). Spatial correlation was detected in the data on the area sown (ha) and production (t) for the canola crop. The results also indicated the possibility of expansion of cultivated areas in the State of Paraná, in addition to providing interesting options regarding the composition of systems of crop rotation and soil cover. The application of the spatial statistical area contributed to the recognition of the evolution of the canola crop in the State of Paraná, based on the spatialization of production and sown areas in its municipalities. It is evident that most municipalities show no significant pattern, demonstrating the potential for the expansion of sown areas in the State. For the High-High standard, it was noted that the municipalities were grouped mainly in the western and south-central State of Paraná.

S.C. Wrublack, V.H.R. Prudente, E. Mercante y S.R.M. Coelho. 2013. Distribución espacial del cultivo de canola en el Estado de Paraná (Brasil) entre los años agrícolas de 2005 a 2009. Cien. Inv. Agr. 40(3): 513-521. Hay varios cultivos viables para las pequeñas fincas. A fin de proporcionar un mayor conocimiento de la ocurrencia del cultivo de canola en el Estado de Paraná, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar la superficie sembrada (ha) y producción de canola (t) durante el período de 2005 a 2009. La metodología implicó en una revisión de literatura y análisis de datos espaciales del Secretaria da Agricultura e do Abastecimento do Paraná (SEAB/PR). Se utilizó el software ArcGIS 9.3 para la preparación de mapas temáticos de las variables y el software libre OpenGeoda 0.9.9.6. La identificación de la dependencia espacial se realizó a nivel global mediante la autocorrelación espacial univariado por intermedio de la estadística I de Moran y a nivel local por el indicador local de asociación espacial (LISA). Fue observada la existencia de correlación espacial en el área de datos sembrada (ha) y producción (t) con cultivo de canola. Los resultados también indican que el Estado de Paraná tiene un gran potencial para la expansión del cultivo, además de ser una opción interesante para componer sistemas de rotación de cultivos y la cobertura del suelo. La aplicación de la estadística espacial de área, contribuyó al reconocimiento de la evolución de los cultivos de canola en el Estado de Paraná, a través de la distribución espacial de la producción y de las superficies sembradas de los municipios. Es evidente un mayor número de municipios sin un patrón significativo, lo que demuestra el potencial de expansión de la superficie a sembrar en el Estado. En el estándar Alto-Alto, se observó que los municipios se agrupan principalmente en la región occidental y centro-sur del estado del Paraná.

Tunga penetrans rate of infestation in hooves of confined F1 Holstein-Zebu cows during the dry season was recorded. First parturition cows showed an infestation rate of 90.5% in the thorax and 96.9 in the pelvic members, second parturition cows showed an infestation rate of 95.3% in the thorax and 100% in the pelvic members while third parturition cows showed rate of infestation of 100% for both members.

Cerebral aspergillosis is a rare cause of brain expansive lesion in AIDS patients. We report the first culture-proven case of brain abscess due to Aspergillus fumigatus in a Brazilian AIDS patient. The patient, a 26 year-old male with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and history of pulmonary tuberculosis and cerebral toxoplasmosis, had fever, cough, dyspnea, and two episodes of seizures. The brain computerized tomography (CT) showed a bi-parietal and parasagittal hypodense lesion with peripheral enhancement, and significant mass effect. There was started anti-Toxoplasma treatment. Three weeks later, the patient presented mental confusion, and a new brain CT evidenced increase in the lesion. He underwent brain biopsy, draining 10 mL of purulent material. The direct mycological examination revealed septated and hyaline hyphae. There was started amphotericin B deoxycholate. The culture of the material demonstrated presence of the Aspergillus fumigatus. The following two months, the patient was submitted to three surgeries, with insertion of drainage catheter and administration of amphotericin B intralesional. Three months after hospital admission, his neurological condition suffered discrete changes. However, he died due to intrahospital pneumonia. Brain abscess caused by Aspergillus fumigatus must be considered in the differential diagnosis of the brain expansive lesions in AIDS patients in Brazil.

