Variations in lipid profile have been observed in sickle cell disease (SCD) and understanding their relationship with disease severity is crucial. This study aimed to investigate the association of polymorphisms of the CETP gene and laboratory markers of disease severity with lipid profile in a pediatric population with SCD. Biochemical and anthropometric analyses and CETP and alpha-thalassemia genotyping were performed. The study included 133 children and adolescents with sickle cell anemia (SCA) or hemoglobin SC disease (SCC), in steady-state. The SCA and no hydroxyurea (no HU) groups had higher values of ApoB, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared to the SCC and HU groups. However, there were no significant differences in ApoA1 and HDL-C levels between the groups based on genotype. Furthermore, the groups with altered levels of ApoA1, HDL-C, and the triglyceride/HDL ratio exhibited lower hemoglobin (Hb) levels and higher white blood cell counts. Hb level was associated to HDL-C levels. Analysis of CETP gene variants showed that the minor alleles of rs3764261 (C>A), rs247616 (C>T), and rs183130 (C>T), as well as the TTA haplotype, are explanatory variables for HDL-C levels. These findings suggested that dyslipidemia in SCD, specifically related to HDL-C levels, may be influenced by individual genetic background. Additionally, further investigation is needed to determine if clinical manifestations are impacted by CETP gene variants.

ABSTRACT The objective was to evaluate the digestive tract characteristics, metabolizability and nutrient retention of broilers fed diets supplemented with enzyme complex (EC). To evaluate the characteristics of the digestive tract 600 female Cobb 500 birds were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with 5 inclusion levels of the EC (0; 100, 200, 300 and 400 g/ton) and 6 replicates of 20 birds each. To evaluate the metabolizability and the retention of nutrients 200 female Cobb 500 birds at 15 days of age were used, distributed in a completely randomized design with 5 levels of supplementation of the EC and 4 replicates of 10 birds each. No significant effects (P>0.05) were observed for the supplementation of the EC in the intestinal pH, digestive organ weight, intestinal length and metabolizable coefficients of dry matter and crude protein. The metabolizable coefficient of ethereal extract was influenced in a quadratic decreasing form (P<0.01). The metabolizable coefficients of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were influenced in a quadratic increase (P<0.01), resulting in increased Ca retention in 21.39% and P in 9.56%. Supplementation of the EC in broiler diets improves the metabolizability and retention of P and Ca, without affecting the other parameters evaluated.

RESUMO: A deriva de herbicida, por falhas de aplicação, pode causar intoxicação em plantas de eucalipto, comprometendo o crescimento destas. Entretanto, a adição de produtos protetores como Fertiactyl Pós® à calda tem se mostrado eficiente na redução da intoxicação de plantas de eucalipto expostas à deriva de herbicidas. Em face do exposto, objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o efeito protetor do Fertiactyl Pós® sobre a redução de danos causados pela deriva dos herbicidas glyphosate, 2,4-D e a mistura glyphosate + 2,4-D em plantas de eucalipto. O experimento foi conduzido em esquema fatorial 3 x 2 + 1, correspondendo a três herbicidas: glyphosate (1.440 g ha-1), 2,4-D (680 g ha-1) e mistura em tanque de glyphosate + 2,4-D (1.440 g ha-1 + 680 g ha-1); duas doses de Fertiactyl Pós® (0 e 3,0 L ha-1); e uma testemunha sem aplicação. Antes da aplicação, a parte superior da copa do eucalipto foi protegida com sacos de polietileno, de modo a permitir que a calda atingisse apenas o terço inferior do dossel. A adição do Fertiactyl Pós® à calda com os herbicidas glyphosate e 2,4-D reduziu a intoxicação das plantas de eucalipto em 21,9% e 15,2%, respectivamente, aos 40 dias após a aplicação (DAA), em relação à aplicação dos respectivos herbicidas sem adição de Fertiactyl Pós®. A deriva da mistura glyphosate + 2,4-D potencializou a intoxicação das plantas do eucalipto em relação à aplicação isolada dos respectivos herbicidas e não houve resposta da adição do Fertiactyl Pós® na redução da intoxicação das plantas quando se aplicaram os herbicidas em mistura.

