Abstract Covid-19 is a novel infectious disease whose spectrum of presentation ranges from absence of symptoms to widespread interstitial pneumonia associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), leading to significant mortality. Given the systemic pattern of Covid-19, there are many factors that can influence patient's functional capacity after acute infection and the identification of such factors can contribute to the development of specific rehabilitation strategies. Pulmonary impairment is the primary cause of hospitalization due to Covid-19, and can progress to SARS as well as increase length of hospitalization. Moreover, cardiac involvement is observed in approximately 30% of hospitalized patients, with an increased risk of acute myocarditis, myocardial injury, and heart failure, which may compromise functional capacity in the long-term. Thromboembolic complications have also been reported in some patients with Covid-19 and are associated with a poor prognosis. Musculoskeletal complications may result from long periods of hospitalization and immobility, and can include fatigue, muscle weakness and polyneuropathy. Studies that address the functional capacity of patients after Covid-19 infection are still scarce. However, based on knowledge from the multiple systemic complications associated with Covid-19, it is reasonable to suggest that most patients, especially those who underwent prolonged hospitalization, will need a multiprofessional rehabilitation program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the functional impact and the rehabilitation strategies for patients affected by Covid-19.

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Ultrasonography is currently used in investigating many vascular diseases, especially for guiding vascular access. OBJECTIVE: The objective here was to summarize the evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) on the effects of ultrasound-guided vascular access as an intervention approach. DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of SRs, conducted in the Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery of Universidade Federal de São Paulo. METHODS: A broad search was conducted in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews to retrieve any Cochrane SRs that assessed the effects of ultrasound guidance as a therapeutic approach towards performing any vascular access. The key characteristics and results of all the reviews included were summarized and discussed. RESULTS: Three SRs on venous access at all ages and one review on arterial access in pediatric participants were included. There was low to moderate certainty of evidence that ultrasound increased the success rate from the first puncture and the overall success rate of the procedure; and reduced the total rate of perioperative and postoperative adverse events, number of punctures, time needed to achieve success and rate of failure to place catheters. CONCLUSION: Evidence of low to moderate quality showed that ultrasound-guided vascular access seems to reduce the total rate of perioperative and postoperative complications/adverse effects, number of punctures, time needed to achieve success and rate of failure to perform venous catheterization in adults and arterial punctures in children. There is a lack of information regarding ultrasound-guided arterial puncture in adults. Further studies are still imperative for reaching solid conclusions, especially regarding arterial ultrasound-guided access.

Acacia mangium e Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia são fabáceas lenhosas de rápido crescimento cuja tolerância à toxidez por arsênio (As) deve ser estudada para avaliação do potencial de fitorremediação. Assim, este experimento, conduzido em casa de vegetação, objetivou avaliar sintomas de toxidez por As em A. mangium e M. caesalpiniaefolia. Plantas seminais de A. mangium e M. caesalpiniaefolia foram cultivadas por 120 d em uma mistura de Latossolo Vermelho e areia, contaminadas com 0, 50, 100, 200 e 400 mg kg-1 de As. Utilizaram-se quatro repetições distribuídas em quatro blocos casualizados. Foram avaliados os sintomas visíveis de toxidez, a produção de matéria seca, a relação raiz/parte aérea, a anatomia radicular e o acúmulo de As. As análises de variância e de regressão evidenciaram que o crescimento das plantas foi prejudicado pelo As, excedendo 80 % de redução da produção de matéria seca na maior dose. A relação raiz/parte aérea aumentou com a adição de As. Plantas de M. caesalpiniaefolia manifestaram clorose esbranquiçada sob 400 mg kg-1 de As. A anatomia radicular das espécies foi alterada, observando-se células colapsadas, morte de primórdios radiculares e acúmulo de compostos fenólicos. A concentração de As nas raízes foi dezenas de vezes superior à concentração na parte área, excedendo 150 e 350 mg kg-1 na M. caesalpiniaefolia e na A. mangium, respectivamente. Essas espécies apresentaram potencial para fitoestabilização de áreas contaminadas com As, porém devem ser adotadas medidas para promover seu crescimento nesses locais.

Acacia mangium and Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia are fast-growing woody fabaceous species that might be suitable for phytoremediation of arsenic (As)-contaminated sites. To date, few studies on their tolerance to As toxicity have been published. Therefore, this study assessed As toxicity symptoms in A. mangium and M. caesalpiniaefolia seedlings under As stress in a greenhouse. Seedlings of Acacia mangium and M. caesalpiniaefolia were grown for 120 d in an Oxisol-sand mixture with 0, 50, 100, 200, and 400 mg kg-1 As, in four replications in four randomized blocks. The plants were assessed for visible toxicity symptoms, dry matter production, shoot/root ratio, root anatomy and As uptake. Analyses of variance and regression showed that the growth of A. mangium and M. caesalpiniaefolia was severely hindered by As, with a reduction in dry matter production of more than 80 % at the highest As rate. The root/shoot ratio increased with increasing As rates. At a rate of 400 mg kg-1 As, whitish chlorosis appeared on Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia seedlings. The root anatomy of both species was altered, resulting in cell collapse, death of root buds and accumulation of phenolic compounds. Arsenic concentration was several times greater in roots than in shoots, with more than 150 and 350 mg kg-1 in M. caesalpiniaefolia and A. mangium roots, respectively. These species could be suitable for phytostabilization of As-contaminated sites, but growth-stimulating measures should be used.

