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au:DELFINO, JOSE

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Saúde Mental do Idoso em Tempos de Covid-19
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Rodrigues, Beatriz Gonçalves

; Alves, Maria Lizandra Delfino

; Gonçalves, Jonas Loiola

; Pinheiro, Cleoneide Paulo Oliveira

; Silva, Raimunda Magalhães da

; Guimarães, José Maria Ximenes

New Trends in Qualitative Research

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oct 2023, Volume 18 elocation e834

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Introdução: A população idosa tem crescido consideravelmente nos últimos anos no Brasil e no mundo, e continua com tendência crescente para as próximas décadas. O envelhecimento é um processo fisiológico e biológico progressivo, com experiências singulares individuais e familiares. Objetivo: compreender as vivências que refletem aspectos da saúde mental dos idosos no contexto da covid-19 em um município do sertão central do Ceará no nordeste do Brasil. Método: Trata-se um estudo qualitativo, ancorado na hermenêutica crítica. Foi realizado junto a 15 idosos atendidos em serviços da Atenção Primária à Saúde de um município do sertão do estado do Ceará, nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados no período de agosto a outubro de 2021, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, versando sobre vivências cotidianas na pandemia e repercussões na saúde mental, e estratégias de promoção de saúde realizadas no período de isolamento social. O estudo foi aprovado pelo comitê de ética em pesquisa de uma instituição pública do Estado do Ceará. Resultados: os achados foram organizados em duas categorias, definidas em: Sentimentos e saúde mental frente a covid-19 e, Promoção da saúde do idoso em tempos de covid-19. Os sentimentos foram expressos em incertezas, medo, luto e aflição. As medidas de prevenção, pautadas no isolamento social, causaram a sensação de prisão, e desconforto psicoemocional. Para a promoção da saúde, os idosos realizavam atividades domésticas, artesanatos e cultivo de horta, além de fortalecer a espiritualidade. Durante o relaxamento das medidas de isolamento, passaram a realizar caminhadas e visitas a igreja. Conclusão: As medidas de isolamento, o medo e os desconfortos afetaram a saúde mental dos idosos, sendo que às estratégias de promoção da saúde foram relevantes para o autocuidado e o apoio psicossocial.

Introduction: The elderly population has grown considerably in recent years in Brazil and in the world, and continues to grow in the coming decades. Aging is a progressive physiological and biological process, with unique individual and family experiences. Objective: to understand the experiences that reflect aspects of the mental health of the elderly in the context of covid-19 in a municipality in the central hinterland of Ceara in northeastern Brazil. Method: This is a qualitative study, anchored in critical hermeneutics. It was carried out with 15 elderly people assisted in Primary Health Care services in a municipality in the hinterland of the state of Ceara, northeastern Brazil. Data were collected from August to October 2021, through a semi-structured interview, dealing with everyday experiences in the pandemic and repercussions on mental health, and health promotion strategies carried out during the period of social isolation. The study was approved by the research ethics committee of a public institution in the State of Ceara. Results: the findings were organized into two categories, defined as: Feelings and mental health in the face of covid-19 and, Health promotion for the elderly in times of covid-19. Feelings were expressed in uncertainties, fear, mourning and distress. Prevention measures, based on social isolation, caused a feeling of imprisonment and psycho-emotional discomfort. For the promotion of health, the elderly carried out domestic activities, handicrafts and garden cultivation, in addition to strengthening their spirituality. During the relaxation of isolation measures, they began to take walks and visit the church. Conclusion: Isolation measures, fear and discomfort affected the mental health of the elderly, and health promotion strategies were relevant for self-care and psychosocial support.

https://doi.org/10.36367/ntqr.18.1023.e834

Incidence and characterization of colorectal adenomas in the area of influence of a specialized institution
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Roldán-Molina, Luis Fernando

; León-Ramírez, Sandra Milena

; Roldán-Delfino, Lina María

; Márquez-Molina, Sara

; Núñez-Cabarcas, Edilberto Elías

; Pérez-Useche, Hilda María

; Restrepo-Peláez, Antonio José

; Restrepo-Tirado, Carlos Ever

; Saffon-Abad, María Adelaida

; Zuleta-Muñoz, Julio Eduardo

; Zuluaga-Aguilar, Juan Nicolás

Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología

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jun 2022, Volume 37 N. 2 Pages 187 - 191

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: localización y caracterización endoscópica e histológica de los adenomas colorrectales en una cohorte de pacientes sometidos a colonoscopia en Medellín, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años sometidos a colonoscopia entre febrero y julio de 2020 en un centro especializado de Medellín, Colombia. Se determinó la incidencia de adenomas, su localización en los diferentes segmentos del colon, sus características endoscópicas e histológicas, así como también los casos de cáncer colorrectal (CCR) y displasia de alto grado. Resultados: se realizaron 992 colonoscopias y se encontraron pólipos colorrectales en 266 pacientes, de los cuales 208 tenían adenomas. En total se resecaron 461 pólipos, de los cuales 336 fueron adenomas (72 %). El tipo histológico con mayor representación fue el tubular (78 %). La localización de adenomas fue del 37 % en el colon derecho, 25 % en el transverso y 38 % en el colon izquierdo. La cantidad de casos de CCR fue de 9 por 1000 pacientes, que incluyen carcinoma avanzado y carcinoma in situ (DAG). Conclusiones: dada la incidencia de adenomas en el colon derecho y transverso, no se recomienda la rectosigmoidoscopia como estudio de tamizaje para CCR. En la población estudiada fueron predominantes los adenomas tubulares, de aspecto sésil y tamaño diminuto. Se recomienda el tamizaje en la población mayor de 40 años y la búsqueda de lesiones precursoras como estrategias para disminuir las tasas de morbimortalidad por CCR.

