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Toads of the Rhinella genus have a pair of paratoid glands that store biological secretions of high toxicity and varied chemical composition, rich in biologically active compounds. The present work aimed to carry out the investigation of the metabolomic profile and evaluation of the biological potential of the secretion paratoid glands (PGS) from Rhinella granulosa. The paratoid secretion was collected in the Piauí state (Brazil), extracted with methanol and the extract was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fifty chemical constituents were identified. The extract showed cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines of the central nervous system (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.9 µg mL-1) and prostate (IC50 = 1.6 µg mL-1), unsatisfactory antimicrobial potential (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 312 µg mL-1) and inhibited the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 5.119 mg mL-1). The results presented relevant information about the PGS and contributed to the understanding of the metabolomic and biological potential of R. granulosa.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20230052

Cross-cultural differences in beliefs about emotions: A comparison between Brazilian and British participants
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Fonseca, Rodrigo G.

; Marques, Pamela I. S.

; Costa, Fernanda F. da

; Landeira-Fernandez, Jesus

; Rimes, Katharine A.

; Mograbi, Daniel C.

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria

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2023, Volume 72 N. 3 Pages 152 - 158

Abstract: En Pt | Text: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Objective: Perfectionist beliefs about emotions impact the experience and expression of emotions, being linked to increased levels of depression and anxiety. Given the influence of culture in the representation and expression of emotion, it is possible that beliefs vary across countries, but few empirical studies have been conducted on the theme. This study aims to compare Brazilian and British samples regarding their beliefs about emotional experience and expression. Methods: The current study compared a total of 960 Brazilian and British participants, with the samples having a similar profile in terms of age, gender and ethnicity. Participants answered online the Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), and Beliefs about Emotions Scale (BES). This study aims to compare Brazilian and British samples with regard to beliefs about emotional experience and expression. Results: Significant differences between samples were found for beliefs about emotions. As hypothesized, Brazilians scored lower on unhelpful beliefs about emotions, except for beliefs about experiencing negative feelings and emotional control. Differences in total BES scores remained even after the inclusion of depression and anxiety as covariates. Conclusions: Results suggest higher endorsement of perfectionist beliefs in a European versus a Latin American context, but highlight that this pattern depends on the specific beliefs being studied. These differences should be considered when working with people from different cultural backgrounds and developing cultural adaptations for clinical interventions and psychopathology models.

RESUMO Objetivo: Crenças perfeccionistas sobre emoções afetam a experiência e expressão de emoções, estando relacionadas a níveis aumentados de depressão e ansiedade. Dada a influência da cultura na representação e expressão de emoções, é possível que as crenças variem entre os países, mas poucos estudos empíricos foram realizados sobre o tema. Este estudo tem o objetivo de comparar amostras brasileiras e britânicas em relação às suas crenças sobre a experiência emocional e expressão. Métodos: O presente estudo comparou um total de 960 participantes brasileiros e britânicos, com as amostras tendo um perfil semelhante em termos de idade, gênero e etnia. Os participantes responderam on-line à Escala de Ansiedade Generalizada (GAD-7), ao Questionário de Saúde do Paciente (PHQ-9) e à Escala de Crenças sobre Emoções (BES). Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre as amostras em relação às crenças sobre emoções. Como hipotetizado, os brasileiros obtiveram pontuações mais baixas em crenças prejudiciais sobre emoções, exceto nas crenças sobre experienciar sentimentos negativos e controle emocional. As diferenças nos escores totais da BES permaneceram mesmo após a inclusão de depressão e ansiedade como covariáveis. Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem maior endosso de crenças perfeccionistas em um contexto europeu, em comparação com um contexto latino-americano, mas destacam que esse padrão depende das crenças específicas estudadas. Essas diferenças devem ser consideradas ao trabalhar com pessoas de diferentes origens culturais e no desenvolvimento de adaptações culturais para intervenções clínicas e modelos de psicopatologia.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000423

Multidisciplinary Scientific Cruises for Environmental Characterization in the Santos Basin – Methods and Sampling Design
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Moreira, Daniel L.

; Dalto, Adriana G.

; Figueiredo JR, Alberto G.

; Valerio, Aline M.

