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BACKGROUND Dengue is a disease caused by dengue virus (DENV-1 through -4). Among the four serotypes, DENV-4 remains the least studied. Acute kidney injury is a potential complication of dengue generally associated with severe dengue infection. OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to investigate the alterations caused by experimental dengue infection in the kidney of adult BALB/c mice. METHODS In this study, BALB/c mice were infected through the intravenous route with a DENV-4 strain, isolated from a human patient. The kidneys of the mice were procured and subject to histopathological and ultrastructural analysis. FINDINGS The presence of the viral antigen was confirmed through immunohistochemistry. Analysis of tissue sections revealed the presence of inflammatory cell infiltrate throughout the parenchyma. Glomerular enlargement was a common find. Necrosis of tubular cells and haemorrhage were also observed. Analysis of the kidney on a transmission electron microscope allowed a closer look into the necrotic tubular cells, which presented nuclei with condensed chromatin, and loss of cytoplasm. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Even though the kidney is probably not a primary target of dengue infection in mice, the inoculation of the virus in the blood appears to damage the renal tissue through local inflammation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760220255

Mercury in muscle and liver of Plagioscion squamosissimus (Acanthuriformes: Sciaenidae) from the Machado River, Brazilian Amazon
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COSTA, Igor David da

; NASCIMENTO, Elisabete Lourdes do

; FACCHETI, Missilene Silva de Almeida

; NUNES, Natalia Neto dos Santos

; GOMES, João Paulo de Oliveira

; ALMEIDA, Ronaldo de

; BASTOS, Wanderley Rodrigues

Acta Amazonica

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jan 2022, Volume 52 N. 1 Pages 60 - 68

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O Rio Machado é o principal afluente do Rio Madeira no estado de Rondônia, uma região impactada por desmatamento, pecuária, desenvolvimento urbano, mineração de ouro e efluentes urbanos e industriais, que provavelmente contribuem para a introdução de mercúrio (Hg) no sistema aquático. Nosso objetivo foi determinar as concentrações de Hg total (THg) em músculo e fígado de Plagioscion squamosissimus, um importante recurso pesqueiro na região. Os peixes foram amostrados durante dois anos em cinco locais ao longo de 90 km no médio Rio Machado. As concentrações de THg foram analisadas em 64 amostras de músculos e 54 de fígado por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica com vapor frio (FIMS-400). As concentrações de mercúrio foram relacionadas ao tamanho e sexo dos peixes, e com períodos do ciclo hidrológico. As concentrações de THg em ambos os órgãos foram relacionadas positiva e significativamente com o tamanho corporal dos peixes. Não houve variação significativa do THg entre os períodos do ciclo hidrológico. As concentrações médias de THg no músculo (1,09 ± 0,72 mg kg-1) e no fígado (1,28 ± 1,23 mg kg-1) foram superiores ao limite estabelecido pela OMS. Os resultados sugerem que o mercúrio residual da extração de ouro e lixiviação de mercúrio que ocorre naturalmente no solo desmatado está se acumulando na cadeia alimentar aquática do Rio Machado. Concluímos que é necessário monitorar os níveis de mercúrio em espécies de peixes comerciais na região.

ABSTRACT The Machado River is the main tributary of the Madeira River in the state of Rondônia, a region that has been impacted by deforestation, livestock, urban development, alluvial gold mining and urban and industrial effluents that likely contribute to the introduction of mercury (Hg) in the aquatic system. We aimed to determine the concentrations of total Hg (THg) in muscle and liver of Plagioscion squamosissimus, a main fishing resource in the region. Fish were sampled for two years at five sites, along a 90-km stretch of the middle Machado River. THg concentrations were analyzed in 64 muscle and 54 liver samples by cold vapor atomic absorption spectrophotometry (FIMS-400). THg levels were related with fish size and sex and with periods of the hydrological cycle. THg concentrations in both organs were positively and significantly related with fish body size. There was no significant variation in THg among periods of the hydrological cycle. Mean THg concentrations in muscle (1.09 ± 0.72 mg kg-1) and liver (1.28 ± 1.23 mg kg-1) were higher than the limit established by the WHO. Our results suggest that residual mercury from former alluvial gold extraction and lixiviation of mercury naturally occurring in the soil due to large-scale deforestaion is accumulating in the aquatic food chain in the Machado River. We conclude that it is necessary to monitor the levels of mercury in commercially important fish species in the region.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4392202001032

Quality of corn grains subjected to drying using direct-fired furnace fed with eucalyptus chips and firewood
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RESENDE, Osvaldo