Abstract Aim: To locate and characterize colorectal adenomas endoscopically and histologically in a cohort of patients undergoing colonoscopy in Medellín, Colombia. Materials and methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study. We included patients older than 18 years who underwent colonoscopy between February and July 2020 at a specialized center in Medellín, Colombia. We determined the incidence of adenomas, their location in different segments of the colon, their endoscopic and histological characteristics, and cases of colorectal cancer (CRC) and high-grade dysplasia (HGD). Results: 992 colonoscopies were performed, finding colorectal polyps in 266 patients, of which 208 had adenomas. We resected 461 polyps, of which 336 were adenomas (72 %). The histological type with the highest representation was tubular (78 %). The location of adenomas was 37 % in the right colon, 25 % in the transverse colon, and 38 % in the left colon. CRC cases were nine per 1,000 patients, including advanced carcinoma and carcinoma in situ (HGD). Conclusions: Given the incidence of adenomas in the right and transverse colon, rectosigmoidoscopy is discouraged as a screening study for CRC. Tubular adenomas, sessile in appearance and tiny, predominated in the population studied. We recommend screening in the population over 40 years of age and the search for precursor lesions as strategies to reduce morbidity and mortality rates due to CRC.

https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.838 64 downloads

Can We Use the Indication for a Colonoscopy as a Predictor of the Adenoma Detection Rate?
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Roldán-Molina, Luis Fernando

; León-Ramírez, Sandra Milena

; Roldán-Delfino, Lina María

; Márquez-Molina, Sara

; Núñez-Cabarcas, Edilberto Elías

; Pérez-Useche, Hilda María

; Restrepo-Peláez, Antonio José

; Restrepo-Tirado, Carlos Ever

; Saffón-Abad, María Adelaida

; Zuleta-Muñoz, Julio Eduardo

; Zuluaga-Aguilar, Juan Nicolás

Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología

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mar 2022, Volume 37 N. 1 Pages 41 - 46

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: determinar la tasa de detección de los adenomas (TDA) e identificar las indicaciones de colonoscopia que predicen su hallazgo. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18 años sometidos a colonoscopia entre febrero y julio de 2020 en un centro especializado de Medellín, Colombia. Se estimó la TDA y se identificaron las indicaciones de colonoscopia, que se consideran predictores para el hallazgo de adenomas. Resultados: la detección general de adenomas fue del 21 % (n = 992) y la TDA en la población de tamizaje fue del 25 %. El rango de 40 a 49 años aportó el 12 % del total de adenomas detectados y la población masculina tuvo mayor incidencia (OR 1,73; IC 95 % 1,25-2,38; p < 0,001). El antecedente personal de pólipos (OR 1,86; IC 95 % 1,25-2,78; p = 0,002) y la presencia de sangre oculta en heces (OR 2,67; IC 95 % 1,12-6,35; p 0,026) se consideran predictores para el hallazgo de adenomas. El uso de filtros LCI mostró mejores resultados en la detección de las lesiones (OR 1,43; IC 95 % 1,02-2,0). Conclusiones: las indicaciones de la colonoscopia pueden predecir la probabilidad de detección de adenomas. El género masculino, el antecedente personal de pólipos, la presencia de sangre oculta en heces y la búsqueda de adenomas a partir de los 40 años son las variables que aumentan la probabilidad de encontrar adenomas. El uso de filtros LCI aumenta la detección de lesiones. La edad sugerida para el inicio del tamizaje de CCR es a partir de los 40 años.

Abstract Aim: To determine the adenoma detection rate (ADR) and identify the indications for a colonoscopy that predict adenomas. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study. We included patients older than 18 years who underwent colonoscopy between February and July 2020 at a specialized center in Medellín, Colombia. We estimated the ADR and identified the indications for a colonoscopy, considered predictors for finding adenomas. Results: The overall adenoma detection was 21 % (n = 992) and ADR in the screening population was 25 %. The range of 40-49 years contributed 12 % of the total number of adenomas detected, and the male population had a higher incidence (OR 1.73; 95 % CI 1.25-2.38; p < 0.001). Personal history of polyps (OR 1.86; 95 % CI 1.25-2.78; p = 0.002) and fecal occult blood (OR 2.67; 95 % CI 1.12-6.35; p 0.026) are deemed predictors for finding adenomas. LCI filters showed better results in detecting lesions (OR 1.43; 95 % CI 1.02-2.0). Conclusions: The indications for a colonoscopy can predict the probability of detecting adenomas. Male gender, a personal history of polyps, fecal occult blood, and the search for adenomas after the age of 40 are the variables that increase the probability of finding adenomas. The use of LCI filters increases lesion detection. The suggested age to start CRC screening is 40 years.