; Detoni, Amalia M. S.

; Bonecker, Ana C. T.

; Signori, Camila N.

; Namiki, Cláudia

; Sasaki, Dalton K.

; Pupo, Daniel V.

; Silva, Danilo A.

; Kutner, Deborah S.

; Duque-Castaño, Diana C.

; Marcon, Eduardo H.

; Gallotta, Fabiana D. C.

; Paula, Fabiana S.

; Gallucci, Fabiane

; Roque, Gabriela C. F.

; Campos, Giulia S.

; Fonseca, Gustavo

; Mattos, Gustavo

; Lavrado, Helena P.

; Silveira, Ilson C. A. da

; Costa, Jessica O.

; Santos Filho, João R. dos

; Carneiro, Juliane C.

; Moreira, Julio C.F.

; Rozo, Laura

; Araujo, Leandro F.M.

; Lazzari, Letícia

; Silva, Letícia O. da

; Michelazzo, Luan S.

; Fernandes, Luciano F.

; Dottori, Marcelo

; Araújo Jr., Marcus A. G. de

; Chuqui, Mateus G.

; Ceccopieri, Milena

; Borges-Silva, Milton

; Kampel, Milton

; Bergo, Natascha M.

; Silva, Paulo V. M.

; Tura, Pedro M.

; Moura, Rafael B. de

; Romano, Renato G.

; Martins, Renato P.

; Carreira, Renato S.

; Toledo, Rodrigo G.A.

; Bonecker, Sérgio L.C.

; Disaró, Sibelle T.

; Rodrigues, Silvana V.

; Corbisier, Thais N.

; Vicente, Thaisa M.

; Paiva, Vitor G. de

; Pellizari, Vivian H.

; Belo, Wellington C.

; Brandini, Frederico P.

; Sousa, Silvia H.M

Ocean and Coastal Research

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2023, Volume 71 Suppl. 3 elocation e23022

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The Santos Basin (SB) is the main petroliferous basin in the Brazilian continental margin and one of the most studied marine areas in Brazil. However, historical data suggest that new efforts should be carried out to acquire quantitative biological data, especially in the deep sea, to establish the baseline of essential ocean variables in different ecosystems for future monitoring programs. The Brazilian energy company Petrobras planned and executed 24 oceanographic cruises over a period of 2 years to assess the benthic (SANSED cruise) and pelagic (SANAGU cruise) systems of the SB (356 days at sea in 2019 and 2021/2022). These efforts were part of the Santos Project, which comprised a comprehensive environmental study aimed at investigating benthic and pelagic variables to characterize ecology, biogeochemistry, thermohaline properties of water masses, and ocean circulation patterns, geomorphology, and sedimentology, as well as organic and inorganic chemistry. Here we present the detailed sampling designs and the field methods employed on board, during the SB scientific cruises. All sampling protocols were based on standardized approaches. For the benthos analyses, triplicate sediment samples were performed using a GOMEX-type box corer (0.25 m²) or a large modified Van Veen grab (0.75 m²) at 100 stations ranging from 25 to 2400 m depth. At each station, 25 geochemical and physico-chemical parameters were analyzed in addition to micro-, meio-, and macrofauna and living foraminifera samples. For the pelagic system, 60 stations were selected to investigate the plankton community, ranging in size from pico- to macroplankton, through vertical, horizontal, and oblique net hauls (20, 200, and 500 μm mesh size), as well as 25 biogeochemical parameters collected with an aid of a CTD-rosette sampler. Part of this scientific information also serves the Regional Environmental Characterization Project (PCR-BS) in support of Petrobras’ Santos Basin drilling licensing process led by the Brazilian Environmental Agency – IBAMA. This project contributes to the sustainable development of the SB, in line with the guidelines of the United Nations Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2675-2824071.22072dlm

CYP450 Metabolism of a Semisynthetic Naphthoquinone, an Anticancer Drug Candidate, by Human Liver Microsomes
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Costa, Edna M. A.

; Carrão, Daniel B.

; Bucci, Jade L. M.

; Oliveira, Anderson R. M.

; Machado, Tallita M.

; Ferreira, Vitor F.

; Lima, Émerson S.