ABSTRACT: Herbicide drift, due to application failures, can cause intoxication in eucalyptus plants, compromising their growth. However, the addition of protective products such as Fertiactyl Pós® to the syrup has been shown to be efficient in reducing intoxication of eucalyptus plants exposed to herbicide drift. Given this, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the protective effect of Fertiactyl Pós® on the reduction of damage caused by the herbicides glyphosate, 2,4-D and the glyphosate + 2.4-D mixture in eucalyptus plants. The experiment was conducted in a 3 x 2 + 1 factorial scheme, corresponding to three herbicides: glyphosate (1,440 g ha-1), 2,4-D (680 g ha-1), glyphosate + 2.4- D (1,440 g ha-1 + 680 g ha-1); two doses of Fertiactyl Pós® (0 and 3.0 L ha-1) and one control without application. Prior to application, the top of the eucalyptus was covered with polyethylene bags to ensure the syrup only reached the lower third of the canopy. The addition of Fertiactyl Pós® to the syrup with glyphosate and 2.4 D herbicides reduced the intoxication of eucalyptus plants by 21.9 and 15.2%, respectively, at 40 days after application (DAA) when compared with the application of the respective herbicides without the addition of Fertiactyl Pós®. The glyphosate + 2.4-D mixture drift intensified the intoxication of the eucalyptus plants in comparison with the application of the respective herbicides in isolation. Besides, the addition of Fertiactyl Pós® to the glyphosate + 2,4-D mixture did not prevent plant intoxication.

RESUMO: O biossólido é um resíduo proveniente do tratamento de fluidos urbanos utilizado como fonte de nutrientes para culturas agrícolas e florestais. A matéria orgânica contida nesse resíduo e as características químicas dele podem interferir no comportamento de herbicidas no solo. Objetivou-se neste estudo avaliar a influência do biossólido sobre o potencial de lixiviação de herbicidas mimetizadores de auxina. Implantaram-se dois experimentos simultâneos, sendo um teste de lixiviação do picloram + 2,4-D em coluna de solo com adição de biossólido termicamente tratado ou de biossólido solarizado e outro para a avaliação do efeito da aplicação do lixiviado proveniente dos testes de lixiviação sob material inerte. Cada tipo de biossólido foi incorporado em solo arenoso nas proporções de 0% 50%, 100% e 150% da dose máxima recomendada para adubação subsuperficial para o eucalipto. O solo foi acondicionado em colunas de PVC e aplicou-se, na superfície das colunas, herbicida à base de picloram + 2,4-D (formulação comercial Turuna®), correspondente a 240 g L-1 de 2.4-D + 64 g L-1 de picloram, na dose de 3,5 L ha-1 do produto comercial. As colunas foram submetidas à simulação de chuva e fez-se a coleta do lixiviado resultante, seguida de sua aplicação em vasos preenchidos com areia. Foi semeado Cucumis sativus ao longo do perfil das colunas de solo e nos vasos. A incorporação do biossólido, independentemente do tipo e da dose testada, não interferiu no potencial de lixiviação do picloram + 2,4-D. Observaram-se sintomas de intoxicação ao longo de todas as colunas de solo e nos vasos. Portanto, esse resíduo é pouco eficaz para a resolução de problemas ambientais causados pela lixiviação de herbicidas mimetizadores de auxina no solo.