https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.743 55 downloads

Statistical influence of NH4OH, number of layers and droplet volume in the development of ultra-hydrophobic coatings based on SiO2 nanoparticles
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Magdaleon Loredo, José Felix

; Cornejo Monroy, Delfino

Revista de ciencias tecnológicas

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mar 2022, Volume 5 N. 1 elocation e190

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Los recubrimientos ultra-hidrofóbicos son de interés en aplicaciones de automoción, aeronáutica y construcción y en general en cualquier zona o superficie donde sea favorable el uso de superficies altamente hidrofugantes, con propiedades autolimpiantes, antihielo y anticorrosión. En los últimos años, varios investigadores han propuesto diferentes métodos físicos y químicos para obtener una condición altamente hidrofóbica. En este artículo se describe la fabricación de un coloide a base de nanopartículas de SiO 2 para fabricar recubrimientos hidrofóbicos con ángulos de contacto superiores a 140º. Con la ayuda de un diseño de experimentos y la fabricación de un coloide a base de SiO 2 por el método coloidal, se analizaron tres factores con sus correspondientes niveles y su influencia para maximizar el ángulo de contacto. El coloide fabricado se pulverizó y se colocó en capas sobre el vidrio. En todos los materiales donde se aplicó el recubrimiento se obtuvieron ángulos de contacto estático (SCA) entre 120º y 160º. Los resultados por espectroscopía UV-Vis indican que la transparencia es superior al 68% y que esto depende directamente de las capas aplicadas por proyección y de la calidad de la película formada. Los espectros FT-IR respaldan la formación de nanopartículas de SiO 2 , la presencia de grupos -OH en las diferentes etapas del proceso de fabricación de coloides y enlaces C-F. La composición y morfología se analizaron mediante microscopía electrónica de barrido por emisión de campo (FESEM). Las micrografías FESEM se analizaron en busca de soluciones ultra hidrofóbicas y mostraron aglomeración de nanopartículas. Como trabajo a futuro se propone analizar la resistencia al desgaste de los recubrimientos, su durabilidad y ángulo de deslizamiento, mejorando sus propiedades hidrofóbicas.

Abstract Ultra-hydrophobic coatings are of interest in automotive, aeronautical and construction applications and in general in any area or surface where the use of highly water-repellent surfaces, with self-cleaning, anti-icing, and anti-corrosion properties is favorable. In recent years, various researchers have proposed different physical and chemical methods to obtain high-hydrophobic condition. In this article, the manufacture of a colloid based on SiO 2 nanoparticles is described to manufacture hydrophobic coatings with contact angles greater than 140º. With the help of a design of experiments and the manufacture of a colloid based on SiO 2 by the colloidal method, three factors were analyzed with their corresponding levels and their influence to maximize the contact angle. The fabricated colloid was sprayed and layered onto glass. In all the materials where the coating was applied, static contact angles (SCA) between 120º and 160º were obtained. Results by UV-Vis’s spectroscopy indicate that the transparency is greater than 68% and that this depends directly on the layers applied by spraying and on the quality of the film formed. The FT-IR spectra support the formation of SiO 2 nanoparticles, the presence of -OH groups in the different stages of the colloid manufacturing process, and C-F bonds. The composition and morphology were analyzed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). FESEM micrographs were analyzed for the ultra-hydrophobic solutions and showed agglomeration of nanoparticles. As work in the future, it is proposed to analyze the wear resistance of coatings, their durability, and sliding angle, improving their hydrophobic properties.

https://doi.org/10.37636/recit.v5n1e190

Clase social, bienestar y afectividad general durante la pandemia de COVID-19 en Iberoamérica
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Navarro-Carrillo, Ginés

; Méndez, Lander

; Cakal, Huseyin

; Páez, Darío

; Pizarro, José J

; Zumeta, Larraitz

; Gracia-Leiva, Marcela

; da Costa, Silvia

; Basabe, Nekane

; Telletxea, Saioa

; Delfino, Gisela

; Techio, Elza

; Mathias, Anderson

; Alzugaray-Ponce, Carolina

; Villagrán, Loreto

; Martínez-Zelaya, Gonzalo

; Bilbao, Marian

; Wlodarczyk, Anna

; López-López, Wilson

; Alfaro-Beracoechea, Laura

; Ibarra, Manuel L

; Carvalho, Catarina

; Pinto, Isabel R

; Moyano-Díaz, Emilio

; Espinosa, Agustín

; Cueto, Rosa M

Escritos de Psicología (Internet)

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dec 2021, Volume 14 N. 2 Pages 84 - 95

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The current COVID-19 pandemic has sharply increased pre-existing social divides. In this research, we analyzed the relationships of different facets of social class with well-being and affectivity across 8 Ibero-American countries. Moreover, we also tested the potential mediating role of perceived risk of COVID-19 and perceived collective efficacy. The results obtained (a) revealed that a lower social class was related to reduced well-being and positive affect as well as to greater negative affect, (b) confirmed that subjective social class was a better predictor of well-being and affectivity than educational level (i.e., an objective indicator of social class), and (c) showed that subjective social class was indirectly linked to well-being/affectivity via its effects on the perceived risk of COVID-19 and perceived collective efficacy. These findings support the existence of differences in well-being and affectivity as a function of social class during the pandemic, while advancing our understanding of underlying psychosocial mechanisms.