; COSTA, Eduarda Ribeiro

; QUEQUETO, Wellytton Darci

; COSTA, Lilian Moreira

; OLIVEIRA, Daniel Emanuel Cabral de

; TFOUNI, Silvia Amelia Verdiani

; GOMES, Fernanda Moralez Leme

; QUIRINO, José Ronaldo

; LIMA, Rayr Rodrigues de

Food Science and Technology

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2022, Volume 42 elocation e55820

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the drying system using a dryer with furnace automatically fed with eucalyptus chips and another dryer manually fed with eucalyptus firewood, as well as assessing the quality of corn grains. Harvest was mechanically performed and the grains were transported by trucks to the storage unit for drying. Corn grain drying was conducted in mixed-flow dryers with a nominal capacity of 100 tons per hour. For air heating, two direct-fired furnaces were used, one automatically fed with eucalyptus chips and the other manually fed with firewood. Corn grains were evaluated for moisture content, apparent specific mass, thousand-grain weight, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), electrical conductivity and color. Drying corn grains with direct fire using firewood or chips as fuel causes contamination by PAHs. In general, the use of firewood or chips did not influence the quality of thousand-grain weight, apparent specific mass and color, while the use of chips increased electrical conductivity. It is essential that research advances in this subject, prioritizing the contamination of food, with proven carcinogenic activity, which should be treated as a high risk to public health.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.55820

Recommendations by the Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and the Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) on vaccination in general and specifically against SARS-CoV-2 for patients with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system
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Becker, Jefferson

; Ferreira, Lis Campos

; Damasceno, Alfredo

; Bichuetti, Denis Bernardi

; Christo, Paulo Pereira

; Callegaro, Dagoberto

; Peixoto, Marco Aurélio Lana

; Sousa, Nise Alessandra De Carvalho

; Almeida, Sérgio Monteiro De

; Adoni, Tarso

; Santiago-Amaral, Juliana

; Junqueira, Thiago

; Pereira, Samira Luisa Apóstolos

; Gomes, Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvão Ribeiro

; Pitombeira, Milena

; Paolilo, Renata Barbosa

; Grzesiuk, Anderson Kuntz

; Piccolo, Ana Claudia

; D´Almeida, José Arthur Costa

; Gomes Neto, Antonio Pereira

; Oliveira, Augusto Cesar Penalva De

; Oliveira, Bianca Santos De

; Tauil, Carlos Bernardo

; Vasconcelos, Claudia Ferreira

; Kaimen-Maciel, Damacio

; Varela, Daniel

; Diniz, Denise Sisterolli

; Oliveira, Enedina Maria Lobato De

; Malfetano, Fabiola Rachid

; Borges, Fernando Elias

; Figueira, Fernando Faria Andrade

; Gondim, Francisco De Assis Aquino

; Passos, Giordani Rodrigues Dos

; Silva, Guilherme Diogo

; Olival, Guilherme Sciascia Do

; Santos, Gutemberg Augusto Cruz Dos

; Ruocco, Heloisa Helena

; Sato, Henry Koiti

; Soares Neto, Herval Ribeiro

; Cortoni Calia, Leandro

; Gonçalves, Marcus Vinícius Magno

; Vecino, Maria Cecilia Aragón De

; Pimentel, Maria Lucia Vellutini

; Ribeiro, Marlise De Castro

; Boaventura, Mateus

; Parolin, Mônica Koncke Fiuza

; Melo, Renata Brant De Souza

; Lázaro, Robson

; Thomaz, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Kleinpaul, Rodrigo

; Dias, Ronaldo Maciel

; Gomes, Sidney

; Lucatto, Simone Abrante

; Alves-Leon, Soniza Vieira

; Fukuda, Thiago

; Ribeiro, Taysa Alexandrino Gonsalves Jubé

; Winckler, Thereza Cristina D’ávila

; Fragoso, Yara Dadalti

; Nascimento, Osvaldo José Moreira Do

; Ferreira, Maria Lucia Brito

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Brum, Doralina Guimarães

; Glehn, Felipe Von

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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nov 2021, Volume 79 N. 11 Pages 1049 - 1061