; Vasconcellos, Marne C.

; Magalhães, Igor R. S.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2022, Volume 33 N. 10 Pages 1145 - 1153

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

CNFD (6b,7-dihydro-5H-cyclopenta[b]naphtho[2,1-d]furan-5,6(9aH)-dione) is a semisynthetic naphthoquinone derived from lawsone that has cytotoxic action in different tumor lines and anticancer activity in vivo. Therefore, this molecule is a relevant candidate for drug development, but there is still no information on its human metabolism and systemic elimination. This study aimed to investigate the in vitro metabolism of this naphthoquinone by human liver microsomes. Initially, in order to determine the in vitro enzymatic kinetic parameters, a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method to quantify the CNFD was developed and validated. In addition, the enzymatic kinetic data, the predicted pharmacokinetic in vivo parameters and the phenotyping study were presented. The main metabolism sites and metabolites have been suggested in silico. The developed HPLC method was linear, reproducible, selective, accurate, and stable. The enzymatic kinetic parameters revealed a sigmoidal profile. In vitro to in vivo extrapolation hepatic metabolic clearance was 10.39 mL min-1 kg-1 protein and the liver extraction rate was 51%. The clearance in vivo associated with a hepatic extraction ratio indicates that the hepatic metabolism is the main route of elimination. Although all cytochrome P450 enzymes evaluated metabolized CNFD, CYP2C9 and CYP3A4 showed higher metabolic capacity. For the first time, metabolism studies of CNFD were demonstrated.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20220034

Commercial fast-cooling programs for ‘Rosa’ mango: Impacts on fruit quality
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Ferreira, Iara J. S.

; Turco, Silvia H. N.

; Silva, Rodrigo T.

; Freitas, Sergio T. de

; Costa, Daniel dos S.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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aug 2022, Volume 26 N. 8 Pages 579 - 585

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar o impacto de programas comerciais de resfriamento rápido na qualidade físico-química de mangas ‘Rosa’. O estudo foi realizado em um packing house de mangas na região do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, PE, Brasil, entre Agosto e Outubro de 2018. O experimento seguiu um delineamento em blocos casualizados com três repetições e um palete por repetição. Os tratamentos foram organizados em esquema fatorial 2 × 2 × 3 (dois tempos de resfriamento rápido [120 e 240 min] × dois tempos de armazenamento x três posições no palete). Sessenta mangas foram distribuídas proporcionalmente em três camadas de diferentes alturas em cada um dos seis paletes. Três paletes foram submetidos ao resfriamento rápido por 120 min e outros três por 240 min. Todas as frutas foram armazenadas por 7 e 14 dias a 6 °C mais três dias de vida de prateleira a 20 °C. Independentemente do programa de resfriamento e da posição da fruta no palete, o tempo de resfriamento de sete oitavos (SECT) não foi alcançado. A acidez titulável do fruto com 240 min de resfriamento rápido diminuiu significativamente após 14 dias de armazenamento refrigerado. A perda de peso das frutas, a firmeza da polpa, a matéria seca e o teor de sólidos solúveis não foram afetados pelos programas de resfriamento rápido, tanto após o armazenamento quanto durante a vida de prateleira. O programa comercial de resfriamento rápido pode ser executado por 120 min.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify the impact of commercial fast-cooling programs on physicochemical quality of ‘Rosa’ mangoes. The study was carried out in a mango packing house in the São Francisco Valley region, Petrolina, PE, Brazil, between August and October 2018. The experiment followed a randomized block design, with three replicates and one pallet per replicate. The treatments were organized in a factorial scheme 2 × 2 × 3 (two fast-cooling times [120 and 240 min] × two storage times x three positions in the pallet). Sixty mangoes were proportionally distributed in three layers at different heights on each of the six pallets. Three pallets were subjected to fast cooling for 120 min and the other three for 240 min. All fruits were stored for 7 and 14 days at 6 °C plus three days of shelf-life at 20 °C. Regardless of cooling program and fruit position in the pallet, the seven-eighths cooling time (SECT) was not attained. The titratable acidity of fruits under 240-min fast cooling decreased significantly after 14 days of cold storage. Fruit weight loss, pulp firmness, dry matter, and soluble solids content were not affected by the fast-cooling programs, both after storage and during shelf-life period. Commercial fast-cooling program can be performed for 120 min.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n8p579-585

A qualidade do ambiente domiciliar influencia nas habilidades funcionais de crianças na primeiríssima infância?
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Lima, Mylena Francielle R.