Resumen La actual pandemia de COVID-19 ha supuesto un marcado incremento de las brechas sociales preexistentes. En esta investigación analizamos las relaciones de diferentes facetas de clase social con el bienestar y afectividad general a lo largo de un total de 8 países de la región cultural iberoamericana. Asimismo, también pusimos a prueba el potencial rol mediador del riesgo percibido relativo a la COVID-19 y de la eficacia colectiva percibida. Los resultados obtenidos (a) revelaron que una clase social más baja se relacionó con un menor bienestar y afecto positivo, así como con un mayor afecto negativo; (b) confirmaron que la clase social subjetiva constituye un mejor predictor del bienestar y afectividad general que el nivel educativo (i.e., indicador de clase social objetiva); y (c) mostraron que los efectos de la clase social subjetiva en el bienestar/afectividad general se daban de forma indirecta a través del riesgo percibido y la eficacia colectiva. Estos hallazgos confirman la existencia de diferencias en bienestar y afectividad general en función de la clase social durante la pandemia, al tiempo que permiten avanzar en la comprensión de los mecanismos psicosociales subyacentes.

https://doi.org/10.24310/espsiescpsi.v14i2.13608

Effectiveness and tolerability of three types of colonoscopy preparation products
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Roldán-Molina,, Luis Fernando

; Roldán-Delfino,, Lina María

; León-Ramírez,, Sandra Milena

; Núñez-Cabarcas,, Edilberto Elías

; Pérez-Useche,, Hilda María

; Restrepo-Peláez,, Antonio José

; Saffón-Abad,, María Adelaida

; Zuleta-Muñoz,, Julio Eduardo

; Zuluaga-Aguilar., Juan Nicolás

Revista colombiana de Gastroenterología

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sep 2021, Volume 36 N. 3 Pages 334 - 340

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Objetivo: establecer las diferencias entre tres tipos de productos de preparación para colonoscopia, en cuanto a efectividad y tolerabilidad. Materiales y métodos: estudio de corte transversal, analítico, prospectivo, ciego para el evaluador de la escala de Boston. Se incluyeron pacientes adultos, mayores de 18 años con requerimiento de colonoscopia y diligenciamiento de la encuesta sobre el tipo de preparación realizada para la limpieza del colon. Resultados: se evaluaron 3 grupos de productos (polietilenglicol, picosulfatos, sales de sulfato) en 907 pacientes, se aplicó la escala de Boston total y por segmentos, sin encontrar diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ellos (Odds ratio [OR]: 1,10; intervalo de confianza [IC] 95 %: 0,6-1,8; p = 0,728). El 60 % de la población fueron mujeres y la edad promedio 52 años. Se observó el cumplimiento de la dieta en el 99 % de los participantes. La preparación dividida tuvo mejores resultados en la escala de Boston (OR: 5,06; IC 95 %: 3,2-8,01; p = 0,001). Los picosulfatos tuvieron mayor aceptabilidad (OR: 15,8; IC 95 %: 8,83-28,3; p = 0,001) y menores efectos secundarios como distensión abdominal (OR: 0,59; IC 95 %: 0,3-0,9; p = 0,033) y vómito (OR: 0,25; IC 95 %: 0,07-0,82; p = 0,015). Se observó mejor resultado cuando se realizó el examen antes de 6 horas de finalizada la preparación (OR: 6,38; IC 95 %: 3,84-10,6; p = 0,001). Conclusiones: los productos evaluados no presentaron diferencias entre sí con respecto a su efectividad. Los picosulfatos tuvieron menores efectos secundarios y mejor aceptabilidad. Se obtuvo una mejor preparación del colon con preparación dividida y si el examen es hasta 6 horas de finalizada la preparación.

Abstract Objective: To establish the differences between three types of colonoscopy preparation products in terms of effectiveness and tolerability. Materials and methods: An analytical, prospective, blind, cross-sectional study of the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale was carried out. Adult patients over 18 years of age with a requirement for colonoscopy and completion of the survey on the type of preparation carried out for colon cleansing were included. Results: Three groups of products (polyethylene glycol, picosulfates, and sulfate salts) were evaluated in 907 patients. Total and segment Boston Bowel Preparation Scale was applied, without finding statistically significant differences between them (OR 1.10; 95%CI: 0.6-1.8; p = 0.728). 60% of the population were women and the average age was 52 years. Compliance with the diet was observed in 99% of the participants. Split-dose bowel preparation performed best on the Boston scale (OR 5.06; 95%CI; 3.2-8.01; p= 0.001). Picosulfates had greater acceptability (OR 15.8; 95%CI: 8.83-28.3; p= 0.001) and fewer side effects such as abdominal distension (OR 0.59; 95%CI: 0.3-0.9; p= 0.033) and vomiting (OR 0.25; 95%CI: 0.07-0.82; p= 0.015). The best result was observed when the test was performed within 6 hours of completion of preparation (OR 6.38; 95%CI: 3.84-10.6; p = 0.001). Conclusions: The products evaluated did not show differences between them regarding their effectiveness. Picosulfates had fewer side effects and better acceptability. Split-dose and testing up to 6 hours after preparation resulted in better bowel preparation.