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O DC de Neuroimunologia da ABN e o BCTRIMS trazem, nesse documento, as recomendações sobre vacinação da população com doenças desmielinizantes do sistema nervoso central (SNC) contra infecções em geral e contra o coronavírus da síndrome respiratória aguda grave 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causador da COVID-19. Destaca-se a gravidade do atual momento frente ao avanço da COVID-19 em nosso País, o que torna mais evidente e importante a criação de guia de referência para orientação aos médicos, pacientes e autoridades de saúde pública quanto à vacinação, meio efetivo e seguro no controle de determinadas doenças infecciosa. O DCNI/ABN e o BCTRIMS recomendam que os pacientes com doenças desmielinizantes do SNC (ex., EM e NMOSD) sejam constantemente monitorados, quanto a atualização do seu calendário vacinal, especialmente, no início ou antes da mudança do tratamento com uma droga modificadora de doença (DMD). É importante também salientar que as vacinas são seguras e os médicos devem estimular o seu uso em todos os pacientes. Evidentemente, deve ser dada especial atenção às vacinas com vírus vivos atenuados. Por fim, é importante que os médicos verifiquem qual DMD o paciente está em uso e quando foi feita a sua última dose, pois cada fármaco pode interagir de forma diferente com a indução da resposta imune.

ABSTRACT The Scientific Department of Neuroimmunology of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology (DCNI/ABN) and Brazilian Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunological Diseases (BCTRIMS) provide recommendations in this document for vaccination of the population with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) against infections in general and against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. We emphasize the seriousness of the current situation in view of the spread of COVID-19 in our country. Therefore, reference guides on vaccination for clinicians, patients, and public health authorities are particularly important to prevent some infectious diseases. The DCNI/ABN and BCTRIMS recommend that patients with CNS demyelinating diseases (e.g., MS and NMOSD) be continually monitored for updates to their vaccination schedule, especially at the beginning or before a change in treatment with a disease modifying drug (DMD). It is also important to note that vaccines are safe, and physicians should encourage their use in all patients. Clearly, special care should be taken when live attenuated viruses are involved. Finally, it is important for physicians to verify which DMD the patient is receiving and when the last dose was taken, as each drug may affect the induction of immune response differently.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2021-0162 1 downloads

Relações de poder entre profissionais e usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde: implicações para o cuidado em saúde mental
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Caminha, Emília Cristina Carvalho Rocha

; Jorge, Maria Salete Bessa

; Pires, Ronaldo Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Rebeka Rafaella Saraiva

; Costa, Lourdes Suelen Pontes

; Lemos, Aline Mesquita

; Costa, Juliana Pessoa

Saúde em Debate

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mar 2021, Volume 45 N. 128 Pages 81 - 90

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Estudo de natureza qualitativa, cujo objetivo foi analisar as implicações das relações de poder entre profissionais e usuários no cuidado produzido em saúde mental no contexto da Atenção Primária em Saúde (APS). Uma Unidade de Atenção Primária em Saúde (Uaps) da cidade de Fortaleza foi escolhida como cenário desta investigação. A coleta das informações se deu no período de novembro de 2019 a janeiro de 2020, e participaram do estudo 10 pessoas, sendo cinco profissionais e cinco usuários. A compreensão do fenômeno se deu à luz da hermenêutica crítica, e as seguintes unidades temáticas emergiram: ‘a relação usuário- profissional como um exercício de dominação’ e ‘a medicalização como produto da hegemonia do poder biomédico’. Os resultados demonstram a singularidade do poder latente nas relações assimétricas concebidas no âmbito dos serviços de saúde, que repercutem na limitação do acesso, na medicamentalização e em dificuldades na resolução das demandas. Assim, é preciso atentar para a horizontalidade das relações como processo fundamental na produção do cuidado em saúde mental.

ABSTRACT Qualitative study with the aim of analyzing the implications of power relationships between professionals and users in the care produced in mental health in the context of Primary Health Care (PHC). A Primary Health Care Unit (PHCU) in the city of Fortaleza was chosen as the setting for this investigation. The collection of information took place from November 2019 to January 2020, and 10 people participated in the study, five professionals and five users. The phenomenon was understood in the light of critical hermeneutics and the following thematic units emerged: ‘the user-professional relationship as an exercise in domination’ and ‘medicalization as a product of the hegemony of biomedical power’. The results demonstrate the uniqueness of the latent power in the asymmetric relationships conceived in the scope of health services, which impact on the limitation of access, on medication, and difficulties in solving the demands. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to the horizontality of the relationships as a fundamental process in the production of mental health care.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202112806 201 downloads

Relações de poder entre profissionais e usuários da Atenção Primária à Saúde: implicações para o cuidado em saúde mental
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Caminha, Emília Cristina Carvalho Rocha