; Costa, Lucas B.

; Pereira, Daniel Gonçalves

; Gomes, Wellington Fabiano

; Oliveira, Vinícius C.

; Morais, Rosane Luzia S.

Fisioterapia e Pesquisa

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aug 2022, Volume 29 N. 2 Pages 196 - 202

Abstract: Pt En Es | Text: Pt En Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Es

RESUMO A literatura extensamente associa o desenvolvimento infantil à qualidade da estimulação ambiental. Entretanto, são escassos os estudos que verificam se tal associação tem relação com as habilidades funcionais da criança. Este estudo tem por objetivo investigar quais oportunidades no ambiente domiciliar estão associadas e explicam às habilidades funcionais de mobilidade e função social de crianças na primeiríssima infância. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e exploratório feito com 74 crianças entre 6 e 18 meses. Para avaliar as oportunidades presentes no ambiente domiciliar, foi utilizado o instrumento affordances in the home environment motor development - infant scale. Para avaliar as habilidades funcionais das crianças, foi utilizado o inventário de avaliação pediátrica de incapacidade. Observou-se que a mobilidade das crianças pode ser explicada em 45,6% (R² ajustado=0,45) e a função social em 30% (R² ajustado=0,30) pela quantidade de brinquedos de motricidade grossa, pelos equipamentos e pela variedade de estimulação presente no ambiente domiciliar. Conclui-se que posições, brinquedos e materiais que mantêm a criança mais restrita e menos ativa exercem influência negativa. Por outro lado, brinquedos que oportunizam um maior deslocamento e interação favorecem as habilidades funcionais de mobilidade e função social.

ABSTRACT The literature associates child development with the quality of the environment stimulation. However, few studies verify if this is associated with the infant’s functional abilities. This study aims to assess which opportunities in the home environment are associated with functional mobility skills and social function of infants in early childhood and explain them. This is a cross-sectional and exploratory study with 74 infants aged from six to 18 months. The affordances in the home environment motor development - infant scale instrument was used to evaluate the opportunities in the home environment. The pediatric evaluation of disability inventory was used to assess the infants’ functional abilities. We observed that infants’ mobility can be explained in 45.6% (Adjusted R²=0.45) and social function in 30% (Adjusted R²=0.30) by the amount of gross motor skills toys, equipment and variety of stimulation in the home environment. We concluded that positions, toys, and materials that keep the infant more restricted and less active have a negative effect. On the other hand, toys that offer greater displacement and interaction favor the functional mobility skills and social function.

RESUMEN La literatura ha asociado ampliamente el desarrollo infantil con la calidad de la estimulación en el entorno. Sin embargo, pocos estudios han verificado si esta asociación está relacionada con las habilidades funcionales del niño. Este estudio tiene como objetivo analizar y explicar qué oportunidades en el entorno del hogar están asociadas con las habilidades funcionales de movilidad y función social de niños en la primera infancia. Se trata de un estudio transversal y exploratorio, realizado con 74 niños de los 6 a los 18 meses de edad. Para evaluar las oportunidades presentes en el entorno del hogar, se utilizó el instrumento affordances in the home environment motor development - infant scale. Para evaluar las habilidades funcionales de los niños, se utilizó el inventario para la evaluación pediátrica de la discapacidad. Se observó que la movilidad de los niños se puede explicar en un 45,6% (R² ajustado=0,45) y la función social en un 30% (R² ajustado=0,30) por la cantidad de juguetes de motricidad gruesa, equipos y por la variedad de estimulación presente en el entorno del hogar. Se concluye que las posiciones, juguetes y materiales que mantienen al niño más restringido y menos activo ejercen una influencia negativa. Por otro lado, los juguetes que aportan mayor movilidad e interacción favorecen las habilidades funcionales de movilidad y función social del niño.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-2950/21025429022022pt

DETERMINATION OF QUALITY AND RIPENING STAGES OF ‘PACOVAN’ BANANAS USING VIS-NIR SPECTROSCOPY AND MACHINE LEARNING
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Ferreira, Iara J. S.