https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.679 37 downloads

Luz divina en la educación de la primera villa de Cuba
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Delfino Ferreira, Alcides

; Letusé Loyola, José Erick

; Jiménez Rivera, Yildaris

; Matos Cantillo, Carina Celia

; Turro Gomero, José Ángel

Conrado

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jun 2021, Volume 17 N. 80 Pages 78 - 87

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The study of the History of Education has been a topic addressed by different researchers, which would be impossible without the teachers who have transformed the socio-cultural work of their country, with cases of them in each locality. Hence, it is important to recognize their contributions that in different historical contexts, allowed the educational development of their territories. Reason for which this work has been carried out, which makes it possible to disseminate and at the same time enhance the educational work of Luz Divina, an outstanding teacher from Baracoa, as well as to systematize her contribution to Education in the territory. The main research method used were interviews with relatives and testimonies of educators and the general population, in addition to document review. The work shows the pedagogical trajectory of this exemplary teacher, contributions to her profession and the main results of her that have made her admired and respected by both colleagues and students.

RESUMEN El estudio de la Historia de la Educación ha sido un tema abordado por diferentes investigadores, lo cual sería imposible sin los maestros que han transformado el quehacer sociocultural de su país, existiendo en cada localidad casos de ellos. De ahí que resulte importante reconocer sus aportes que en diferentes contextos históricos, permitieron el desarrollo educacional de sus territorios. Razón por la cual se ha realizado este trabajo, que posibilita divulgar y a la vez enaltecer la obra educativa de Luz Divina, una destacada profesora baracoense, así como sistematizar su contribución a la Educación en el territorio. Como método principal de investigación se usaron las entrevistas a familiares y testimonios de educadores y población en general, además de la revisión de documentos. El trabajo muestra la trayectoria pedagógica de esta ejemplar profesora, aportes a la profesión y sus principales resultados que la han hecho admirada y respetada tanto por colegas como alumnos.

Rendimiento y calidad del maíz Tuxpeño V-520C adaptado con selección masal a Valles Altos, México
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López-Morales, Fernando

; Vázquez-Carrillo, María Gricelda

; García-Zavala, J. Jesús

; Reyes-López, Delfino

; Bonilla-Barrientos, Olga

; Esquivel-Esquivel, Gilberto

; García, Ligia

; Hernández-Salinas, Gregorio

; Pérez-Jiménez, Genaro

; Herrera-Pérez, Lusmila

; Molina-Galán, José D.

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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jun 2021, Volume 44 N. 2 Pages 231 - 239

Abstract: Es En | Text: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN En el Estado de México, como en otras regiones de temporal de la república mexicana, los productores prefieren semilla de maíz nativo (Zea mays L.) por su adaptación a las condiciones de secano y por sus características para el procesamiento del nixtamal y elaboración de tortillas. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento, la calidad de grano, y la elaboración de nixtamal y tortilla de la variedad Tuxpeño V-520C adaptada a Valles Altos mediante selección masal visual (SMV) utilizando los ciclos C0, C14, C19 y el Compuesto Universal de la raza Chalqueño como testigo, en el Estado de México. Se realizaron tres experimentos en tres ambientes con diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se evaluó el rendimiento y las características de calidad del grano y tortillas bajo el método tradicional. Se realizó análisis de varianza y comparación de medias de Tukey (P ≤ 0.05) entre los genotipos. Se encontró significancia (P ≤ 0.05) entre ambientes, genotipos y en la interacción genotipo-ambiente para la mayoría de las variables. La SMV incrementó la adaptación a Valles Altos. El maíz Tuxpeño V-520C incrementó el rendimiento hasta en 67 % (C0 = 1.46 vs. C19 = 4.46 t ha-1) y mejoró la calidad de grano y de tortilla conforme avanzó la SMV. El maíz Tuxpeño C19 adaptado a Valles Altos registró el menor índice de flotación (41, siendo el más duro), mayor peso hectolítrico (75.5 kg hL-1) y mayor rendimiento de tortilla (1.42 kg kg-1 de grano), las cuales también fueron de textura más suave con respecto al testigo. El maíz del C19 podría representar una alternativa para los productores e industrias, ya que cuenta con las mejores características de calidad de grano para nixtamalización y tortilla.