; Jorge, Maria Salete Bessa

; Pires, Ronaldo Rodrigues

; Carvalho, Rebeka Rafaella Saraiva

; Costa, Lourdes Suelen Pontes

; Lemos, Aline Mesquita

; Costa, Juliana Pessoa

Saúde em Debate

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mar 2021, Volume 45 N. 128 Pages 81 - 90

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-1104202112806

Current status of research regarding Blastocystis sp., an enigmatic protist, in Brazil
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Melo, Gessica Baptista de

; Bosqui, Larissa Rodrigues

; Costa, Idessania Nazareth da

; Paula, Fabiana Martins de

; Gryschek, Ronaldo Cesar Borges

Clinics

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2021, Volume 76 elocation e2489

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

The present study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Blastocystis sp. in Brazilian studies over a period of years (2000-2020), as well as point out relevant aspects of this enigmatic organism. We performed a literature search using six sources of international databases. The data were divided into diagnostic by parasitological and molecular techniques, and relevant aspects. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 52 studies were included in the final analysis. The occurrence of Blastocystis sp. in Brazil ranged from 0.5% to 86.6%, as determined using parasitological techniques. The highest occurrence was in the North (27.3%) and the lowest, in the Midwest region (13.4%). In Brazil, most studies have employed molecular techniques and are concentrated in the Southeast region. The Blastocystis sp. subtype ST3 had the highest average positivity, followed by ST1 and ST2. These findings represent a panorama that reflects the reality of Brazil; thus, we believe that the effectiveness of parasitological diagnosis should be considered with regard to making an appropriate choice of technique for detecting Blastocystis sp. Additionally, we emphasize the importance of further studies in the context of molecular epidemiology with regard to this genus. Blastocystis sp. is not well understood yet, and very little information regarding this genus is available; hence, further research regarding this genus is urgently needed.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2021/e2489 240 downloads

Predicting the carcass characteristics of Morada Nova lambs using biometric measurements
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Costa, Roberto Germano

; Lima, Anny Graycy Vasconcelos de Oliveira

; Ribeiro, Neila Lidiany

; Medeiros, Ariosvaldo Nunes de

; Medeiros, Geovergue Rodrigues de

; Gonzaga Neto, Severino

; Oliveira, Ronaldo Lopes

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia

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2020, Volume 49 elocation e20190179

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to use biometric measurements to predict carcass characteristics of lambs of the Morada Nova breed. We used 48 lambs with mean initial body weight (BW) of 15.0±0.04 kg and slaughter body weight (SBW) of 26.37±2.43 kg. The animals were weighed weekly and underwent a period of adaptation of 15 days before slaughter. The biometric measurements were obtained the day before slaughter, comprising body length, withers height, rump height, thigh length, breast width, rump width, thigh perimeter, rump perimeter, thorax perimeter, leg length, and body condition score. Additional measurements included slaughter BW and empty BW (EBW). The data recorded at slaughter comprised the weights of the viscera, carcass, and internal fat and offal. The in vivo measurements of body length were present in most of the equations for predicting the SBW, EBW, hot carcass weight (HCW), and cold carcass weight (CCW). The SBW and EBW presented a variation of approximately 9%. The variables that evaluated the carcass, HCW, and CCW demonstrated less data variation than SBW and EBW, which was probably because these measurements were obtained following evisceration and skinning, thus removing factors of more significant variation in vivo . The prediction models found in the present study varied with an R² of 0.49-0.93, indicating high levels of variation. In sum, biometric measurements can be used to predict the carcass characteristics of Morada Nova lambs with different body conditions.

https://doi.org/10.37496/rbz4920190179 217 downloads

Preliminary observations on the patterns of co-occurrence of Black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) larvae and some of their potential macroinvertebrate predators
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Figueiró, Ronaldo

; Santos, Suzana Silva dos

; Docile, Tatiana Nascimento

; Costa, Tayanna Rodrigues da

; Ferreira, Christina de Albuquerque

; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo Henrique

Revista Brasileira de Entomologia

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2020, Volume 64 N. 3 elocation e20200046