OBJETIVO: Desenvolvimento de um protótipo para gerenciamento de dados de cirurgia coloproctológica, visando à Qualidade de Dados (QD), e a adoção de um processo de monitoramento da QD, inexistente na maioria dos sistemas biomédicos. MÉTODOS: A construção do protótipo foi dividida em cinco etapas: análise de um sistema existente (legado), levantamento dos requisitos para o novo protótipo, elaboração de modelos, definição das tecnologias e desenvolvimento do protótipo. RESULTADOS: A análise do sistema legado revelou diversas limitações e inconsistências que podem resultar em problemas de QD. Sendo assim, medidas para prevenir esses problemas estão sendo adotadas, já na etapa do desenvolvimento do protótipo, como a criação de interfaces mais elaboradas e interativas, a utilização de mecanismos de validação dos campos de dados e a proposta de um processo para monitoramento das inconsistências e incompletudes dos dados dos pacientes. CONCLUSÃO: A adoção de medidas de QD no desenvolvimento de sistemas resulta na construção de uma base de dados confiável e consistente, contribuindo com as tarefas de gerenciamento, pesquisas científicas e futuras aplicações de métodos de análise inteligente de dados. Trabalhos futuros incluem avaliações subjetivas de QD que indiquem o nível de adequação do protótipo às necessidades dos usuários.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a prototype system to manage data on coloproctology surgery, aiming at Data Quality (DQ) and the adoption of a DQ monitoring process, which is nonexistent in most biomedical systems. METHODS: The construction of the prototype was separated into five steps: analysis of an existing system (legacy), the analysis of requirements and specifications for the new prototype, the development of the model, definition of technologies and the development of a prototype. RESULTS: The analysis of the legacy system revealed several limitations and inconsistencies, which can result in problems concerning the DQ. Therefore, actions to prevent these problems are already being executed at the step of developing the prototype, such as the creation of interactive and more elaborate interfaces, the use of validation mechanisms on data fields and the proposal of a process to monitor inconsistencies and incompleteness in patients' data. CONCLUSION: The adoption of DQ mechanisms on system development results in building a reliable and consistent database, to assist tasks such as management, scientific research and future intelligent data analysis methods. Future work includes subjective evaluations of DQ indicating the adequacy of the prototype for the users' needs.

OBJETIVO: desenvolvimento de um protótipo de sistema de cadastro e controle de protocolos de Câncer Colorretal, com a finalidade de armazenar um conjunto abrangente de dados de forma estruturada para posterior aplicação de métodos de análise inteligente de dados. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: o protótipo foi construído em cinco etapas: análise do domínio de Câncer Colorretal, definição de requisitos básicos (operacionais e informacionais), projeto do sistema, construção do sistema usando tecnologias open source e avaliação do sistema com o apoio de especialistas. RESULTADOS E DISCUSSÃO: durante o desenvolvimento, o protótipo foi avaliado por especialistas quanto à estrutura do conjunto de dados, à coerência de organização das informações, à validade das funcionalidades implementadas e ao atendimento aos requisitos básicos definidos. CONCLUSÃO: de acordo com os especialistas usuários, o desenvolvimento do protótipo completou a primeira etapa do projeto de desenvolvimento de um sistema em nível de 100% de satisfação e, atualmente, está sendo aplicado em cadastros de dados reais. Na próxima etapa será consolidado e implantado o sistema completo, atendendo a requisitos de segurança com suporte a multiusuários

OBJECTIVE: to develop a prototype of a Colorectal Cancer records management system, aiming to store an embracing structured dataset for later application of intelligent data analysis methods. MATERIAL AND METHOD: the prototype was developed in five stages: Colorectal Cancer domain analysis, definition of basic requirements (operational and informational), system design, system construction using open source technologies and system evaluation supported by domain experts. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: during development, the prototype dataset structure, coherence of information structure, validity of functions implemented and the attendance to the basic requirements define, were evaluated by domain experts. CONCLUSION: according to the experts evaluation, the prototype development completed the first stage of the project of developing the system with a 100% satisfaction rate and is now being used into recording real data. In the next stage it will be finished and deployed the complete system, attending to security requirements and multiuser support