SUMMARY In the State of Mexico, as in other rainfed regions of the Mexican republic, farmers prefer native maize (Zea mays L.) seed for its adaptation to rainfed conditions and its characteristics for nixtamal processing and making tortillas. The objective of this study was to evaluate yield, grain quality and the elaboration of nixtamal and tortilla of the Tuxpeño V-520C variety adapted to highlands through visual mass selection (VMS) using cycles C0, C14, C19 and Compuesto Universal of the Chalqueño race, as a control, in the State of Mexico. Three experiments were carried out in three environments with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Yield and quality characteristics of the grain and tortilla elaborated under the traditional method were evaluated. Analysis of variance and comparison of Tukey means (P ≤ 0.05) between genotypes were performed. Significance (P ≤ 0.05) was found among environments, genotypes and in genotype-by-environment interaction for most of the traits. The VMS increased adaptation to highlands. Tuxpeño V-520C maize increased yield up to 60 % (C0 = 1.46 vs. C19 = 4.46 t ha-1) and improved the quality of grain and tortilla as the VMS progressed. The Tuxpeño C19 maize adapted to highlands showed the lowest flotation index (41, being the hardest), the highest test weight (75.5 kg hL-1) and the highest tortilla yield (1.42 kg kg-1 of grain), which were also softer in texture compared to the control. Maize of C19 could represent an alternative for producers and industries, since it has the best quality characteristics of grain for nixtamalization and tortilla.

https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2021.2.231

Raw milk cheese as a potential infection source of pathogenic and toxigenic food born pathogens
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CARDOZO, Marita Vedovelli

; NESPOLO, Natalia

; DELFINO, Tammy Chioda

; ALMEIDA, Camila Chioda de

; PIZAURO, Lucas José Luduverio

; VALMORBIDA, Mylena Karoline

; PEREIRA, Natália

; ÁVILA, Fernando Antônio de

Food Science and Technology

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2021, Volume 41 N. 2 Pages 355 - 358

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

Abstract The consumption of raw milk cheese has been growing worldwide with S. aureus and E. coli been the leading agents in food poisoning. The present work aims to evaluate the microbiological quality of raw milk cheeses commercialized in Brazil, regarding microbiology safety and enterotoxin gene presence. Forty-three raw milk cheeses samples from five different suppliers were analyzed. Counting and identification of S. aureus, E. coli and Salmonella spp were performed according to BAM from the FDA. Further S. aureus identification was performed by the cydB and Salmonella spp by the invA gene. S. aureus toxin genes (sea, seb, sec, see, ses, seh and sei) and E. coli gene LT, STa, Stb, stx1, stx2, eae, rmpA, wabG, mrkD, kfu, mcgA, fimH and uge were analysed. From the 43 samples analyzed, 18 presented S. aureus with two isolates positive for the tst gene, two for the sec gene, two for the seh gene and four for the sei gene. Thirty-five E. coli and seven. Salmonella spp isolates were obtained. E. coli isolates harbored sta and stx2 genes. The results revealed that raw milk cheeses sold can cause harm consumer's health and highlights the importance of adoption good hygienic-sanitary practices and consumers awareness.

https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.37919 268 downloads

10.

Prediction accuracy of genomic selection models for earliness in tomato
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Hernández-Bautista, Aurelio

; Lobato-Ortiz, Ricardo

; García-Zavala, J. Jesús

; Cruz-Izquierdo, Serafín

; Chávez-Servia, José Luis

; Rocandio-Rodríguez, Mario

; Moreno-Ramírez, Yolanda Del Rocío

; Hernandez-Leal, Enrique

; Hernández-Rodríguez, Martha

; Reyes-Lopez, Delfino

Chilean journal of agricultural research

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jul 2020, Volume 80 N. 4 Pages 505 - 514

Abstract: En | Text: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Genomic selection is considered to be an important tool in plant breeding programs. However, its application in the earliness of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) has not been studied. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the prediction performance of six statistical models for six quantitative characteristics related to earliness in tomato. The study used phenotypic and genotypic data belonging to an F2 population consisting of 172 tomato plants. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were obtained using genotypic information, and the genomic values were estimated by the following six different statistical models: Bayesian Lasso (BL), Bayesian ridge regression (BRR), BayesA, BayesB, BayesCπ, and reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces (RKHS) regression. The correlation values ranged from 0.17 to 0.57. The highest association values were found in days to flowering of the third inflorescence and 1000-seed weight, which were greater than 0.5. In general, all the models performed in a similar manner because only slight differences were observed among the correlation values. Specifically, BL, BayesB, and RKHS exhibited the highest Pearson correlation values for most traits. According to the results, genomic selection could be a useful tool to support tomato breeding focused on earliness.

371 downloads

11.

Comparación del rendimiento y cambios morfológicos en maíz Tuxpeño V-520C adaptado a valles altos en México
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López-Morales, Fernando

; García-Zavala, J. Jesús

; Corona-Torres, Tarsicio

; Cruz-Izquierdo, Serafín

; López-Romero, Gustavo

; Reyes-López, Delfino

; Vásquez-Carrillo, Ma. Gricelda

; Molina-Galán, José D.