; Almeida, Sarah L. F. de O.

; Figueiredo Neto, Acácio

; Costa, Daniel dos Santos

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volume 42 N. spe elocation e20210160

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT This paper aimed to develop predictive models to determine total soluble solids, firmness, and ripening stages of ‘Pacovan’ bananas, using Vis-NIR spectroscopy and machine learning algorithms. A total of 384 bananas were divided into different days of storage (0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 21 days) at two temperatures (25°C and 20°C). Bananas were subjected to spectral analysis using a spectrometer operating in spectral range of 350 – 2500 nm. Physicochemical parameters of quality, total soluble solids, and firmness were determined by reference analyses. Different machine learning algorithms were used to develop regression models and supervised classification. The best model for total soluble solids was the Random Forest with variable selection, showing an R2cv of 0.90 and RMSECV of 2.31. The best model for firmness was the Support Vector Machine with variable selection, showing an R2cv of 0.84 and RMSECV of 7.98. The best classification model for different ripening stages was the Multilayer Perceptron with variable selection, which achieved the precision of 74.22%. Therefore, Vis-NIR spectroscopy associated with machine learning algorithms is a promising tool for monitoring the quality and ripening stages of ‘Pacovan’ bananas.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42nepe20210160/2022

EFFECTS OF COMMERCIAL RAPID COOLING PROGRAMS ON ‘ROSA’ MANGO QUALITY
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Ferreira, Iara J. S.

; Turco, Silvia H. N.

; Silva, Rodrigo T.

; Freitas, Sergio T. de

; Costa, Daniel dos S.

Engenharia Agrícola

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2022, Volume 42 N. 3 elocation e20210126

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Mango quality is affected by thermal storage conditions. Therefore, it is important to use cooling techniques and their monitoring to maintain desirable properties in the fruit. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of commercial rapid cooling programs on the quality of ‘Rosa’ mango. Mangoes were distributed on different horizontal positions of six pallets. All pallets were put through two rapid cooling times, three pallets for 120 minutes and three pallets for 240 minutes. Subsequently, the fruits were stored in a cold chamber for 7 and 14 days, followed by an evaluation of shelf life for 3 days at 20°C. Experimental design was in randomized blocks with three replicates, with one pallet per replicate. The weight, pH, and skin color of the fruit were assessed. According to the results, fruits closer to the air inlet in the packages showed the highest cooling rates. After storage and shelf life, quality parameters were not significantly affected by the rapid cooling programs. In conclusion, the 120-minute program can be satisfactorily adopted for the rapid cooling process of the ‘Rosa’ mango, considering the reduction of energy costs and the reduction of the dwell time of the fruit in the cold chamber.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v42n3e20210126/2022

Effects of the use of synthetic astaxanthin in the feeding of Lophiosilurus alexandri, a neotropical siluriform fish
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COSTA, DANIEL P. DA

; SILVA, MÁRCIO JOSÉ S.

; GERALDI, RICARDO MARCELO

; LORENZINI, JOÃO PAULO

; MATTIOLI, CRISTIANO C.

; OLIVEIRA, AFONSO DE LIGUORI

; LUZ, RONALD K.

; MIRANDA-FILHO, KLEBER C.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Suppl. 4 elocation e20210434

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aiming to test the capacity of retention of carotenoids in tissues, Lophiosilurus alexandri juveniles were fed diets containing 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg of synthetic astaxanthin for 62 days. The inclusion of astaxanthin did not result in significant differences in growth, weight gain, apparent feed conversion, and feed efficiency of the fish. Blood biochemistry and liver histology did not change with the different treatments. At the level of 100 mg/kg of inclusion, there were the highest levels of carotenoids in the blood, and muscle and the smallest difference between the muscle x integument ratio.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220210434

10.

PREDICTIVE MODELS OF CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT IN SUGARCANE SEEDLINGS USING SPECTRAL IMAGES
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Oliveros, Nelson

; Tinini, Rodolpho

; Costa, Daniel dos S.