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Biotic factors such as predation, although important drivers of the black fly community, are rarely investigated in the literature. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the patterns of co-occurrence of black fly larvae and its potential predators is not random and that there is a correlation between its frequencies and Simuliidae larvae abundances. Larvae were sampled from two localities in the Pedra Branca State Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, during the dry season in june 2018. We collected Simulium pertinax Kollar, 1832, Simulium subpallidum Lutz, 1910, Simulium (Inaequalium) sp., Simulium (Psaroniocompsa) sp. and Simulium (Trichodagmia) sp. The predators families present were Perlidae, Hydropsychidae, Leptoceridae, Libellulidae and Chironomidae. The null models showed that species co-occurred significantly more than expected by chance. The canonical correlation analyses for the Vargem Grande and Pau da Fome areas area showed a significant relationship between black fly abundances and predator abundances. In Vargem Grande the abundance of Chironomidae showed a highly significant positive correlation to S. (Psaroniocompsa) sp., while Hydropsychidae was significantly correlated to Simulium sp. On the other hand, in Pau da Fome Libellulidae was significantly correlated to S. (Psaroniocompsa) sp. and Simulium sp. and Chironomidae correlated significantly to Simulium sp. The result is consistent with what would be expected of organisms that exercise mutual population regulation, although other factors than biotic interactions may be causing these patterns. However the lack of mechanistic evidences on the effect of biotic interactions on black fly populations pose a challenge on the understanding of these patterns.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9665-rbent-2020-0046 898 downloads

10.

Freshwater fishes of the Bahia State, Northeastern Brazil
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Silva, André Teixeira

; Chagas, Ricardo Jucá

; Santos, Alexandre Clistenes de Alcântara

; Zanata, Angela Maria

; Rodrigues, Beatriz Kawamura

; Polaz, Carla Natacha Marcolino

; Alves, Carlos Bernardo Mascarenhas

; Vieira, Cristiana Souza

; Souza, Fabiane Barreto

; Vieira, Fábio

; Sampaio, Francisco Alexandre Costa

; Ferreira, Harildon

; Alves, Hilda Susele Rodrigues

; Sarmento-Soares, Luisa Maria

; Pinho, Marianna

; Martins-Pinheiro, Ronaldo Fernando

; Lima, Sergio Maia Queiroz

; Campiolo, Sofia

; Camelier, Priscila

Biota Neotropica

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2020, Volume 20 N. 4 elocation e20200969

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Este trabalho foi realizado a partir da avaliação do estado de conservação da ictiofauna de água doce do Estado da Bahia. Os dados de inventário e distribuição das espécies foram obtidos a partir da literatura científica especializada e de coleções ictiológicas representativas. Um total de 281 espécies nativas foi registrado no Estado da Bahia, distribuídas nas ecorregiões de água doce Mata Atlântica Nordeste (NMA) e São Francisco (SFR). A riqueza de espécies foi maior na NMA (187 spp.), composta por diversas bacias costeiras, do que na SFR (134 spp.), composta pela bacia do rio São Francisco. Das 30 famílias registradas, as mais representativas foram Characidae e Rivulidae, com 53 e 48 espécies, respectivamente. O estado de conservação de 214 espécies foi avaliado e 33 (15%) destas foram classificadas em alguma categoria de ameaça da IUCN. Destas, 11 foram classificadas como vulneráveis (VU), 12 em perigo (EN) e 10 criticamente em perigo (CR). A maioria das espécies ameaçadas (n = 14) pertence à família Rivulidae. O elevado número de espécies ameaçadas na NMA: (n = 23) está associado ao alto endemismo das espécies com distribuição restrita e aos impactos da ocupação humana ao longo da região costeira. Na SFR, a maioria das espécies ameaçadas é de peixes anuais, que estão localmente desaparecendo devido à degradação crescente de seus habitats temporários.

Abstract: This work was carried out from the assessment of the conservation status of the freshwater ichthyofauna from Bahia State. The inventory data and species distribution were obtained from the specialized scientific literature and representative ichthyological collections. A total of 281 native species was recorded in Bahia State, distributed in the Northeastern Mata Atlantica (NMA) and São Francisco (SFR) freshwater ecoregions. There was a larger number of species in the NMA (187 spp.), composed by several coastal basins, than in the SFR (134 spp.), composed by São Francisco river basin. Among the 30 families recorded, Characidae and Rivulidae were the most representative, with 53 and 48 species, respectively. The conservation status of 214 species was assessed and 33 of them (15%) were included in the IUCN threat categories. Of these, 11 species were classified as vulnerable (VU), 12 as endangered (EN), and 10 as critically endangered (CR). Most threatened species (n = 14) belongs to the family Rivulidae. The larger number of threatened species in the NMA: (n = 23) is mainly related to the high endemism of restricted-range species associated with the human occupation impacts along the coastal regions. In the SFR, most of threatened species are annual killifishes, which are locally disappearing due to increasing degradation of their temporary habitats.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2020-0969 1667 downloads

11.