Revista fitotecnia mexicana

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jun 2020, Volume 43 N. 2 Pages 133 - 141

Abstract: En Es | Text: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY Visual mass selection (VMS) is an effective method to adapt tropical and subtropical races of maize (Zea mays L.) to other environments. The Tuxpeño V-520C maize variety is native to the lowlands of Veracruz, but was adapted to highlands through VMS for 14 (C14) and 19 (C19) cycles by selecting healthy and good yielding plants. This study evaluated grain yield and morphological changes in plant and ear at the original variety V-520C (C0), C14 and C19, along with Compuesto Universal (CU) of the Chalqueño race as a control. In the 2013 and 2014 agricultural cycles, six experiments were carried out in the states of Mexico and Veracruz. A randomized complete blocks design with three replications was used. Grain yield, agronomic traits, tassel characteristics and yield components were recorded. The combined analysis of variance across localities and the individual one for Veracruz did not include CU while analysis for the highlands did. There were significant morphological changes due to VSM in the combined and highland analyses. There was significance between environments, between genotypes or in the genotype-by-environment interaction for grain yield and morphological traits of plant and ear in all the three analyses. C19 increased favorable gene frequencies for higher yield in the combined analysis (3.5 t ha-1) and in that of Veracruz (2.6 t ha-1); also, it reduced days to flowering, plant height and tassel size, and increased the number of primary branches of the tassel and yield components. Because of this, C19 was the best genotype, similar to CU. Visual mass selection was effective for adaptation of Tuxpeño V-520C maize from the tropical zone to the temperate zone.

RESUMEN La selección masal visual (SMV) es un método efectivo para adaptar razas tropicales y subtropicales de maíz (Zea mays L.) a otros ambientes. La variedad de maíz Tuxpeño V-520C es originaria de tierras bajas de Veracruz, pero fue adaptada por SMV a Valles Altos durante 14 (C14) y 19 (C19) ciclos, seleccionando plantas sanas y con buen rendimiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el rendimiento de grano y cambios morfológicos de planta y mazorca en la variedad original V-520C (C0), C14 y C19, junto con el Compuesto Universal (CU) de la raza Chalqueño como testigo. En los ciclos agrícolas de 2013 y 2014 se realizaron seis experimentos en los estados de México y Veracruz. El diseño experimental fue bloques completos al azar con tres repeticiones. Se registraron el rendimiento de grano, características agronómicas, de espiga y componentes del rendimiento. Los análisis de varianza combinado a través de localidades e individual de Veracruz no incluyeron el CU, mientras que el de Valles Altos sí lo hizo. Se observaron cambios morfológicos significativos por efecto de la SMV en el análisis combinado y en el de Valles Altos, y en los tres análisis hubo al menos una significancia entre ambientes, entre genotipos o en la interacción genotipo por ambiente para rendimiento y caracteres morfológicos de planta y mazorca. El C19 incrementó las frecuencias de genes favorables para mayor rendimiento en el análisis combinado (3.5 t ha-1) y de Veracruz (2.6 t ha-1); además, redujo los días a floración, la altura de planta y el tamaño de espiga, e incrementó el número de ramas primarias de la espiga y los componentes de rendimiento; debido a ésto, C19 fue el mejor genotipo, similar al CU. La SMV fue efectiva para la adaptación del maíz Tuxpeño V-520C de la zona tropical a la zona templada.

https://doi.org/10.35196/rfm.2020.2.133 274 downloads

12.

Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology regarding the use of cloth face coverings, by chronic kidney patients in dialysis, during the new coronavirus pandemic (Covid-19)
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Abreu, Andrea Pio de

; Moura Neto, José Andrade

; Delfino, Vinicius Daher Alvares

; Palma, Lilian Monteiro Pereira

; Nascimento, Marcelo Mazza do

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2020, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 9 - 11

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO As presentes recomendações foram elaboradas após a publicação da Nota Informativa nº 3/2020 CGGAP/DESF/SAPS/MS, em 4 de abril de 2020, na qual o Ministério da Saúde recomenda o uso de máscara de pano por toda a população, em locais públicos. Levando-se em consideração a necessária priorização do fornecimento de Equipamentos de Proteção Individual (EPIs) para pacientes com suspeita ou confirmação da doença, assim como para profissionais de saúde, a Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia (SBN) posicionou-se favoravelmente ao uso de máscaras de pano por pacientes renais crônicos em diálise, em ambientes públicos, exceto no ambiente da diálise. As presentes recomendações englobam onze itens relativos ao que é racional para posicionamento, procedimentos, indicações, contraindicações, assim como tecidos apropriados para confecção e os cuidados de higiene a serem adotados. Essas recomendações poderão ser modificadas a qualquer momento, à luz de novas evidências.

ABSTRACT These recommendations were created after the publication of informative note 3/2020- CGGAP/DESF/SAPS/MS, of April 4, 2020, in which the Brazilian Ministry of Health recommended the use of a cloth mask by the population, in public places. Taking into account the necessary prioritization of the provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for patients with suspected or confirmed disease, as well as for healthcare professionals, the SBN is favorable concerning the wear of cloth masks by chronic kidney patients in dialysis, in public settings, except in the dialysis setting. The present recommendations have eleven items, related to this rationale, the procedures, indications, contraindications, as well as appropriate fabrics for the mask, and hygiene care to be adopted. These recommendations may change, at any time, in the light of new evidence.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-s103 1469 downloads

13.