ABSTRACT: Biosolids are residues from the treatment of urban fluids used as a source of nutrients for agricultural and forestry crops. The organic matter contained in this residue and its chemical characteristics may interfere with the behavior of herbicides in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of biosolids on the potential for leaching herbicides mimicking auxin. Two simultaneous experiments were performed: a leaching test of picloram + 2.4-D in soil column with addition of thermally treated biosolids or solarized biosolids and another one to evaluate the effect of leachate application from the leaching tests under inert material. Each type of biosolid was incorporated in sandy soil in the proportions of 0%, 50%, 100% and 150% of the maximum recommended dose for subsurface fertilization for eucalyptus. The soil was conditioned in PVC columns and the herbicide columns based on picloram + 2.4-D (Turuna® Commercial Formulation), corresponding to 240 g L-1 of 2.4-D + 64 g L-1 of picloram at a dose of 3.5 L ha-1 of the commercial product. The columns were submitted to rain simulation and the resulting leachate was collected, followed by its application in sand-filled pots. The Cucumis sativus was sown along the profile of the soil columns and in the pots. The incorporation of the biosolid, independently of the type and dose tested did not interfere in the leaching potential of picloram + 2.4-D. Symptoms of intoxication were observed along all soil columns and pots. Therefore this residue is not very effective for the resolution of environmental problems caused by the leaching of auxin-mimicking herbicides in the soil.

ABSTRACT To the fungal microbiota the UFPE and biotechnological potential enzymatic and antimicrobial production. Air conditioned environments were sampled using a passive sedimentation technique, the air I ratio and the presence of aflatoxigenic strains evaluated for ANVISA. Icelles were to determine the enzymatic activity of lipase, amylase and protease metabolic liquids to determine antimicrobial activity. Diversity was observed in all CAV environments, CFU/m3 ranged from 14 to 290 and I/E ratio from 0.1 to 1.5. The of the fungal genera were: Aspergillus (50%), Penicillium (21%), Talaromyces (14%), Curvularia and Paecilomyces (7% each). Aspergillus sydowii (Bainier & Sartory) Thom & Church presented enzymatic activity and the Talaromyces purpureogenus Samson, Yilmaz, Houbraken, Spierenb., Seifert, Peterson, Varga & Frisvad presented antibacterial activity against all bacteria that all environments present fungal species biodiversity no toxigenic or pathogenic fungi were found, according to ANVISA legislation for conditioned environments and airborne filamentous fungi present potential for enzymatic and antimicrobial activity.

Objetivou-se avaliar o efeito da utilização de minerais orgânicos e do licopeno em rações para poedeiras sobre o desempenho zootécnico e a qualidade dos ovos. Utilizaram-se 288 poedeiras, distribuídas em DIC em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 (fontes de minerais x níveis de licopeno), com seis tratamentos, seis repetições e oito aves por unidade experimental. As rações experimentais foram: minerais inorgânicos (MI) sem a adição de licopeno; MI com a adição de licopeno (400mg/kg); MI com a adição de licopeno (800mg/kg); minerais orgânicos (MOR) sem a adição de licopeno; MOR com a adição de licopeno (400mg/kg); MOR com a adição de licopeno (800mg/kg). Foram avaliados: consumo de ração, porcentagem de postura, massa dos ovos, conversão alimentar (kg/kg e kg/dz), peso do ovo, porcentagens de casca, albúmen e gema, espessura da casca, gravidade específica, unidade Haugh, índice e coloração de gema, pH do albúmen e da gema. Os minerais orgânicos aumentam o consumo de ração quando associados a níveis de 0 e 800mg de licopeno. A associação de 400mg de licopeno com minerais inorgânicos aumenta o consumo de ração. A adição de minerais orgânicos ou de 400mg de licopeno às rações melhora a porcentagem de postura e massa dos ovos de poedeiras com 58 semanas de idade. A coloração de gema é mais acentuada para as fontes inorgânicas em relação às orgânicas e mais acentuada em rações com 800mg de licopeno. A unidade Haugh é maior em rações sem licopeno e com minerais inorgânicos e em rações com 400mg de licopeno e com minerais orgânicos. Rações com fonte orgânica associada a 800mg de licopeno proporcionam maior unidade Haugh em relação a fonte orgânica sem licopeno.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the use of organic minerals and lycopene in the diet of laying hens on performance and egg quality. 288 hens were used, distributed in DIC in a factorial 2 x 3 (mineral sources x lycopene levels) with six treatments and six replicates of eight birds per experimental unit. The experimental diets were: inorganic minerals (MI) without the addition of lycopene; MI with the addition of lycopene (400mg/kg); MI with the addition of lycopene (800mg/kg); minerals organic (MOR) without addition lycopene; MOR with the addition of lycopene (400mg/kg); MOR with the addition of lycopene (800mg/kg). The following parameters were evaluated: feed intake, egg production, egg mass, feed conversion (kg/kg and kg/dz), egg weight, percentage shell, albumen and yolk, shell thickness specific gravity, unit Haugh, index and yolk color, pH of albumen and yolk. The organic minerals increase the feed intake when combined at levels of 0 and 800mg of lycopene. The combination of 400mg of lycopene with inorganic minerals increases feed intake. The addition of organic or mineral 400mg lycopene in diets improves egg production and egg weight of hens at 58 weeks of age. The yolk color is more pronounced for inorganic sources in relation to organic and more pronounced in diets with 800mg of lycopene. The Haugh unit is higher in lycopene free diets and diets with inorganic mineral and 400mg of lycopene and organic minerals. Diets with organic source associated with 800mg of lycopene provide higher Haugh units for organic source without lycopene.

