ABSTRACT. This study aimed to analyze the principal components of the meteorological variables, physiological and behavioral response of cows subjected to different cooling times and their influence on milk quality, in the dry and rainfall periods, and to establish multiple regression models for milk quality. The data used in the study came from an experiment conducted in the Agreste Region of Pernambuco. The pre-milking cooling time was 10, 20, 30 min. and the control (without cooling). Sixteen multiparous lactating Gir cows were selected. Data were analyzed by principal component analysis and a multiple regression analysis was applied to determine milk quality. There was a strong relationship between somatic cell count (SCC) and activity of the animal in the shade for dry, and lying for rainfall, with increased SCC in cow milk. It was possible to establish two multiple regression models to determine milk quality in dry and rainfall periods. According to the principal component analysis, the cooling time to meet the thermal requirement of the animals was 20 min., regardless of the season and milking shift.

RESUMO O primeiro caso confirmado de Doença Associada ao Coronavírus 2019 (COVID-19) no Brasil foi confirmado em 25 de fevereiro de 2020 e em 3 de abril já haviam 8076 casos confirmados no país. A medida que a incidência de COVID-19 aumenta no Brasil, o tratamento de pacientes com câncer exige ação imediata e as clínicas oncológicas são instadas a estabelecer um plano de contingência. Instalamos um Comitê de Manejo de COVID-19 para elaborar e implementar as melhores práticas para ajudar pacientes ambulatoriais com câncer, bem como proporcionar um ambiente seguro para a equipe clínica e outros funcionários das clínicas ambulatoriais. Os desafios do tratamento do câncer em meio à pandemia global do COVID-19 destacam a importância de uma resposta rápida das instituições, onde a estrutura organizacional, o planejamento estratégico, a agilidade na implementação de diretrizes e formas alternativas de proteger e apoiar a equipe clínica, funcionários e pacientes podem ser a chave para mitigar os efeitos da pandemia.

SUMMARY The first confirmed case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Brasil was reported on February 25th, 2020, and by April 3rd, 8076 were confirmed in the country. As COVID-19 disease incidence escalates in Brasil, management of cancer patients requires immediate action and oncology clinics are urged to establish a contingency plan. We have installed a COVID-19 Management Committee to elaborate and implement best practices to assist cancer outpatients as well as to provide a safe environment for clinical staff and other employees at the outpatient clinics. The challenges of cancer treatment in the midst of COVID-19 global pandemic highlight the importance of a rapid response by institutions, where organizational structure, strategic planning, agility in guidelines implementation and alternative ways to protect and support clinical staff, employees and patients may be the key to mitigate pandemic effects.

The size and yield of fruit are important in the physical quality of the fruits destined for markets and industry. An experiment was performed to evaluate the form, peel strength and yield of fruits of yellow passion fruit plant produced in substrata with bovine bio-fertilizer and mulching, irrigated with saline water. The treatments were designed in three random blocks using a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement; irrigation with non-saline (0.50 dS m-1) and saline (4.50 dS m-1) water, with and without application of bovine biofertilizer and with and without mulching. The passion fruit fruits were harvested when 30% of the peel was yellowish; we evaluated the diameter of the longitudinal cavity (length), diameter of the equatorial cavity (width), fruit form index, peel strength and juice and pulp yield. The substrate with bovine bio-fertilizer and mulching irrigated with high salinity water reduced the diameter of the longitudinal and equatorial cavity, the fruit form index and increased the firmness of the peel of the fruits of the yellow passion fruit plant. However, the use of the bovine biofertilizer and mulching irrigated with non-saline water increased the diameter of the equatorial and longitudinal cavity and the fruit form index.

Las dimensiones y el rendimiento de los frutos son características fundamentales para la calidad de frutos destinados al mercado y la industria. En este sentido se realizó un experimento para evaluar el formato, resistencia y rendimiento de maracuyá amarillo producido en sustrato con biofertilizante bovino, mantillo e irrigado con agua salina. El diseño experimental fue de tres bloques al azar, con un arreglo factorial de 2 x 2 x 2, los factores evaluados fueron: agua de riego no salina (0,50 dS m-1), salina (4,50 dS m-1), con aplicación y sin aplicación de biofertilizante bovino, con y sin mantillo. Los frutos de maracuyá fueron cosechados con 30% de corteza amarillenta y se evaluó el diámetro de la cavidad longitudinal (largura), diámetro de la cavidad ecuatorial (transversal), índice de formato de los frutos, resistencia de la cáscara y rendimiento de jugo y pulpa. Los mayores valores de diámetro de la cavidad longitudinal, diámetro de la cavidad ecuatorial, índice de formato de los frutos y rendimiento de jugo y pulpa se obtuvieron con el uso de biofertilizante bovino y mantillo en los sustratos regados con agua de alto nivel de salinidad. El uso de agua de alto nivel de salinidad redujo el diámetro de la cavidad longitudinal, el diámetro de la cavidad ecuatorial, el índice de formato de los frutos, independientemente de la presencia de insumos orgánicos en el sustrato y aumentó el rendimiento de jugo, pulpa y resistencia de la cáscara en los tratamientos sin biofertilizante y sin mantillo. El mayor índice de formato del fruto presentó el mayor rendimiento de jugo.