; Ramos, Rodrigo

; Wetterich, Caio

; Teruel, Bárbara

Engenharia Agrícola

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aug 2021, Volume 41 N. 4 Pages 475 - 484

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Chlorophyll content is a widely used parameter for nutritional status diagnosis in sugarcane. This study aimed to develop a predictive model of chlorophyll content in sugarcane seedlings using spectral imagery analysis within the electromagnetic spectrum visible range. The experiment was carried out in a split-plot design, with two fertilization rates and three sugarcane cultivars. For chlorophyll analysis, 144 leaves were collected from seedlings. Chlorophyll contents were extracted and measured by SPAD-502 meter. Spectral images within the range of 480 to 710 nm were analyzed using reflectance, absorbance (white source), and fluorescence (source at 405 and 470 nm) responses. Predictive models were developed using multivariate regression methods such as Principal Component Regression and Partial Least Squares Regression. We chose the best model through absorbance response using variable selection and the PLSR method (R2P = 0.718 and RMSEP = 7.665). The wavelengths of 480, 490, 500, 600, 630, and 640 nm were identified as the best for total chlorophyll content determination. The spectral image processing-based method can provide a chlorophyll measurement equivalent to SPAD, with the advantage of having a higher spatial coverage over the entire leaf area. Besides, it can also support automation of the chlorophyll measurement in greenhouses.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v41n4p475-484/2021 96 downloads

11.

Prevalence of dementia in long-term care institutions: a meta-analysis
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Fagundes, Daniel Ferreira

; Costa, Marcos Túlio

; Alves, Bárbara Bispo da Silva

; Benício, Maria Madalena Soares

; Vieira, Lanna Pinheiro

; Carneiro, Lara S. F.

; Nascimento, Osvaldo José Moreira

; Monteiro Junior, Renato Sobral

Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria

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mar 2021, Volume 70 N. 1 Pages 59 - 67

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática e metanálise objetiva estimar a prevalência de demência em instituições de longa permanência para idosos (ILPIs). Métodos: Utilizou-se o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Artigos originais transversais e longitudinais publicados até julho de 2020 foram elegíveis para esta revisão. As buscas foram conduzidas por meio das bases de dados do PubMed/MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus e Science Direct. A prevalência geral e o intervalo de confiança foram estimados. A heterogeneidade foi calculada de acordo com o índice de heterogeneidade (I2). Resultados: Cento e setenta e cinco estudos foram encontrados em todas as bases de dados e 19 estudos foram analisados, resultando em uma prevalência geral de idosos com demência de 53% (IC 46-59%; p < 0,01) que habitam em ILPIs. Conclusão: A prevalência de demência é maior em idosos moradores de ILPIs que em idosos da população geral. Tal dado mostra uma realidade preocupante e que precisa ser modificada. Há necessidade de melhor entendimento dos elementos que causam esse aumento de demência nas ILPIs para direcionar ações para melhorar a qualidade de vida e a saúde dos idosos institucionalizados.

ABSTRACT Objective: This study comprises a systematic review and meta-analysis that aimed to estimate the prevalence of dementia in long-term care institutions (LTCIs). Methods: We used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Original transversal and longitudinal articles published until July 2020 were eligible in this review. Databases PubMed/MedLine, Web of Science, Scopus and ScienceDirect were searched. Overall prevalence and confidence intervals were estimated. Heterogeneity was calculated according to the index of heterogeneity (I2). Results: One hundred seventy-five studies were found in all databases and 19 studies were meta-analyses, resulting in an overall prevalence of 53% (CI 46-59%; p < 0.01) of demented older adults living in LTCIs. Conclusion: Prevalence of dementia is higher in older adults living in LTCIs than those living in general communities. This data shows a worrying reality that needs to be changed. There is a need for a better understanding of the elements that cause this increase in dementia in LTCFs to direct actions to improve the quality of life and health of institutionalized elderly.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0047-2085000000298 1100 downloads

12.