Analysis of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and sociodemographic and clinical aspects of patients admitted in a referral hospital
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Bonin, Camilla Resende

; Fochat, Romário Costa

; Leite, Isabel Cristina Gonçalves

; Pereira, Thamiris Vilela

; Fajardo, Marina de Oliveira

; Pinto, Carmen Perches Gomide

; Macedo, Raquel Leite

; Silva, Marcio Roberto

; Menezes, Pillar Pace Lacerda

; Araújo, Nilma Maria José Mendes de

; Costa, Ronaldo Rodrigues da

einstein (São Paulo)

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2020, Volume 18 elocation eAO4620

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a ocorrência de resistência a fármacos antituberculose e a associação com características sociodemográficas e clínicas de pacientes de um hospital referência. Métodos Estudo transversal, com dados de pacientes que tiveram a cultura de micobactérias identificada e o respectivo perfil de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos definido (junho de 2014 a fevereiro de 2016). Foram realizados a análise estatística descritiva e o teste exato de Fisher, para comparação de proporções. Resultados O estudo envolveu 104 pacientes, e todos tiveram resultados para Mycobacterium tuberculosis . A baciloscopia atingiu alta positividade (93,3%), e 15 pacientes (14,4%) apresentaram linhagens resistentes, sendo 6 (5,6%) multirresistentes. As características sociodemográficas e clínicas não foram associadas à resistência. Conclusão A pesquisa permitiu conhecer melhor o perfil dos pacientes com tuberculose e constitui ferramenta para elaboração de políticas públicas específicas. Os pacientes diagnosticados com tuberculose resistente devem ser submetidos à maior supervisão.

ABSTRACT Objective To determine the occurrence of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance and its association with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of patients in a referral hospital. Methods This was a cross-sectional study based on data from patients who had mycobacterial culture identified and defined antimicrobials sensitivity profile (June 2014 to February 2016). The descriptive statistical analysis and Fisher’s exact test were used to compare proportions. Results The study included 104 patients who had positive results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis . Bacilloscopy had high positivity (93.3%). A total of 15 patients (14.4%) had resistant strains and six (5.6%) multidrug-resistant. The sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were not related with resistance. Conclusion This study contributed to further the understandings about the tuberculosis patients’ profile, the study also served as a tool for development of specific public policies. Patients diagnosed with resistant tuberculosis must be under greater supervision.

https://doi.org/10.31744/einstein_journal/2020ao4620 1109 downloads

12.

Determination of volatile fatty acids clearance in intact ruminal digesta
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de Resende Júnior, João Chrysostomo

; Pratti Daniel, João Luiz

; Barreto-Vianna, André Rodrigues da Cunha

; Vogas Peixoto, Juliano

; Correia Guimarães, Gregório

; Fátima Costa, Suely de

; Lima, Ronaldo Francisco de

; Cruz Meirelles, Fabiola da

CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia

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apr 2019, Volume 14 N. 1 Pages 8 - 17

Abstract: Es En Pt | Text: Es En Pt | PDF: Es | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Resumen Los bovinos canulados fueron asignados en un delineamiento cruzado para evaluar la técnica de determinación del clearance de ácidos grasos volátiles (VFA) por infusión de solución marcadora en la digesta ruminal intacta, y verificado la sensibilidad de la técnica a la variación en la dieta. Los animales recibieron dieta de forraje o forraje junto con concentrado e infusión de ácido valérico y solución de Cr-EDTA en la digesta ruminal intacta o evacuada. La tasa fraccional total de depuración de AGV (FRVFAC) fue estimada por el decaimiento exponencial del valerato a lo largo del tiempo. El pasaje FRVFAC para el omaso fue asumido como el decaimiento en la concentración ruminal de Cr y la absorción FRVFAC fue estimada por la diferencia. La FRVFAC total y la absorción no difirieron entre las técnicas. El paso FRVFAC, sin embargo, fue menor cuando la solución marcadora fue agregada en la digestión evacuada, probablemente reflejando la desestabilización del ambiente ruminal durante la evacuación y el mayor volumen de líquido observado en animales con digestión evacuada. En conclusión, la infusión de la solución marcadora en la digesta intacta con homogeneización realizada por la motilidad ruminal podría ser utilizada para la determinación de la depuración ruminal de la VFA, ya que parece causar menor disturbio en el ambiente ruminal.