In cardiomyocytes, calcium (Ca2+) release units comprise clusters of intracellular Ca2+ release channels located on the sarcoplasmic reticulum, and hypertension is well established as a cause of defects in calcium release unit function. Our objective was to determine whether endurance exercise training could attenuate the deleterious effects of hypertension on calcium release unit components and Ca2+ sparks in left ventricular myocytes of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Male Wistar and spontaneously hypertensive rats (4 months of age) were divided into 4 groups: normotensive (NC) and hypertensive control (HC), and normotensive (NT) and hypertensive trained (HT) animals (7 rats per group). NC and HC rats were submitted to a low-intensity treadmill running protocol (5 days/week, 1 h/day, 0% grade, and 50-60% of maximal running speed) for 8 weeks. Gene expression of the ryanodine receptor type 2 (RyR2) and FK506 binding protein (FKBP12.6) increased (270%) and decreased (88%), respectively, in HC compared to NC rats. Endurance exercise training reversed these changes by reducing RyR2 (230%) and normalizing FKBP12.6 gene expression (112%). Hypertension also increased the frequency of Ca2+ sparks (HC=7.61±0.26 vs NC=4.79±0.19 per 100 µm/s) and decreased its amplitude (HC=0.260±0.08 vs NC=0.324±0.10 ΔF/F0), full width at half-maximum amplitude (HC=1.05±0.08 vs NC=1.26±0.01 µm), total duration (HC=11.51±0.12 vs NC=14.97±0.24 ms), time to peak (HC=4.84±0.06 vs NC=6.31±0.14 ms), and time constant of decay (HC=8.68±0.12 vs NC=10.21±0.22 ms). These changes were partially reversed in HT rats (frequency of Ca2+ sparks=6.26±0.19 µm/s, amplitude=0.282±0.10 ΔF/F0, full width at half-maximum amplitude=1.14±0.01 µm, total duration=13.34±0.17 ms, time to peak=5.43±0.08 ms, and time constant of decay=9.43±0.15 ms). Endurance exercise training attenuated the deleterious effects of hypertension on calcium release units of left ventricular myocytes.

Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar a persistência e o risco de intoxicação de espécies de eucalipto para mistura de herbicidas picloram + 2,4-D em aplicação prévia ao plantio florestal. O experimento foi implantado em campo, em delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 6 repetições, no esquema fatorial 4 x 5, com quatro espécies (Eucalyptus urophylla, E. globulus, E. saligna e Corimbia citriodora) e cinco doses de herbicida à base de picloram + 2,4-D (64 + 240gL-1 ): 0, 3, 4, 5 e 6Lha-1 do produto, aplicadas 30 dias antes da implantação da cultura. Aos 15 e 40 dias após o plantio (DAP), foram feitas avaliações fisiológicas. Aos 90 dias após a aplicação do herbicida (DAA), foi realizado um bioensaio para identificar o efeito residual do produto. Nenhuma espécie apresentou sintoma visível de intoxicação, porém ocorreram alterações fisiológicas. Para taxa fotossintética, houve diferentes respostas, com redução para maiores doses, exceto em E. saligna. Aos 15DAP E. saligna e E. urophylla apresentaram taxas superiores para condutância estomática e transpiração. Aos 40 DAP, constatou-se que o aumento das doses ocasionou diminuição linear na condutância estomática. A eficiência no uso da água das plantas foi menor aos 15 DAP nas doses mais elevadas, não havendo alterações aos 40 DAP. Não foram observados sintomas de intoxicação no bioindicador aos 90 DAA. Entretanto, o aumento das doses aplicadas ocasionou efeito linear positivo no acúmulo de biomassa do bioindicador. A mistura de picloram + 2,4-D não causou alterações morfológicas, porém desencadeou respostas fisiológicas negativas nas plantas.