The experiment was conducted in field in the municipaly Remigio, state of the Paraiba, Brazil, to evaluate the effects of the use of saline water for irrigation, bovine biofertilizer and mulch on the chemical characteristics of the fruits of yellow passion fruit. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2 x 2 x 2, three replications and three plants per experimental unit. Study material consisted of irrigation with water is not saline (0.50 dS m-1) and saline (4.50 dS m-1), with and without application of bovine biofertilizer, with and without mulch. The use of bovine biofertilizer reduced the negative action of the salts, increasing the pH, soluble solids and vitamin C in fruits of yellow passion fruit. The veal and mulching biofertilizer did not affect the titratable acidity values in passion fruit with an increased salt content of water. The content of vitamin C in fruits did not change with the use of mulch and biofertilizer veal. The ratio soluble solids / acidity of the passion fruit was reduced with the use of organic inputs and soil cover by applying saline water for irrigation of plants. The increasing salinity of irrigation water increased the electrical conductivity of the juice, regardless of the application of fertilizer and use of mulch.

El experimento se realizó en campo experimental del municipio de Remigio, estado de la Paraíba, Brasil, con el objetivo de evaluar los efectos del uso de agua salina en el riego, biofertilizante bovino y mantillo en las características químicas de los frutos del maracuyá amarillo. El diseño experimental fue de tres bloques al azar, con un arreglo factorial de 2 x 2 x 2, tres repeticiones y tres plantas por unidad experimental, los factores evaluados fueron: agua de riego no salina (0,50 dS m-1), salina (4,50 dS m-1), con o sin aplicación de biofertilizante bovino, con o sin mantillo. El uso de biofertilizante bovino redujo la acción negativa del sal, pH, sólidos solubles y los niveles de vitamina C en el fruto de maracuyá amarillo. El biofertilizante bovino y el mantillo no influyeron en los valores de acidez titulable del maracuyá amarillo con el aumento del contenido de sal en el agua. El porcentaje de vitamina C en los frutos no cambió con el uso de mantillo y biofertilizante bovino. La razón de sólidos solubles y acidez titulable del maracuyá amarillo se redujo con el uso del insumo orgánico y mantillo al aplicar agua salina en el riego de las plantas. El aumento en la salinidad del agua de riego aumentó la conductividad eléctrica del jugo independientemente de la aplicación del biofertilizante y el uso del mantillo.

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo obter informações sobre as características morfológicas dos frutos das pitangueiras localizadas em cinco municípios do Estado da Bahia. Os genótipos foram identificados, georreferenciados com o auxílio de GPS e de cada genótipo foram coletados 30 frutos no estádio de maturação fisiológica, avaliando-se: massa, comprimento e diâmetro do fruto, massas da polpa e das sementes, pH, acidez titulável, teor de sólidos solúveis e relação SS/AT. Os dados foram submetidos à análise descritiva, obtendo-se medidas de centralidade e de dispersão, correlação linear entre os caracteres e análise multivariada de agrupamento. Os resultados revelaram a existência de variabilidade para a maioria das características avaliadas, em especial para a massa do fruto, da semente e da polpa. Houve a formação de cinco grupos principais de dissimilaridade genética para a população geral, sendo a menor distância genética (0,22) verificada entre os genótipos IN3 e IN8 provenientes do município de Inhambupe. Os genótipos apresentam frutos com características de interesse para exploração comercial com porcentagem de polpa acima de 68%, sendo possível a identificação de materiais que reúnem altos valores para massa do fruto, massa da polpa, sólidos solúveis (SS), acidez titulável (AT) e SS/AT.

This study aimed to obtain information on the morphological characteristics of fruits of Surinam cherry located in five districts of the State of Bahia. The genotypes were identified, demarcated with the help of GPS and from each genotype, 30 fruits at maturity stage were collected, being evaluated: weight, length and diameter of fruit, pulp and seed masses, pH, acidity, soluble solids and SS / TA.). The data were statistically analyzed by obtaining measures of centrality and dispersion, linear correlation between the characters and multivariate clustering. The results revealed the existence of variability for most traits, particularly for the fruit, seed and pulp masses. There was formation of five major groups of genetic similarity for the general population, with the smallest genetic distance (0.22) observed between the genotypes IN3 and IN8 from the municipality of Inhambupe. The genotypes have fruit with interesting characteristics for commercial exploitation with pulp percentage above 68%, being possible to identify materials that gather high values for fruit mass, pulp mass, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA) and SS / TA.