Abstract Cannulated cows were allocated to a cross-over design to evaluate the technique for determination of volatile fatty acid (VFA) clearance by infusion of marker solution into intact ruminal digesta, and verify the technique sensibility to the variation in the diet. Animals received diet of forage or forage plus concentrate and infusion of valeric acid and Cr-EDTA solution into intact or evacuated ruminal digesta. The total fractional rate of VFA clearance (FRVFAC) was estimated by the exponential decay of valerate over time. The passage FRVFAC to the omasum was assumed as the decay in ruminal Cr concentration and the absorption FRVFAC was estimated by the difference. The total FRVFAC and absorption did not differ between techniques. The passage FRVFAC, however, was lower when the marker solution was added into the evacuated digesta, probably reflecting the destabilization of the rumen environment during the evacuation and the largest volume of fluid observed in animals with evacuated digesta. In conclusion, the infusion of marker solution into intact digesta with homogenization performed by ruminal motility could be usable for the VFA ruminal clearance determination since it seems to cause lesser disturbance in the ruminal environment.

Resumo Bovinos canulados foram alocados em um delineamento cruzado para avaliar a técnica de determinação do clearance de ácidos graxos voláteis (VFA) por infusão de solução marcadora na digesta ruminal intacta, e verificado a sensibilidade da técnica à variação na dieta. Os animais receberam dieta de forragem ou forragem juntamente com concentrado e infusão de ácido valérico e solução de Cr-EDTA na digesta ruminal intacta ou evacuada. A taxa fracional total de depuração de AGV (FRVFAC) foi estimada pelo decaimento exponencial do valerato ao longo do tempo. A passagem FRVFAC para o omaso foi assumida como o decaimento na concentração ruminal de Cr e a absorção FRVFAC foi estimada pela diferença. A FRVFAC total e a absorção não diferiram entre as técnicas. A passagem FRVFAC, entretanto, foi menor quando a solução marcadora foi adicionada na digesta evacuada, provavelmente refletindo a desestabilização do ambiente ruminal durante a evacuação e o maior volume de líquido observado em animais com digesta evacuada. Em conclusão, a infusão da solução marcadora na digesta intacta com homogeneização realizada pela motilidade ruminal poderia ser utilizada para a determinação da depuração ruminal de VFA, uma vez que parece causar menor distúrbio no ambiente ruminal.

https://doi.org/10.21615/cesmvz.14.1.1 325 downloads

13.

Brazilian Consensus for the Treatment of Multiple Sclerosis: Brazilian Academy of Neurology and Brazilian Committee on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis
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Marques, Vanessa Daccach

; Passos, Giordani Rodrigues dos

; Mendes, Maria Fernanda

; Callegaro, Dagoberto

; Lana-Peixoto, Marco Aurélio

; Comini-Frota, Elizabeth Regina

; Vasconcelos, Cláudia Cristina Ferreira

; Sato, Douglas Kazutoshi

; Ferreira, Maria Lúcia Brito

; Parolin, Mônica Koncke Fiuza

; Damasceno, Alfredo

; Grzesiuk, Anderson Kuntz

; Muniz, André

; Matta, André Palma da Cunha

; Oliveira, Bianca Etelvina Santos de

; Tauil, Carlos Bernardo

; Maciel, Damacio Ramón Kaimen

; Diniz, Denise Sisteroli

; Corrêa, Eber Castro

; Coronetti, Fernando

; Jorge, Frederico M. H.

; Sato, Henry Koiti

; Gonçalves, Marcus Vinícius Magno

; Sousa, Nise Alessandra de C.

; Nascimento, Osvaldo J. M.

; Gama, Paulo Diniz da

; Domingues, Renan

; Simm, Renata Faria

; Thomaz, Rodrigo Barbosa

; Morales, Rogério de Rizo

; Dias, Ronaldo Maciel

; Apóstolos-Pereira, Samira dos

; Machado, Suzana Costa Nunes

; Junqueira, Thiago de Faria

; Becker, Jefferson

Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria

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aug 2018, Volume 76 N. 8 Pages 539 - 554

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O crescent arsenal terapêutico na esclerose múltipla (EM) tem permitido tratamentos mais efetivos e personalizados, mas a escolha e o manejo das terapias modificadoras da doença (TMDs) tem se tornado cada vez mais complexos. Neste contexto, especialistas do Comitê Brasileiro de Tratamento e Pesquisa em Esclerose Múltipla e do Departamento Científico de Neuroimunologia da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia reuniram-se para estabelecer este Consenso Brasileiro para o Tratamento da EM, baseados no entendimento de que neurologistas devem ter a possibilidade de prescrever TMDs para EM de acordo com o que é melhor para cada paciente, com base em evidências e práticas atualizadas. Por meio deste documento, propomos recomendações práticas para o tratamento da EM, com foco principal na escolha e no manejo das TMDs, e revisamos os argumentos que embasam as estratégias de tratamento na EM.