La aspergilosis cerebral es una causa rara de lesión expansiva cerebral en pacientes con SIDA. Presentamos el primer reporte de un absceso cerebral causado por Aspergillus fumigatus en un paciente brasileño con SIDA. El paciente, de 26 años de edad, presentaba antecedentes de infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), tuberculosis pulmonar y toxoplasmosis cerebral. Manifestó fiebre, tos, disnea y dos episódios de convulsiones. La tomografía computadorizada (TC) demostró una lesión hipodensa parasagital y bi-parietal con realce periférico e importante efecto de masa. Se inició tratamiento anti-Toxoplasma. Tres semanas después, el paciente evidenció confusión mental y una nueva TC de cráneo mostró aumento de la lesión. Se realizó biopsia cerebral con drenaje de 10 mL de material purulento. El examen micológico directo reveló hifas hialinas septadas. Se inició anfotericina B deoxicolato. La cultura del material demostró presencia de Aspergillus fumigatus. En los siguientes dos meses el paciente fue sometido a otras tres cirugías, insertándose un catéter de drenaje y administrándose anfotericina B intralesional. Tres meses después de la admisión hospitalaria, la condición neurológica del paciente sufrió discretos cambios. Sin embargo, falleció debido a neumonia intrahospitalaria. Aunque muy raros, los abscesos cerebrales causados por Aspergillus fumigatus deben ser considerados en el diagnóstico diferencial de las lesiones expansivas cerebrales en pacientes con SIDA.

Camundongos albinos não-isogênicos, normais ou infectados com 30 cercárias de Schistosoma mansoni (cepa LE) foram submetidos a hepatectomia parcial (65%) na fase aguda (70 dias) ou crônica (160 dias) da doença. Um grupo de animais infectados foi tratado, na fase aguda, com 400 mg/kg oxamniquine antes da hepatectomia. Animais não infectados, infectados e tratados mas não hepatectomizados, foram mantidos como controles. A regeneração hepática foi avaliada pela incorporação de timidina tritiada, injetada peritonealmente em animais hepatectomizados ou não, 24 horas após cirurgia. Os resultados mostraram que a remoção de 65% do parênquina hepático, na fase aguda, levou a um aumento estatisticamente significativo da incorporação de timidina, quando comparado com os animais controles (não infectados e hepatectomizados). Este fenômeno não foi observado na fase crônica. O tratamento com oxamniquina, administrado na fase aguda, levou a uma diminuição da taxa de incorporação de timidina, 160 dias após infecção (90 dias após tratamento) e 24 horas após hepatectomia. Os dados obtidos sugerem que a infecção com S. mansoni representa um estímulo considerável para a capacidade regeneradora do fígado na fase aguda, mas não na fase crônica da doença.

Outbred male albino mice normal or infected with 30 cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (LE strain) were submitted to 65% hepatectomy during the acute (70 days) and chronic phase (160 days) phases of the disease. A group of the infected animals was treated with 400 mg/kg of oxamniquine during the acute phase before hepatectomy. Non-infected, infected and treated but not hepatectomized animals were kept as controls. Hepatic regeneration was evaluated by incorporation of tritiated thymidine, intraperitoneally injected into non-hepatectomized and hepatectomized animals, 24 hours after surgery. The results showed that removal of 65% of the hepatic parenchyma, during the acute phase, led to a statistically significant increase of thymidine incorporation, when compared with the uninfected hepatectomized controls. This phenomenon was not observed at the chronic phase. Treatment with oxamniquine administered during the acute phase led to a decrease in thymidine incorporation rate 160 days after infection (90 days after treatment) and 24 hours after hepatectomy. The data suggest that infection with S. mansoni represents a considerable stimulus for the regenerative capacity of the liver during the acute, but not the chronic phase of disease.