COVID-19: The question of genetic diversity and therapeutic intervention approaches
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Figueiredo, David Livingstone Alves

; Ximenez, João Paulo Bianchi

; Seiva, Fábio Rodrigues Ferreira

; Panis, Carolina

; Bezerra, Rafael dos Santos

; Ferrasa, Adriano

; Cecchini, Alessandra Lourenço

; Medeiros, Alexandra Ivo de

; Almeida, Ana Marisa Fusco

; Ramão, Anelisa

; Boldt, Angelica Beate Winter

; Moya, Carla Fredrichsen

; Chin, Chung Man

; Paula, Daniel de

; Rech, Daniel

; Gradia, Daniela Fiori

; Malheiros, Danielle

; Venturini, Danielle

; Tavares, Eliandro Reis

; Carraro, Emerson

; Ribeiro, Enilze Maria de Souza Fonseca

; Pereira, Evani Marques

; Tuon, Felipe Francisco

; Follador, Franciele Aní Caovilla

; Fernandes, Glaura Scantamburlo Alves

; Volpato, Hélito

; Cólus, Ilce Mara de Syllos

; Oliveira, Jaqueline Carvalho de

; Rodrigues, Jean Henrique da Silva

; Santos, Jean Leandro dos

; Visentainer, Jeane Eliete Laguila

; Brandi, Juliana Cristina

; Serpeloni, Juliana Mara

; Bonini, Juliana Sartori

; Oliveira, Karen Brajão de

; Fiorentin, Karine

; Lucio, Léia Carolina

; Faccin-Galhardi, Ligia Carla

; Ferreto, Lirane Elize Defante

; Lioni, Lucy Megumi Yamauchi

; Consolaro, Marcia Edilaine Lopes

; Vicari, Marcelo Ricardo

; Arbex, Marcos Abdo

; Pileggi, Marcos

; Watanabe, Maria Angelica Ehara

; Costa, Maria Antônia Ramos

; Giannini, Maria José S. Mendes

; Amarante, Marla Karine

; Khalil, Najeh Maissar

; Lima Neto, Quirino Alves de

; Herai, Roberto H.

; Guembarovski, Roberta Losi

; Shinsato, Rogério N.

; Mainardes, Rubiana Mara

; Giuliatti, Silvana

; Yamada-Ogatta, Sueli Fumie

; Gerber, Viviane Knuppel de Quadros

; Pavanelli, Wander Rogério

; Silva, Weber Claudio da

; Petzl-Erler, Maria Luiza

; Valente, Valeria

; Soares, Christiane Pienna

; Cavalli, Luciane Regina

; Silva Jr, Wilson Araujo

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2021, Volume 44 N. 1 elocation e20200452

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is the largest pandemic in modern history with very high infection rates and considerable mortality. The disease, which emerged in China’s Wuhan province, had its first reported case on December 29, 2019, and spread rapidly worldwide. On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic and global health emergency. Since the outbreak, efforts to develop COVID-19 vaccines, engineer new drugs, and evaluate existing ones for drug repurposing have been intensively undertaken to find ways to control this pandemic. COVID-19 therapeutic strategies aim to impair molecular pathways involved in the virus entrance and replication or interfere in the patients’ overreaction and immunopathology. Moreover, nanotechnology could be an approach to boost the activity of new drugs. Several COVID-19 vaccine candidates have received emergency-use or full authorization in one or more countries, and others are being developed and tested. This review assesses the different strategies currently proposed to control COVID-19 and the issues or limitations imposed on some approaches by the human and viral genetic variability.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0452

13.

Calibration Strategies Applied to Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy: A Critical Review of Advances and Challenges
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Costa, Vinicius C.

; Babos, Diego V.

; Castro, Jeyne P.

; Andrade, Daniel F.

; Gamela, Raimundo R.

; Machado, Raquel C.

; Sperança, Marco A.

; Araújo, Alisson S.

; Garcia, José A.