ABSTRACT The expanding therapeutic arsenal in multiple sclerosis (MS) has allowed for more effective and personalized treatment, but the choice and management of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) is becoming increasingly complex. In this context, experts from the Brazilian Committee on Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis and the Neuroimmunology Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology have convened to establish this Brazilian Consensus for the Treatment of MS, based on their understanding that neurologists should be able to prescribe MS DMTs according to what is better for each patient, based on up-to-date evidence and practice. We herein propose practical recommendations for the treatment of MS, with the main focus on the choice and management of DMTs, as well as present a review of the scientific rationale supporting therapeutic strategies in MS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20180078 8891 downloads

14.

Tinnitus and sound intolerance: evidence and experience of a Brazilian group
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Onishi, Ektor Tsuneo

; Coelho, Cláudia Couto de Barros

; Oiticica, Jeanne

; Figueiredo, Ricardo Rodrigues

; Guimarães, Rita de Cassia Cassou

; Sanchez, Tanit Ganz

; Gürtler, Adriana Lima

; Venosa, Alessandra Ramos

; Sampaio, André Luiz Lopes

; Azevedo, Andreia Aparecida

; Pires, Anna Paula Batista de Ávila

; Barros, Bruno Borges de Carvalho

; Oliveira, Carlos Augusto Costa Pires de

; Saba, Clarice

; Yonamine, Fernando Kaoru

; Medeiros, Ítalo Roberto Torres de

; Rosito, Letícia Petersen Schmidt

; Rates, Marcelo José Abras

; Kii, Márcia Akemi

; Fávero, Mariana Lopes

; Santos, Mônica Alcantara de Oliveira

; Person, Osmar Clayton

; Ciminelli, Patrícia

; Marcondes, Renata de Almeida

; Moreira, Ronaldo Kennedy de Paula

; Torres, Sandro de Menezes Santos

Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology

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mar 2018, Volume 84 N. 2 Pages 135 - 149

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Introdução Zumbido e intolerância a sons são queixas frequentes e subjetivas que podem ter impacto na qualidade de vida do paciente. Objetivo Apresentar uma revisão dos principais pontos, inclusive conceitos, fisiopatologia, diagnóstico e abordagem do paciente com zumbido e sensibilidade a sons. Método Revisão da literatura com levantamento bibliográfico na base de dados da LILACS, SciELO, Pubmed e MEDLINE. Foram selecionados artigos e capítulos de livros sobre zumbido e sensibilidade a sons. Os diversos tópicos foram discutidos por um grupo de profissionais brasileiros e as conclusões, descritas. Resultado A prevalência de zumbido tem aumentado ao longo dos anos, muitas vezes associado a perda auditiva, fatores metabólicos e erros alimentares. A avaliação médica deve ser feita minuciosamente no sentido de orientar a solicitação de exames subsidiários. Os tratamentos disponíveis atualmente variam de medicamentos ao uso de sons com características específicas e técnicas de meditação, com resultados variáveis. Conclusão Foi apresentada uma revisão sobre os temas que permitindo ao leitor uma visão ampla da abordagem dos pacientes com zumbido e sensibilidade auditiva baseada em evidências científicas e experiência nacional.

Abstract Introduction Tinnitus and sound intolerance are frequent and subjective complaints that may have an impact on a patient's quality of life. Objective To present a review of the salient points including concepts, pathophysiology, diagnosis and approach of the patient with tinnitus and sensitivity to sounds. Methods Literature review with bibliographic survey in LILACS, SciELO, Pubmed and MEDLINE database. Articles and book chapters on tinnitus and sound sensitivity were selected. The several topics were discussed by a group of Brazilian professionals and the conclusions were described. Results The prevalence of tinnitus has increased over the years, often associated with hearing loss, metabolic factors and inadequate diet. Medical evaluation should be performed carefully to guide the request of subsidiary exams. Currently available treatments range from medications to the use of sounds with specific characteristics and meditation techniques, with variable results. Conclusion A review on tinnitus and auditory sensitivity was presented, allowing the reader a broad view of the approach to these patients, based on scientific evidence and national experience.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjorl.2017.12.002 28893 downloads

15.

Epipericardial fat necrosis: increasing the rate of diagnosis by disseminating knowledge within a single institution
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Giassi, Karina de Souza

; Costa, André Nathan

; Kairalla, Ronaldo Adib

; Parga Filho, José Rodrigues

Radiologia Brasileira

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feb 2018, Volume 51 N. 1 Pages 62 - 63

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-3984.2016.0095 974 downloads

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