The objective was the assessment of the persistence and risk of intoxication of eucalyptus species by mixing picloram 2,4-D herbicide on application prior to forest planting. The experiment was deployed in the field in a completely randomized design with 6 repetitions, in a 4 x 5 factorial scheme, with four species (Eucalyptus urophylla, E.globulus, E.saligna and Corimbia citriodora) and five doses of the picloram base herbicide + 2,4-D (64 + 240 g L-1): 0, 3, 4, 5, and 6 L ha-1 of the product, applied 30 days before deployment of culture. At 15 and 40 days after planting (DAP), physiological assessments were carried out. At 90 days after herbicide application (DAA) a bioassay took place to identify the residual effect of the product. No species showed visible symptoms of intoxication; however, there were physiological changes. For photosynthetic rate there were different responses, with reduction for larger doses, except in E.saligna. At 15 DAP, E.saligna and E.urophylla showed higher rates for stomatal conductance and transpiration. At 40 DAP, it was found that increasing the doses caused a linear decrease in stomatal conductance. Water use efficiency of plants was lower at 15 DAP in higher doses, with no changes at 40 DAP. Toxic symptoms were not noticed the in bioindicator at 90 DAA. However, increasing the applied doses caused a positive linear effect on the accumulation of biomass of the bioindicator. The mixture of picloram + 2,4-D did not cause morphological changes, but triggered negative physiological responses in the plants.

We report the case of a 95-year-old woman who had acute esophageal lesions while being treated with oral ciprofloxacin for an acute cystitis. On day 2 of treatment, she reported retroesternal pain with a globus sensation, and presented hematemesis and melena. There was no history of gastric or esophageal disturbances. An upper digestive endoscopy showed bleeding lesions on the middle third of the esophagus. Ciprofloxacin was discontinued and a proton pump inhibitor was administered. One week later, the endoscopic aspect of the esophagus was normal. Only two cases of ciprofloxacin-induced esophageal lesions have been reported previously. A short review of this kind of esophageal injuries is presented, focusing on the main risk factors and preventive measures.

Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 95 años con lesiones agudas del esófago que tomaba ciprofloxacino por cistitis aguda. La paciente refería dolor y sensación de cuerpo estraño retroesternal asociados con hematemesis y melena, después del segundo día de tratamiento. No había antecedentes personales de trastornos gástricos o esofágicos. La endoscopia digestiva objetivó lesiones sangrantes en el tercio medio del esófago. El uso de ciprofloxacino fue suspendido y se utilizó un inhibidor de la bomba de protones. Una semana más tarde, el aspecto endoscópico del esófago fue considerado normal. Dos únicos casos de lesiones esofágicas inducidas por ciprofloxacino han sido previamente publicados. Se presenta una revisión breve acerca de este tipo de lesiones del esófago, con énfasis a los principales factores de riesgo y medidas de prevención.