; Pereira-Filho, Edenir R.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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dec 2020, Volume 31 N. 12 Pages 2439 - 2451

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Over the years, laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) has been reported in the literature as an alternative to traditional methods of analysis, becoming well established among spectroanalytical techniques. LIBS is a technique widely used for qualitative approaches; however, it is necessary considerable effort for use in quantitative analysis, mainly due to severe matrix effects. These limitations make it difficult to broaden the application of LIBS in quantitative analysis. In this sense, this review discusses recent advances in calibration strategies applied in LIBS for minimizing matrix effects and enabling determination with satisfactory accuracy and precision. Applications, advantages, and limitations of the calibration strategies, such as matrix-matching calibration (MMC), internal standardization (IS), standard addition (SA), multi-energy calibration (MEC), one-point gravimetric standard addition (OP GSA), one-point and multi-line calibration (OP MLC), slope ratio calibration (SRC), two-point calibration transfer (TP CT), single-sample calibration (SSC), multiple linear regression (MLR), principal component regression (PCR), partial least squares (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) are discussed.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200175 426 downloads

14.

ASARONE-DERIVED PHENYLPROPANOIDS AND ISOQUINOLINE-DERIVED ALKALOIDS FROM THE BARK OF Duguetia pycnastera (Annonaceae) AND THEIR CYTOTOXICITIES
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Souza, César A. S. de

; Nardelli, Victória B.

; Paz, Weider H. P.

; Pinheiro, Maria Lúcia B.

; Rodrigues, Ana Carolina B. da C.

; Bomfim, Larissa M.

; Soares, Milena B. P.

; Bezerra, Daniel P.

; Chaar, Jamal da S.

; Koolen, Hector H. F.

; Silva, Felipe M. A. da

; Costa, Emmanoel Vilaça

Química Nova

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dec 2020, Volume 43 N. 10 Pages 1397 - 1403

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The phytochemical investigation of the hexane and methanol extracts from the bark of Duguetia pycnastera Sandwith (Annonaceae) afforded seven known compounds, two asarone-derived phenylpropanoids and five isoquinoline-derived alkaloids. The asarones, γ-asarone (1-allyl-2,4,5-trimethoxybenzene) and 2,4,5-trimethoxy-styrene were isolated of the hexane extract while the aporphine alkaloids, O-methylmoschatoline, lysicamine, nornuciferidine, and guatterine N-oxide, and the benzyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloid, (S)-reticuline were isolated of the alkaloid fraction of the methanol extract. This is the first report of these compounds in D. pycnastera. γ-Asarone is being reported for the first time in the Annonaceae. Nornuciferidine is described for the second time in the Annonaceae while guatterine N-oxide is the third register. The structures of the isolated compounds were established by extensive analyses using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy in combination with MS. The cytotoxic activity of the isolated compounds (except for nornuciferidine) was evaluated against cancer and non-cancerous cell lines, in which lysicamine was the most active compound, mainly against HL-60, HepG2, and K562 with IC50 values of 24.40, 28.86 and 38.75 µmol L-1, respectively.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170617 256 downloads

15.

One-Step Isolation of Monoterpene Indole Alkaloids from Psychotria leiocarpa Leaves and Their Antiviral Activity on Dengue Virus Type-2
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Costa, Jéssica O.

; Barboza, Rodolfo S.

; Valente, Ligia M. M.

; Wolff, Thiago

; Gomes, Mário

; Gallo, Blanca

; Berrueta, Luis A.

; Guimarães-Andrade, Iris P.

; Gavino-Leopoldino, Daniel

; Assunção-Miranda, Iranaia

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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oct 2020, Volume 31 N. 10 Pages 2104 - 2113

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The leaf MeOH extract of Psychotria leiocarpa (Rubiaceae) showed in vitro non-cytotoxic and anti-dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV2) activity in human hepatocarcinoma cell lineage (HepG2). A one-step and cost-effective reversed-phase solid-phase extraction method based on high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) parameters allowed the isolation, directly from this bioactive extract, of the monoterpene indole alkaloids: N-glucopyranosyl vincosamide (1), vincosamide (2) and strictosidinic acid (3). The chemical structures were characterized based on 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV and high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS). The methodology has also allowed yielding a polyphenolic-rich fraction that was analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-MS/MS) revealing two flavonol triglycosides (4, 5) and three caffeoylquinic acid isomers (6-8). Compound 3 is reported for the first time in P. leiocarpa and all the phenolic compounds (4-8) are described for the first time in the genus Psychotria. Compounds 1-3 showed to be non-cytotoxic and anti-dengue active towards DENV2, highlighting vincosamide (2).

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200111 327 downloads

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