Covid-19 (Sars-Cov-2 Infection) Information for Patients with Predialytic Chronic Kidney Disease
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Delfino, Vinicius Daher Alvares

; Nascimento, Marcelo Mazza do

; Barros Neto, Jose de Rezende

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2020, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 12 - 14

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Pacientes com Doença Renal Crônica estão entre os indivíduos de risco aumentado para desenvolvimento de formas mais sérias de Covid-19. Esse risco aumentado inicia-se já na fase pré-dialítica da doença. Fornecer informações úteis para esses pacientes, em linguagem que facilite o entendimento da doença, pode ajudar nefrologistas e outros profissionais de saúde a estabelecerem uma comunicação mais efetiva com esses pacientes e ajudar a minimizar o contágio e os riscos de doença grave nessa população.

ABSTRACT Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease are among those individuals at increased risk for developing more serious forms of Covid-19. This increased risk starts in the pre-dialysis phase of the disease. Providing useful information for these patients, in language that facilitates the understanding of the disease, can help nephrologists and other healthcare professionals to establish a more effective communication with these patients and help minimize contagion and the risks of serious illness in this population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-s104 3337 downloads

14.

Good Practice Recommendations from the Brazilian Society of Nephrology to Dialysis Units Concerning the Pandemic of the New Coronavirus (Covid-19)
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Moura-Neto, José A.

; Abreu, Andrea Pio de

; Delfino, Vinicius Daher Alvares

; Misael, Ana Maria

; D’Avila, Ronaldo

; Silva, Dirceu Reis da

; Andreoli, Maria Claudia Cruz

; Kraychete, Angiolina

; Bastos, Kleyton

; Nascimento, Marcelo Mazza do

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2020, Volume 42 N. 2 Pages 15 - 17

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Unidades de diálise são ambientes potencialmente propensos à disseminação da Covid-19. Os pacientes não podem suspender o tratamento, e são frequentemente portadores de comorbidades, o que confere maior risco e pior prognóstico. A Sociedade Brasileira de Nefrologia elaborou esse documento de boas práticas, cujas recomendações técnicas tratam de medidas gerais que podem ser implementadas para reduzir o risco de transmissão e evitar a disseminação da doença na unidade.

ABSTRACT Dialysis units are environments potentially prone to the spread of Covid-19. Patients cannot suspend treatment, and they often have comorbidities, which assigns them a higher risk and worse prognosis. The Brazilian Society of Nephrology prepared this document of good practices, whose technical recommendations deal with general measures that can be implemented to reduce the risk of transmission and prevent the spread of the disease in the unit.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2020-s105 1331 downloads

15.

Mesophotic ecosystems at Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, Brazil (South-western Atlantic), reveal unique ichthyofauna and need for conservation
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Pimentel, Caio R.

; Rocha, Luiz A.

; Shepherd, Bart

; Phelps, Tyler A. Y.

; Joyeux, Jean-Christophe

; Martins, Agnaldo S.

; Stein, Carlos Eduardo

; Teixeira, João B.

; Gasparini, João Luiz

; Reis-Filho, José Amorim

; Garla, Ricardo C.

; Francini-Filho, Ronaldo B.

; Delfino, Stephanie D. T.

; Mello, Thayná J.

; Giarrizzo, Tommaso

; Pinheiro, Hudson T.

Neotropical Ichthyology

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2020, Volume 18 N. 4 elocation e200050

Abstract: Pt En | Text: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Apesar de muitos estudos sobre a ictiofauna do Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha terem sido realizados, sua diversidade de peixes mesofóticos nunca foi estudada antes. Neste estudo utilizamos mergulho autônomo e mergulho técnico, vídeos subaquáticos remotos com isca e veículo operado remotamente para registrar peixes de ecossistemas rasos (≤ 30 m de profundidade) e mesofóticos (31 a 150 m de profundidade). Dezenove espécies de peixes pertencentes a 14 famílias são apresentadas aqui como novos registros, representando um aumento de 8,2% na riqueza de peixes marinhos da região, que agora possui um total de 250 espécies e 77 famílias. Esses novos registros incluem quatro prováveis novas espécies e reforçam a importância de estudos em ecossistemas mesofóticos. Nossos resultados também enfatizam a necessidade de proteção e atenção à essa ictiofauna única encontrada nesses ecossistemas profundos.

Abstract Although several studies on the ichthyofauna of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago have been carried out, its mesophotic fish diversity has never been surveyed before. Here we used SCUBA and technical rebreather diving, baited remote underwater videos and remotely operated vehicle to record shallow (≤ 30 m depth) and mesophotic (31 to 150 m depth) fishes. Nineteen fish species belonging to 14 families are reported here as new records, representing an increase of 8.2% in marine fish richness for the region, which now has a total of 250 species and 77 families. These new records include four potential new species and highlight the importance of surveying mesophotic ecosystems, even in well studied sites. Our results also emphasize the need for protection and attention to the unique ichthyofauna found at mesophotic depths.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-2020-0050 1657 downloads

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