Filmes finos de CdTe foram obtidos por eletrodeposição catódica, a partir de uma solução de CdSO4, H2SO4 e Te. Os filmes foram depositados à temperatura ambiente, sobre substratos de vidro cobertos com SnO2 ou In2O3:Sn. A influência do potencial de deposição nas propriedades microestruturais e óticas dos filmes foi investigada. Os valores de banda proibida dos filmes ficaram na faixa de 1,40 e 1,50 eV, próximos ao valor da banda do CdTe volumétrico. Um potencial de deposição ótimo foi determinado para cada substrato. O aquecimento do eletrólito a 50 ºC não foi suficiente para provocar grandes alterações na cristalinidade, mas promoveu a formação de filmes com menor quantidade de defeitos. Isto sugere que um tratamento térmico pós-deposição possa melhorar as propriedades destes filmes para aplicações fotovoltaicas.

CdTe thin films were obtained by cathodic electrodeposition from a solution of CdSO4, H2SO4, and Te. The films were deposited at room temperature onto glass substrates covered with SnO2 or In2O3:Sn. The dependence of the microstructural and optical properties of the films on deposition potential was investigated. The bandgap values ranged from 1.4 to 1.5 eV, as in bulk CdTe. An optimum value for the deposition potential wasdetermined for each substrate. Heating the electrolyte to 50ºC did not change the film crystallinity, although it decreased the defect concentration. This suggests that a post-deposition heat treatment may lead to a better performance of the films in photovoltaic devices.

O sombreamento do solo com cobertura morta proporciona redução na germinação das sementes e diminuição da população de plantas daninhas, possibilitando às plantas da cultura de interesse se desenvolverem sob efeito de menor competição inicial. Dessa forma, objetivou-se neste trabalho investigar o efeito do cultivo de leguminosas na evolução da comunidade de plantas daninhas na cultura do milho-verde cultivado em sucessão, num sistema orgânico. O ensaio foi realizado em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, com parcelas subdivididas e quatro repetições. Inicialmente, houve o plantio das leguminosas: feijão-de-porco (Canavalia ensiformes), guandu (Cajanus cajan), mucuna-preta (Mucuna aterrinum), mucuna-anã (Mucuna deeringiana) e crotalária (Crotalaria juncea); foi mantida uma testemunha sem cultivo em pousio. Anteriormente ao cultivo do milho, foi avaliada a produção de matéria seca de cada espécie de leguminosa. Em seguida, após a roçada das leguminosas foi semeado sobre a palhada o milho, cultivar HTMV 02. A amostragem das plantas daninhas foi realizada aos 15 e 30 dias após a emergência do milho, lançando-se de forma aleatória sobre cada parcela um quadro de 50 x 50 cm. As plantas daninhas dentro do quadro foram identificadas, pesadas e contadas por espécie, sendo posteriormente colocadas em estufa a 65ºC, por 72 horas, para determinação da matéria seca. As palhadas da mucuna-preta e da crotalária proporcionaram maior redução de matéria seca e população das plantas daninhas. A maior produtividade de espigas comerciais de milho-verde foi obtida na área de palhada de mucuna-preta e crotalária.

Soil shading using mulch reduces weed seed germination and, consequently, weed population, allowing the plant of interest to develop free of the initial competition. Thus, the aim of this paper was to evaluate the effect of leguminous plant cultivation on the evolution of a weed community on green corn cultivated in succession under an organic system. The trial was conducted with leguminous plants during the 2007/2008 season, at the Embrapa Corn and Sorghum Field Center in Sete Lagoas-MG. The experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design with split-plots and four replications, with five species of leguminous plants being evaluated: jack bean (Canavalia ensiformes), pigeonpea (Cajanus cajan), mucuna-black (Mucuna aterrinum), mucuna dwarf (Mucuna deeringiana) and Crotalaria juncea, plus a control, spontaneous vegetation of the area. On February/2008, the leguminous plants were cut close to soil and corn was planted over this mulch on March/06/2009. Weed samplings were collected at 15 and 30 days after corn emergence, which was randomly thrown on each plot framework, measuring 50 x 50 cm.. The weed plants within the framework were identified, weighed and counted. The results obtained showed that Mucuna aterrinum and Crotalaria juncea cover provided further weed biomass reduction during the two seasons evaluated. Higher commercial green corn ear yield was obtained when soil cover using Mucuna aterrinum and Crotalaria juncea straw was adopted.